Logic Perspective Research Articles

Working in Universities Through Covid-19: An Interpretation Using the Lens of Institutional Logics

In higher education institutions, as in other organisations, the Covid-19 pandemic has significantly affected the ways in which individuals work and resulted in the loss of pre-existing boundaries between work life and domestic life. UK universities are a multi-billion pound-sterling contributor to the UK economy and in 2020 the sector-representative body, Universities UK, made a request to the UK government for £2.2 billion to help to mitigate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. In spite of the dramatic impact on the lives of university staff, however, there has been little attempt made in the existing literature to try to understand their experiences, motivations and actions of working in academia through this unprecedented time. This paper reports the emerging findings of an initial tranche of interviews with 28 individuals working across 23 different UK universities and uses an institutional logics perspective to understand their experiences in the context of what was happening at the time. The findings indicate the continued importance of market, professional and managerialism logics but highlights the dominance of a hitherto-unidentified logic, the ‘students first’ logic. The findings also demonstrate the ways in which individuals negotiated the competing logics of family and professional and meshed them together in a unique covid-specific hybrid and identifies a complex interplay of the logics.

Exploring Diversity of Hybrid Business Models: Institutional Logic Perspective on Social Enterprises

To extend the discussion of hybrid business models (HBMs) in the literature, this study examines how multiple logics interact and facilitate the construction of HBMs, using empirical evidence from 30 social enterprises that are hybrid organizations with both social and business missions. Taking a qualitative multiple-case-study approach, we identify three factors (social mission, industrial segment, collaborative relationship with stakeholders) as sources of institutional hybridity. We also illustrate why institutional hybridity differs among businesses by exploring from where incompatibility and centrality are derived. As a result, an HBM with five typologies (interaction, integration, co-production, bridging, self-branding) is proposed. Based on this, we adopt an institutional logic perspective in explaining how the HBM emerges, develops, and creates and delivers value. This study makes an important contribution in bridging the institutional logics theory and HBM literatures, as well as informing practitioners engaged in hybrid organizations.

Abandoning The Ship? The Familization of Lone-Founder Firms and Its Impact on TMT Turnover

Borrowing insights from the institutional logic perspective on hybrid organization, we theorize the introduction of family logics into lone-founder firms driven by incumbent entrepreneurial logics as a familization process. Using a sample of Chinese listed firms, we explored how this familization process affects the reactions of internal audiences and linked this internal dynamic with organization- and field-level contingencies. Our results indicate that TMT turnover rates increase when firms experience the familization process, but organizations’ financial slack and entrepreneurial narrative can help the hybrids to mitigate the adverse impacts of familization. In addition, we find that field-level legitimacy of the hybridity can condition the effectiveness of firms change management capacities, such that when the legitimacy of hybrids is high in a given field, the moderation effects of the financial slack decrease while the moderation effects of entrepreneurial narrative increase.

Creating a Better World via Cross-Sectoral Collaborations

Despite the widely-acknowledged potential of cross-sectoral partnerships to solve complex social issues, the process of cross-sectoral collaborations is saturated with conflicts and tensions. Researchers have investigated the antecedents, processes, and outcomes of cross-sectoral collaborations with different theoretical frameworks and primary foci. In this panel symposium, the panelists will present five theoretical perspectives, explore the conceptualization of theoretical boundaries, and discuss how to produce knowledge by spanning theoretical fields. The perspectives to be presented include (1) collective action theory, which helps us understand how parties with conflicting interests build collaborative institutions and governance norms to overcome collective action dilemmas; (2) the institutional logics perspective, which focuses on the value differences among partners and the associated outcomes; (3) the interactional framing perspective, which looks at how interpretations and sensemaking are constructed and deconstructed in partnerships; (4) the resource dependence perspective, which examines the resource dependencies among partners and external stakeholders; and (5) the paradox perspective, which focuses on the contradictory but interrelated elements that persistently coexist in cross-sectoral collaborations. This symposium aims to respond and contribute to diverse discourses both within the management academy and around societal challenges. This interactive session will include Q&As and discussions on strategies for developing new interactions between different fields of inquiry.

