Logical Sense Research Articles

The logic of distributive nearlattices

In this paper, we propose a sentential logic naturally associated, in the sense of Abstract Algebraic Logic, with the variety of distributive nearlattices. We show that the class of algebras canonically associated (in the sense of Abstract Algebraic Logic) with this logic is the variety of distributive nearlattices. We also present several properties of this sentential logic.

Opportunity of automation of designing of CSPI

The opportunity and features of automation of designing of complex systems of protection of the information is analyzed. Taking into account complexities which arise at automation of such designing, there is a question on an opportunity of automatic designing under condition of unity of acceptance of decisions designers, demonstrative unambiguity (objectivity of acceptance of decisions), minimization of financial loading on result of designing, i.e. on the designed system of protection under condition of a level of security of object of protection. For the decision of such task the approach is given, allowing to formalize the description of any object of protection by language of indistinct sets. The formal description of objects of protection of any complexity is given. For this purpose the concept of object of protection of the general structure for the first time is entered. The description of possible structures of system of protection of any objects is given by language of predicates. Due to it is proved, that at designing systems of protection of the information by the certain technique for any real object there is only one decision at a choice of methods and means of protection which has objective logic sense, has property of reliability in a choice of methods and means of protection and provides sufficiency of means of protection in the structure. It means, that for such objects there is a decision with attributes of objectivity under condition of minimization of financial loading on result of designing.

You are Not Welcome Here Anymore: Restoring Support for Refugee Resettlement in the Age of Trump

You are Not Welcome Here Anymore: Restoring Support for Refugee Resettlement in the Age of Trump

Quackademia? Mass-Media Delegitimation of Homeopathy Education

In response to concerns about the standards of training for non-medically qualified homeopathic practitioners, between 1999 and 2009 a number of UK universities taught Bachelor of Science (BSc) degrees in homeopathy. All the courses were subsequently closed following media coverage of a vigorous campaign from scientists against the degree courses. A boundary-work analysis of 65 articles published in the UK print media reveals the use of metaphors from a number of different fields as rhetorical strategies to malign homeopathy education. As well as the commonly used contrasts of profit versus academic integrity, rationality versus faith and logic versus magic, media reports associated homeopathy with new universities and Mickey Mouse degrees, both of which had been denigrated in the press previously. In the press coverage, much attention was also drawn to the fact that the method of repeatedly diluting homeopathic medicines defies both logic and common sense, and the plausibility argument became a decisive blow in the debate over the legitimacy of teaching homeopathy as a science degree. It seems that the boundary work sought to protect the authority of both science and medicine by expelling homeopathy from higher education. These findings contrast with previous studies that suggest that orthodox medicine has occasionally expanded to incorporate desirable aspects of complementary and alternative therapies. Scientists carry out boundary work not just to demarcate the boundaries of science and directly defend their own interests, but also to protect the authority of other allied professions.

You are Not Welcome Here Anymore: Restoring Support for Refugee Resettlement in the Age of Trump

After descending an escalator of his hotel at Central Park West on a June day in 2015, Donald Trump ascended a podium and proceeded to accuse Mexico of “sending people that have lots of problems, a...

Autoconsciência e conceito no pensamento tardio de Fichte e na Lógica de Hegel

In summer term 1812 Fichte lectured on “the relation of logic with real philosophy” in order to introduce the point of view of the Science of Knowledge. A few months before the beginning of Fichte’s lectures, the first book of Hegel’s Science of Logic had been published. Independently of the controversial question if Fichte’s ‘Transcendental Logic’ from 1812 was intended to be a critical reply to the Hegelian project of a speculative logic, no doubt the lecture from summer 1812 is an important source for understanding the systematical relation between the late Fichte’s conception of transcendental logic and the Hegelian project of a speculative logic. The principal thesis of this paper is that both the convergences and differences between the two philosophical projects can be identified by considering the conceptions of the concept and of self-consciousness that are contained in Fichte’s lecture and in the third part of Hegel’s Lógic, the Doctrine of Concept. The comparison between these conceptions shows that the late Fichte and Hegel converge insofar as they criticize the logical conception of concepts and the idea that self-consciousness is a fundamental principle of philosophy. However, whereas Fichte defends a genetic theory of conceptual content and of self-consciousness that is based on the conception of an absolutely spontaneous and ‘image’-producing thinking, Hegel searches for a structural explanation that is based on the speculative conception of the concept as the fundamental structure of reality, understanding concepts in the logical sense as a result of the ‘separation’ of the original unity of the concept and self-consciousness as its conscious concretization.

