Long-term Employment Research Articles

Proposed Family Business Leadership Transition Strategy At Pt Sma

Effective leadership transitions are critical to the continuity and stability of family businesses, especially during generational shifts, which often bring significant challenges in conflict management. PT SMA, a family-owned food manufacturer, recently experienced a leadership change from the founder to a younger, less experienced leader. This transition caused conflict among stakeholders due to inadequate succession planning and differing perspectives across generations. This study examines strategies to address these conflicts and challenges at PT SMA. Key conflict points identified during leadership transitions include adjustments in leadership style and strategic vision, which can have a negative impact on organizational performance. This study proposes a structured approach to effective conflict management, emphasizing the development of a clear succession plan, facilitating conflict resolution, aligning organizational culture, and effective change management. By implementing these strategies, PT SMA aims to achieve a smoother transition, minimize conflict, and promote organizational stability. The findings will provide valuable insights for PT SMA and similar family businesses on the success of transition management and its impact on continued success. This study highlights the need to address challenges such as employee turnover and strategic disagreements, which can lead to dissatisfaction among long-term employees. Ultimately, effective conflict management is critical for new leaders to navigate these challenges and ensure a successful leadership transition. focus and advise on effective change management.

Human resource management – sustainable practices

In the modern knowledge economy, the human factor plays a key role in successful business development. At the same time, the turmoil in the global economy and the state of the planet make the idea of sustainable development increasingly prominent. In these conditions, the human factor plays a key role in the successful development of business. The current dynamic business environment requires new techniques for achieving competitive advantage. Human resources, one of the organizations' most valuable assets, must be managed to provide long-term economic benefits and increase employee satisfaction and engagement. Neglecting the human factor in the constant changes of the environment can lead to negative consequences for organizations, which requires sustainable human resource management (HRM) to become part of their overall management framework. The purpose of this article is to review the sustainable management of organizations and the role of the human factor, by presenting a specific combination of people management practices that contribute to improving sustainability, leading to improved long-term development of companies.Views on the significance and essence of sustainable human resource management are summarized.

Tracking the long-term outcomes of a supported employment internship programme for autistic adults without a learning disability

Supported employment initiatives with work experience (e.g. internships) can increase employment rates for autistic people. However, such initiatives (a) are often not evidence-based, (b) focus on quantitative outcomes such as employment rates and (c) examine group-level changes without considering individual variability. Considering the effects that (un)employment can have on autistic people's well-being, it is important to examine the wider impact of supported employment initiatives. This study evaluated the long-term employment and wider outcomes of autistic adults who engaged with a supported employment internship initiative at group and individual levels. Autistic adults without a learning disability ( N = 27, ‘interns’; Mage = 23.3) involved in internships across seven organisations, participated in the study. Interns reported on (a) employment-related characteristics, (b) daily living skills, (c) general self-efficacy, (d) quality of life and (e) mental health pre-internship at six and 12–24 months post-internship. The overall employment rate increased from 25.93% to 55.56% from pre- to 12–24 months post-internship, and income and number of hours worked also increased. There were improvements in daily living skills, but other wider outcome measures did not change significantly at a group level, despite individual variability. This evidence has important implications for supporting long-term outcomes for autistic people.

Long-term employment effects of the minimum wage in Germany: New data and estimators

We investigate the long-term effects of the introduction of the German minimum wage in 2015 and its subsequent increases on regional employment. Using comprehensive survey data, we are able to measure the regional bite of the minimum wage in 2014, just before its introduction, as well as in 2018, before it was raised substantially in several steps. The introduction mainly affected the labour market in East Germany, while the minimum wage increases increasingly affected low-wage regions in West Germany, with about one third of regions changing their (binary) treatment status between 2014 and 2018. We use different specifications and extensions of the canonical difference-in-differences approach, as well as a set of new estimators that allow unbiased effect estimation with a staggered treatment adoption and heterogeneous treatment effects. Our results show a small negative effect on total dependent employment of 0.5%, driven by a significant reduction in marginal employment of 2.4%. The extended specifications suggest additional effects of the minimum wage increases, as well as stronger negative effects for those regions that were strongly affected by the minimum wage in both periods.