Exculpating HR: Applying an Institutional Logics Approach to Employee Quits

Many studies examine how human resource (HR) practices influence employee quit rates, implicitly assuming that HR policies and practices are the key determinants of voluntary labour turnover. Although the results of such studies often indicate a weak association between HR policies and practices and higher quit rates, the very assessment of a potential relationship between HR and quits assumes that labour turnover is something that HR can and should fix. The institutional logics perspective provides a powerful lens to examine how different institutional pressures influence managers’ and employees’ decisions and actions Whilst these logics can reinforce one another, they are often in conflict. This complex interaction can provide insights into the variable success of HR practices in different contexts. Based on 54 interviews from Pakistani banking employees, this paper finds that employee perceptions of HR effectiveness only partially explain turnover intentions. The paper contends that competing logics of professionalism, the market, bureaucracy as well as employee’s own logics based on family, societal and cultural imperatives are crucial to understanding HRM effectiveness. Consequently, we argue that mainstream HRM literature typically downplays the importance of institutional logics embedded within local contexts, and, as a result, overlooks how employees may blame HR managers and policies for outcomes which may be beyond their control and remit.

A Productive Tension Decoupled: An Institutional Account of the Boeing 737 MAX Disaster

Two fatal crashes of Boeing 737 MAX airplanes occurred on October 29, 2018 and March 10, 2019 killing 346 people, but what exactly were the forces that led to the commercialization of such an obviously flawed design? We provide an institutional logics perspective of this large-scale failure, which complements existing accounts of disaster. After Boeing´s merger with McDonnell Douglas, and because of growing competitive pressure from Airbus, the corporate logic of managerial rationalism became dominant and the professional logic of scientific control became subordinated and decoupled from central organizational aims. Internal processes within Boeing reinforced this subordination as the professional logic simply became a means to obtaining the ends of corporate efficiency and cost control by obtaining regulatory approval and thus external legitimacy. We show how altering the balance of institutional logics may trigger a series of changes that accentuates the subordination, resulting in an increased likelihood of disaster. Complexity in this organizational context benefitted from a productive tension between logics, which was relaxed through a decoupling strategy with disastrous consequences. This story about organizational risk and large-scale disaster has implications for research on complexity, decoupling, and the architecture of institutional logics as means and ends.

The Impact of Institutional Logic: Intensified Significance of Technology Independence and VC firms

Before evaluating the performance of government venture capital firms, we need to understand how their behaviors are different from private venture capital firms and why. Based on institutional logic perspective, government venture capital firms’ behavior would be deviant from private ones because of the additional state logic they embody. Leveraging the ZTE crisis, an exogenous event that strengthened the state’s pursuit of technology independence, we compare how government and private venture capital firms’ tendency to invest in high-tech high-trade startups is changed. Using 18,164 investment events in mainland China, we found that government venture capital firms significantly increased their investment in high-tech high-trade startups after the ZTE crisis. In contrast, private venture capital firms present no significant change. However, as related experience and same province condition positively moderate the impact for private venture capital firms, they can hardly moderate the impact for government venture capital firms. Focusing on how organizations cope with dynamic tensions, we extend institutional logic studies by demonstrating that hindrance comes from contesting logic and other goals of the same logic. As these two sources hinder in different ways, we emphasize the role of audiences in how logic works.

