Logical Judgment Research Articles

An efficient mechanical metamaterial component with alternating Poisson's ratios and opposite orthogonal behaviors

In some extreme environments, mechanical metamaterials can be actuated by mechanical actuating instead of electronic controls to realize functions such as mechanical signal output, logic gate operations, or other self-decision functions. This paper proposes a three-dimensional mechanical metamaterial with alternating Poisson's ratios and opposite orthogonal behaviors (AOPR metamaterials). The alternating Poisson's ratios enable AOPRs to complete the alternating action under only one-time unidirectional actuating action. The orthogonal opposite behaviors enable AOPRs to simultaneously perform signal output in two directions and binary logic control. These two unique properties greatly enrich mechanical metamaterials’ information expression ability and logical judgment ability. Using AOPRs as mechanical components can significantly reduce the temporal and spatial consumption required to complete logic operations or control functions. We expect to provide a mechanical component design strategy for helping mechanical computers and automatic controllers reduce the structural volume and improve the operational speed.

Assessment of a Socio-Cultural Product Quality

Introduction. Every day, the vast majority of society members are active consumers of various types of socio-cultural products. This gives a significant impetus to the more progressive development of the socio-cultural sphere and the need to improve the quality of its products. The question of how exactly to measure and analyze the consumer's perception of the quality of a certain socio-cultural product is relevant. To understand how a consumer evaluates the quality of a certain socio-cultural product, first of all, it is necessary to discover how he builds his own logical judgments about this product. Purpose and methods. The purpose of the article is to study the characteristics that determine consumers' conclusions about the quality of a socio-cultural product, regardless of whether they do it directly or indirectly. The research methodology consists of the application of system-functional and system-structural analysis as the theoretical basis of this study, which precisely allows the revealing of the relationship between these characteristics. Results. Determining the causal structure of the conceptual representation of a socio-cultural product – a park of culture and recreation, making it possible to reveal a clear relationship between the nature of the property, its causal status, accessibility for understanding, and its significance. The nature of the property determines its place in the system of relationships. Structural properties have the obvious status of a cause, procedural properties determine the obvious status of an effect, and an impression is an impression and a point of convergence of several relationships. Conclusions. The presented research results convincingly prove the applicability of theoretically grounded casual models of socio-cultural analysis both at the level of fundamental research and in applied fields.

Faster identification of redundant security constraints in SCUC

One of the main reasons why it has long been difficult to solve the security-constrained unit commitment (SCUC) problem is that there are a large number of security constraints in SCUC such as transmission constraints in the base case and N-1 criterion constraints, and adding all of them to the model will make the solution of the problem very challenging. Related research shows that most of these security constraints are redundant for solving SCUC, so identifying and eliminating most of the redundant security constraints in the model will greatly improve the speed of solving SCUC. In this paper, a fast and efficient algorithm is proposed for identifying redundant security constraints in SCUC. The proposed algorithm introduces parameters in the basic transmission constraints to additionally limit the transmission capacity. In the N-1 constraints based on Line Outage Distribution Factor (LODF), more redundant constraints are identified and removed in the model by comparing the upper limit of transmission line capacity with the maximum transmission power flow that may occur in the line when the system is running. More importantly, the proposed algorithm does not need to solve additional auxiliary optimization problems or iteratively solve multiple models, and only needs to identify a large number of redundant security constraints through a quick calculation and logical judgment in the early stage of model establishment. It has been tested on the IEEE 30-bus system and the IEEE 118-bus system. The numerical experimental results show that the algorithm can identify 98.52% and 99.3% of redundant security constraints, and the computational speed is 1.63 times and 17.85 times of the full model, respectively. Compared with other methods in the literature, it has more advantages in computational efficiency.

