Logical Analysis Research Articles

The livelihood impacts of eucalypt plantations on rural farm households in Western Gurage Watersheds, Central-south Ethiopia

BackgroundRural landscapes, particularly those close to human settlements and main roads throughout the highlands of Ethiopia, appear greener than the outfields because of eucalypt plantations. The most common factors for eucalypt plantations are two: fuel and construction demands and to generate income. ObjectiveThis study tried to investigate the socioeconomic impacts of eucalypt plantations in Western Gurage Watersheds located in Central-south Ethiopia. The specific objectives are: to evaluate the socioeconomic importance of eucalypt plantations on the livelihood of farm households, and to assess perceptions on impacts of eucalypt plantation and copping strategies. MethodsSystematic and purposive sampling method was employed by selecting households with eucalypt woodlots from the list of each Woreda's Kebeles. Close- and open- ended questionnaires were distributed to every fifth households that possessed eucalypt plantations. Three hundred eighty three questionnaires were distributed and collected from households found in three Woredas (districts) namely Cheha, Enemorna Ener, and Eza located in the Watersheds. To supplement the information critical observations, discussions with focus groups and interviews with key informant were employed. The survey data were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative techniques. To describe data acquired from critical observations, focus group discussions and key informant interviews; critical and logical qualitative data analysis technique were used. Descriptive and dispersive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, variance, standard deviation, p- value and correlation were employed using SPSS Version 20. ResultsThe result showed that eucalypt plantation dominated fuel wood and construction consumption and substituted further encroachment to natural forests. From multiple responses given, households prefer planting eucalypts to indigenous trees because it is fast growing (100 %), profitable (100 %), needs lesser labor (100 %), needs lower capital (100 %), can be used for multipurpose (100 %), and coppice itself fatly (93 %). They rated income gained from eucalypt as 2nd next to enset. ConclusionsHouseholds may continue planting the species particularly for fuel wood and construction need since substituting it by other alternative seems not feasible and challenging. To sustain the livelihood and environment; appropriate management like site selection and substitutions by horticultural and cash crops using micro irrigation schemes for market needs are recommended. Conducting in-depth participatory research and specific policy ratification and promulgation on eucalypt plantations will sustain its utilization and curb the drawbacks.

Investigation of metal-insulator-metal waveguides with elliptical-nanodisk resonator for high contrast ratio all-optical logic gates

Abstract This research focuses on the design and analysis of all-optical Exclusive OR(XOR), NOT, and OR logic gates based on metal-insulator-metal waveguides with elliptical-nanodisk resonators. The functionality of the proposed optical logic gates is determined by constructive and deconstructive signals which are applied to the input ports and control ports. To show the logic 0 (low) and logic 1 (high) output states, the limit of threshold transmission is 1.775 × 10−13 ∼0. The transmission (T) and contrast ratio (CR) are obtained to present the performance of the optical logic gates via the method of finite-difference time-domain. The maximum transmission is reached for the OR gate as 1.38 and the highest contrast ratio is 124.75 dB for the XOR and NOT logic gates. The designed logic devices are promising for improving more efficient optical signal information processing devices.

Informatization of the processes of administration of the quality of medical services in surgical hospitals