교정공무원의 정신건강에 영향을 주는 요인에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to analyze the various factors affecting the mental health of correctional officials, and provide basic data to improve their mental health. We collected data from 430 correctional officials belonging to the S Metropolitan city, D Metropolitan city and G Metropolitan city regional correctional offices. A total of 426 data points were used for the final analysis, excluding 4 unfaithful responses. In order to find out the factors affecting the mental health of correctional officials, which are the dependent variables, we divided the independent variables into a demographic factor, drinking level, risk factors (job stress, post-traumatic stress disorder) and protective factors (self-esteem and resilience). As a data analysis method, we conducted hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS 28.0. The results are as follows. First, we found that hobbies and work experience, (both demographic factors), had a significant effect on the mental health of correctional officials. This effect was also observed at drinking level. Second, the effect of drinking level disappeared when risk and protective factors were added. Third, job stress and PTSD were negatively related to the mental health of correctional officials, while self-esteem and resilience was a positive influence. Finally, self-esteem was the most influential of all factors, followed by job stress, PTSD, and resilience. The results can be useful for understanding of mental health problems of correctional officals, and also developing policies and programs. Based on the results, we suggest encouraging hobby activities as a compensation for long-term employees, as well as supporting psychological counseling. In addition, we propose effective measures, such as establishing a support system for managing job stress and PTSD, as well as programs to strengthen self-esteem and resilience.

경찰관의 개인-환경적합성과 혁신행동에 관한 연구: 근무기간에 따른 차이를 중심으로

In today's rapidly changing environment, innovative behavior is an important driver of organizational success. Recently, the role of innovative behavior in police organizations has received considerable attention due to the increasing complexity of modern policing. Prior research has shown that employee tenure has a significant impact on engagement in innovative behavior, with long-term employees typically having a deeper understanding of their roles and organizational procedures and thus better able to implement feasible innovations. Conversely, newer employees can bring a fresh perspective but may lack the confidence or organizational knowledge needed to facilitate real change. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to verify whether the environmental fit of police officers makes a significant difference in their innovative behavior based on their tenure. Accordingly, a survey was conducted with the help of the Busan National Police Agency and an empirical analysis was conducted based on the survey data. The results showed that organizational fit (β=.190, p<.01), job fit (β=.450, p<.001), and supervisor fit ( β=.117, p<.05) all had a statistically significant positive effect on innovative behavior in the group with less than 10 years of service. Next, we looked at the 10+ year cohort. The analysis showed that only job fit (β=.542, p<.001) had a statistically significant positive effect on innovation behavior. In sum, there are specific differences in the impact of tenure on innovation behavior. Based on these findings, this study aims to contribute to a broader understanding of how police officers can improve their innovative behavior across career stages. The study also aims to make actionable policy recommendations to tailor police leadership strategies to enhance innovative behavior at all levels.

An Analysis of Employee Recruitment Process and Employee Retention Strategy at Kennametal India Limited, Bengaluru

An Analysis of Employee Recruitment Process and Employee Retention Strategy at Kennametal India Limited" investigates two critical components of human resource management: the recruitment process and employee retention policies. The major purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness of recruitment processes and investigate the elements that influence employee retention, while also establishing a link between effective hiring and long-term employee loyalty. The study uses a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and data analysis, to analyse various recruitment procedures, from candidate sourcing to onboarding, as well as retention measures such as remuneration, career progression prospects, and work-life balance. To analyse the research used a T- Test as a statistical tool. The research highlights strengths and flaws in current processes and makes actionable recommendations to improve recruitment and retention efforts. The findings are intended to add to Kennametal India Limited's human resource strategy, which are aligned with the company's aims of sustainable growth and employee engagement. Keywords: Employee Recruitment, Retention Strategy, Workforce Management, Talent Acquisition, Employee Engagement, Work-life balance

Employee Performance in Nepalese Banks: The Influence of Mergers and Acquisitions

Purpose: This study examines the impact of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) on employee outcomes in Nepalese commercial banks, focusing on key factors such as cultural integration, job stress, job security, and fairness in transfers and promotions. It further explores the role of operating efficiency after M&A in influencing employee performance. Methods/Design: The research utilizes a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to assess how these factors influence employee work outcomes during M&A transitions. Findings: The results reveal that effective cultural integration, management of job stress, and assurances of job security positively impact employee outcomes. Perceptions of fairness in transfers and promotions are also crucial in maintaining employee satisfaction and performance. Implications/Limitations: This study provides actionable insights for managing M&A transitions, emphasizing the importance of support systems for employee well-being. It addresses a gap in the literature by focusing on the human side of M&A in Nepalese banks, often overshadowed by financial aspects. However, the small sample size and potential employee response bias may limit the generalizability of the findings. The focus on commercial banks may also restrict the applicability to other sectors. Future research should include more industries and larger samples to better understand long-term employee outcomes post-M&A.