Seeking a Rational Approach to a Regional Refugee Crisis: Lessons from the Summer 2014 “Surge” of Central American Women and Children at the US-Mexico Border

Seeking a Rational Approach to a Regional Refugee Crisis: Lessons from the Summer 2014 “Surge” of Central American Women and Children at the US-Mexico Border

Gérer son cabinet d’orthodontie entre rigueur et flexibilité

An orthodontic office owner must understand the context and then combine logic, emotion, intuition and common sense. The productivity approach is no longer acceptable. It is necessary to combine rigour, flexibility and pragmatism. The obsessive perfectionism is ineffective. In fact, there are four ways to demonstrate a flexible determination: persevere when appropriate, win the support of your entourage, back on some decisions, appeal to the collective will. Another needed feature is to have the flexibility to change its own habits and change the ones of others. Some practical examples based on the five available resources (time, money, people, training and equipment) illustrate the concepts discussed. Both qualities are necessary for the orthodontic business manager today: strong leadership and flexibility. The best attitude lies in the combination of these two seemingly contradictory requirements.

Study on G. Deleuze s Francis Bacon: The Logic of Sensation - Focus Primarily on Concept of ‘Figure’ -

Study on G. Deleuze s Francis Bacon: The Logic of Sensation - Focus Primarily on Concept of ‘Figure’ -

The Spirit of God, or is it?

When the modern reader and the ancient biblical text do not share the same cosmology, this may lead to gross misinterpretation of the text, or to a reduction in meaning. The term רוח אלהים [spirit of God] is used as an example to illustrate the possibility of such misinterpretation. It is argued that the term should be viewed as a case of polysemy (words with multiple senses, which are not trivially related to one another) and thus form a rich complex of meaning. This implies that the so-called fallacy of ‘illegitimate totality transfer’ does not apply to polysemous words, because all the senses are activated in every context. The senses of spirit, breath and wind should therefore not be viewed as alternative meanings (as one would do in the case of homonyms), but as contributing to a rich complex meaning, which makes logical sense within the magico-mythical cosmology of the Old Testament.

Arrovian Aggregation of Generalised Expected-Utility Preferences: (Im)possibility Results by Means of Model Theory

Cerreia-Vioglio et al. (Econ Theory 48(2–3):341–375, 2011) have proposed a very general axiomatisation of preferences in the presence of ambiguity, viz. Monotonic Bernoullian Archimedean preference orderings. This paper investigates the problem of Arrovian aggregation of such preferences—and proves dictatorial impossibility results for both finite and infinite populations. Applications for the special case of aggregating expected-utility preferences are given. A novel proof methodology for special aggregation problems, based on model theory (in the sense of mathematical logic), is employed.

WHAT ON EARTH IS LOGIC?

The world is logical, according to some. Others call it absurd. Apart from who is correct, however, what seems clear is that no one senses the absurd without also sensing the logical. Yet in that case, where does our sense of logic come from, and what is it really a sense of?

Czy sens życia jest tym samym co cel życia?

The aim of this text is to consider whether the meaning of life and purpose of life is the same. These philosophical investigations assume axiological objectivism, which claims two things: 1) values are a characters or qualities of objects, 2) phrases like ‘X is good’ are sentences in logical sense. As the main methods used in investigations was conceptual and linguistic analysis, which have been used to characterize the notion of ‘life’ and ‘meaning’. This step allowed to precise notion of ‘meaning of life’ and allowed to consider the titled question. Result is negative: meaning of life is based on values, and not on arbitrarily taking purposes. If meaning of life is a some kind of essential good, then purposes cannot make life meaningful, if themselves are not valuable.

Graphical business process modelling standards, techniques and languages: a literature review

Literature shows that there are many graphical business process modelling (PM) tools, techniques and standards. However, choosing the right tools and techniques with which to model BPs is very complicated as there are not as many guidelines to describe the concepts involved. Thus, the modellers should know the purpose of their model in order to select the right techniques and tools. Categorising the different graphical business PM techniques, tools and standards into different groups with the same functions and characteristics can make logical sense of them. In this paper, we have categorised the existing graphical business PM techniques and tools into two groups: graphical standard at enterprise level and at process level, and have provided a comprehensive analysis on the existing graphical business PM techniques and tools. Our proposed literature review can help in enhancing manufacturing practice as it provides a right picture for the business analysts and modellers regarding what are the most satiable techniques for their cases and requirement. Thus, the manufacturing and companies' process time, cost and performance can be enhanced and improved their revenue.

The Effects of Rural to Urban Migration in the Region of Elbasan, Albania

Migration seems to always be present within the cycle of the human life and sometimes it also seems inevitable. We are living in a time when migration in its logical and linguistic sense exists almost as a similiar phenomenon within time and space. In developing countries and in countries or regions with sustainable socioeconomic parameters it is presented with general typologies and almost unchanged ones. Migration is reasonably first related to the economic factor, but social circumstantial factors encourage and advance it. We are today facing people’s movement towards larger urban centers for a more prosperous life, for more employment opportunities, in order to join family or social circles which migrated earlier and testify success stories. These stories are related to the fact of finding a job, often a stable one, which entails other expected, premeditated benefits. We will have to refer to the economic and identity picture, the chances, the opportunities and the environment of their implementation. Moving from one place to another, from a village to a city, or from one state to another, is often difficult. Problems consist in several elements but what makes the difference is the perspective point of view. An economist would undoubtedly head of by the market supply and the jobs’ demand in the host city. A sociologist would understand all issues of economic security, and employment in particular, but would appreciate as a problem not at all secondary, the dealing with the unknown, the adaption to a new life and what is essential to life the social reintegration. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2016.v5n3s1p305