Among the various forms of quality control of the provision of medical care, self-control and internal control of the quality of medical services are the most effective and significant. Currently, there is no comprehensive information technology and algorithm for recording data on the provision of medical services and determining their quality. The goal is to develop and analyze the effectiveness of business processes and an algorithm for quality control of the performance of medical services in a surgical health care institution by establishing their daily accounting in the information system, control of indicators characterizing the safety and quality of their performance, as well as an opportunity to assess the dynamics changes in indicators for making management decisions. In the study, an analysis of literary sources was carried out, business processes were formulated, and on the materials of a retrospective analysis algorithms for the use of information technologies were developed based on the methods of generalization, comparison, content analysis, system-analytical and logical analysis, a graphic analysis was performed to increase the clarity of the presentation of the material. The research was approved by the Biomedical Ethics Committee. For the first time, as a result of the work of the internal quality commission, daily and summarized forms of reports on the work of the medical center, which have five sections are obtained. The statistical indicators of the operation of the surgical unit for any period are fixed, formed in an automated mode and analyzed. Clinical data characterizing all prescribed procedures applied are subject to analysis, and the results provide an opportunity to isolate from the records the disorders and complications reflected in the reports. The quality control of the use of antibiotics, the frequency of their use for preventive and therapeutic purposes is also carried out. The section that contains multivariate epidemiological control of the work of the treatment facility, as well as the section that shows the quality of medical record keeping and patient care is important. Together with the inpatient chart, e-mails of medical appointments are analyzed, patient falls are recorded, appointments and monitoring of patient care, pain assessment after surgery, allergic reactions are recorded, as well as a retrospective audit of the charts regarding the justification of the appointment of antimicrobial therapy. Control of patient safety and the quality of the provided medical services requires constant verification of their implementation and paying attention to be up to standards, the occurrence of deviations and complications. The application of a specially developed algorithm based on information technologies, aimed at daily accounting of medical services and obtaining data on deviations in their application, makes it possible to make urgent management decisions and influence the improvement of the qualifications of personnel who provide such services.

Study on the Restrictive Factors of Wushu Sanda Movement in Weinan Middle School of Shan xi Province

This paper analyzes the development of Wushu Sanda movement in middle schools in Weinan City, Shan xi Province through the research methods of literature, questionnaire, logic analysis and expert interview, clears out the constraints of Wushu Sanda movement in middle schools, and puts forward corresponding solutions. The results show that: the effective time can not be well mastered; The site is inadequate or unsuitable; May cause fighting or disorder; Lack of martial arts education; Lack of teachers; Prone to sports injury; The lack of interest is the restricting factor that restricts the development of Wushu Sanda movement among young people. The author suggests that we should classify teaching according to the purpose of learning; Optimize the allocation and use of space; Changing the perception of parents and students; Strengthen military morality education; Recruit excellent Sanda teachers; Improve teaching quality and optimize service; Injury prevention and rehabilitation treatment are the effective countermeasures to solve the problem of Wushu Sanda movement among young people.

The Influential Role of Baduanjin on the Mental Health of Medical Students: A Review

Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese health care practice, not only promotes muscle relaxation and bone strengthening while preventing and treating illnesses but also contributes positively to mental nourishment and emotional regulation. This paper employs a literature review and logical analysis to comprehensively assess the impact of Baduanjin on the mental health of medical students in higher education institutions. The findings indicate a significant prevalence of mental health issues among medical students in recent years, with a myriad of complex influencing factors. Furthermore, interventions aimed at enhancing the mental well-being of college students have become increasingly diverse. Notably, Baduanjin stands out as a traditional physical activity intervention that is both straightforward to implement and effective in bolstering students' mental health. Moving forward, it may serve as a preventive measure for mental wellness in the physical education curricula of universities, fostering the holistic development of both physical and mental health.

Innovative Development of Regional Industry: analysis, problems, and prospects (on the example of the Udmurt Republic)

Purpose: the study aims to analyze industrial development in the Udmurtia and propose measures to foster innovation. These efforts may enhance regional manufacturers' order portfolio and enhance the region's competitiveness both nationally and internationally.Methods: the research employs a complex of methods including factual, dynamic, causal, correlation-regression and structural analysis, alongside generalization, comparison, logical analysis, and graphical visualization.Results: the article analyzes the development of the industry in the Udmurtia, known for its strong presence in the military-industrial complex (MIC). The study delves into current industry trends, innovation indicators, and practices of MIC enterprises. It highlights obstacles to innovation and suggests measures to boost innovation, increase output volumes, and bolster the industry's adaptability to emerging challenges.Conclusions and Relevance: the regional enterprises of the manufacturing industry and MIC are the leading producers of innovation in the region. However, the proportion of innovative industrial products in the overall regional output is limited to 10%. Correlation and regression analysis showed the significance of the level of innovative activity of organizations and the share of organizations carrying out technological innovations in the effectiveness of innovative activity in the manufacturing industry. Innovation can be encouraged through various means, such as attracting investments, establishing a regional Agency for Innovation Development, digital platformization, and fostering integration among innovation entities with the help of an innovation accelerator, taking advantage of new market niche opportunities, stimulated by promoting corporate entrepreneurship. The region’s future prospects are closely tied to the development of the high-tech sector of unmanned aerial systems, what is the subject of scientific interest of the author's future research.

