Long-term Strategy Research Articles

Social Transition and Modernization of Eurasian Countries

Abstract Unlike political and economic transitions, the social transition of Eurasian countries exhibits a certain degree of passivity. Eurasian countries prioritize solving political and economic issues, with strict control over social aspects leading to a relatively delayed modernization of the social sector. The market-oriented economic transitions have resulted in a disparity in wealth among the populace, and political transformation has generated various conflicts and social divisions, which pose significant challenges to the simultaneously initiated social transformation. Currently, some Eurasian countries are still undergoing systemic reforms aimed at modernization, implemented as a long-term national strategy. The progress and prospects of these reforms depend on the interplay of multiple factors, and their future trajectory warrants continuous attention. The modernization of Eurasian countries is destined to follow a development path different from that of other countries, determined by their unique cultural traditions, social structures, and specific national conditions. Meanwhile, the social changes over more than 30 years of independence have profoundly altered the cultural and social characteristics of Eurasian countries. While preserving traditions, they need to incorporate valuable experiences from the modernization of other countries and seek development paths best suited to their own contexts.

Recruiting ahead of the curve: a case of EduGorilla

Learning outcomes At the end of this case discussion, the students should be able to analyze the challenges of Strategic Talent Management in the expansion phase of a tech startup; analyze the strategic elements of “Recruiting ahead of the curve”; interpret the application of different employment nodes in creating a differentiated human resource architecture, particularly in the context of an ed-tech startup; recommend Talent Management interventions for Edtech startups. Case overview/synopsis The protagonist in the case Mr. Rohit Manglik started his EdTech startup EduGorilla in year 2020 in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. His passion for transforming test preparation assistance for competitive examinations coupled with innovative AI and ML-driven testing portals has led to tremendous growth. He has received several rounds of funding, and the investor community is now expecting robust growth and returns. Manglik is now expanding in other states and has already started expanding in the Middle East to attain his ambitious growth targets. His current organization design, structure and talent management approach have worked so far, and he has managed to retain a productive workforce. To cater to its fast-growing client, base the company followed a novice hiring strategy where Manglik decided to overstaff his recruitment team to overcome the challenge of manpower deficit. He has been on a hiring spree primarily driven by anticipated projections. The operations team was hired primarily from the Tier II cities of Uttar Pradesh, which allowed him to balance cost and demand effectively. Manglik planned to expand into Tier-1 cities in India & Middle Eastern countries, but he wondered if his over-hiring approach to the recruitment team a tactic or a long-term strategy. The case will explore the talent management issues in the expansion phase of startups, particularly in the context of emerging markets. Will talent management and HR strategies have to be adapted in the context of different economies of emerging markets? The case explores the talent management strategies of an Edtech startup that is growing tremendously in an emerging market context. Hence, the case will augment the understanding of talent management approaches in a startup. Complexity academic level Postgraduate business management students enrolled in SHRM & Talent Management courses. Prior knowledge of the basic concepts of human resources is required for analyzing the case. The case can also be used in Management Development Programs for senior HR professionals and HR consultants. Supplementary material Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 6: Human Resource Management.

Long-term PS micro/nano-plastic exposure: Particle size effects on hepatopancreas injury in Parasesarma pictum

With the widespread use of plastic products, microplastics and nanoplastics have emerged as prevalent pollutants in coastal aquatic ecosystems. Parasesarma pictum, a common estuarine crab species, was selected as a model organism. P. pictum was exposed to polystyrene (PS) particles of sizes 80 nm (80PS), 500 nm (500PS), and 1000 nm (1000PS), as well as to clean seawater (CK) for 21 days. Histological and fluorescent staining results showed that PS particles of all three sizes induced hepatopancreatic nuclear pyknosis, cell junction damage, and necrosis. The degree of damage was observed as 1000PS > 80PS > 500PS. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that major differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were associated with cellular processes, membrane components, and catalytic activity. The respiratory chain disruptions and immune exhaustion induced by 1000PS were notably stronger than those by 80PS and 500PS. Additionally, necrosis caused hepatopancreas injury in P. pictum rather than apoptosis or autophagy after long-term PS particle exposure. Furthermore, PS particles of all three sizes inhibited innate immunity, while the complement pathway was not significantly affected in the 80PS group. This study elucidated potential distinctions in how plastic particles of varying sizes (nanoplastics, microplastics, and micro/nanoplastics) impact P. pictum, providing a reference for toxicological mechanism research on microplastics and nanoplastics in aquatic organisms. Future research should focus on exploring long-term effects and potential mitigation strategies for microplastics and nanoplastics of more types and a wider range of particle size pollution in aquatic environments.