Communities, Organizing and Organizations: A Review and an Institutional Logics Perspective

Almost a decade ago, community was conceptualized as a distinctive institutional logic, providing social and cultural resources to its members, influencing organizations, and determining community-organization relationships. However, some more recent studies challenge this view, stating that the community logic does not exist, or exposing that it is not even followed by community groups themselves. Acknowledging the implications of this theoretical puzzle for organization theorists, we review 172 papers published in highly ranked organization and management journals during the past 30 years and summarize insights on four types of communities for which discussion has flourished: communities of place, of practice, of users, and of firms. Next, we conduct pattern matching to explore whether these four types adhere to the community logic. Our findings reveal the existence of a unique community logic, which is consistent across different types of communities and forms the basis for a comparative research agenda. Furthermore, we show that multiple logics compete for influence and primacy against the community logic and create instances of institutional complexity. In doing so, we specify the unique principles and categorical elements coming from the community logic and those coming from conflicting institutional logics and draw implications for communities and community-organization relationships. The paper ends by emphasizing the benefits of applying the institutional logics lens to communities and points to future research avenues.

Institutional Conditions and Export-Oriented Entrepreneurial Activity: A Cross-Country Analysis (WITHDRAWN)

This paper investigates how state fragility and trust affect export-oriented entrepreneurial activity. Drawing on the institutional logics perspective, we first argue that a non-favorable home-country institutional configuration in the form of state fragility will negatively influence the internationalization decisions of entrepreneurs. We subsequently suggest that the presence of role models and generalized trust, will positively moderate such negative relationship. We test our hypotheses on a multisource dataset that combines individual- and country-level observations. Our multilevel analysis covers 43 countries for the period 2005-2016. The results support the hypothesized direct and moderating effects. Implications from the findings are discussed.

Measuring sustainability of suppliers: Strategies for competing institutional logics

While the growing literature has examined the strategies of buyers to ensure the sustainability of suppliers, the underlying theoretical dynamics and measurement of such strategies have been overlooked. Drawing on institutional logics perspective, this study develops and tests a measurement model of sustainable supply chain strategies. The study identifies three theoretically-driven strategies as performance-oriented strategy for commercial logic, risk avoidance-oriented strategy for public logic, and collaboration-oriented strategy for social-welfare logic. Then, a measurement construct is developed through the review of extant literature and corporate practices as well as using the findings of a semi-structured interview with 21 managers in nine suppliers. The construct is tested based on a survey data drawn from a sample of 131 suppliers of Western companies in Turkey. The analysis confirms a three-dimensional measurement model. Considering the importance of knowing how to strategically approach a supplier to ensure its sustainability, both scholars and managers can use this model to investigate the implications of formulation and implementation of diverse sustainability strategies at supply chain context.

“He Who Has the Gold Makes the Rules”: Does Donor Control Crowd out Community Leadership?

Foundations increasingly value community leadership capacities for addressing public problems and catalyzing change in local communities. However, scholars have cautioned that the proliferation of donor-advised funds (DAFs) might undermine foundations’ commitment to community leadership. While a burgeoning line of research has begun to examine the use and trends of DAFs, empirical analysis of the relationship between DAF sponsorship and community leadership remains underexplored. Drawing on the institutional logics perspective, this study discussed the logics of donor services and community leadership, and explored the extent to which foundations combined the two by exercising DAF sponsorship and community leadership simultaneously. Using an original dataset that combined annual report data and IRS 990 data of 253 community foundations, we found consistent evidence on the positive associations between DAF sponsorship and various community leadership aspects. These findings contribute to understanding the power dynamics between donors and foundations, showcasing a possible blending of the two logics in the community philanthropic field.

Exploring interfirm collaboration processes of small- and medium-sized enterprises: an institutional logics perspective

ABSTRACT This research examines the formation and development processes of interfirm collaboration among SMEs in the context of institutional logics change in an emerging economy. Building on the microfoundations lens and the institutional logics perspective, the empirical investigation focuses on the qualitative study of the interfirm collaborative relationships among SMEs in China. The research findings underscore the significant role played by government-supported broker firms in fostering the formation and development of interfirm collaboration among SMEs. In particular, these broker firms first reproduce the institutional logics by means of championing government-promoted projects and events and diffusing government policies through their sensemaking and sensegiving. The reproduction of institutional logics by broker firms facilitates the formation and development processes of interfirm collaboration among SMEs which, over time, may lead to collaboration success occurrences that are predominantly manifested by success events, artefacts and stories. In the case of new meanings emergent from the collaboration success occurrences, broker firms tend to engage in legitimating these new meanings to transform the institutional logics. Thereby, this research contributes to the theoretical advancement in the fields of inter-organizational collaborations among SMEs and institutional logics.

