Logger Pro Research Articles

Characterizing Mesophase Transitions of 8CB Liquid Crystal using DSC and Logger Pro

Characterizing Mesophase Transitions of 8CB Liquid Crystal using DSC and Logger Pro

Biomechanics Analysis of Normal Jump Shot and Fade-Away Jump Shot in Basketball

Basketball players normally use jump shots to score points during a game. The player must shoot the ball depending on their own experience that requires a long period of time to train. The player can learn faster and master the shooting skills with the assistance of video and data analysis. This paper determines the scoring effectiveness, the body posture and release angle of normal and fade–away jump shots in basketball using the biomechanics analysis. Recording devices were used to record the jump shots and the results were analysed by using several software including Wondershare Filmora, KMPlayer, Openpose, MATLAB, and Logger Pro. With the aid of biomechanics formula, MATLAB and Logger Pro software, the shooting angle, acceleration, energy, force, etc data were obtained. Results showed that the average angle of release that scored for both normal and fade-away jump shots were 59.4 and 59.5 degrees respectively. Normal jump shots had been concluded as more efficient due to 15 % higher scoring than the fade-away jump shots while they required 9.5 % less power to perform. Therefore, it was found that the improvement to the Openpose software can benefit many people. In potential future application, instead of detecting human posture, detecting objects might be a breakthrough for future application around the world.

EFFECT OF HEATING AND COOLING ON 6CB LIQUID CRYSTAL USING DSC TECHNIQUE

In this research, details of the heating and cooling of the liquid crystal (LC) 4-cyano-4'-hexylbiphenyl (6CB) were collected through the use of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and then analyzed with Logger Pro. The sample of 6CB was heated from -40 °C to 80 °C and then cooled to -40 °C again at a constant rate of 20 °C/min. DSC provided data for the time, temperature, and heat flow, which was used to calculate thermal speed, acceleration, and jerk, as well as the specific heat capacity at each point. Graphs of this data contain endothermic and exothermic peaks that indicate phase transitions, revealing information such as the enthalpy of the peak and the nematic range. One focus of this study was to compare 6CB to other liquid crystals that are part of the n-alkyl-cyanobiphenyl (nCB) family to see if the difference in tail length affects the behavior of the liquid crystal. Results show that 6CB may be of interest as an alternative to other liquid crystals for liquid crystal displays (LCD).

English

This paper reports details of phase transitions of a new generation “Tertiary Liquid Crystal System” (TLCS). This TLCS was made with a mixture of 5CB, 6CB, and 7CB liquid crystals. The TLCS was run in DSC to find changes taking place in its heat flow as a function of time and temperature analyzed with Logger Pro. The sample of TLCS was run from -40 °C to 80 °C with a 20 °C/min ramp rate in DSC. It was observed that the TLCS shows two phase transitions on heating and one transition on cooling. All these transitions were found to shift when compared to their single members. The unique behavior of TLCS is that it never shows crystallization in cooling, even though the sample was cooled to -40 °C. This indicated an increase in its Nematic range, making it more useful in the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) field.

English

Waves are found everywhere, and you can notice them if you know how they are formed. According to the Physics of Waves, any repetitive motion can create a wave. Wave can be created in any medium, no matter if it is water or air. The repetitive movement of any part of the human body can also create waves. This is the goal of this research project on how to create waves with some types of body movement. For the experiments, one hand, half arm, full arm, and both hands and legs were used for a repetitive motion to generate waves. Body movements created several waves, and it was observed that when the amplitude is kept constant, the height of the wave in the graph becomes constant, and when the time period of the wave is constant, then the frequency of the wave is found to be constant. Details of each wave can be seen in the paper. The graphs of waves were plotted using Logger Pro. These movements show how concepts of Waves be applied to daily life activities to visualize and understand the concepts of waves in Physics.