Long-term tax strategy and corporate acquisition payment structure: An analysis based on the book-tax tradeoff theory

This study examines the relationship between corporate acquirers’ long-term tax strategy (i.e., past behavior) and their subsequent choice of an acquisition payment method (i.e., future behavior) based on a book-tax tradeoff analysis. We find that acquirers with a high (low) level of long-term tax avoidance are more likely to have cash (stock)-financed acquisitions. Political influence attenuates the significance of the above relationship. Among the acquirers who use cash-financed payment method, those who are less tax aggressive tend to include debt to finance their acquisitions, suggesting that debt and non-debt tax shields are substitutes for each other in acquisitions.

Peculiarities of Tourism Indtry Management in Territorial Communities of Zhytomyr Region

Today, the tourism industry not only plays a key role at the national level, but also has a significant impact on local economic development. The existence of dedicated tourism units in local governments allows for more efficient planning and resource allocation, avoiding potential obstacles that may arise when tourism is subordinated to other departments. The article shows that out of 66 territorial communities, 9 do not have a department responsible for developing proposals and measures for tourism development. Most of them are organized under the name of the Department of Education, Youth, Sport, Culture, and Tourism. This integrated approach, although covering different aspects of community life, strongly influences the allocation of resources, as there is a tendency to prioritize cultural initiatives over specific tourism development. This raises the question of whether this integration is the most effective way of stimulating growth in the tourism sector. The analysis of long-term community development strategies showed that 44 UTCs have a programme or a draft programme, and a further 9 have adopted tourism development programmes with an action plan. The successful development of tourism in a territorial community depends on both its resources and the status of its centre, which may be a village, town, or city. Finally, it is important to differentiate responsibility for tourism development, as the potential for tourism initiatives varies according to the size of the settlement. Accordingly, we have classified the territorial municipalities, resulting in the following distribution: the urban type (M) includes 12 municipalities with subtypes M1, M2, M3, M4, which were identified based on their regional or district importance. The settlement type (S) includes 22 municipalities with subtypes S1, S2, S3, in which the centres did not perform rayon functions before the decentralization reform. The rural municipality type (R) includes 32 municipalities and has 2 subtypes: R1, R2. Thus, in order to ensure sustainable growth and success in tourism, the authorities need to consider many factors for effective management.

Aquaculture as a dysfunctional system of action; Why does fish farming stagnate in Germany?

The development of aquaculture is a story of international success, but not in the EU. The present study investigates why the development of aquaculture is stalling or sometimes even follows a downward trend in some countries, using Germany as a case study. The EU framework for aquaculture policies has established a “twin logic” as a long-term strategy: Protection of the environment and economic growth. The present sociological approach uses qualitative data from group discussions with aquaculture stakeholders from industries, politics, regulation, environmental protection agencies, and NGOs. The stakeholders indicated that a small, fragmented sector without economic and political power on the one hand, and an overregulated, complex governance on the other hand are the main barriers to economic growth. Applying Parsons’ Action Frame of Reference, the article argues that the German stakeholders are not able to adopt the EU twin logic as a clear solution for overcoming the stagnation of aquaculture in Germany in practice. For the stakeholders, the twin logic results in confusing framework conditions in terms of societal expectations, values, norms, regulations, and their national implementation. The uncertainty is rooted in diametrically societal values and leads to conflicts at the individual level of stakeholders’ decision-making for investments. In consequence, the societal environment for aquaculture investment measures is uncertain. This exploration results in an empirical-grounded hypothesis, that aquaculture is a dysfunctional system of action.

Evaluating the radioactivity and health risks in oil and gas production areas: insights from Titas Gas Field, Bangladesh

ABSTRACT Conducting comprehensive studies of radioactivity and associated risk assessments in the oil and gas industry is crucial due to the potential accumulation of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials in production operations. This pioneering study investigates radioactivity levels in surface soil from the Titas Gas Field area in Bangladesh by a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector, a crucial resource of the nation’s energy infrastructure. In surface soil, the activity of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K varied from 18–41 Bq/kg, 28–62 Bq/kg, and 280–600 Bq/kg, respectively. Particularly, the levels of 232Th exceeded the global average value for soil. These elevated 232Th levels are likely attributed to a combination of natural geological processes of enriching thorium bearing minerals, geochemical processes favouring thorium retention and human activities selectively impacting these radionuclides. The estimated of radiological risk reveals that some indices exceed recommended limits, hence pose a concern for public health. The study recommends periodic monitoring, public awareness campaigns, remediation efforts, and long-term management strategies to protect environmental and public health. The findings of this research underscore the critical need to recognise and address radiological hazards associated with gas extraction activities to safeguard the health and safety of workers and nearby communities in Bangladesh.

