Long-term Vision Research Articles

A Structural Equation Model of Factors Influencing Sustainability of Chemical Industry in Thailand

Objective: The purpose of the study is to study a structural equation model of factors influencing the sustainability of the chemical industry in Thailand and to study the direct, indirect, and combined influence of factors on the sustainability of the chemical industry in Thailand. Method: A total of 317 responses were collected from the chemical industry in Thailand using a multi-stage sampling technique. In the relationship analysis among the variables, AMOS is the main program to use, and another is Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The factors of the structural equation model as basic data. Results: We found that the factors influencing sustainability the most were Transformational Leadership, followed by organizational culture, and corporate social responsibility. The factors that had the most influence on corporate social responsibility were transformational leadership, followed by organizational culture. Transformational leadership must dedicate and foster the organizational culture and corporate social responsibility to address obstacles. Conclusion: It is important for the organization to define long-term vision and strategies, clear missions, and objectives related to corporate social responsibility, and to provide goals and direction to employees. Therefore, the chemical industry needs a leader who uses the transformational leadership style by shifting the organizational culture to a solid culture to differentiate itself when incorporating corporate social responsibility. Different from previous research on sustainability, this research aims to create a model showing the linkage of three independent latent variables influencing the sustainability of the chemical industry in Thailand.

Consensus-based indicators for evaluating and improving the quality of regional collaborative networks of intensive care units: Results of a nationwide Delphi study

PurposeTo select a consensus-based set of relevant and feasible indicators for monitoring and improving the quality of regional ICU network collaboratives. MethodsA three-round Delphi study was conducted in the Netherlands between April and July 2022. A multidisciplinary expert panel prioritized potentially relevant and feasible indicators in two questionnaire rounds with two consensus meetings between both rounds. The RAND/UCLA appropriateness method was used to categorize indicators and synthesize results. A core set of highest ranked indicators with consensus-based levels of relevance and feasibility were finally tested in two ICU networks to assess their measurability. ResultsTwenty-four indicators were deemed as relevant and feasible. Seven indicators were selected for the core set measuring the standardized mortality rate in the region (n = 1) and evaluating the presence, content and/or follow-up of a formal plan describing network structures and policy agreements (n = 3), a long-term network vision statement (n = 1), and network meetings to reflect on and learn from outcome data (n = 2). The practice tests led to minor reformulations. ConclusionsThis study generated relevant and feasible indicators for monitoring and improving the quality of ICU network collaboratives based on the collective opinion of various experts. The indicators may help to effectively govern such networks.

Reinforcing deterrence: assessing NATO’s 2022 Strategic Concept

ABSTRACT At the June 29, 2022, NATO summit in Madrid the heads of state and government adopted a new strategic concept for the alliance. The eighth strategic concept is the official long-term vision of NATO, at the same time it is the second most important document after the North Atlantic Treaty. This document describes the security environment the alliance faces, reaffirms the purpose and principles of the organisation, as well as its core defence tasks for the coming decade. As a crucial NATO document, it has an impact on the security and defence policy of the alliance and its member states; and sooner or later its ideas, principles, and requirements described in the concept will be materialised in the form of different policies, priorities, and tasks. The article examines comprehensively NATO's 2022 Strategic Concept, compares it with the 2010 Strategic Concept and the NATO 2030 Report. Given that the new Concept was adopted in the wake of the Russian-Ukrainian war, the study primarily deals with the Alliance's new perception of deterrence and defence and its planned measures. The analysis concludes that the Strategic Concept represents a significant shift away from the previous one, although it is an evolutionary document, and it has brought NATO into a new era of great power competition.

Accelerating artificial intelligence: How federated learning can protect privacy, facilitate collaboration, and improve outcomes.

Cross-institution collaborations are constrained by data-sharing challenges. These challenges hamper innovation, particularly in artificial intelligence, where models require diverse data to ensure strong performance. Federated learning (FL) solves data-sharing challenges. In typical collaborations, data is sent to a central repository where models are trained. With FL, models are sent to participating sites, trained locally, and model weights aggregated to create a master model with improved performance. At the 2021 Radiology Society of North America's (RSNA) conference, a panel was conducted titled "Accelerating AI: How Federated Learning Can Protect Privacy, Facilitate Collaboration and Improve Outcomes." Two groups shared insights: researchers from the EXAM study (EMC CXR AI Model) and members of the National Cancer Institute's Early Detection Research Network's (EDRN) pancreatic cancer working group. EXAM brought together 20 institutions to create a model to predict oxygen requirements of patients seen in the emergency department with COVID-19 symptoms. The EDRN collaboration is focused on improving outcomes for pancreatic cancer patients through earlier detection. This paper describes major insights from the panel, including direct quotes. The panelists described the impetus for FL, the long-term potential vision of FL, challenges faced in FL, and the immediate path forward for FL.