Analysis of the impact of mechanisms of integration of university science into the regional innovation system on the spatial development of the Voronezh region

Relevance. University science is the basis for the progressive development of the regions of the Russian Federation, providing new knowledge and ideas, turning knowledge into technology and accelerated development of the cultural environment. The introduction of scientific research into the educational process is necessary and important conditions for maintaining the high professional level of teachers, the formation of professional competencies, and advanced training of future specialists. In the last few years, the main economic processes have demonstrated positive dynamics, which indicates the effectiveness of the implemented strategy of socio-economic development of the region, as well as an effective policy of spatial development of the territory are key factors in achieving a positive trend in the development of the region. Minister of Science and Higher Education V.N. Falkov in April 2024 He stated the need to transform the higher education system, focusing on specialized higher education based on an interdisciplinary approach that will more effectively integrate university science into regional spatial development and the national innovation system.The purpose of the study is to determine the mechanisms of integration of university science in the spatial development of the Voronezh region through the innovation system.Objectives: to analyze the impact of the mechanisms of integration of university science on the trends of spatial development; to analyze scientific and technological development; to formulate the main conclusions about university science as part of the socio-economic system of the territory.Methodology. The general scientific methods of logical analysis, method of desk research, method of systematization, descriptive method were used in the study. Results. The study revealed the key factors that contributed to the positive dynamics of the economy of the Voronezh region and considered the mechanisms of integration of university science into the regional innovation system.Conclusions. In the realities of scientific and technological development there is a need to improve the methods of integration of university science into the regional innovation system, and recommendations related to the optimization of spatial development of the Voronezh region in order to improve the quality and attractiveness of university science on the basis of innovative aspects functioning in the region have been proposed.

Монетарна ентропія в умовах економічної глобалізації

Introduction. Changes occurring in the nature of money in the context of globalization have long been of interest to economists. Instead, the events of recent years have shown that such changes can also be caused by profound transformations that are natural ones and subject to general physical laws. Problem Statement. Establishing the dependence of the further development of money as an economic category on the action of the second law of thermodynamics. The purpose is the analysis of scientific ideas at the junction of economics and physics (ecophysics) and their spread to the monetary sphere ,in particular considering the manifestation of monetary entropy in the process of the international monetary system. Methods. General scientific and special methods are used: analysis, synthesis, description, comparison, theoretical generalization and abstract-logical analyses. Results. This publication introduces the concept of monetary entropy as a state of chaoticization of the essence of money (entropy of money) and the monetary system as a whole. The development of monetary entropy is considered as the result of cyclical development according to the Hegelian model “thesis-antithesis-synthesis”, which allows to avoid complete chaosization of the monetary sphere due to its transition to a new level of the spiral of development. The current state of the development of money as an economic category and the international monetary system as a whole, caused by the impact of the globalization process on them, proves that they are at the stage of another transition from entropy to negentropy, which can lead to the emergence of Global Money. Conclusions. Turning to the issue of predicting the future of money, it should be noted that there is an opinion that soon money will simply become a relic of the past and disappear altogether, leaving the probable technological singularity as one of its consequences, the very liquidation (more precisely, the senselessness of existence ) of money as an economic category. One of the possibilities of the technological singularity is the emergence of a post-scarcity society in which there will be a surplus of resources and the needs of every member of society will be fully satisfied (a variant of capitalist communism, when even an unconditional basic income will appear to be an unacceptable minimum for satisfying needs, because the principle from each according to his abilities to each according to his needs will be implemented. However, the change will not happen overnight, so there will most likely be a transition period during which humanity will still use money and the concept of money will evolve rather than disappear completely.