Questioning Sustainable Environmental Policies and Practices in Indonesia: Would Durkheim’s Structural Functionalism Theory Have a Relevance?

Indonesia, as a signatory to the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement, is committed to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. These commitments, outlined in Law Number 16 of 2016, include limiting global temperature rise, setting Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) targets, and developing a long-term strategy for net zero emissions by 2050. To meet these obligations, the Indonesian government has introduced Carbon Economic Value (CEV) policies through Presidential Regulation Number 98 of 2021. These policies aim to reduce GHG emissions by implementing carbon pricing mechanisms such as carbon trading, levies, and performance-based payments. However, the implementation of CEV policies has faced various reactions, including criticism and resistance. Despite these challenges, it's imperative not to hinder the policy's implementation, given its potential to drive significant societal and lifestyle changes towards a greener future. This study analyzes Indonesia's progress in reducing GHG emissions through CEV policies. Using normative legal research and qualitative analysis, it explores the positive impacts of these policies, including their alignment with structural functionalism theory. The study highlights that the implementation of CEV policies as an effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Indonesia through carbon trading mechanisms, carbon taxes, and funding partnerships with developed countries aligns with structural functionalism theory according to Emile Durkheim. This is evidenced by the existence of a clear system (legal and governance) in implementing CEV policies, including regulators (Government), implementers (SOEs, private sector, and society), supervisors (UNFCCC), and program donors (World Bank, IMF), where each entity cooperates in an organized manner in accordance with the provisions of the Paris Agreement 2015 and Presidential Regulation 98 of 2021 continuously according to their respective tasks. This policy also brings about functional social change by promoting a harmonious balance to shift dependence away from fossil fuels towards more environmentally friendly Renewable Energy sources.

Transformation of Post-Soviet Russia’s Interests in the Asia-Pacific Region

The relevance of this study is due to the significant transformation of the system of international relations caused by the geopolitical transit from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. In the context of modern global changes and dynamic processes in the international arena, the study of the transformation of Russia’s interests in the Asia-Pacific region (APR) is becoming especially important. It provides an opportunity to predict future trends in international relations and develop specific recommendations for the development of Russia’s foreign policy strategy. In the context of worsening relations with the West and Russia’s turn to the East, this study allows us to better understand key trends in the region and develop strategic solutions to strengthen Russia’s geopolitical status in the Asia-Pacific region. In particular, it is important to take into account the economic, political and military aspects of Russia’s presence in this dynamically developing region. Thus, this study plays a key role in shaping Russia’s long-term foreign policy strategy and its adaptation to new geopolitical realities, not only in order to strengthen its position in the Asia-Pacific region, but also to respond more effectively to the challenges and opportunities arising from the transformation of the global system of international relations.

A Dynamic Analysis of Sustainable Economic Growth and FDI Inflow in Saudi Arabia Using ARDL Approach and VECM Technique

This study investigates the relationship between sustainable economic growth and foreign direct investment (FDI) in Saudi Arabia from 1980 to 2023. The ARDL approach and VECM technique are employed to analyze the short-run and long-run dynamics. The short-run results show mixed effects. Sustainable economic growth has a positive impact on current and one-period lagged FDI but a negative impact on the two periods lagged. Trade openness and infrastructure negatively affect FDI in the short run. Interestingly, oil rents and real economic growth also have negative short-run impacts on FDI, but these effects become positive with a longer lag. Long-run analysis reveals a negative relationship between trade openness, infrastructure, and oil rents with FDI, suggesting a potential crowding-out effect. Trade openness has a positive long-run impact on most variables, including sustainable growth, FDI, real growth, and CO2 emissions. Oil rents also have a positive long-run impact on these variables. This study finds six bidirectional causal relationships in the short run, primarily between trade openness, infrastructure, oil rents, and FDI. Unidirectional causality runs from oil rents, trade openness, exchange rate, sustainable growth, and real growth to FDI and infrastructure. Additionally, CO2 emissions cause FDI, and trade openness causes sustainable growth. While sustainable economic growth benefits FDI in the long run, short-term policies regarding trade openness and infrastructure require reevaluation. Oil revenue and real economic growth may initially deter FDI, but this reverses in the long term. To attract sustainable FDI, policymakers should focus on long-term economic growth strategies and consider reforms in trade and infrastructure policies. A comprehensive FDI strategy that moves beyond oil dependence and leverages trade openness is crucial to long-term economic diversification.