Idealizing Abolition

The United States system of policing is in drastic need of change. Some recent critics have encouraged that we avoid trying to repair the system—and abolish it altogether. In advancing this position, they often invoke ideas of “dreams,” “speculative imagination,” and “horizons” to guide efforts at fixing the problems of policing. In this essay, I caution against the overuse of this sort of idealized discourse in debates about policing. Specifically, I show how idealizations risk being counterproductive with respect to abolitionists’ activist goals, in that they suggest that if abolition is desirable, approximating abolition is also desirable; fail to clarify what the conditions of application of their view are; and operate without the feasibility-sensitivity that one should expect from a non-evaluative position. My goal is not to suggest that our system of policing is fine as is. Nor is it to diminish the importance of having a long-term revolutionary vision. By pointing out the ways in which the idealizations invoked are inconsistent with abolitionists’ activist agenda, I hope to help clarify the merits of police abolition as a guiding strategy for change and caution against the use of certain forms of idealized thinking in our efforts at police reform.

Building strong health and career trajectories through translational research.

Translational research (TR) is the movement of fundamental scientific discoveries into healthcare settings and population health policy, and parallels the goals of DOHaD research. Unfortunately, there is little guidance on how to become a translational researcher. To understand the opinions of DOHaD trainees towards TR, we conducted a workshop at the DOHaD World Congress 2022. We found that trainees were enthusiastic for their work to have translational impact, and that they feel that holistic, multidisciplinary solutions may lead to more generalisable research. However, there lacks support for TR career pathways, which may stall the execution of the long-term vision of the DOHaD agenda. We put forward recommendations for trainees to clarify their purpose in pursuing TR and for seeking relevant people and patronages to support their training paths. For mentors, training institutions, and scientific societies, we recommend developing TR-specific programmes, and implementing training opportunities, networking events, and funding to support these endeavours.

Demographic and socioeconomic disparities in receipt of ophthalmology consultation for facial trauma

ObjectiveFunctional outcomes following facial and ocular trauma are time-sensitive and require prompt evaluation to minimise long-term vision loss, yet few studies have systematically evaluated disparities in the management of these...

The Century of Türkiye: A New Foreign Policy Vision for Building the Türkiye Axis

On the centenary of the Turkish Republic, President Erdoğan, who has been ruling Türkiye for the last two decades, has announced a new perspective on foreign policy for Türkiye’s second century. He has named the long-term foreign policy vision as the ‘Century of Türkiye’ and declared his determination for building a ‘Türkiye Axis.’ After a fierce struggle against both domestic and international tutelage, President Erdoğan has succeeded to attain autonomy in Turkish foreign policy. Ankara has built a powerful economy and increased its military capacity at the national level. Also, it has improved its relations with both Turkic and Muslim countries and begun to take initiatives and to play a leadership role at the regional level. Furthermore, Türkiye has diversified its relations with other actor and elevated its status at the global level. Within this perspective, it has begun to contribute to resolving global challenges and to play an influential role in international organizations. This article will provide a comprehensive analysis of the evolving foreign policy of Türkiye in recent years. It will delve deep into the shifts and transformations that have taken place and explore the underlying principles and objectives that define Türkiye’s new foreign policy vision, the Century of Türkiye.

The Role of Behavioral Principles in the Functioning of Mesoeconomic Systems (Using the Example of Russian Technology Parks)

