Logistics Routing Research Articles

ARIMA time series based logistics route cargo volume forecasting research

ARIMA time series based logistics route cargo volume forecasting research

The state and dynamics of the intellectual infrastructure of technological development of industrial enterprises: methodological tools for assessing sustainability

The article presents the results of research in the field of formation of methods of organization of intellectual infrastructure of technological development of industrial enterprises, focused on methodological issues of measuring and assessing its sustainability. The relevance of the research is due to modern trends in the intellectualization of the economy under the influence of technological processes of digitalization, which determine the need for the formation of new infrastructure institutions necessary to solve modern problems of technological development in industry. As a result of this research stage, the structural characteristics and parameters that determine the state and dynamics of the intellectual infrastructure of technological development of industrial enterprises have been clarified, which allowed us to offer methodological tools for assessing the state of stability of the intellectual infrastructure and the prospects for its positive dynamics focused on the digital transformation of business processes of industrial production. Thus, as structural elements that determine the organizational level of the intellectual infrastructure of technological development of industrial enterprises, the following are defined: the level of material resources used in the production of products; the availability of logistics routes; the environmental impact of the results of resource processing, including the cost of disposal of residues; the state of fixed assets. The author’s approach to the assessment of the intellectual infrastructure of technological development of industrial enterprises has been developed, based on the identification of key elements of the studied infrastructure, classification of resource blocks, justification of indicators and factors of resource components that affect the stability of the intellectual infrastructure of technological development. This approach makes it possible to develop and improve methodological tools for analytical assessment of the organizational level of stability of the intellectual infrastructure of technological development, identifying trends in its dynamics, as well as controlling unacceptable deviations.

ЛОГИСТИКА ПАРАЛЛЕЛЬНОГО ИМПОРТА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ САНКЦИЙ

The article is devoted to analyzing the logistics of parallel imports, which has become one of the most relevant and popular ways of Russia's foreign trade activity in the current geopolitical situation, after the introduction of economic sanctions by Western countries in the spring of 2022. In the article, the author considers 4 types of schemes that allow participants in foreign economic activity to reduce logistics costs, and also analyzes the trade turnover and relations of the Russian Federation with the countries through which parallel imports are carried out, such as Turkey, China and India, as well as possible prospects for cooperation with them in the future. The author analyzes the mechanism of parallel imports in the automotive sector, thanks to which little-known Chinese brands began to appear on the Russian market. An actual logistics route in the scheme of parallel imports between Russia and India is the International North-South Transport Corridor (INSTC), which will reduce not only costs, but also the delivery time of goods. In conclusion, the author offers recommendations that can help not only strengthen the country's economy, but also develop relations with friendly states.

FUNCTIONING AND DEVELOPMENT OF POULTRY FARMING DURING MARTIAL LAW IN UKRAINE

The Russian invasion of Ukraine fundamentally changed the lives of Ukrainians, and also made significant adjustments to the work and development of poultry farming, which requires the study of issues related to the consistency of the vectors of development of the industry with public interests and determines the need to justify the further directions of the development of the industry, taking into account its state and the domestic situation and foreign markets. The purpose of the work is to establish the state of poultry farming in the conditions of martial law and outline the prospects for the development of poultry enterprises, taking into account the competitive environment in the domestic and foreign markets. The material for analytical research was published works in the specified direction; the methodological basis of the work is a systematic approach to uncovering the state of functioning of poultry enterprises based on methods of analysis and synthesis, scientific generalization. In connection with the military actions of the aggressor country, the poultry industry has undergone negative changes, which are manifested in the loss of production potential, the growth of risks in the actual absence of financial support and the significant deterioration of investment support. The analysis of the work of a number of poultry enterprises shows not only their activities in terms of production products for domestic and foreign markets, but also establishing the release of new types of products, cooperation with charitable foundations and organizations, export of products. The entry of Ukrainian poultry products into new export markets is an important tool for economic support of our producers during the war. Large domestic manufacturers must establish new logistics routes for exporting their products. The materials of the article are of practical value for poultry enterprises of various capacities for choosing ways and directions for further development and restoration of functioning.