Development of Student Worksheet Discovery Model Based on Video Logger Pro Analysis to Improve Problem-Solving Skills of Physics Teacher Candidates

Students are less active in learning, lack motivation, textbooks are full of mathematical equations without detailed explanations, and use conventional methods. LKS can be used as an alternative medium to improve problem-solving skills. This study aims to develop pro video logger-based worksheets based on the guided discovery that is valid and effective to improve problem-solving for prospective physics teachers. The research method used is ADDIE. The research subjects were 36 mechanical engineering students. The research instrument used was a validation sheet and a test instrument for problem-solving skills. LKS is feasible to use if it is valid in the category of high validity and reliability, there are significant differences in the pretest and posttest, and the increase in problem-solving skills in the medium N-gain test category is minimal. The results showed that the LKS is valid with an average validity of 0.88 with a high validity category, the value of R = 0.752 > 0.70 means reliable, the Wilcoxon equation. Sig. = 0.000 <0.05, meaning that there is a significant difference pretest and posttest, and the average N-gain = 0.64 in the medium category, minimum and maximum N-gain = 0.087 and 0.640

The effect of viscous drag on damped simple harmonic motion

Dynamic viscosity is a quantity that describes the magnitude of a fluid’s internal friction or thickness. Traditionally, scientists measure this quantity by either calculating the terminal velocity of a falling sphere or the time a liquid takes to flow through a capillary tube. However, they have yet to conduct much research on finding this quantity through viscous damped simple harmonic motion. This phenomenon occurs when the movement of an oscillator experiencing Hooke’s law dissipates at a rate defined by the damping coefficient due to a fluid’s external drag force. The present study hypothesized that the relationship between the dynamic viscosity and the damping coefficient is positively correlated. To test this hypothesis, we computed the dynamic viscosities of glycerol-water mixtures of varying mass concentrations and filmed the oscillations of a vertical-spring mass system in each of these mixtures. We then determined the system’s damping coefficients through Vernier’s Logger Pro video analysis feature and implemented inferential statistics on a regression between these damping coefficients and the mixtures’ dynamic viscosities. The results through these methods demonstrated not only compelling evidence in favor of this hypothesis but also an alternative way to estimate a fluid’s dynamic viscosity through a least-squares regression line. With future experimentation, these results can help prepare shock absorbers for vehicle and structural engineering practices.

The Development Study of the Drag Coefficient of Solid Cylinder on Inclined Plane in Water

The dynamic resistance of a fluid to a cylinder rolling on an inclined plane in water has been experimentally studied. This creates problems in the form of solid-liquid interactions, which include landslides on the seabed and debris flows on the seabed that cause Tsunamis. The development of flow around a rolling cylinder is described to highlight the implications on the nature of the hydrodynamic force coefficient acting on the cylinder as resistance. The coefficient of drag on the cylinder when rolling on an inclined plane in water is the coefficient of drag that prevents the cylinder from rolling. In addition, other external force coefficients (besides the drag coefficient) also impede the cylinder motion. The equation of motion of the cylinder is solved with experimental data which is used as the most suitable solution to get the drag coefficient value. The movement of the cylinder is also not perfectly linear because there is a force from the side of the track and the cylinder moves slightly zigzag in 1-D motion.
 HIGHLIGHTS
 
 In this study, we present the experimental results of cylindrical drag coefficients of various materials on inclined planes in water as modeling of broader scientific problems, especially the potential for hydrometeorological and sedimentation disasters
 Fluid dynamics of the cylinder drag force on an inclined plane in water were measured experimentally
 The motion of the cylinder on an inclined plane in water is recorded, then the recorded video is processed using Logger Pro to obtain experimental time, speed, and position data which is processed using the appropriate mathematical equations
 
 GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Speed of Sound Measurement Using an Ultrasonic Motion Detector

We propose a method to measure the speed of sound in air using a motion detector. The experiment is based on the principle of a motion detector used to measure distances. This device measures the time of flight of alternating ultrasonic waves between the observer and the target. By assuming a fixed speed of sound, the time of flight can be converted into a distance. The medium, including its temperature through which the sound travels, influences the speed of sound. A motion detector has been used to show the effect of CO2 concentration on the resulting distance measurement, and to estimate the linear change in speed of sound per degree Celsius. The distance measurement using a motion detector has to be calibrated according to the medium’s condition. The Logger Pro 3 features allow adjustment of the temperature setting and addition of an offset value to correct the motion detector reading.

Using digital technologies to study the behavior of rubber balloons

In this paper, we have demonstrated the feasibility of using digital technologies to study the behavior of rubber balloons. The experiment to study the behavior of balloons was presented in a new way using the Vernier measuring system, Logger Pro 3 software, Tracker and Google Sheets. This allowed to significantly optimize the work, reduce measurement time and increase the time required to calculate and analyze the results.