HEROISM AND RELIGIOUS ASCETICISM AS FEAT FORMS

В статье производится сравнительный анализ понятий «героизм» и «религиозный аскетизм» как различных видов подвига. Оба понятия рассматриваются как со стороны логического смысла, так и с точки зрения ценностного содержания. Цель: определить общее и выделить специфику героизма и религиозного аскетизма, понять их место в духовной культуре. Метод и методология проведения работы. При исследовании применялся метод сравнительного анализа, а также этимологический и логический анализ понятий. Результаты. Выделено понятие подвига, в качестве всеобщего определения действия, требующего неординарных усилий для своего выполнения, а также результатов подобного действия, независимо от этической оценки побудительных мотивов породивших последнее. Героизм и религиозное подвижничество, рассмотрены как особенные проявления подвига. Сформулировано понятие и представление о героизме, подчеркнуто, что героизм является социально детерминированным видом подвига, который выполняет важную роль в процессе культурной идентификации личности. Сформулировано понятие религиозного аскетизма, как духовного проекта по реализации религиозного идеала. Произведено сравнение героизма и религиозного аскетизма как двух видов подвига, имеющих различную ценностно-мотивационную направленность. Область применения результатов: система общего образования.

Facilitating Coherence across Qualitative Research Papers

Bringing the various elements of qualitative research papers into coherent textual patterns presents challenges for authors and editors alike. Although individual sections such as presentation of the problem, review of the literature, methodology, results, and discussion may each be constructed in a sound logical and structural sense, the alignment of these parts into a coherent mosaic may be lacking in many qualitative research manuscripts. In this paper, four editors of The Qualitative Report present how they collaborate with authors to facilitate improvement papers’ coherence in such areas as co-relating title, abstract, and the paper proper; coordinating the method presented with method employed; and calibrating the exuberance of implications with the essence of the findings. The editors share exercises, templates, and exemplary articles they use to help mentor authors to create coherent texts.

Facing the Communication Challenges during an Earthquake Swarm Period

When earthquake swarms catch public attention, seismologists face a difficult communication challenge. On the one hand, they do not want to create unnecessary anxiety, because most swarms eventually die off, but at the same time, they know that these events could also be foreshocks to a larger, possibly damaging, earthquake. What then should a seismologist say that will remain within the scope of science to assist the public and community leaders to make appropriate choices? Probabilistic statements are scientifically verifiable but provide little comfort to anxious people and, for most citizens, give no guidance about whether they should or should not prepare for an earthquake. We are proponents of actions that allow individuals, families, and communities to acquire a sense of control that encourages individual and collective efficacy—a key element of fostering resilience in times of high anxiety. Seismologists can help foster resilience by capitalizing on windows of opportunity when people are inclined to pay attention to the scientists’ message and to take action based upon practical and credible information. Making the most of a window of opportunity will also improve the likelihood of an appropriate response if an event does occur. We believe that the public is ready to accept the limitations of the Earth Sciences (such as the inability to make definite predictions), especially if the guidance is reasonable, comforting, makes logical sense, and is conveyed with compassion. Based on these premises, we propose a message that should form the basis of press releases, webpage content, Tweets, etc., for seismologists who communicate with the public to use during earthquake swarm periods.

School leadership practices that promote effective whole school behaviour management: a study of Australian primary schools

ABSTRACTWhen considering the management of student behaviour issues, a substantial body of literature, as well as logical common sense, points to the advantages of whole school policy over the individual efforts of teachers. Less is known, however, about the direct or indirect role school leadership plays in the development of well-implemented whole school behaviour management (WSBM) systems and policy in primary schools. This article explores elements of leadership practice likely to promote well-implemented WSBM, using an initial framework developed from related literature and applying it in a study of primary schools. The sample comprised 52 staff members from 31 government and non-government primary schools in 5 states and territories of Australia. Data were obtained from interviews which sought to gather information about how well each school’s WSBM was implemented. Results confirmed the theorised framework of leadership practices that encourage well-implemented WSBM. The article concludes with implications for future research and school leadership.

Is the Hybrid Threat a True Threat?

Does the “hybrid threat” discussed in General Marty Dempsey’s 2015 United States National Military Strategy make logical sense? In this paper I define the national security threat risk assessment process, examine the most significant US security threats, and study the hybrid threat. I conclude that the hybrid threat is the one that could most exploit our nation’s critical vulnerabilitiesboth from a security and foreign policy perspective. I conclude with a study of security and economic methods to reduce this threat. This article is available in Journal of Strategic Security: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/jss/vol9/iss2/2