Экономические перспективы разработки коксующегося угля в арктических регионах России

The Arctic regions of Russia are among the richest in the composition of both rare earth elements and fuel and energy resources, which are of great interest to the country’s economy. Coal has grown significantly in price in recent years and the demand for this raw material is growing annually. Moreover, many countries adhering to the carbon-neutral agenda and abandoning the coal industry have begun to return to this source of raw materials. The purpose of this work is to identify and study the economic prospects for the development of coking coal in the Arctic regions of Russia, as well as to analyze the potential for the implementation of logistics routes through the Northern Sea Route. The possibilities of selling coking coal are actively increasing in the East Asian region, where heavy industry is developing, and this type of coal is relevant and in demand for its properties and qualities. Russia competes for these markets, so strengthening the export base with Arctic deposits that have direct access to the Northern Sea Route is a competitive advantage. The scientific base of the work consists of Russian government sources, statistical databases, expert opinions and assessments, as well as a practical base for the development of potential and existing deposits.

Research on application of optimal particle swarm optimisation algorithm in logistics route improvement

Research on application of optimal particle swarm optimisation algorithm in logistics route improvement

ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ АГРОСЕКТОРУ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ КОМПАНІЇ «КЕРНЕЛ»)

The essence of the concept of "investment potential", its role and significance in the process of mobilizing internal and external resources for the successful functioning and development of the enterprise is determined. The key factors influencing the formation of the investment potential of enterprises in the agricultural sector of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law are revealed. Conducting activities in the conditions of war caused a decrease in capital investments by agricultural enterprises by 27% compared to 2021. Agricultural business suffered almost the largest losses among all sectors of the economy, which undoubtedly affected the ability to accumulate resources for investment activities. The peculiarities of the formation of investment potential are analyzed using the example of the Kernel company, which is the leading producer and largest exporter of sunflower oil in Ukraine. Based on the analysis of financial statements, it was established that in the 2022 fiscal year, the company suffered significant losses due to the inability to export products via usual logistics routes. It is noted that when forming investment potential, the company uses both internal resources (retained earnings) and external resources (loans and resources of external investors). In order to evaluate the investment potential of the company, the method of calculating the integral indicator was used and its comparison with the reference value was carried out. The calculation method is based on the application of various groups of financial condition assessment indicators. The obtained value of the calculated indicator for 2022 is significantly worse than the reference value (for 2021). The main reasons for this are significant risks and problems that prevent the normal functioning of the company, namely: logistical problems, loss of critical infrastructure, production stocks, deterioration of their quality parameters, credit risks and counterparty risks. Based on the application scoring analysis identified the main areas of risk minimization.

Fuzzy Entropy Based COPRAS Method in Determining the Investment Priorities of Logistics Centers in Survey and Planning Stage in Turkey

Logistics center is logistics regions that are connected to all kinds of transportation networks, have low-cost, fast, and safe transfer equipment between different transportation modes, and have a direct impact on the country's economy and operational efficiency. Since Turkey is geographically located on logistics routes, the establishment of logistics centers is important in terms of economic development. However, the establishment of logistics centers requires serious costs, and the return of costs takes a long time. In this respect, it is necessary to determine the investment priority of the regions that are candidates for establishing a logistics center. Considering the costs of establishing a logistics center, it is significant to research which logistics center investment priority will be given. In this study, the fuzzy entropy based COPRAS method was used to determine the order of investment priority, considering 5 logistics centers in the survey and planning stage of TSR, and 17 criteria. According to the results, the first four most important criteria in logistics center investment priority are proximity to the port, foreign trade potential, number of transport modes, and proximity to the railway. The investment priority order of logistics centers is Istanbul/Yeşilbayır, İzmir/Çandarlı, Mardin, Zonguldak/Filyos and Şırnak/Habur.