Substantive behavioral aspects of consumer behavior in the conditions of sanctions pressure on the Russian economy

Relevance. Sanctions pressure on the economy of the Russian Federation is one of the most important factors influencing consumer behavior and their consumer preferences. Under sanctions, many social, economic and political aspects influence consumer behavior, from which new consumer trends and changes in consumer behavior emerge.The purpose is to explore the substantive behavioral aspects of consumer behavior under the conditions of sanctions pressure on the Russian economy.Objectives: study changes in consumer preferences in connection with global crises; analyze changes in consumer behavior depending on various factors and price dynamics as a factor in consumer behavior; explore the influence of cognitive distortions on the meaningful behavioral aspects of consumers; propose the concept of business company plans in accordance with new consumer expectations.Methodology. In the process of research, general scientific methods of logical and statistical analysis, field research, as well as qualitative and quantitative analysis were used. Results. The survey showed that consumers have become more frugal and choose domestic brands in order to save money, the study of the impact of cognitive distortions on consumers showed that society is prone to a pessimistic attitude in terms of adopting new domestic products and brands.Conclusions. A business plan under sanctions pressure, aimed at the novelty of the product and its effectiveness, will help companies promote their goods and services on the Russian market during the period of sanctions pressure. Focusing on changing the object of purchase, place of purchase (online trading if possible), timing and methods of procurement in accordance with new motives and customer expectations will give companies an advantage in conditions of market instability and changing behavioral aspects of consumers.

Unlocking Potential: The Transformative Role of Gaming in Rural Higher Learning Institutions of South Africa - A Systematic Exploration

The aim of this study resonated with the pursuit of achieving enhanced engagement in teaching and learning that informs critical thinking, and knowledge retention among students. Despite the growing trend of technological integration in teaching and learning, however, there exists a lack of empirical evidence and comprehensive studies that investigate the effectiveness of gaming in promoting educational objectives within rural institution of higher learning in South Africa. To investigate this gap, a systematic review method was employed, which provides a comprehensive and logical analysis of existing literature on the significance of gaming in teaching and learning within rural institutions of higher education. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used in the study to enhance the rigor and transparency of the research process, by providing a solid foundation for synthesizing and interpreting existing literature relevant to the study. The systematic review findings revealed that the significance of gamification in teaching and learning in rural higher education lies in its ability to overcome accessibility challenges, provide personalized learning experiences, address motivation and retention issues, and enhance digital literacy. It was recommended that by incorporating gamified approaches, rural higher educational institutions can create a more inclusive, engaging, and effective learning environment for students within the rural institutions of higher learning in South Africa.

A New Vision for Enhancing Women’s Leadership Role in Higher Education Decision-Making

Legal issues of gender equality and the principle of inadmissibility of discrimination against women in all spheres of life are becoming relevant worldwide, including in the Republic of Kazakhstan. This study aims to show ways to enhance the role of women in the higher education system, which is necessary to implement the principle of real equality in relationships with men, the principle of fair distribution of managerial positions without gender discrimination, and the implementation of leadership activities by women due to their managerial potential. To achieve this goal, the authors have researched this topic in a comparative legal format, comparing the practice and legal peculiarities of Kazakhstan and some developed countries. We used logical analysis, comparative legislative analysis, legal analysis, and legal forecasting. Kazakh legislative acts that promote the expansion of women’s rights while enhancing the role of women in higher education were analyzed. The practical results of the study consist in the formulation and justification of organizational and legal ways to increase the leadership role of women in higher education in the Republic. The scientific novelty lies in the previously unexplored topic of gender equality in the higher education system of Kazakhstan from a legal viewpoint. The conclusion about gender asymmetry should encourage other researchers to study this problem on a larger scale and deepen the understanding that only clearly, competently, and equally selected leaders of both sexes can positively influence the accelerated development of the higher education system and ensure the actual competitiveness of Kazakhstani universities and their graduates. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-05-016 Full Text: PDF

Cold plasma processing of kiwifruit juice: Effect on physicochemical, nutritional, microstructure, rheological properties and sensory attributes.