Determining the Value of the Viscosity Coefficient of Pertalite Gas Stations and Retail Filling Stations Using the Logger Pro Application

This study aims to determine the absolute viscosity value of pertalite fuel sold at gas stations and retail. The method used is an experiment with video analysis assisted by Logger Pro software. The number of retail pertalite samples tested consisted of 5 samples taken from different places. The research step is to analyze the video recorded on the motion of a falling object, namely an iron ball (Gotri) into the fluid (pertalite fuel) with logger pro software then track the video recording and obtain terminal time and speed data. From the results of the terminal velocity then it is calculated to the absolute viscosity equation. The results of the test showed that there was no significant difference between the viscosity of pertalite sold by gas stations and those sold at retail. This is evidenced by the average viscosity coefficient value of Pertalite gas stations of 0.4074 (Ns/m²) while the viscosity of retail pertalite is 0.4019 (Ns/m2). These results conclude that the pertalite sold retail in East Ogan Komering Ulu area is still maintains the quality of pertalite from gas stations so that it is safe for vehicle engine performance.

Analyzing Nematic to Isotropic (N-I) Phase Transition of nCB Liquid Crystals Using Logger Pro

This paper reports detailed analysis of Nematic to Isotropic (N-I) phase transition of n-Cyanobiphenyl (nCB) Liquid Crystals (LC) using Logger Pro. Three bulk samples of nCB liquid crystal family, 4-Pentyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl (5CB), 4-Hexyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl (6CB), and 4-Heptyl-4'-cyanobiphenyl (7CB) were processed through the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) instrument for heating and cooling scans. The DSC data is then analyzed using Logger Pro. Logger Pro is a data analysis tool used to collect and analyze data in educational institutes. Our interest is to use Logger Pro in the research area to analyze DSC data of these LCs to get detailed results of N-I phase transition. Logger pro has been proven to be a good data analysis tool to find results in detail for these LCs in this paper. It is found that as nCB gets heavier and its C-C tail gets larger, the N-I phase transition shifts towards higher temperature in heating and shows an increase in enthalpy, wings jump, molecular mobility and molecular disorder.

Designing Technological Content Curriculum Materials Supported by Logger Pro: An Action Research

Designing Technological Content Curriculum Materials Supported by Logger Pro: An Action Research

Determining the current profile along the anode-cathode line in Cu/Ni electrolyte by logger pro

In electroplating, the broad role of cathode and anode is often neglected. This study aims to simultaneously prove the electric current in the three pairs of probes in the cathode-anode direction. It also describes the effect of variations in the anode-cathode area ratio. This result proves that the greater the ratio, the greater the current density in all pairs of probes. Data retrieval used a current sensor current probe DCP-BTA Vernier displayed on a computer screen with the help of Logger Pro software. The results in the study show that the current at every point in the measurement has a less identical graph. In electroplating, nickel (Ni)-1 has a relatively constant amplitude than nickel (Ni)-2. The variation of the anode area ratio at the first nickel (Ni) is 1: 0.821. The ratio of the anode area to the second nickel (Ni) is 1: 0.343. From the analysis results, the first nickel (Ni) has a relatively constant amplitude compared to the second nickel (Ni).

EVALUATION OF LOGGER PRO INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY SUPPORTED APPLICATIONS IN THE SCOPE OF STEM

Although advanced technological tools and equipment are used effectively in daily life, the inability of all students to access high-tech experiment applications in high schools negatively affects disadvantaged student groups in the further education process. The main purpose of the research evaluates students in four different categories about 10th-grade illuminance subjects by using Logger Pro technology within the scope of STEM. The study was carried out with 84 students at the school where the researcher taught in the fall semester of the 2019-2020 academic year. Within the scope of action research, qualitative and quantitative methods were used together. Quantitative findings were evaluated with SPSS and qualitative findings were evaluated with content analysis. Based on the research findings, it is revealed that the use of experimental content supported by innovative technology within the scope of science in high schools make a significant contribution in three categories within the scope of hopes and goals for STEM. Making applications supported by Logger Pro with technological content in schools improves the responsibilities of students in homework, contributes to their successful graduation from high schools and enables them to get into the departments they want in the university. These practices cause students to enjoy the professions they will choose in the future and help them reach their favorite professions by working harder. Keywords: experimental content, innovative technology, physics teaching, STEM

Logger Pro for the Observation of Single-Slit Diffraction in the Determination of Metal Coefficients of Linear Thermal Expansion

Experiments using Logger Pro-aided observation of single-slit diffraction patterns have been performed to determine coefficients of linear thermal expansion of metals. The sample metals were iron and brass. The calculation involves weighted linear regression analysis of 1/z against temperature, where z is the distance between the end to the center of the central bright line, and a computer-aided χ2 goodness of fit test. From the χ2 goodness of fit test, it is concluded that the relation between 1/z and temperature is linear, in agreement with theory. The coefficients of linear thermal expansion for iron obtained agree well with the reference value, while that for brass is close to the reference values.