ANALYSIS OF TRENDS IN THE RELEVANT MARKET ON THE APPLIED MARKET OF EGGS AND EGG PRODUCTS ON THE BASIS OF SIMULATION MODELING

ANALYSIS OF TRENDS IN THE RELEVANT MARKET ON THE APPLIED MARKET OF EGGS AND EGG PRODUCTS ON THE BASIS OF SIMULATION MODELING

Conceptual foundations of the economic security of a regional integration association

The problem of ensuring the economic security of the state in modern geo-economic realities is becoming an increasingly important issue. The rupture of foreign trade relations, the search for reliable trading partners, as well as building new logistics routes create challenges for the economic security system not only of the Russian Federation, but of the entire Eurasian Economic Union. Despite the fact that the fundamental basis of regional integration may be political interests, it is the positive economic effects that are the key to the long-term successful development of economic integration that can withstand emerging threats. In this article, based on a systematic approach, the essence of the concept of “economic security of a regional integration association” is proposed. Based on the analysis of theoretical approaches to understanding economic security and international economic integration, the features of the economic security of international integration entities are highlighted. The conceptual apparatus is defined - an object, a subject, interests and threats, security measures and a system for assessing regional economic security. It was revealed that the area of economic interests of a regional integration association is less than the area of economic interests of the state, and the area of threats of a regional integration association, on the contrary, is greater than the area of threats of a member state included in the association. It has been determined that the economic security of a regional integration association is a dynamic characteristic of the state of the key elements of the economic systems of the member states of a regional integration association in terms of their ability to withstand emerging external and internal threats and fully perform their functions. At the same time, the basis for ensuring the economic security of an integration association is the formation of a system of convergence of industries of states with a similar level of socio-economic development based on the application of supranational regulation measures in conditions of inclusion in world economic relations.

Adaptation of business entities in the agrarian sector of the economy to activities in wartime conditions

The need for business entities to exit from an extreme state activates the development of processes of adaptation of business entities to functioning in wartime conditions. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological principles, socio-economic and legal problems of adaptation of business structures to activities in extreme conditions. System analysis and institutional economic theory served as the methodological basis of the research. Normative, graphic, abstract-logical methods and approaches to summarizing the results were used. Prospects for the development of entrepreneurship have been determined. It was established that during the period of economic recovery, issues of material and technical and financial support of production facilities and logistics routes will be problematic. The economic difficulties of large corporate structures are revealed (destruction of assets, disruption of logistics connections, blocking of sales markets). The essence of adaptation of business entities to activities in the conditions of armed conflict, functioning in wartime conditions, and integration-cooperative structures from the point of view of systemicity is substantiated. The concept of “adaptation” of business entities is clarified as a process of development and application of strategies for reflection by the enterprise and its structures of the effects of the consequences of the war in the management decision-making system to ensure competitiveness and efficiency of functioning. It was established that the adaptation of business entities to risk conditions in the post-war period will contribute to the development of integration structures (cooperatives, simple societies, cluster associations), the growth of independence in determining the programs of their economic activity, ensuring the interest of peasants as commodity producers with the rights of formal bearers of entrepreneurial status to meet their economic and social needs. It was found that the most adapted to the crisis conditions associated with military operations are farms and private peasant farms. The results of the study can be taken into account when developing programs for determining the priorities of the development of agrarian entrepreneurship subjects, in particular, integration-cooperative structures; development of regulatory and legal acts for the formation and development of cooperation and integration in the agrarian sphere of the economy

State, competiiveness and prospects of supply chains development in Ukraine context of European integration asprations