The effectiveness of the technopark’s functioning depends to a great extent on the quality of its management bodies. The article analyzes two of the most common management models: the short-term vision strategy model (technoparks as some kind of public services that ensure the emergence of innovative enterprises) and the long-term vision strategy model (technoparks not only as service providers to residents and other participants, but also as creators of a favorable business environment together with the state, universities and research organizations). Since the building of the organizational structure of management takes place in the existing institutional environment of the functioning of technoparks, a wide range of behavioral capabilities of management subjects arises.The purpose of the work is to analyze the behavior of management companies and resident companies of technoparks from the standpoint of behavioral and experimental economics, introduced into scientific circulation by Nobel laureates D. Kahneman and V. Smith, R. Thaler.The methodology of the study is based on a statistical analysis of the indicators of the VII National Rating of technoparks of Russia, presented on the GISIP platform of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation. Methods of multivariate statistical analysis of the sample structure and identification of correlations of indicators are used.Results. The main model of innovative business development in Russian technoparks (more than 60% of the surveyed) participating in the rating is the short-term development model. Within its framework, management companies, limited by institutional requirements, adhere to the strategy of maximizing profitability from development activities in their behavior. The high risks of innovation activity of resident companies and the behavior of the management companies of technoparks, striving individually to achieve their goals, do not contribute to the realization of the general goal – the development of innovative business in the country. Examples of technoparks are given, in which the mechanisms of interaction between management companies and resident companies are revealed.

Strategic management approach to digitalization of business: the impact of Euro-Atlantic integration on the modernization of Ukrainian enterprises

Relevance of the research topic. Changes in legislation and regulation aimed at supporting digital transformation are creating new opportunities for businesses. Ukrainian enterprises need modernization and adaptation to modern conditions of competitive business. Digital technologies are a powerful tool for increasing the efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises. Ukraine's integration into Euro-Atlantic structures, such as the European Union and NATO, creates new opportunities and requires enterprises to meet standards and requirements. All this creates a basis for discussing the impact of Euro-Atlantic integration on digital modernization. Formulation of the problem. Ukraine, like other countries, faces the need to modernize its business in conditions of deep changes in the world economy. This modernization includes the transition to digital transformation, which is an urgent strategic goal for many Ukrainian enterprises. The implementation of digital technologies and processes confronts enterprises with numerous challenges and problematic issues. Analysis of recent research and publications. In general, this problem attracts considerable attention of both Ukrainian and foreign researchers. They explore various aspects of business digitalization and examine its impact on enterprise modernization in the context of Euro-Atlantic integration. However, the task of further research may be the integration and generalization of the results, the development of specific recommendations for Ukrainian enterprises and the determination of optimal strategies for their development. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. The interaction of digital technologies and Euro-Atlantic European integration at the level of individual enterprises and industries, as well as the analysis of practical examples of the implementation of digital initiatives in small businesses, have not been sufficiently studied. Additional research is needed to study cyber security issues, the development of financial models for enterprises, the study of ethical issues related to the collection and processing of data in the digital environment, as well as the impact of Euro-Atlantic integration on legislation in this field. Problem statement, research goals. The research is aimed at studying the impact of Euro-Atlantic integration on the process of digitization of Ukrainian enterprises, as well as determining the key factors that influence this process. The article aims to contribute to the understanding and effective use of opportunities that open up to Ukrainian enterprises due to integration with Euro-Atlantic structures in the context of business digitalization. Methodology of the study. Complex of scientific abstraction, theoretical comparative analysis and synthesis of own innovative ideas. Presentation of the main material (results of work). An overview of the degree of use of digital technologies in Ukrainian business was conducted, including statistical data, the level of infrastructure and the activity of enterprises in this direction. The influence of Euro-Atlantic integration processes on the development of digital technologies in Ukraine is analyzed, in particular in the context of the harmonization of legislation and ensuring access to European markets. Key factors affecting the successful implementation of digital projects in Ukraine and obstacles that may arise in this process have been identified. Based on the obtained results, recommendations were formulated for Ukrainian enterprises and state bodies on issues of speeding up the process of digitization and Euro-Atlantic integration. In conclusion, the main conclusions of the study are given, indicating the relevance and importance of further measures for the development of Ukrainian business in the context of digital modernization and integration with Euro-Atlantic structures. Field of application of results. Training of applicants in the specialty 073 "Management" with medium and long-term strategic vision. Conclusions in accordance with the article. Digitization opens up new opportunities for small and medium-sized enterprises to develop and carry out international operations. However, it also creates challenges in securing investment and training. The development of the digital market in Ukraine promotes the emergence of new innovations and creative services. The digital market in Ukraine is connected with Euro-Atlantic integration through harmonization and increasing the competitiveness of Ukrainian enterprises on European markets. The key technologies of digital transformation in Ukraine include Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, etc. These technologies directly affect the development of business in Ukraine. A SWOT analysis allows you to track the strengths and weaknesses of a business in the context of digitalization, as well as identify opportunities and threats in the market. PEST analysis examines political, economic, social and technological factors affecting business in the context of Euro-Atlantic integration and digital transformation. The digital economy is becoming an increasingly important component of Ukraine's GDP and contributes to the growth of national business and raising the standard of living of the population.