ConditionSenseNet: A Deep Interpolatory ConvNet for Bearing Intelligent Diagnosis Under Variational Working Conditions

Deep learning, with its ability of feature mining and logical judgement, has been widely studied in industrial intelligent diagnosis, including bearing fault diagnosis. However, an explicable and representable expression of deep learning architecture for the variational working conditions has been rarely discussed while it is known that vibration features from bearings are seriously influenced by variational working conditions. In this article, a deep interpolation ConvNet (DICN) architecture with three special layers, consisting of multiple sub-ConvNet units, weight unit, and fusion unit, is presented with the basic deep ConvNet architecture. Different from the traditional network, the first sub-ConvNet extracts the fault features under different working conditions, while the corresponding condition weight unit is learned from a working condition identification task. With the principle of interpolation theory, fusion unit is employed to achieve a sound fault feature representation under unknown working condition, which is named as ConditionSenseNet (CSN). This CSN architecture provides a way to dynamically express the crucial features hidden in the samples with the influence of working conditions suppressed, especially the variational working factors will be interpolated in this nonlinear fitting model. Additionally, three experimental studies are tested to verify the effectiveness of the proposed DICN method for bearing intelligent diagnosis under variational working conditions. The results and comparisons with other seven deep learning models show the proposed method shows outstanding robustness and higher accuracy where the accuracy of DICN is higher than the one of convolution neural network by more than 9% even if the working condition is variational.

GIS-based landslide susceptibility zonation and risk assessment in complex landscape: A case of Beshilo watershed, northern Ethiopia

Landslides necessitate comprehensive prediction of susceptible zones for timely intervention to mitigate any disaster. Present study at Beshilo-watershed in Amhara Regional State of Ethiopia was attempted to prepare landslide susceptibility zonation (LSZ) map and to carry out risk assessment. GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis was adopted by considering factors; land-use/land-cover, slope, elevation, aspect, drainage-density, rainfall, lithology, lineament/fault density, soil depth, and texture. Factor weights were determined through Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the factor classes rating were assigned through logical judgment. Landslide susceptibility indices were determined based on a continuous numerical scale developed for this purpose. Very high and high susceptibility zones were found to spread in 1215.28 km2 and 2279.87 km2, respectively in the eastern and north-eastern parts that are characterized by high lineament/fault density, barren lands, shrubs, bushes, grassland, or croplands mostly having unconsolidated soils with shallow depth. The Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve showed acceptable results. Further, risk assessment indicated that populations in high to very high-risk zones need timely attention of the local authorities to avert any unwanted happenings.

Psychoanalysis of the Kazakh mythical story «Umai»

An important place in the scientific environment is occupied by the analysis of mythical legends, stories of the world and separate nations as a text. Mythical works leading to a worldview direction are especially not ignored by either a researcher or a reader.In this regard, the authors of the article sought to create and present to the reader their quotations related to the text and surroundings. The core of the research article is a folk legend-story, including the Kazakh mythical legend-tale «Umai».Accordingly, the applicant authors consider the legend as a text, and then its scientific differentiation. In particular, the Kazakh mythical legend presents its results and conclusions in the form of determining the type of text of the tale «Umai», analyzing the semantic core using a table and a study using a psychotraumatic approach in setting up the text of Vadim Rudnev.At the same time, the authors consider this topic experimental and monitor what results and conclusions it will lead to. Because the static formulation of Vadim Rudnev’s text consists of seven articles, and they can be comprehensively used for the analysis and differentiation (synthesis) of the text. And in the scientific article, one of the articles of the wording of the text is considered separately, namely: 3) there is nothing accidental in the text (psychotrauma).The construction of an algorithmic program must not violate the seven articles of the textual formulation proposed by V. Rudnev. However, the article will be presented to what result personal consideration of the third article can lead to. At the same time, taking into account that the mechanism of analysis or the legitimacy of analysis have a negative impact on logical judgment, it may be advisable to conduct a private analysis of the third article.

Ramp Climbing Electric Car Based on MSP430F5529

The system uses MSP430F5529 as the control core, TPS63070 and TPS61088 as the voltage boost and step-down modules, and the black-and-white squares of the track are detected by the grayscale sensor to complete the tracking. The system is divided into 2 parts: software and hardware. The hardware part of the system includes 5 parts: motion chassis, MSP430F5529 MCU, power supply module, sensor module and motor-driven module. The software part makes logical judgments by collecting the digital signal returned by the grayscale sensor, obtains the deviation through weight comparison, and then GPIO outputs the corresponding PWM wave to control the direction of the car.

Development and Validation of an Automatic System for Intracerebral Hemorrhage Medical Text Recognition and Treatment Plan Output.