The state and peculiarities of the operation of supply chains in Ukraine under the conditions of martial law are considered. The fundamental impact of the Russian Federation's war in Ukraine on the current state of the domestic logistics infrastructure and on the Logistics Performance Index (LPI), the value of which is significantly related to the global competitiveness of the country, is characterized. Based on the results of the research of colleagues from the National University "Lviv Polytechnic" called "Logistics landscape-2022+", in which the authors of this article took an expert part in July-August 2022, presents the author's vision of the key factors that have affected supply chains, their modern state and development, the main characteristics of the current state of supply chains and logistics infrastructure in Ukraine and events that have radically affected their current state over the past almost three years are given. The study of the military operations impacts in Ukraine on the domestic logistics industry and, accordingly, on the competitiveness of supply chains integrated with the international space is characterized. The authors have determined their own vision of priorities in the management of supply chains in modern conditions in Ukraine, based on seven characteristics (criteria) of the supply chain proposed in the study "Logistics landscape-2022+". The characteristics of supply chains that according to the authors received the first three advantages are: 1) safety, 2) reliability, 3) flexibility of supply chains. It is emphasized that the mechanisms, tools, methodology, technologies, strategies for managing supply chains in conditions of disruptions / restoration of logistics should be based on digitalization of management of logistics business processes. It is proposed to pay special attention to the introduction of a procedural approach to managing the competitiveness of the logistics business. Conceptually, three interrelated blocks of indicators are proposed, their systematic assessment will allow to monitor and control the progress of operational, management and supporting business processes in supply chains. In the context of Ukraine's European integration steps, the advantages and problematic issues of including Ukrainian logistics routes in the Trans-European Transport Network TEN-T (Trans-European Transport Network) - a network of highways, railways, airports and waterways in the European Union, are considered. The authors hypothetically expressed the opinion that there is a close relationship between the position of Ukraine in the World Competitiveness Ranking and the state of its logistics infrastructure, taking into account the fact that the determining factors of competitiveness according to the results of 2021 were: level of innovations, digitalization, supportive policies and social cohesion. The authors see a retrospective analysis of the cause-and-effect relationships of the pre-war state and functioning of the Ukrainian logistics industry and forecasting its development in the perspective of European integration in post-war times as directions for further research.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКИХ ПРИОРИТЕТОВ РАЗВИТИЯ ТРАНСПОРТНЫХ КАРКАСОВ ПРИГРАНИЧНЫХ РЕГИОНОВ ПОД ВЛИЯНИЕМ ГЕОПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ И ГЕОЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ

It is stated that, despite the long history of establishing long-term agreements and building transport routes between Europe and Russia, their prospects will decrease in the current unprecedented sanctions conditions, including due to the reorientation of international cargo flows to Asian countries and the replacement of many imported components with those produced in Russia. The purpose of the work is to assess and justify the need to transform the priorities for the development of transport frameworks in Russian regions that border Europe in new geopolitical and geo-economic conditions. The results of the study on the territory of the North-Western Federal District, the share of exports in some regions of which reaches more than 40% of the gross regional product, led to the conclusion that the ongoing changes will affect the prospects for the development of transport frameworks in a number of regions of the district. To the greatest extent, the processes of redirecting the transportation of manufactured products from the European direction to the domestic or Asian direction will affect such border regions as the Murmansk, Leningrad, Pskov regions and the Republic of Karelia. An analysis of the current development strategies of the listed regions showed that their plans do not contain a sufficient amount of measures and decisions aimed at the necessary transformation of traffic flows in the current conditions. In the strategic documents of the Murmansk region, emphasis is placed on creating a service core of international maritime transport on the basis of the Murmansk transport hub, but clearly little attention is paid to the formation of transport and logistics routes connecting the region with other regions of Russia. An analysis of the strategy of the Republic of Karelia showed that the projects for the development of transport infrastructure within the framework of international transport corridors are more developed in comparison with the all-Russian directions. Significant attention in the strategy of the Leningrad Region is paid to the development of passenger traffic and participation in federal transport projects without regional initiatives, which, however, should not prevent the region from providing new interregional transport flows if it is necessary to reorient export deliveries. The development strategy of the Pskov region is mainly aimed at the development of a transport and logistics infrastructure that ensures the growth of foreign trade flows and passenger traffic, paying insufficient attention to the establishment of domestic transport corridors. Thus, the ongoing geopolitical and geo-economic changes will entail the transformation of the transport framework both throughout the country and regions, which will certainly affect the spatial development of territories, and should become an obligatory subject of consideration in new interdisciplinary studies.