Growth Simulations of Urban Underground Space with Ecological Constraints Using a Patch-Based Cellular Automaton

The growth simulation of urban underground space (UUS) under the consideration of ecological constraints can effectively reveal the characteristics and trends of UUS changes, and provide a basis for planning the construction of sustainable and livable ecological cities. Therefore, this study considers urban ecological space as a constraint mechanism for UUS development and conducts a simulation study of the dynamic and complex UUS growth process, with a view toward guiding UUS planning under a long-term overall vision. In this study, a patch-based cellular automaton (CA) model is constructed to simulate the dynamic and complex growth process of UUS, subject to the ecological constraints generated by the agent-based land allocation optimization model. The spatial drivers of UUS growth simulation are determined based on the Random Forest (RF) algorithm. The results of the research case in Tianfu New District, Chengdu City, demonstrate that UUS expansion with ecological constraints exhibits sustainable characteristics. However, the growth rate of the UUS development scale is significantly lower when ecological constraints are present compared to when they are not. This study’s results contribute to urban management by finding a balance between UUS development and ecological space conservation, and providing theoretical support for rational UUS planning and decision making in the construction of low-carbon cities.

The COVID-19 pandemic and deepening digital inequalities in China

As Internet usage reshapes our societies, digital inequalities have increased over the past few decades. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries accelerated their digital transformation processes, and it is widely believed the COVID-19 pandemic has deepened existing inequalities in the digital realm. Yet, few studies have empirically examined whether digital inequalities in the labor market increased during the pandemic. This analysis studies how the COVID-19 pandemic affected Chinese workers' Internet usage and how this influence varied across socioeconomic groups. By using the ordered probit model and leveraging the most recent data from the China Family Panel Studies and the Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center, we find that the pandemic significantly increased the overall level of Internet usage in the country, and the mediating effects of the perceived importance of the Internet and access to the Internet are confirmed. As Internet usage increased, digital inequalities in China's labor market deepened, especially among young and wealthy workers with high social status in urban areas, while older and poorer workers in rural areas benefited less from this new ‘digital wave.’ Moreover, during the pandemic, Internet usage increased among employees working in state-owned enterprises (SOEs), which suggests a growing digital inequality gap between SOEs and other sectors. Following a series of robustness tests, our research findings remain valid. We propose a policy redesign that embodies a comprehensive long-term vision and guarantees raising the levels of Internet usage for socially and economically disadvantaged groups in China.

An AI-powered navigation framework to achieve an automated acquisition of cardiac ultrasound images

Echocardiography is an effective tool for diagnosing cardiovascular disease. However, numerous challenges affect its accessibility, including skill requirements, workforce shortage, and sonographer strain. We introduce a navigation framework for the automated acquisition of echocardiography images, consisting of 3 modules: perception, intelligence, and control. The perception module contains an ultrasound probe, a probe actuator, and a locator camera. Information from this module is sent to the intelligence module, which grades the quality of an ultrasound image for different echocardiography views. The window search algorithm in the control module governs the decision-making process in probe movement, finding the best location based on known probe traversal positions and image quality. We conducted a series of simulations using the HeartWorks simulator to assess the proposed framework. This study achieved an accuracy of 99% for the image quality model, 96% for the probe locator model, and 99% for the view classification model, trained on an 80/20 training and testing split. We found that the best search area corresponds with general guidelines: at the anatomical left of the sternum between the 2nd and 5th intercostal space. Additionally, the likelihood of successful acquisition is also driven by how long it stores past coordinates and how much it corrects itself. Results suggest that achieving an automated echocardiography system is feasible using the proposed framework. The long-term vision is of a widely accessible and accurate heart imaging capability within hospitals and community-based settings that enables timely diagnosis of early-stage heart disease.