A pythagorean fuzzy approach to evaluate the challenges to implementing circular economy in the glass manufacturing industry: Implications for sustainable development

Glass is extensively used in both domestic and commercial settings and is recognized for its high recyclability and reusability. Organizations have been actively trying to adopt circular economy (CE) principles in various industrial sectors in recent years due to the increased global attention toward attaining sustainability. This study, therefore, proposes an integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) technique, combining the Pythagorean fuzzy (PF) theory with the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method to prioritize and analyze the interrelationships within the challenges affecting the adoption of CSC practices in the glass manufacturing industry in a growing economy like Bangladesh. The challenges were initially identified through a review of existing literature. Following expert validation, seventeen components were chosen for analysis using the PF-DEMATEL framework. The obtained results suggest that "lack of consumer awareness and drive for circular practices"," inadequate regulatory framework for waste management and environmental protection", and " limited market demand for remanufactured products" are the most important challenges affecting the adoption of CSC in the glass manufacturing industry with prominence value 7.872, 7.614, and 7.315, respectively. Furthermore, the primary contributing factor is the "lack of consumer awareness and drive for circular practices", followed by "inadequate waste collection fleet" and "limited market demand for remanufactured products", which have causal weights of 0.77, 0.464, and 0.353, respectively. The study's findings hold the prospect of assisting managers and policymakers in crafting long-term strategy and expenditure decisions aimed at enhancing sustainability and resilience in the glass manufacturing industry.

Immediate and Successful Management of Avulsed Teeth: A Case Reports

Avulsion and midroot fractures of teeth present significant challenges in dental trauma management. These case reports outlines the successful management of avulsed after a lapse of 2hrs in 1st case report and 24hrs in 2nd case report and midroot fractured tooth, focusing on immediate steps, long-term strategies, and clinical considerations. Midroot fractures often present with compromised structural integrity, necessitating stabilization and protection of the tooth to prevent further damage. Splinting techniques stabilize the tooth and promote healing of periodontal tissues. However, careful monitoring is crucial to assess for potential complications such as inflammatory root resorption and external root resorption. In both the cases extraoral root canal treatment was done for avulsed tooth and then reimplanted into the socket and stabilisation was done using splinting. Followup up was done at regular intervals of one and 3 months which showed no resorption or perapical changes, lack of clinical symptoms In conclusion, the management of avulsed and midroot fractured teeth requires long-term treatment strategies. Favorable outcomes can be achieved, preserving tooth function, and esthetics in patients with traumatic dental injuries.

Dioxin-like and estrogenic activity screening in fractionated sediments from a German catchment after the 2021 extreme flood

BackgroundThe flood in July 2021 is considered one of the largest flood disasters in Western Europe in decades, with massive socio-economic consequences. The potential emission and remobilization of anthropogenic pollutants can lead to additional environmental consequences, which need to be addressed in long-term mitigation strategies. The Inde River and its tributary, the Vichtbach River, form a catchment located at the transition from the low mountain ranges of the Eifel to the lowlands of the Lower Rhine Embayment in Germany. The area has been an industrial and mining hotspot for centuries, making it a high-risk area for flood sediment pollution. The present study provides an ecotoxicological screening of flood sediments of the Vicht–Inde catchment to gain an impression of the degree of contamination by organic pollutants by means of in vitro effect-based method. Sediment samples were collected within days after the flood and fractionated prior to biotesting, and supportive instrumental geochemical analysis was performed.ResultsFlood sediments did not reveal estrogenic potential, which was included in the testing strategy as a relevant endpoint for industrial chemicals and untreated wastewater. In contrast, moderate-to-high dioxin-like activity was observed in 70% of the sediment samples with a peak dioxin-like potential at the restored section of the Inde. Overall, four hotspot samples were identified as at risk, which aligned mostly with the high concentration of organic pollutants including PAHs and PCBs. The fractionation allowed the identification of PAHs and their derivates as the most likely toxicity drivers for dioxin-like activity in the sediments of the Vicht–Inde catchment.ConclusionThe results provide first information on the prioritization of hotspot locations at risk for a detailed ecotoxicological profiling and a post-flood monitoring of organic contamination. The identified sinks of contamination in the floodplain areas can be considered a source for remobilization of pollution in future flood events, which is highly relevant for the receiving Rur River.