Public charging station localization and route planning of electric vehicles considering the operational strategy: A bi-level optimizing approach

• A two-phase heuristic approach combining a two-layer genetic algorithm and simulated annealing is presented. • A case study is carried out using data from a large city in China. • The proposed method provides could reduce the total delivery cost by 15%. In recent years, electric vehicles (EVs) have increased considerably in the logistics sector with the implementation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission regulations. However, the driving range of EVs is limited by the battery capacity compared to combustion engine vehicles. This study proposes a public charging infrastructure localization and route planning strategy for logistics companies based on a bilevel program. A two-phase heuristic approach combining a two-layer genetic algorithm (TLGA) and simulated annealing (SA) is presented to solve the problem. The hybrid method uses TLGA to derive the optimal routing and charging plan and the SA descent algorithm is used to select the charging station (CS) locations. The proposed method is tested and compared to meta-heuristics using benchmark instances with charging stations. A case study is carried out using data from Chengdu, a major city in southwest China, to simulate the charging demand of public charging infrastructures. The proposed method provides more feasible allocations for public CSs and route planning, which could reduce the total delivery cost by 15%. This study demonstrates the potential of a bilevel optimizing approach to provide an optimized solution in citywide CS location selection and logistics routing problems.

Konkurentnost tržišta novih teških gospodarskih vozila – slučaj Slovenije

Globalization has had its established dynamics for many years. The world markets became more and more integrated, the availability of goods and security of supply was very high. However, the year 2020 and the COVID-19 crisis, followed by the war in Ukraine, showed the great vulnerability of the global economy and its dependence on established logistics routes. Price competitiveness of goods and services for the entire range of products is no longer the primary goal, but the key factor is ensuring security of supply. In such conditions, the market of new heavy commercial vehicles, which enables the smooth flow of goods between the economies of different countries, is under special attention.

Logistics Path Decision Optimization Method of Fresh Product Export Cold Chain Considering Transportation Risk.

The cold chain logistics route of fresh product export is characterized by large quantity and complexity, which is prone to cause transportation risks of different degrees in the process of fresh product export transportation and affects the decision-making effect of the cold chain logistics route. Therefore, in order to improve the ability of cold chain logistics route planning and shorten the transportation time, an optimization method of fresh product export cold chain logistics route decision considering transportation risk was proposed. This paper analyzes the basic characteristics and classification of cold chain logistics by means of risk quantification and uses the K-nearest neighbor algorithm to predict the risk of traffic congestion, so as to shorten the transportation time. Ahp process is used to construct a risk factor judgment matrix and determine the index weight of risk factors, so as to reduce the error of path planning. A genetic algorithm is introduced to construct the optimal decision function of the cold chain logistics route of new product export and realize the optimization of cold chain logistics route decision of fresh product export. Experimental results show that the method presented in this paper can effectively improve the decision-making effect of cold chain logistics route and select the shortest and most smooth transportation path to complete logistics distribution. The decision-making accuracy of the route decision effect is 90%, and the transportation time is 31.45 min, which has certain feasibility and applicability.

Arctic Development in Connection with the Northern Sea Route: A Review of Ecological Risks and Ways to Avoid Them

The unprecedented melting of Arctic ice provides new opportunities for shipping by decreasing the distance for commercial traffic between Asia and Europe by up to 40%. However, its development is associated with inevitable problems caused by the vulnerability of polar ecosystems. As research methods, we have chosen system and comparative analyses of open sources; national development strategies of the Russian Federation (primarily), China, Northern Europe, and the USA (partially); and scientific articles from the Scopus and Elibrary databases. As a result, we have identified the reasons for possible risk situations for the Arctic region’s sustainable development: mining on the shelf, oil and oil product spills during the transportation of goods and fishing activities, etc. Black carbon (soot) emitted from using marine diesel fuel is the main atmospheric air pollutant. In addition, actively developing infrastructure (ports and new industrial zones) also has a negative anthropogenic impact on the environment. Within the framework of an ecosystem approach, we studied ways to prevent risky situations when planning logistics routes using the Northern Sea Route. We concluded about the need to expand the icebreaker fleet. We proposed a conceptual model of the risk management system based on the monitoring of the key indicators’ system. We identified possible types of risks according to the place of their occurrence and according to the stages of the life cycle of such systems. Furthermore, we provided the steps of the risk management system and an example of the application of a “bow-tie” diagram—a qualitative method for assessing the risk of “collision”.