The Challenges of Banco Crédito Agrícola in Portugal to the European Commission's Sustainable Finance Action Plan

This article relates to the necessary changes that Banco Crédito Agrícola in Portugal must consider; at the level of strategy, processes and organizational culture, to meet the European Commission Action Plan for sustainable finance, published in 2018 (European Commission, 2018). The Action Plan obliges financial institutions to redirect capital flows towards more sustainable investments to ensure sustainable and inclusive growth, manage financial risks arising from climate change, resource depletion, environmental degradation, and social issues, as well as promote transparency and long-term vision in economic and financial activities (European Commission, 2018).
 The study seeks to give greater relevance to the approach on Resource-Based View and Dynamic Capabilities supported by knowledge management as the main sustainable competitive advantage for Banking in Portugal to meet the Action Plan requirements described above.
 Firstly, qualitative, and secondly quantitative methodologies were used. The qualitative part was made by analyzing the sustainability reports of the 2013-2020 period of Banco Crédito Agrícola and by interviewing key employee stakeholders of the institution. The quantitative part was made by applying questionnaires to two different samples; one representing the Portuguese population and the other, consisted of employees of Banco Crédito Agrícola based in Portugal. 
 We conclude that there is a relationship between sustainable finance and knowledge management in the banking sector. This relationship implies a need for strategic, cultural, and process changes in Banco Crédito Agrícola, in the context of its organizational development.

FEATURES OF BRAND STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT FOR AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

The article examines the specifics of the development and stages of a brand strategy for agricultural enterprises, the essence and meaning of the concept of “brand strategy” from conceptual point of view, highlights the main development vectors and trends of foreign experience and Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to determine the content and main stages of formation of a brand strategy for agricultural enterprises, structuring elements and its tendency to change in agrarian enterprises. The influence of modern agricultural innovations on the marketing of the brand of agricultural products is analyzed. It has been proven that the development of a brand strategy for agricultural enterprises depends on many factors, namely on a quick response to price fluctuations, the organization of optimal logistics channels for the sale of agricultural products, on a quick response to changes in the main market trends. Modern approaches to the process of developing marketing strategies of agricultural enterprises and methods of marketing strategic analysis are considered. The peculiarities of agribusiness in Ukraine are: lack of long-term vision, market awareness, brand awareness is relatively weak. Brand in the field of production and business areas and not enough attention. In particular, farmers scattered business, a low degree of organization even if the registration of the trademark brand, but also unable to carry out publicity and the corresponding market development, resulting in increased awareness of trademark awareness, can not play the role of the brand. The core of agricultural product brand building is brand quality construction. The implementation of agricultural standardization is the guarantee of agricultural brand. However, compared with foreign developed countries, Ukraine agricultural standardization level is low, the implementation of agricultural standards lag. Many places only focus on standard-setting, and not pay attention to the implementation of standards, production, processing and other links are still conventional production. This caused the quality of agricultural products at different levels, seriously hampered the cultivation and development of well-known agricultural products brand. The main steps of building a brand strategy include defining the target audience, creating a unique offer in the market, a compelling message and an attractive visual identity. When building brand strategies of agricultural enterprises, the principles of uniqueness of product offers and expressive naming should be followed. Conclusions are drawn on the main regarding the effective development and use of brand strategy for agricultural enterprises and product.

Jesus The Teacher

After reading the book, the writer found that Jesus knew His identity as Teacher and God. Therefore, the purpose of His coming into this world is to teach the truth to humans both through what is delivered and the example of His life. Therefore, a teacher must really realize, accept and be proud of his duties as a teacher so that he can carry out his duties to the fullest and be able to be an example for other students and society. Through reading this book, by learning from the Lord Jesus, there are many principles that a teacher must have and work on in teaching, namely knowing his students correctly with all the developments and struggles they face. In addition, a teacher must have clear goals, so that the learning process does not take place and act just like that without producing anything in students. In teaching a teacher, one must use the Bible as the main source in teaching even though one must be open to other knowledge to add insight to the teacher and students. A teacher must improve the quality of himself in teaching, by preparing both materially and choosing the right methods and strategies to use that are in accordance with the ability of students to accept them.
 In teaching a teacher must have a long-term vision in students. So that this helps the teacher to be patient and continue to give the best even though the students still have various weaknesses and deficiencies in themselves. Teachers must be able to see the positive side in students and develop it so that it becomes an impactful ability for the students themselves and the wider community in the future. Through reading this book, a teacher is required to learn from the person of the Lord Jesus and have a good personal relationship so that the wisdom and anointing from the Lord Jesus equips the teacher in carrying out his duties.