Towards Effective Co-creation of Value: Case Study of a Public University of Pakistan

This study examines the co-creation between a public university and industry and the building blocks that shape co-creation in the context of Pakistan. A conceptual framework has been developed based on the perspective of Service Dominant Logic, which connotes that value is created from the integration of resources through interactions between co-creating partners. The aim of this study is to elucidate the types of resources used for integration by employing different modes of interactions for value creation sought by the university and industry. For this purpose, a case study based on the co-creation between the Centre of Excellence for Molecular Biology (CEMB) at University of the Punjab and Four Brothers (Pvt) Ltd is conducted, to develop Transgenic Cotton technology, which was first of its kind in Pakistan. Qualitative data was obtained through semi-structured interviews from a sample of 13 respondents. Thematic analysis was used after transcribing and importing data to NVivo 12 plus. The study revealed the type of resources, interactions and value or outcome sought that characterized the successful co-creation. It also highlights the challenges faced during the collaborative project. Finally, the recommendations are proposed for the enhancement of co-creation within the context of industry and public university of Pakistan.

Keadilan Dan Hak Asasi Dalam Terang Fajar Filsafat Islam

In order to seek the nature of human rights in Islamic philosophy, it will not be able to understood until clarify the overall Islamic concept of nature, humans and life. As it is also known that the essence of justice cannot be separated from the relationship that occurs between the Creator and creatures. Justice also becomes very important in law, because it is subjective and individual. Justice as a value to create an ideal relationship between humans, as a manifestation of their rights. In this case, justice is the basis that is committed to delivering humans to a just, prosperous and happy life. As it is known that the practice of law in the western sense is really in accordance with the special attention of some experts in Islamic law. The meaning of Islamic philosophy itself cannot be separated from the Greek teachings which are collaborated with the contents of the explanations/teachings in Islam. So the discussion on human rights will not be separated from the discussion of Epistemology, Ontology and Axiology. It is well known that philosophy itself will not be separated from logic, because the context of the discussion of philosophy will continue to change as a civilization develops. If we mention about Islamic philosophy, we will know how the nature of justice is seen from the perspective of logic that is shaded by the Islamic side. How that sense works well in determining an acceptable justice for the welfare of human rights. It has also been stated that humans are intelligent animals, so humans are different from other animals in general. Intellect is a benchmark for the perfection of a human action in deciding something. Justice for human rights in the view of Islamic philosophy is justice for human rights which is applied in accordance with mature thinking and cannot be separated from the teachings of the Qur'an and Sunnah.