Agrarian legislation of Ukraine during period of martial law: trends and prospects for development

The article examines the main directions of development of agricultural legislation of Ukraine at the beginning of martial law and ways to improve it. It is noted that during the martial law the main directions of agricultural policy and development of agricultural legislation of Ukraine were providing loans to agricultural producers under state guarantees, establishing logistics routes for the sale of agricultural products and maximum simplification of documentation related to food exports and imports of critical imports of commodities for farms rural areas. It is proved that under the martial law the state played an active role in overcoming the crisis in the agricultural sector, taking emergency measures to support agricultural producers and deregulate the legal regulation of agricultural relations through bylaws, which provided a rapid positive effect. In general, the Government has abolished the requirements for obtaining licenses and permits for most of these activities: instead of 600, 50 remain in force. It is very important that the state has not started «dismantling» market legal regulations and replacing them with administrative influence on participants in agrarian relations.At the same time, Ukraine is taking measures at the legislative level to deregulate agrarian relations, which are designed for both the martial law and the postwar period. Thus, on May 12, 2022, the Verkhovna Rada adopted the Law of Ukraine «On Amendments to Certain Laws of Ukraine on Uninterrupted Production and Supply of Agricultural Products during Martial Law», which enshrines those measures of deregulation of economic activity of agricultural producers that proved to be effective. Obviously, national legislation will soon be «supplemented» by other legislative acts of the same direction. The conclusion is substantiated that the development of agrarian legislation of Ukraine in martial law necessitated the development of a new agricultural policy and the formation of its legal framework, in particular: legal incentives for the creation and operation of micro and small agricultural producers, especially farms, which in extreme conditions proved more sustainable, able to adapt to new conditions; legislative support for the reorientation of production and export of raw agricultural products to the supply of finished food products with high added value; development of legal support for land irrigation on the basis of modernization of reclamation systems; initiating the conclusion of an international agreement on guarantees of food security in the world, which would give Ukraine and other food- exporting countries the legal status of guarantors of food security in the world. Key words: agrarian policy, agrarian legislation, deregulation, food security.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭКСПОРТНЫХ СТРАТЕГИЙ КОМПАНИЙ СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДА В УСЛОВИЯХ САНКЦИЙ И ПРОТЕКЦИОНИЗМА

. In the current situation of restrictions imposed on the Russian Federation by unfriendly countries, export-oriented Russian companies face new challenges, which consist in finding new export markets and buyers in friendly countries, solving problems with international settlements and building new logistics routes. Now the improvement of existing and the development of new measures of support and protectionism, developed by the Government of the Russian Federation and implemented by the Russian Export Center – the federal institution for the development of non-resource non-energy exports, comes to the first place and have very important role. The article examines the current export strategies of companies in the North-West region in the current conditions, as well as government support measures to enter foreign markets and search for potential buyers abroad. The authors pay special attention to the main instruments of protectionism and protection of the interests of Russian exporters.

The logistics route of a CNGV distribution station and operation simulation: SRM Bucharest refueling station

This article aims to simulate natural gas vehicle (NGVs) refueling station located in Bucharest, which includes an on-board cylinder, reservoir tanks, connecting pipes, and a reciprocating compressor using thermodynamic analysis. Tanks’ pressures during the filling process were changed: 180-200, 200-220, and 220-235 bar for low, average and high pressure respectively. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses were implemented to study changing the cylinder initial pressure and the influence of vehicles’ number alteration. The simulation result for mass flow rate is close to the experimental measurements. Additionally, the higher the initial pressure inside vehicle tank, the lower mass delivered and the shorter loading time. Finally, this study helps the government to increase the environmentally friendly fuel in the local market.