The Interdependence of Environmental Activities and Investment Attractiveness: Finances of Russian Metallurgy

All countries now share a long-term vision of the importance of implementing technology development and transfer to improve climate resilience and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Metallurgical enterprises play a significant role in achieving this goal, since they produce a large amount of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. In connection with the changing operating conditions and changing markets of presence, the issues of ensuring their investment attractiveness are acquiring obvious importance in the framework of the finances of Russian metallurgical companies. The object of the study is an assessment of the investment attractiveness of Russian metallurgical companies. The subject of the study is the relationship between the investment attractiveness of metallurgical companies and the results of their environmental protection activities. The purpose of this study is to identify the interdependence of environmental metrics and the investment attractiveness of steel companies. The methodological basis is a regression analysis of the impact of environmental metrics on the investment attractiveness of metallurgical companies. The authors chose the following indicators of environmental performance: CO2 emissions, energy consumption, water recycling, waste. To assess the investment attractiveness of metallurgical companies, the following indicators were used: revenue, EBITDA, investment in R&D. The authors concluded that the environmental activities of companies have a significant impact on their investment attractiveness. The scientific novelty of the study lies in identifying the interdependence of environmental protection activities and the investment attractiveness of Russian metallurgy companies. The results of the study can be used by both Russian steel companies and institutional investors as part of the development of an investment strategy.

Ocular Manifestations and Outcomes in Children With Stevens–Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: A Comparison With Adult Patients

To compare the clinical features and visual outcomes in children and adults with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Retrospective comparative case series. This retrospective study included 280 eyes of 140 patients (35 children and 105 adults) with SJS/TEN treated between 2010 and 2020. The primary outcome measures were the final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and severity of dry eye. The secondary outcome measure was the medical and surgical therapies used. Among 64 eyes of children recruited in the study, acute ocular involvement was found in 58 eyes (90.6%). The chronic score in pediatric patients was significantly higher than that in adult patients (P=.004). The use of antibiotics/nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and Mycoplasma infection were the more common etiologies in children. In all, 75% of eyes in children maintained a visual acuity of 20/40 or better at a mean follow-up time of 4.3 years. The severity of dryness was comparable between the child and adult groups. The proportion of eyes undergoing amniotic membrane and oral mucosa transplantation was significantly higher in children than in adults in the chronic stage, reflecting that children exhibit much more severe complications. Although pediatric SJS/TEN patients have more severe ocular complications than adults, most children maintain long-term good vision. Early intervention and aggressive treatment help to preserve vision.

The Relationship between Lean Practices and Organizational Performance: An Analysis of Operations Management in a Public Institution

Background: This study aims to analyze the relationship between lean practices and organizational performance in a public institution, specifically, a military organization. Methods: The research has a quantitative approach with a descriptive character, having as a sample the members of a military unit located in Rio Grande do Sul. A valid sample of 116 answered questionnaires was obtained. Data analysis was carried out through multivariate statistical treatment, known as Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), using the Smart-PLS software. Results: At the end of the study, it was possible to confirm the central hypothesis of the study and conclude that lean practices (waste elimination, continuous improvement, support and leadership, member involvement, education and training, long-term thinking, quality, and systemic vision) positively impact organizational performance. Together, these elements combine to engender organizational effectiveness and success, promoting more productivity, quality, profitability, and customer satisfaction, thus improving the organization’s performance. Conclusions: It is evident that the members of the military unit are committed to optimizing organizational performance, showing constant improvement in productivity, rarely committing errors, cost reduction in activities and works, high effectiveness in meeting goals, prioritizing cost reduction in the execution of activities, as well as achieving goals and objectives related to the services provided.

The intersectionality-based policy analysis framework: demonstrating utility through application to the pre-vaccine U.S. COVID-19 policy response.

Few guidelines exist for the development of socially responsible health policy, and frameworks that balance considerations of data, strategy, and equity are limited. The Intersectionality-Based Policy Analysis (IBPA) framework utilizes a structured questioning process to consider problems and policies, while applying guiding principles of equity, social justice, power, intersectionality, and diversity of knowledge and input. We apply the IBPA framework's guiding principles and questions to the pre-vaccine U.S. COVID-19 policy response. Results suggest the IBPA approach is a promising tool for integrating equity considerations in the development of policy solutions to urgent US public health challenges, including the COVID-19 pandemic. We found the IBPA framework particularly useful in differentiating between problems or policies and representations of problems or policies, and in considering the impacts of representations on different groups. The explicit inclusion of short-, medium- and long-term solutions is a reminder of the importance of holding a long-term vision of the equitable public health system we want while working towards immediate change.