A slope scaling heuristic for the multi-period strategic planning of carbon capture and storage

Around the world, efforts are currently underway to implement various decarbonization strategies to meet net-zero emissions objectives. This includes carbon capture and storage (CCS), which involves capturing CO2 at emitter sites, and transporting it to geological reservoirs, where it is to be injected underground for long-term storage. In this work, we focus on the multi-period strategic planning of a CCS value chain involving pipeline CO2 transportation. From an Operations Research standpoint, this problem exhibits the characteristics of combined facility location and network design. To account for multiple scenarios of input parameters (e.g. market and geological variability), this problem has to be solved hundreds or thousands of times. Thus, reaching high-quality solutions quickly is crucial. As commercial solvers struggle to provide high-quality solutions under these time constraints, we propose a slope scaling heuristic based on previous work on single-period CCS planning and network design. This new heuristic approximates the cost of design variables, generates upper bounds via dynamic programming, uses a long-term memory search strategy, and includes a final improvement phase where a restricted model is solved. Computational experiments show that the proposed heuristic generates better solutions than CPLEX for most instances considered, at a fraction of the computational time.

Evaluating 4G Network Performance at UTeM Campus to Facilitate 5G Implementation in Malaysia

As Malaysia transitions to 5G technology, evaluating 4G coverage performance is essential for preparing the groundwork for advanced networks. This project focuses on assessing the radio communication link performance of 4G systems at the University Technical Malaysia Malacca (UTeM) campus. The goal is to assist Mobile Broadband (MBB) service providers in developing efficient long-term strategies for Malaysian university campuses and enhancing 4G coverage. The study conducted measurement campaigns and real-time performance analysis using the G-Net Track app, recording key metrics such as minimum RSRP (-115 dBm off-peak, -117 dBm peak), RSRQ (-18 dB off-peak, -17 dB peak), and average SNR (11.178 dB off-peak, 11.003 dB peak). Signal quality varied with 25.3% excellent and 4.5% poor in normal weather, and 21.8% excellent and 5.8% poor in rainy conditions. Proximity to the base station showed the best RSRP of -68 dBm at 56m and the worst at -110 dBm around 915m away. The study concludes that mobile network operator (MNO) performance is influenced by traffic load, weather conditions, and distance from the base station. Understanding these dynamics can help MBB service providers enhance coverage, reliability, and overall user experience on university campuses and beyond. Future research considering additional KPIs and environmental factors will further enrich these insights, supporting robust network planning and management.

Habitat Suitability Modeling of Endemic Genus Chimonanthus in China under Climate Change

Climate change has significantly altered in the distribution of plant and animal species, potentially resulting in either species expansion or extinction. The genus Chimonanthus, an economically significant and endemic group in China, holds substantial medicinal and ornamental value; however, its wild resources are limited. There is a paucity of knowledge regarding the distribution characteristics of the genus Chimonanthus species and the critical ecological factors influencing habitat suitability. Utilizing species distribution data and environmental variables, we performed simulations and analyses to identify suitable habitats, evaluate the primary environmental factors influencing distribution, determine potential distribution areas and centroids, and predict changes in suitable areas under three future climate scenarios (SSP-126, SSP-245, SSP-585) employing MaxEnt and ArcGIS. These findings indicated that the Area Under Curve (AUC) values exceeded 0.97 for all five Chimonanthus species, suggesting that the model predictions are highly accurate. The primary environmental variables influencing the distribution of C. grammatus are temperature, particularly isothermality (BIO3), and the mean temperature of warmest quarter (BIO10). However, precipitation of warmest quarter (BIO18) was an important environmental factor limiting the distributions of C. praecox, C. nitens, C. salicifolius and C. zhejiangensis. In the current period, the area of habitat suitability for C. praecox is the largest, at 2,498,600 km2, while that for C. zhejiangensis is the smallest, at 700,400 km2. The five Chimonanthus species are distributed mainly in southern China under the current climate scenario and will migrate to higher latitudes under future climate scenarios. C. nitens had high niche overlap and range overlap with C. zhejiangensis and C. salicifolius, respectively. A similar situation occurs between C. zhejiangensis and C. salicifolius. These findings suggest that there may be strong interspecific competition among adjacent species. Our results indicate that the establishment of nature reserves at current distribution sites within optimal areas is crucial for the conservation of germplasm resources, particularly for C. grammatus and C. salicifolius. The data generated from this research can serve as a valuable reference for the selection of in situ conservation sites, the determination of appropriate planting locations, the scientific introduction of species, and the development of long-term conservation and management strategies for Chimonanthus.

