Locomotor Activity In Dose-dependent Manner Research Articles

Characterization of anticonvulsant and antiepileptogenic potential of thymol in various experimental models

The present study was to investigate the anticonvulsant and antiepileptogenic potential of thymol. Anticonvulsant activity of thymol (5-100mg/kgi.p.) was studied using maximal electroshock, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), strychnine and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) models. Thymol at the selected dose was also studied for its effect on locomotion. Antiepileptogenic property of thymol (5-25mg/kg) was evaluated using PTZ-induced kindling model along with its effect on malondialdehyde and glutathione levels. Thymol (50 and 100mg/kg, i.p.) showed anticonvulsant activity against maximal electroshock and pentylenetetrazole (66.66 and 83.33% protection at 50 and 100mg/kg, respectively) model but not against strychnine and 4-aminopyridine models. Thymol exhibited decreased locomotor activity in dose-dependent manner at the same dose range. Thymol at the dose of (25mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased the seizure score, increased glutathione levels and decreased malondialdehyde levels in pentylenetetrazole-induced kindling model. Thymol exhibited significant anticonvulsant and antiepileptogenic property.

Adenosine antagonists reverse the cataleptic effects of haloperidol: Implications for the treatment of Parkinson's disease

The effects of adenosine antagonists were compared in two rodent models of Parkinsonian symptoms. In the first experiment the dopamine D 2 antagonist, haloperidol, was used to induce catalepsy. It was found that treatment with the non-selective adenosine antagonist caffeine significantly reduced catalepsy at each dose. Treatment with the selective A 1 antagonist CPT also produced a significant reduction in catalepsy, as did treatment with the selective A 2A antagonist SCH58261. In the second experiment haloperidol was used to suppress locomotor activity in an open field test. Treatment with caffeine significantly increased locomotion reduced by haloperidol, but not at all doses tested. Treatment with CPT also increased haloperidol-suppressed locomotor activity in dose-dependent manner. Surprisingly, treatment with SCH58261 did not significantly increase locomotor activity in animals treated with haloperidol at any dose tested. While some of these results were unexpected, the overall pattern suggests that adenosine antagonists would be useful as therapies for Parkinsonian patients as they appear to increase movement. The results also suggest that in acute timelines A 1 antagonists may be more beneficial than previously supposed.