This special issue of the Journal of Composites for Construction, on “Recent International Advancements in FRP Research and Application in Construction,” contains selected topics presented at the Second International Conference on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering CICE 2004 , which was held at The University of Adelaide, Australia. CICE 2004 was also the first official conference of the International Institute for FRP in Construction IIFC , which was founded in 2003 and became cosponsor of the Journal in 2005. This special issue, along with its companion special issue to be published in Construction and Building Materials Vol. 21 , is a direct result of the efforts and dedication of the members of the IIFC. The 13 papers contained in this special issue have been developed to allow a thorough presentation of a diverse range of innovative topics by researchers from Asia, Europe, the United States, and Australia/New Zealand. The first paper in this special issue is by Feng et al. and introduces an innovative large-span FRP woven web roof structure. It is followed by a paper written by Taljsten and Blanksvard on the use of cement based agents for the bonding of CFRP to concrete as an alternative to traditional epoxy adhesive bonding. The next four papers are on the topic of bond and interfacial stresses between FRP and concrete. The first, by Thamrin and Kaku, is on the bond behavior of internal longitudinal CFRP reinforcement in concrete beams. The remaining three papers in this group are on the interfacial behavior of externally bonded FRP to concrete in strengthening applications, including a paper by Dai et al. on the dowel resistance between FRP sheets and concrete for application in the design of spalling prevention; the use of an innovative electronic speckle pattern interferometry technique to infer an interface bond-slip relationship by Cao et al., and a paper by Lu et al. on a novel finite-element model that considers the complex interfacial behavior to simulate the intermediate crack debonding process in beams.