Are farmer organizations effective intermediaries and facilitators of agricultural innovations processes? Evidence from Tunisia

Integration of productivity, resource management, and institutional innovations is crucial across different system levels. Traditional research and extension services face challenges in disseminating innovations effectively, leading to the emergence of the agricultural innovation system (AIS) approach. AIS involves collaboration among various stakeholders to improve the technological, managerial, and institutional aspects of agriculture. Intermediary actors play a pivotal role in facilitating innovation exchange and learning processes. In Tunisia, farmer organizations (FOs) such as Groupements de Développement Agricole (GDAs) and Sociétés Mutuelles de Services Agricoles (SMSAs) are key intermediaries. However, there is a lack of comprehensive assessments of FOs' innovation roles, which this study aims to address using the social network analysis (SNA) method. The findings aim to shed light on FOs' effectiveness as innovation intermediaries and identify potential challenges and benefits associated with their roles in innovation processes through the comparison of three farmers' groups divided by their membership status to detect the effect of FO presence or absence on innovation facilitation and actor's configuration. The studied sample involves 592 farmers from the Kef and Siliana governorates in northwestern Tunisia. The results show that FOs are playing a crucial role in facilitating collaboration and knowledge exchange among farmers and other agricultural actors. However, their effectiveness varies depending on membership status and is always contextually influenced. While FOs contribute to reshaping sales channels and optimizing access to services, they face limitations in promoting inclusivity and equitable knowledge sharing. The recommendations include strengthening FOs' social dimension, addressing trust barriers, and investing in reinforcement measures, especially in human capital, to enhance their functionality. Strengthening measures can take many forms, such as facilitating regulation and investing in capacity building. Long-term strategies should re-evaluate the effectiveness of collective action and focus on fostering a culture of shared learning and local empowerment.

Enhancing vitamin D levels in care homes: the role of healthy building design in preventing respiratory infections.

The recent article by Willcox etal. in the Journal of Public Health highlights the effectiveness of antiviral prophylaxis and high-dose vitamin D supplementation in reducing acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in care homes. This correspondence extends the discussion by emphasizing the critical role of healthy building design in enhancing vitamin D levels, which is vital for immune function and ARI prevention. Many care home residents suffer from vitamin D deficiency due to limited sunlight exposure. Incorporating architectural elements such as large windows, skylights, and outdoor spaces can significantly increase natural light exposure, thereby boosting vitamin D levels and potentially reducing ARI susceptibility. Despite the benefits of supplementation, addressing environmental factors through healthy building design offers a sustainable, long-term strategy that aligns with public health goals of preventive care and environmental sustainability. Prioritizing such design principles in care home planning and renovation can enhance residents' health and resilience against infections like influenza and COVID-19.

On the issue of legal support for long-term strategy in prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases in Russia.

On the issue of legal support for long-term strategy in prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases in Russia.

The Mpox outbreak is a public health emergency of international concern: Implications for mental health and global preparedness.

The Mpox, a zoonotic viral disease that has historically affected Central and West Africa, has been declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization. Rapid transmission and recent dissemination in Africa may imply significant challenges to global health, including mental health. We reviewed the mental health implications of the Mpox outbreak according to the published literature. We also discussed the psychological effects of the global spreading of this infection and public health preparedness strategies. Key areas of intervention may include the epidemiological surveillance, vaccine development, and mental health strategies. The Mpox outbreak calls for a robust global preparedness to address potential health emergencies. Strengthening epidemiological surveillance, ensuring equitable vaccine distribution, and building resilient public health infrastructure are crucial. Additionally, addressing mental health consequences may require immediate, intermediate, and long-term strategies, including telepsychiatry, stress management training, and the integration of mental health into primary care.