STUDY THE LOGIC OF MODERN PSYCHOLOGY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PHILOSOPHY

BackgroundPsychology and logic have similar disciplinary backgrounds. When searching for “psychology” or “logic”, there are many academic papers. When searching for relevant keywords, there are even more papers. However, searching the database for “the relationship between psychology and logic” will only find dozens of papers. This study focuses on the relationship between psychology and logic. Although the breadth and depth of the current research field of psychology are unprecedented, the results of retrieval and review show that there is little research on psychology from the perspective of philosophy. Philosophy is the basis of the initial existence of psychology and logic, and nature has the nature of both. Due to the progress and development of science, psychology and logic were separated and integrated with each other. This study attempts to explore the logic problem from the perspective of psychology, and to explore the further research of psychology from the perspective of logic problem. It is more beneficial for individuals to construct a specific method through philosophy emotion regulation.Research Objects and MethodsThis paper studies the logical problems in psychology from the perspective of philosophy. The basic problems of philosophy, especially the basic problems of modern philosophy, including existence and thinking, human psychology, thought and consciousness, are the subjective reflection of the objective world. The subjective reflection in the human brain is the processing and completion of everything in the objective world. Broad and indirect reflection must be inseparable from logic. Thinking plays a leading role in thinking. What to think, how to think and to what extent. They are the reflection of human mental state. The development of thinking measurement tools and the addition of psychoanalytic indicators can explore people's mental changes from the data. This paper proposes to take thinking as a bridge between psychology and logic, in order to attract people's attention to the research on the spiritual level of psychology. At the same time, in order to investigate the individual's performance in logical philosophy, a coping style scale was compiled. By consulting relevant literature, forming an open-ended questionnaire, sorting out the recovered effective scale and analyzing the data semantics, and compiling the initial measurement table of stress coping style on the basis of previous theoretical ideas; Secondly, it makes a preliminary test according to the items of the scale, and analyzes the data through item analysis, exploratory factor analysis and reliability test; Finally, the formal scale is formed, the formal scale is tested and restored, and confirmatory factor analysis and reliability and validity test are carried out.ResultsThis study starts from the foundation, further analyzes logic, and finds the common ground between psychology and logic, that is, thinking. Psychology is inseparable from thinking, and logic needs the concrete embodiment of thinking. Because thinking leads to logical problems in psychology, they are inseparable in form and content. The basic conclusion of this study is to clarify the most basic logical problems in psychology, which may be of great significance to promote the research of psychological phenomena and the application of logical tools. At the same time, the correlation analysis between emotion regulation ability and mental health behavior in philosophical logic shows that the mediating effect of life events on anxiety through emotional response is regulated by philosophical logic. When the individual's philosophical logic belongs to the average level (U = 0), the indirect effect of life events on anxiety through emotional response accounts for 48.3% of the total effect. When the level of individual psychological elasticity is high (U = 1), the indirect effect accounts for 47.9% of the total effect, that is, the higher the psychological elasticity is, it can adjust the impact of life events on anxiety through coping styles and reduce it; On the contrary, when the level of individual psychological elasticity is low (U = - 1), the indirect effect accounts for 48.8% of the total effect, that is, the lower the psychological elasticity is, it will increase when adjusting the impact of life events on anxiety through coping styles. It can be seen that psychological elasticity can effectively regulate the impact of life events and coping styles on anxiety.ConclusionThe scientificity and perfection of the measurement tools in this research center limit the accuracy of studying thinking from the perspective of psychology, and the modern logic tools describing the scientificity and perfection of thinking also limit the accuracy of studying thinking from the perspective of logic Solve these two problems and complete thinking research.

How learner engagement impacts non-formal online learning outcomes through value co-creation: an empirical analysis

From the perspective of service science and its core concept of value co-creation, promoting learner engagement is critical for learning outcomes in a non-formal online learning environment. To promote online learning performance, we study how multidimensional learner engagement affects both instrumental and experiential learning outcomes. By incorporating the service-dominant logic perspective into the research model, we designed an online survey to investigate the impact of platform value co-creation on learners’ engagement outcomes. By employing a partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), the results show that behavioral engagement, cognitive engagement, and emotional engagement have a significant impact on learning outcomes through the mediating effect of platform value, a second-order hierarchical latent variable. This study has multiple theoretical contributions and practical implications. First, we found new evidence that pursuing good learning outcomes in a non-formal online learning setting is not just a technological architecture or pedagogic guidelines, but also a “win–win” value co-creation process. Second, our results confirm the posited direct and indirect effects, thus evidencing functional value, emotional value, social value, and personalized value as components of the platform value construct, and it as a driver and mediator for better online learning outcomes. Third, our results underscore the importance of platform value in studying the impact of learner engagement on learning outcomes and provide a sharper theoretical lens to evaluate online learning platform value from the perspective of online learners.