This study aimed to compare the untreated, cold plasma (CP)-optimized (30 kV/5 mm/6.7 min), CP-extreme (30 kV/2 mm/10 min), and thermally treated (TT) (90 ℃/5 min) kiwifruit juices based on the physicochemical (pH, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), total color change (ΔE)), physical (particle size and rheology), microstructure (optical microscope), bioactive compounds (polyphenol, ascorbic acid, and sugar compounds), and sensory characteristics of kiwifruit juice. The pH, TSS, and TA were not significantly affected in CP and TT juice, whereas the ΔE (6.52) of TT juice lies in the range of "greatly visible." The microstructure characteristics of juice significantly changed after CP and thermal treatment. The cell and tissue disruption in CP-extreme and thermally treated juice was more than CP-optimized. The particle size of juice decreased irrespective of treatment, but the span value of CP-optimized juice was the lowest. Further, the CP treatment showed a lower consistency index, apparent viscosity, and pseudoplasticity of juice than the thermal treatment. The CP-treated juice retained bioactive and nutritional attributes more than thermally treated juice. The CP-optimized, CP-extreme, and thermal treatment reduced the sucrose content by 54, 55, and 23%, while the fructose and glucose content were increased by 17, 12, & 93%, and 17, 11 & 99%, respectively. Among the CP-treated juice, CP-optimized (71.36 mg/100g) contained a higher amount of ascorbic acid than the CP-extreme (64.36 mg/100g). Based on the similarity values in the fuzzy logic analysis, the sensory attributes of CP-optimized treated juice were superior to CP-extreme and thermal treated. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: In this era, non-thermal processing techniques are trending for retaining the nutrition and stability of juice. The old plasma (CP)-treated kiwifruit juice had better nutritional, bioactive compounds, and sensory attributes than the thermally treated juice. Further, the CP-treated juice had higher flowability and lower viscosity, making it ideal for juice processing. The conclusions drawn suggest that CP processing is a better alternative for processing kiwifruit juice than thermal processing.

Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Socio-Economic Development

When covering issues on sustainable socioeconomic development such terms as ‘artificial intelligence’ (AI) and ‘social economy’ appear more and more often. At the same time, these terms are rarely used together within the same study. This article contributes to the gap filling through theoretical overview of social economy development in the context of economic and social effects of AI. For the purpose, the authors summarize theoretical insights on social and economic effects of AI; elaborate characteristics on how AI changes sociality; characterize development of social economy in the light of AI; provide examples of social innovations and AI in practice. Monographic method, methods of logical analysis and synthesis, and meta-analysis were applied. Social and economic effects that appear as a result of widespread application of AI and changes in sociality are accompanied with highly differentiated readiness to AI across countries. Given the changes above and expectations devoted to AI effects on economy, social economy may benefit from AI, particularly, through social innovations, and may reduce negative effects of AI, particularly, on overall wellbeing. For the mentioned benefits, changes in sociality that appear due to AI application have to be accompanied with timely adjustments in skills and competences. The research concludes that AI may intensify social economy development through its ability to support vulnerable groups, environmental protection and application of the newest technological solutions. In this way, AI in social economy not only contributes to efficiency and innovation in industry and the economy, but also plays a key role in promoting sustainability, social responsibility and inclusion. Keywords: Social economy, Artificial intelligence, Social and economic effects, Sociality, Sustainable Socioeconomic Development

A Mathematical-logic Perspective for Analyzing Machine Learning Models

Abstract Machine learning (ML) has achieved remarkable success. There are various types of machine learning methods. However, the previous categorization of these models was simply based on the paradigm of learning. What kind of data and environment can be used for learning becomes the only concern, but whether the trained model is competent for a specific task is less discussed. Guiding ideology of what machine learning models are competent for a given application scenario is urgently needed. To solve this problem, we believe that this requires a logical analysis of the external properties of the learned models. In this paper, we propose a perspective for analyzing machine learning models by applying mathematical logic, which helps determine whether a model is up to a given task. In addition, we construct an analysis case and illustrate that the structural objects can be mapped to the class labels in machine learning. We believe this perspective will open a new field of analyzing machine learning with mathematical logic.