Pengukuran Modulus Geser Baja Menggunakan Analisis Osilasi Pegas-Massa

A steel shear modulus measurement has been conducted using spring-mass oscillation analysis. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the spring-mass oscillation analysis method can measure the shear modulus of the steel. In this study, springs that are used are made of steel with a spring radius of 7.86 mm, a spring wire diameter of 0.817 mm and there is no distance between the coil springs. The length of the spring is varied 7 times, i.e., 4.75 cm, 5.36 cm, 5.89 cm, 6.81 cm, 8.53 cm, 9.44 cm, and 10.87 cm. The spring radius and the diameter of the spring wire are measured using a micrometer screw, while the spring length is determined using image analysis using the Logger Pro program. The spring constant is determined from the equation of the results of the position graph fitting (x) with respect to time (t) load on the oscillating spring-mass system. The value of the shear modulus can be determined from the constants on the graph of the relationship of the spring constant to the spring length following the equation from Sommerfeld. The research measures the shear modulus is 1.24 GPa

A Comparative Analysis of the Gini Index

Around the world, the Gini index is used to represent income inequality and is compared between regions. Proposed by Corrado Gini in 1912, the index summarizes the income disparity of an area into a single value that falls between zero and one [1]. There are numerous methods for evaluating the Gini index [2]. Considering its global use, it is essential for these different approaches to provide consistent results for a region. This paper compares the Gini indices obtained using three of the earliest developed methods. These methods include Gini’s original method, the relative mean difference method, and the geometric method. The geometric method, specifically, can be applied either algebraically or geometrically. In this report these three approaches were applied to the 2017 Canadian income distribution from Statistics Canada. To ensure a fair analysis, the methods were also applied to the Canadian income distributions from 1999 and 2010, with their calculations being summarized in Appendices A and B respectively.From the investigation, it was discovered that Gini’s original method and the relative mean difference method, (collectively referred to as the algebraic methods), provided identical results for all three data sets. However, the geometric methods, referring to the Trapezoid Rule and Logger Pro technology, provided values that differed from one another and the algebraic methods. This highlights the importance of acknowledging the method used to derive the Gini Index to ensure consistency and to allow a valid interpretation. The results of this paper also suggest that the algebraic methods should be preferred over the geometric methods when dealing with discrete data to ensure consistent results.

Systematic Errors in Video Analysis

Video analysis helps students to connect physical, mathematical, and graphical models with the phenomena that the models represent and improves student kinematic graph interpretation skills. The wide-spread availability of easy to use software packages like Logger Pro (Vernier), Capstone (PASCO), and Tracker have led to many introductory physics courses adopting video analysis techniques in the classroom. Such uses include high-speed cameras to study rocket launches and other innovative applications. In this paper, we will look at ways in which some common systematic errors can affect outcomes.

Determination of Fill Factor and Efficiency in Solar Cell Type (99 × 69) mm2 with Arduino Uno R3 Based Drive assisted by Logger Pro 3.14.1

Abstrak- The study about fill factor and efficiency solar cell have been done with an automatic drive machine that rotates the surface of the solar cell following the movement of the light source from 0° up to 90° compared without automatic drive. The test results are then implemented to determine the fill factor and efficiency in variations in light intensity. In this study, polycrystalline solar cell type (99 × 69) mm2, the Philips 100W/220V light bulb at a distance of 18 cm and the driving machine is controlled through an Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller. Data acquisition of current and voltage is carried out with the help of DCP-BTA current and VP-BTA voltage probes that are connected to the mini labquest transducer and displayed to a computer through loggerpro software. The result show that it has been successfully designed an automatic driver of a solar panel (99 × 69) mm2 with an Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller and a logger pro software as data acquisition software. The using solar cell automatically driven can improve the accuracy and precision of current and voltage readings so the fill factor might be increased up to 10% while the efficiency of solar cells does not change. Variations in light intensity can increase the fill factor and efficiency of solar cells. Fill factor and efficiency have an exponentially relationship to light intensity.