The return-to-work journey: experiences with communication and collaboration among employees and employers during long-term sick leave and return-to-work

Purpose To explore the experiences of long-term sick-listed employees and those of employers with communication and collaboration during sick leave and the return-to-work (RTW) process. Methods Previously long-term sick-listed employees (N = 9) and employers (N = 9) were interviewed about their experiences with communication and collaboration during sick leave and RTW. Thematic analysis, utilizing patient journey mapping was applied to analyze and map out their experiences. Results Three central themes emerged from the analysis: 1. Maintaining communication between employees and employers during early sick leave stages fostered trust and enabled discussions about RTW, lowering the barriers for engaging in RTW activities. 2. Organizing joint meetings involving employees, employers, and occupational health professionals (OHPs) helped align expectations and facilitated shared decision-making to navigate RTW. 3. Both employees and employers reported lacking knowledge of RTW legislation and feeling reliant on OHP guidance to navigate the RTW process. Conclusion Employees and employers underscored the need to be involved, supported, and well informed during the sick leave and RTW process. Both parties mentioned that early and ongoing communication, joint meetings with OHPs, and information on RTW legislation were important prerequisites.

Preparing Russians for Retirement from the Perspective of the Active Longevity Concept (Based on the Yaroslavl Region)

The article describes attitudes towards the choice of labour, financial, and health-preserving trajectories of Russians in preparation for retirement based on the results of the author's sociological study conducted using the method of personal interviews (n = 650). It is shown that in the context of demographic aging in Russia, there is a gradual shift away from understanding aging as a mutual alienation of an elderly person and society, and the elderly - exclusively as objects of care, towards considering the elderly as active participants in public life, in relation to whom the policy of active longevity is implemented. It involves a system of measures to promote employment of the elderly, maintain material well-being, improve health and quality of life, and learning throughout life. However, the index of active longevity in Russia remains low. The assertion is substantiated that the system of measures in line with the concept of active longevity policy has a proactive nature, that is, it is aimed at future generations of elderly people, rather than the current ones, and involves preparation for the period of aging, marked by retirement. Based on the data of the conducted sociological study, it is shown that the labour, financial and health-preserving trajectories of respondents who have not reached retirement age, regarding the preparation for the retirement in some ways are in line with the principles of active longevity, and in some ways, contradict them. At the same time, the main differences are observed between respondents under 46 years of age and pre-retirees. The respondents' orientation towards long-term employment, readiness for lifelong professional training, mastering non-traditional forms of employment (for example, readiness to work on Internet platforms), awareness of responsibility for ensuring their economic well-being in old age and the use of various strategies for this (professional-labour, savings, investment), the attitude towards giving up bad habits and maintaining physical activity (sports, physical education) create the basis for living out their aging by future pensioners in accordance with the principles of active longevity. There are also barriers that hinder the transformation of the aging model in the direction of following the principles of active longevity: the influence of objective factors of economic instability, a low level of financial literacy of the population, the lack of special financial planning skills in preparation for retirement, the lack of a culture of health care.

“The more we dive into life, the more this illness fades away and gets better”: A qualitative study on the competitive work experiences of people with serious mental illness (SMI)

Background Employment is widely recognized for its crucial role in fostering recovery, promoting wellness, and facilitating community integration among individuals diagnosed with serious mental illness (SMI), despite facing inherent challenges. However, there exists a notable gap in comprehending the nuanced experiences of individuals with SMI engaged in long-term competitive employment. Objective This study sought to explore the long-term working journeys and narratives of recovery among individuals with SMI. Methods Qualitative interviews conducted from August to October 2022 employed a phenomenological method, delving into the experiences of 8 participants to explore their interpretations and constructions of workplace encounters. Results Following the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), four overarching themes emerged: (1) personal recovery through employment, (2) navigating challenges related to employment, (3) developing future plans and objectives, and (4) suggestions for peers. Conclusion Based on the analysis, regular engagement in competitive employment emerges as a crucial component in the journey of recovery for individuals with SMI. The personal accounts of individuals underscore the significance of fostering a supportive environment to enable individuals with SMI to pursue and maintain employment opportunities. Moreover, the study shows that work plays a pivotal role in facilitating social inclusion, productivity, and enhanced social connections for individuals with SMI within society.