CAPP-GPT: A computer-aided process planning-generative pretrained transformer framework for smart manufacturing

Smart manufacturing (SM) constitutes the backbone of Industry 4.0 (I4.0), allowing for heightened autonomy of the various interacting cyber-physical systems, making the various entities on the production floor. Connectivity, a vital enabler, plays a crucial role through state-of-the-art Digital Twinning (DT) technologies driven by underlying innovations like the industrial Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, and advancements in sensory devices. DT, which plays a vital role in the various planning functions under the production and operations management umbrella, is being used in the developed combined CAPP-GPT (Computer-Aided Process Planning-Generative Pretrained Transformer) and production scheduling approach to address disruptions on the shopfloor and in self-healing of the manufacturing processes at a micro-CAPP level by optimally adapting the process parameters and the developed toolpath on the fly based on online process signature measurements. In a leap commensurate with that which has taken place in Natural Language Processing-Large Language Models (Chat-GPT), similar efforts are currently being undertaken to parse CAD data structures and blueprints, fusing operations research and predictive analytics algorithms to carry out setup planning as well as sequencing and grouping manufacturing sub-operations. A hybridized Optimization and Machine Learning (ML) approach is employed where Logical Analysis of Data is used to solve the problem heuristically, exploiting various generative and variant methods at heart. Another extension of this macro-CAPP problem is being tackled by integrating the problem with delayed product differentiation, lot-sizing, and transfer line balance for futuristic batch-production shops employing Hybrid Manufacturing (HM) and Smart Assembly. At the micro-CAPP level, HM process parameters are optimized using a comprehensive approach employing the Taguchi loss function to assess surface roughness, internal failure costs, and other criteria, including greenhouse gas emissions and expended energy. Online measurements of the process signatures are also employed to adapt the initial set of process parameters using different automatic control schemes. ML is used to identify the process parameters carrying simulations on Simulink before the system is deployed.

CONTRIBUTION OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION ON PERFORMANCE OF LEARNERS WITH LEARNING DIFFICULTIES IN PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS OF RWANDA A CASE OF KICUKIRO DISTRICT

Background: Inclusive Education is problematic in several countries including Rwanda and has been held back by a number of factors including negative attitudes towards people with disabilities. School administrators and teachers have not sufficient skills so that they can manage inclusive schools and it requires several and regular training to be equipped with necessary knowledge and get sensitized on how to introduce inclusive practices. The study examined the contribution of inclusive education on performance of learners with learning difficulties in Rwandan public primary schools especially in Kicukiro District. To examine the level of implementation of inclusive education to the performance of learners with learning difficulties in public primary schools, to assess the performance of learners with learning difficulties in public primary schools in general education, to establish the relationship between inclusive education and the performance of learners with learning difficulties in public primary schools. The target population of this research was 240 population, from which a sample size of 148 respondents chosen as the participants of the study were 70 parents of learners with disabilities from public primary schools selected 69 teachers, 6 head teachers and 3 sector educational inspectors of 3 sectors of Kicukiro District. Nine respondents (6 HTs and 3 SEIs) were sampled using a purposive sampling technique, while 148 respondents (69 teachers and 70 parents of learners with disabilities) were selected using a simple random sampling. Methods and Methodology: This study used a survey research design with questionnaires as instruments of data collection and guided interview. The SPSS version 2.0, Logical analysis and Microsoft Excel 2010 was used in description and interpretation of results via tables, chart and figures. The researcher provided recommendations and conclusions depending on the findings of the research. Results: The findings showed that the effort put in the implementation of inclusive education practices and their relationship between inclusive education and performance contributed to the learners achievement as 95% of teachers and 89% of the head teachers with SEIs, they assumed there was a close relationship between inclusive education and learners performance because one affected the other one. Conclusion: It is recommended to the ministry of education of Rwanda (MINEDUC), to include the contents and strategies that facilitate teaching and learning processes for learners with learning difficulties at all level of education. The further research should consider collecting data via observational methods, fieldwork, and classroom visits to check if the competencies that this study identified are indeed being applied in Rwandas classrooms.