Strong Equivalence of Logic Programs with Ordered Disjunction: A Logical Perspective

AbstractLogic Programs with Ordered Disjunction (LPODs) extend classical logic programs with the capability of expressing preferential disjunctions in the heads of program rules. The initial semantics of LPODs, although simple and quite intuitive, is not purely model-theoretic. As a result, certain properties of programs appear non-trivial to formalize in purely logical terms. For example, the current characterization of strong equivalence for LPODs, does not coincide with logical equivalence in some specific logic. This comes in sharp contrast with the well-known characterization of strong equivalence for classical logic programs, which coincides with logical equivalence in the logic of here-and-there. In this paper we obtain a purely logical characterization of strong equivalence for LPODs as logical equivalence in a four-valued logic. Moreover, we provide a new proof of the coNP-completeness of strong equivalence for LPODs, which has an interest in its own right since it relies on the special structure of such programs. Our results are based on the recent logical semantics of LPODs, a fact which we believe indicates that this new semantics may prove to be a useful tool in the further study of LPODs.

Two-Agent Approximate Agreement from an Epistemic Logic Perspective

We investigate the two agents approximate agreement problem in a dynamic network in which topology may change unpredictably, and where consensus is not solvable. It is known that the number of rounds necessary and sufficient to guarantee that the two agents output values 1/k3 away from each other is k. We distil ideas from previous papers to provide a self-contained, elementary introduction, that explains this result from the epistemic logic perspective.

Service-Dominant Logic: A Model of Service Satisfaction and Its Antecedents

Along with the advancement of information technology and service innovation, service-dominated logic has become one of the most important concepts for firms to acquire a competitive advantage. According to service-dominated logic, all service innovation should be conceptualized based on the application of competencies (e.g., knowledge and skills), and firms should leverage these competencies to promote values and benefits for each exchange or transaction. This study integrates relevant theories and constructs to develop a comprehensive model of service innovation focusing on a service-dominated logic perspective. Data from 135 Vietnamese business owners or management executives were collected and analyzed, and research hypotheses were assessed by employing partial linear square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicated the interrelationship between service-dominated orientation, dynamic service innovation capability, service knowledge creation, service innovation, and service satisfaction. The results could be beneficial for academicians to further validate the research model and could also be very useful for professionals to design and implement their service innovation strategies.

Redesigning global supply chains during compounding geopolitical disruptions: the role of supply chain logics

PurposeWhy do managers redesign global supply chains in a particular manner when faced with compounding geopolitical disruptions? In answering this research question, this study identifies a constrained system of reasoning (decision-making logic) employed by managers when they redesign their supply chains in situations of heightened uncertainty.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted 40 elite interviews with senior supply chain executives in 28 companies across nine industries from November 2019 to June 2020, when the UK was preparing to leave the European Union, the US–China trade war was escalating, and Covid-19 was spreading rapidly around the globe.FindingsWhen redesigning global supply chains, the authors find that managerial decision-making logic is constrained by three distinct environmental ecosystem conditions: (1) the perceived intensity of institutional pressures; (2) the relative mobility of suppliers and supply chain assets; and (3) the perceived severity of the potential disruption risk. Intense government pressure and persistent geopolitical risk tend to impact firms in the same industry, resulting in similar approaches to decision-making regarding supply chain design. However, where suppliers are relatively immobile and supply chain assets are relatively fixed, a dominant logic is consistently present.Originality/valueBuilding on an institutional logics perspective, this study finds that managerial decision-making under heightened uncertainty is not solely guided by institutional pressures but also by perceptions of the severity of risk related to potential supply chain disruption and the immobility of supply chain assets. These findings support the theoretical development of a novel construct that the authors term ‘supply chain logics’. Finally, this study provides a decision-making framework for Senior Executives competing in an increasingly complex and unstable business environment.