Long-term employment and health effects of active labor market programs

Active labor market programs (ALMPs) are widely used to speed up return to work among the unemployed. We examine their long-run effects on employment- and health-related outcomes for different target groups, arguing that ALMPs are associated with heterogeneous effects for different target groups and may even detrimentally influence the mental health for the most disadvantaged groups. To this end, we use evidence from randomized controlled trials conducted in Denmark in 2005-2008, in which treatment groups were exposed to intensified active labor market policies in the form of more frequent compulsory meetings with case workers and/or early activation and estimate effects over a period of 10 y. In line with expectations, we find that while ALMPs have the potential to increase labor market participation among resourceful clients even 10 after the original intervention, they have long-run negative effects on the mental health for the most disadvantaged groups among the unemployed. The negative effects are entirely driven by clients who already prior to the trial had mental health issues. These findings suggest that the effects of ALMPs are lasting, but at the same time greatly depend on how they fit with the resources of clients.

Education and employment outcomes in pediatric chronic kidney disease.

As outcomes and survival for children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have improved over the last 30years, there is an emerging need to characterize and understand later educational and employment outcomes across the spectrum of pediatric CKD severity-ranging from mild CKD to requirement for dialysis and kidney transplantation. Although large-scale research on the topic of long-term educational and employment outcomes in the pediatric CKD population is relatively scarce, the existing literature does support that children across the spectrum of CKD severity are at risk for education-related difficulties including chronic school absenteeism. These education-related difficulties are compounded by well-described neurocognitive deficits-particularly in the domain of executive functioning-that may potentially perpetuate the risk for academic underachievement. This is particularly concerning given that data from the general pediatric population suggest that childhood academic underachievement is associated with higher likelihood of un-/underemployment in adulthood. This review highlights what is known about educational and employment outcomes among persons with a history of childhood CKD, as well as suggestions for interventions to improve educational outcomes for this population.

Perspectives on registered nurse retention in nursing homes in Korea: A qualitative study

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the factors influencing registered nurses’ (RNs) intentions to remain employed in their current nursing homes (NHs). Methods: Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews with 10 RNs in five Korean NHs from May 1 to May 31, 2024, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: RNs in NHs reported that their intention to stay was influenced by “positive interactions with residents,” “cooperative relationships among staff,” and “stability from long-term employment.” Conversely, their intention to leave was influenced by “work burden from insufficient RNs,” “role conflict,” and “low salaries.” Conclusion: This study indicates that significant reforms in staffing regulations and compensation systems are required to retain RNs. Improving working conditions is crucial for healthcare systems to provide effective long-term care to older adults. These changes are essential to maintain the quality of long-term care services.

CAPACITY BUILDING IN JOB SUSTAINABILITY FOR PERMAI MEMBERS IN PULAU PINANG, MALAYSIA

This Community Service Program (PPM) aims to improve the self-actualization, competitiveness, and adaptability of Indonesian migrant workers in Malaysia, particularly members of the PERMAI organization in Penang. The challenges posed by regional labor competition, especially after the implementation of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), include low productivity, limited education, and insufficient skills among Indonesian workers. To address these issues, the program offers psychoeducation, training, and the introduction of new competencies such as digital literacy, sustainability-focused green skills, and an entrepreneurial mindset. These skills are designed to better prepare participants for the global job market, ensuring long-term employment sustainability and economic contribution. The program targets 50-100 PERMAI members from diverse professional backgrounds, including factory workers, lecturers, and data analysts. Through lectures, discussions, and interactive workshops, the initiative aims to boost self-efficacy in career and business planning while enhancing both hard and soft skills. The integration of digital competencies and environmental awareness aligns with global trends in sustainable work practices, contributing to the development of technology-driven and environmentally responsible workers. The anticipated outcomes include improved career planning, entrepreneurial development, and green job practices. The findings are expected to add theoretical value to sustainable human resource development and digital upskilling.

Sports poverty alleviation: concept and model innovation for the development of Chinese sports towns in the new Era.

In recent years, sports-themed towns have emerged as a key component in China's rural revitalization and poverty alleviation strategy, integrating sports, culture, tourism, and health industries to drive regional economic and social development. However, the literature often overlooks their long-term impact on social, cultural, and community development. Research aims to explore the concept of "sports poverty alleviation" and propose a new development model for sports towns in China, focusing on economic growth as well as social and cultural enhancement, public health, community integration. The study employs mixed methods, including documentary analysis and empirical research, to evaluate the effectiveness of various sports town models in poverty alleviation. Findings reveal that while these towns successfully boost short-term economic growth, especially through tourism and events, their sustainability is challenged by homogenization and a lack of competitiveness. Many towns fail to capitalize on local cultural and natural resources, and while they contribute to immediate economic benefits, they often lack long-term employment and integration strategies for local communities. Successful cases like the Mashan model demonstrate how integrating local resources and cultural identity with sports industries can lead to sustainable development and poverty alleviation. The research concludes that a more holistic approach to the development of sports towns in China is needed. Economic benefits should be complemented by a focus on social, cultural, and community development to ensure long-term success. The proposed innovative development models offer practical solutions to enhance the uniqueness and sustainability of sports towns, contributing to China's rural revitalization and poverty alleviation efforts.

A Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience (CURE) in Statistics: Enhancing Educational Outcomes and Promoting Access to Data-Driven Careers

Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) have been shown to help students gain research skills. Few studies, however, have evaluated the impact of CUREs on long-term educational and employment outcomes. This article examines postgraduation outcomes for students enrolling in introductory statistics delivered as a CURE compared with those taking a traditional mathematics-based introductory statistics course. Participating in the CURE was found to be associated with a higher likelihood of holding a job in which a primary responsibility was working with data, greater confidence in working with data, and a higher likelihood of earning more than $100K annually. This study suggests that CUREs may not only impart technical skills but also boost students’ self-efficacy in applying statistical methods and analyzing data.

Scoping review meets expert interviews: Key issues of multimodal programs for workplace health promotion in long-term care facilities - "We can't just run a standard program".

Long-term care facility employees' workload escalation intensifies negative risk for (nursing) staff health, residents, and the economy. Workplace health promotion (WHP) has emerged as a vital approach with positive impacts on employee well-being. This Scoping Review focuses on multimodal WHP programs in long-term care facilities, emphasizing barriers, facilitators, and the integration of complementary and integrative medicine (CIM). Following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a systematic search strategy from February to April 2023 in Medline (PubMed), EMBASE (Ovid), and CINAHL (EBSCOhost) yielded 506 hits. Findings were enriched through semi-structured expert interviews. All data were analyzed with a deductive-inductive qualitative content analysis. Eleven publications met inclusion criteria and eight experts were interviewed based on key topics of the included publications. The integration of the results showed that primary obstacles highlight structural challenges (time, finances, hierarchies) and team dynamics (lack of support, communication issues, low motivation), while effective communication, support from the management, and participatory engagement enhance program success. CIM approaches are not explicitly referenced as such, despite widespread use. An exclusive CIM-focus, with multimodal WHP programs for long-term care facilities is missing and should highlight the necessity of a multimethod approach intervention. While the need for further research about the specific topic of multimodal, CIM-based WHO programs in long-term care facilities - including cross-cultural and international comparisons - is apparent, an appropriate evaluation of complex interventions is challenging given the nature of multimodal WHP programs. A multi-method approach is therefore recommended as standard for further research in this area.

Critical review: The relationship between the implementation of a contract work system and employee job insecurity

The emergence of the implementation of the contract work system, makes employees feel insecure about the certainty of their long-term employment. This contract work system is implemented by companies to increase efficiency and responsiveness to market changes. However, this can cause job insecurity. The purpose of this study is to review previous research conducted on the topic of contract or flexible work system practices and job insecurity and another purpose is to analyze the relationship between contract or flexible work system practices and job insecurity. This study is descriptive and empirical data investigations linking contract or flexible work system practices and job insecurity have been conducted to understand the relationship between the two. The implementation of a contract or flexible work system makes employees experience higher levels of stress followed by prolonged anxiety related to their future careers. The implementation of the work system makes these employees have no job security in the long term. There are two suggestions in this research. First, the company must review the work system, taking into account the various impacts experienced by employees. Second, the government must implement a policy or law that can protect the rights of workers whose work system is contractual, such as establishing a work system and providing more appropriate compensation.

Brief communication participation in social activities of six individuals with advanced-stage hereditary motor sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement (HMSN-P)

The intractable neurological disease HMSN-P (hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy with proximal dominant involvement) includes four-limb paralysis and resembles amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although the long-term employment and social activities of individuals with severe neurological diseases have increased with improvements in medical/welfare services, those of individuals with HMSN-P have not been reported. We analyzed the long-term outcomes of six individuals with advanced-stage HMSN-P treated in 2018–2023; one exhibited proximal dominant quadriplegia in 2018 and was using an electric wheelchair with full assistance. He had continued to attend Sanshin concerts for 5 years and organized a music festival for the local handicapped population. The other patients similarly exhibited quadriplegia; three were using electric wheelchairs with full assistance, and two were using pushchairs. Four attended music festivals for the handicapped, and all have completed 20–35 years' continuous employment, attended public meetings about HMSN-P, and actively participated in the meetings' discussions.