The main purpose of the study was to explore a reliable way to automatically handle emergency cases, such as intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Therefore, an artificial intelligence (AI) system, named, H-system, was designed to automatically recognize medical text data of ICH patients and output the treatment plan. Furthermore, the efficiency and reliability of the H-system were tested and analyzed. The H-system, which is mainly based on a pretrained language model Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and an expert module for logical judgment of extracted entities, was designed and founded by the neurosurgeon and AI experts together. All emergency medical text data were from the neurosurgery emergency electronic medical record database (N-eEMRD) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, and Chongqing First People’s Hospital, and the treatment plans of these ICH cases were divided into two types. A total of 1,000 simulated ICH cases were randomly selected as training and validation sets. After training and validating on simulated cases, real cases from three medical centers were provided to test the efficiency of the H-system. Doctors with 1 and 5 years of working experience in neurosurgery (Doctor-1Y and Doctor-5Y) were included to compare with H-system. Furthermore, the data of the H-system, for instance, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC), were calculated and compared with Doctor-1Y and Doctor-5Y. In the testing set, the time H-system spent on ICH cases was significantly shorter than that of doctors with Doctor-1Y and Doctor-5Y. In the testing set, the accuracy of the H-system’s treatment plan was 88.55 (88.16–88.94)%, the specificity was 85.71 (84.99–86.43)%, and the sensitivity was 91.83 (91.01–92.65)%. The AUC value of the H-system in the testing set was 0.887 (0.884–0.891). Furthermore, the time H-system spent on ICH cases was significantly shorter than that of doctors with Doctor-1Y and Doctor-5Y. The accuracy and AUC of the H-system were significantly higher than that of Doctor-1Y. In addition, the accuracy of the H-system was more closed to that of Doctor-5Y. The H-system designed in the study can automatically recognize and analyze medical text data of patients with ICH and rapidly output accurate treatment plans with high efficiency. It may provide a reliable and novel way to automatically and rapidly handle emergency cases, such as ICH.

Knee Bending Motion Extraction Algorithm for Ball Motion Image Using Vision Sensor

To improve the extraction accuracy of knee bending motion in ball motion image and reduce the extraction distance error and time consumption, a knee bending motion extraction algorithm using visual sensor is proposed. The visual sensor model is constructed based on the ball motion frame image, the trigger data is output through differential and logical judgment, and these data are normalized to generate the visual sensor sample set of the ball motion frame image. The sample set is used as the input of the convolution neural network (CNN) and the sample basis of the motion energy model. The CNN extracts the features of the sample set in the convolution layer, the motion energy model is combined with the local binary pattern to extract the features of the sample set, the weighted summation method is used to fuse the two features, and the Softmax classifier is used to classify and extract the knee bending motion. The results show that the proposed algorithm has good ball motion image collection effect, the knee bending motion extraction accuracy is always maintained at about 98%, the distance error is low, and the time consumption of ball motion feature extraction is only 2.65 s, which has high application value in the field of sports.

DNA Logic Circuits for Cancer Theranostics

Cancer diagnosis and therapeutics (theranostics) based on the tumor microenvironment (TME) and biomarkers has been an emerging approach for precision medicine. DNA nanotechnology dynamically controls the self-assembly of DNA molecules at the nanometer scale to construct intelligent DNA chemical reaction systems. The DNA logic circuit is a particularly emerging approach for computing within the DNA chemical systems. DNA logic circuits can sensitively respond to tumor-specific markers and the TME through logic operations and signal amplification, to generate detectable signals or to release anti-cancer agents. In this review, the fundamental concepts of DNA logic circuits are clarified, the basic modules in the circuit are summarized, and how this advanced nano-assembly circuit responds to tumor-related molecules, how to perform logic operations, to realize signal amplification, and selectively release drugs through discussing over 30 application examples, are demonstrated. This review shows that DNA logic circuits have powerful logic judgment and signal amplification functions in improving the specificity and sensitivity of cancer diagnosis and making cancer treatment controllable. In the future, researchers are expected to overcome the existing shortcomings of DNA logic circuits and design smarter DNA devices with better biocompatibility and stability, which will further promote the development of cancer theranostics.

Controlled Localized Phase Transition of Selenium for Color-Selective Photodetectors.

Color-selective photodetectors are widely applied in several fields; however, they suffer from complex fabrication and low resolution. Herein, we propose a simple and convenient design to achieve a logical color-selective heterojunction photodetector composed of CdS and Se with a crystalline/amorphous mixed state. The as-deposited amorphous Se top layer in the heterojunction is partly transformed to trigonal crystalline Se by localized in situ phase transformation during annealing. As these two heterojunctions have different photoresponses under the same wavelength, the integrated device can accurately identify red, green, and blue light via logical judgment. Finally, the device exhibits high recognition ability in actual tests. This work provides a potential development of high-resolution color-selective photodetectors for visible light communication and logical photoelectric devices.