Registrars as institutions for ensuring the development of the real sector of macroeconomics

Subject. This article discusses the importance of diversified institutions of the financial system, linking the functionalities of the financial and real sectors of macroeconomics. Objectives. The article aims to substantiate the need for such institutions to recognize professional participants of the securities market engaged in maintaining registers of securities holders (registrars), and formulate proposals that contribute to the qualitative disclosure of the potential of registrars in this capacity. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of systems and logical analyses, and the tabulation procedure. Results. The article presents the author-developed proposals aimed at the implementation and development of the potential of registrars as diversified institutions of the financial system, capable of ensuring the development of equity investment as a factor of qualitative and quantitative growth of the real sector of the macro-economy. Conclusions and Relevance. The arguments set forth in the article regarding the need to create an institution of insurance for direct investments of citizens in the creation of new and the development of existing joint-stock companies, the need to provide individuals with the right to register on the websites of investment platforms as persons attracting investments, and other formulated proposals will form the basis for creating norms that contribute to the development of the functionality of registrars, including registrars that are operators of investment platforms, and the realization of their potential as an effective diversified institution of the financial market. The presented proposals may be in demand in the future work of the Bank of Russia, as well as in the work of all interested specialists and scientists aimed at improving the efficiency of the financial sector.

Модели сетевого адаптивного взаимодействия организаций в условиях принятия решения доминирующим собственником о реализации проекта

In modern business conditions, the network interaction of organizations is one of the most effective forms of cooperation within the framework of the project. The ability of the network to adapt to changing factors and conditions of the external and internal environment based on the reactive management of business processes of project interaction ensures not only the achievement of project goals, but also the satisfaction of the complementary interests of all counterparties. The process of developing the author's model includes an analysis of existing models of network interaction between organizations, the study of methods and approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of such interaction, as well as the identification of key factors influencing the success of the project. The results obtained will improve the understanding of the processes of networking between organizations in the implementation of projects, as well as develop recommendations to improve the effectiveness of such interaction. The results can also be useful both for the scientific community and for practitioners involved in project management and business processes in a network context. The methodological basis of the study was the methods of comparative and logical analysis, induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis. As a result of the work carried out, the author's model of network adaptive interaction of organizations was formed in the conditions of decision-making by the dominant owner on the implementation of the project.

CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF REGIONAL WAGE DIFFERENCE IN KAZAKHSTAN AND THE POSSIBILITY OF ITS REDUCTION

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of regional differences in wages, the development of a cluster typology of the regions of Kazakhstan in terms of wages and the justification of the possibilities of reducing its regional differentiation. The article provides an overview of scientists' points of view on the problem of labor income inequality, assesses the level of regional wage differences in Kazakhstan, conducts a cluster analysis and develops a typology of the country's regions according to the level of average nominal wages, gross regional product per capita and the share of gross value added of the quasi-public sector in the gross regional product. A group of regions has been identified that are most in need of regulatory measures to increase wages. The possibilities of reducing large regional wage differences are substantiated, primarily by attracting investments to boost the economy, increase employment and labor incomes, as well as by introducing increasing regional coefficients when setting minimum wage standards in remote areas, regions with difficult natural and climatic conditions. The methods of systematic literary review, logical analysis? analogies and generalizations, economic and statistical, cluster analysis, and typology are used.

DEVELOPMENT OF SELF-MANAGEMENT, TEAMWORK, LEADERSHIP, TIME MANAGEMENT SKILLS THROUGH PROJECT ACTIVITIES

The article is devoted to the development of the principles of project activities. In the state compulsory education standard, projects are used as a form of state final certification. Because project activity arouses interest, allows you to develop social skills in the process of group interaction, acquires research experience, and forms skills such as creative thinking. Acquired skills increase the level of motivation of students, allows to increase the initiative of students.The article analyzes the contentof project activities based on documents in the field of education. Pedagogical literature was effectively used in revealing the historical aspects of the project. The effectiveness of applying project activities to students is the development of self-management skills, teamwork, leadership, and time management. The effectiveness of the formation of students' skills through project activities in the study of biological disciplines has been studied. The development of these skills in solving problems that we face in life has a positive effect on their becoming a person. In improving the quality of education, it is important to form scientific thinking in the process of teaching biology that meets academic requirements and objectively assess a specific scientific problem, determine ways to solve it. Each project action represents a specific situation in which solutions are required using logical analysis. During the experiment, experiments on the formation of cognitive interest, demonstration of biological and other methods were used. During the writing of the scientific article, the results of an experiment on the development of self-management skills, teamwork, leadership, and time management through project activities were summarized. The authors conducteda comparative analysis of the results of the assessment of students' project skills before and after the completion of the project. It can be concluded that training based on project activities and self-management skills, teamwork, leadership, and time management is in demand today.