Laser polishing (LP) is an advanced finishing technology used to improve surface quality through laser remelting of the surface topography. A thorough understanding of the surface topography formation during laser remelting is critically required to monitor, optimize, and control the LP process. For this purpose, a method for automated detection of laser-material interaction contour along a laser track was developed and was used to estimate the stable and unstable conditions of the LP process. Process instabilities can yield to significant variations of the longitudinal surface profiles and the remelted track width along the laser path. The proposed method relies on a first derivative-based determination of the two spatial contour boundaries that delimit the width of the remelted laser track. The developed technique was tested and applied to two experimentally obtained laser tracks under non-stable and stable LP process conditions. This study demonstrates the efficient applicability of the automated contour detection in advanced analysis, monitoring, optimization, and control of the LP process stability.