Peak and Valley Current Control for Cuk PFC Converter to Reduce Capacitance

Traditional power factor correction (PFC) converters usually employ a large electrolytic capacitor to ensure a stiff output voltage. However, the electrolytic capacitor is not expected in terms of the reliability and the size of the system. This article proposes a peak and valley current control for Cuk PFC converter to remove the bulky electrolytic capacitor. The proposed control is realized by a combination of analog and digital circuits. The analog circuits are used to accomplish the real-time comparison between the actual currents and their reference values. And the digital circuits are employed to deal with simple logical judgement. Different from the existing full digital control technique, which needs a high-quality digital signal processor (DSP) to process complex arithmetic operation, the proposed control concept even can only require a low performance microcontroller unit. Besides, the control delay is avoided. This article first analyzes the operation stages of the Cuk PFC converter. Then, design considerations of main circuit and control circuit are introduced. Finally, the experimental results from 200W Cuk PFC converter are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control.

Cartesianism, argumentation, values in the context of Chaïm Perelman’s «New Rhetoric»

The article deals with the process of founding and further development of the new rhetoric, a theory of argumentation developed by the Belgian philosopher Chaïm Perelman (1912-1984) and his co-worker Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca (1899-1987). The intellectual and philosophical backgrounds of the authors and some key characteristics of their theoretical approaches are described. The new rhetoric: (а) is primarily concerned with argument or practical reasoning, (b) suggests that figures of speech may be arguments instead of merely ornaments, (c) with its goal to influence minds, new rhetoric is a dynamic field of study, (d) it is complimentary rather than in opposition to formal reasoning. According to Perelman, the theory of argumentation conceived as a new rhetoric or dialectic, covers the whole range of discourse that aims at persuasion and conviction, whatever the audience addressed and whatever the subject matter. Perelman presents his new rhetoric as a much better form of logic than Cartesian deductive, stringent reasoning, at least where law and other values-based systems are concerned. Perelman challenged the unwholesome assumption that what we cannot know with mathematical certainly is necessarily arbitrary, irrational, and subjective. Perelman recognized "reasoned conviction" as a bridge to knowledge, although he was aware that it was a less perfect source of cognition than verified certainty. It is explained how the idea of developing the new rhetoric was born out of dissatisfaction with logical positivism or neopositivism (The Vienna Circle’s theories and ideas) and which classical and modern sources inspired the authors in developing a specific logic of value judgments that could deal with argumentation about actions, choices, decisions and without dismissing such argumentation as irrational. The rhetorical framework of the theory is expounded and an overview is provided of the key notions and concepts of Perelman’s ‘new rhetoric’ – the notions of adherence, audience (particular and universal audience), persuasion are explained. According to Perelman, the new rhetoric is based on the idea that since argumentation aims at securing the adherence of those to whom it is addressed, it is, in its entirety, relative to the audience to be influenced. Рerelman's position on the difference between formal logic and argumentation is analyzed.

An English Online Homework Tutoring System Supported by Internet Database

College English tutoring is an important content of current research, and how to provide more effective methods for teaching tutoring is currently a hot research topic. Therefore, this paper designs an Internet-based online tutoring platform for college English teaching, which is accelerated by using the K-means clustering algorithm. The data processing efficiency and processing methods to improve user satisfaction require more practical experience to summarize. In the business logic layer, the uploaded information is mined through the K-means clustering algorithm to form an online tutoring university English database to provide platform data support, realize the business logic judgment of the data, convert the data in the database, and return to the user interface of other formats, to provide users with browsing and consulting. In the data access layer, the data from the business logic layer is processed. After the processing is completed, data can be added, deleted, modified, and checked in the database. Finally, the operation result of the database is fed back to the business logic layer for processing. Experimental results show that the designed platform has good data mining performance, low connection speed and low response delay, good compatibility, low CPU usage, fast resource sharing speed, and high user satisfaction. It can be connected to different operating systems.

Design of the logic protection for the mechanical elastic energy storage system

The operation procedure of the mechanical elastic energy storage unit is complex, and multiple devices need to cooperate with each other. These devices need to operate in turn according to the specified procedures to complete the operation process of unit energy storage and power generation. At the same time, before the unit operation, it is necessary to make a logical judgment on whether to execute the control command according to the state of each device, and display the normal or fault of each device in the state display area. The PLC has the advantages of flexible use, strong universality, high reliability and strong anti-interference ability. It is suitable for designing mechanical elastic energy storage logic protection system. This paper designs the logic protection system of mechanical elastic energy storage unit based on the PLC. The system has the advantages of convenient use, simple operation and good stability. The correct logic action can control the unit to execute accurately, which plays an important role in ensuring the safe operation of the unit.

Open-Circuit Fault Diagnosis for Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter Based on LS-PWM Technique

Multilevel inverters have been widely used in high voltage and high-power applications on account of their remarkable performance in recent years. The multilevel inverters have an increased chance of switch fault due to a considerably large number of semiconductor switches associated with the power conversion. Therefore it is crucial to detect and locate faults quickly. In this context, an open-circuit fault diagnosis method for cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (CHBMI) based on the level-shifted pulse width modulation (LS-PWM) technique is proposed. Unlike the fault diagnosis based on the algorithm, the proposed method only needs a certain logical judgment to diagnose the fault based on subtle fault characteristics. The output voltage of the H-bridge and load current are used for fault diagnosis.

Application of PLC in Variable Frequency Constant Pressure Control System for Mine Emulsion Pump Station

Programmable logic controller (PLC) is an automatic control device made of microcomputer technology. It is based on sequential control, supplemented by loop adaptive, can complete logical judgment, timing, memory and numerical functions. The application of PLC in the variable frequency and constant pressure control system of mine emulsion pump station is studied. The emulsion pump station for mine is introduced. Based on the practice of energy saving, safety and protection equipment, the application of variable frequency speed regulation and constant pressure technology in emulsion pump is described. The working principle and PLC control system of emulsion pump control system are introduced by means of PLC circuit control. The experimental results show that the design of variable frequency and constant pressure control system based on PLC can greatly save energy consumption. In the variable frequency state, the average temperature of the pump body does not exceed 45°, indicating that the variable frequency constant voltage control system can improve the service life of the equipment.

Overview of insulator state intelligent assessment in smart grid through fuzzy logic method

In the transmission system, the operating state of the line insulator is always a state quantity with both fuzziness and randomness. Fuzzy logic theory has certain advantages for evaluating such a system with both fuzziness and randomness. According to the theory of fuzzy logic in the field of insulator state evaluation development situation, this paper introduces four methods - weights fuzzy logic method, the multistage fuzzy logic judgment, variable weight fuzzy logic judgment and cloud theory. The paper also analyses the characteristics and advantages of four methods, the results show that the cloud theory and variable weight fuzzy logic method more engineering significance.

Development and usage of the digital SAMG system

Abstract In order to reduce the work burden during the training and drilling of the severe accident and severe accident management guidelines, and improve the implementation efficiency of the guidelines, a method of digitizing the SAMG program files is proposed. A set of digital SAMG system supported by information technology and combined with software and hardware is developed to transform the manual processes of paper file browsing, data searching, logical judgment and auxiliary calculation into automatic and digital processes, which can be used for SAMG training and drilling, and also for verifying the SAMG execution process and the effectiveness of mitigation measures.

Application of Environment-perception Intelligent Control Technology in the Inspection Robot of Coal Conveyance Corridor in Thermal Power Plant

In thermal power generation, coal transport is an important link in the production process, and corridor is the key space of a relatively closed environment. It is fatal to ensure the accurate transmission of coal, no coal leakage and scattering, timely maintenance of the belt with crack, keep the temperature, humidity, and dust concentration within the threshold. Traditionally, manual inspection is mostly used, which is difficult to meet the requirements of modern thermal coal transportation inspection due to large amount of labor and high intensity of labor. According to the performance requirements, operating mode, and function in space orbit, an inspection robot is proposed, replacing the manual labor, by use of machine vision, sensor technology, logic judgment algorithm, and combined with kinematics and dynamics analysis. The modular design of hanging rail type mobile robot system is carried out in layout with closed “O” type suspension orbit in the inspection area, realizing the robot’s inspection and monitoring, warning and prompting, for the safety and smoothness of the coal supply.