Work Location Research Articles

Attitudes toward sex work among young women in Canadian universities: A complex landscape

Current research suggests that women students may increasingly turn to sex work to help finance their education due to increased economic demands and its glamourization in the media. To date, no research has empirically examined the influence of societal factors, such as the proliferation of digital technology, as factors increasing positive attitudes toward sex work. Addressing this gap, this exploratory study investigated whether women’s attitudes varied based on the context and venue of sex work. Additionally, the authors sought to enhance the understanding of established factors linked to attitudes toward sex work. One hundred fifty women-identified students completed an online survey with a within-subjects design to measure their attitudes toward five different types of sex work varying in level and type of contact from street level (in person/full contact) to webcamming (internet-mediated/no contact). In general, women students had negative attitudes toward sex work but held mildly positive attitudes regarding the activity/potency of sex work and, potentially, the women who engage in it. More positive attitudes were held toward sex work when women could maintain a “distance” between themselves and the client, either through a lack of direct genital contact or through digital technology. This research offers a detailed examination of university women’s attitudes toward various forms of sex work, uncovering valuable insights into societal perceptions and how these attitudes vary depending on the context and location of sex work.

Risk Factors for Occupational Blood Exposure, Compliance with Policies of Infection Prevention and Control, and Costs Associated with Post Exposure Management Among Nursing Staff.

To examine the risk factors linked with occupational blood exposure (OBE) among nursing staff (NS), we pinpoint deficiencies in the compliance with policies of infection prevention and control, and assess the expenditures associated with infection prevention and control. Healthcare workers that completed an "Occupational Blood Exposure Report Form" were divided into NS (observation) group and non-NS (control) group. Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to compare both groups in various aspects. We also explored design patents intended to minimize occupational exposure. The highest incidence of OBE was observed in the department of neurosurgery. Among NS, OBE incidence was found to be influenced by independent risk factors, such as gender, age, occupational title, work location, and incidence of sharps injuries. Protective factors against OBEs included the use of arterial blood gas needles and suture needles. Personal protective equipment (PPE) usage rates were low in both groups prior to OBEs (0.74% vs 0.00%, P > 0.05). Correct emergency management could be improved promptly by both groups following an OBE (P > 0.05). However, the observation group exhibited a higher proportion of blood expression after a sharps injury and a higher re-evaluation rate at 6 months post-exposure compared to the control group (P < 0.05). In 2018, the per capita costs of infection prevention and control for NS were the Chinese Yuan (RMB) 339.43 per individual. In response to these findings, two utility model patents have been authorized. The risk and protective factors related to the occurrence of OBEs were investigated in this study, suggesting that there is a need for improvement in the rate of PPE usage and the re-evaluation rate of OBEs among NS. Additionally, focused training on emergency blood expression and compliance with policies among non-NS personnel is deemed necessary.

Variation in occupational exposure risk for COVID-19 workers’ compensation claims across pandemic waves in Ontario

ObjectivesTo understand rates of work-related COVID-19 (WR-C19) infection by occupational exposures across waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario, Canada.MethodsWe combined workers’ compensation claims for COVID-19 with data from Statistics...

Will you ride the train? A combined home-work spatial segmentation approach

While the influence of land use and transport networks on travel behavior is known, few studies have jointly examined the effects of home and work location characteristics when modelling travel behavior. In this study, a two-step approach is proposed to investigate the combined effect of home and work location characteristics on the intent to use a new public transport service. Using data from the 2019 Montreal Mobility Survey (n=1698), this study examines the intent to use the Réseau Express Métropolitain (REM), a light rail under construction in Montreal, for commuting. A segmentation analysis is first conducted to characterize commuters based on their home and work location characteristics, resulting in six distinct home-work clusters. The clusters are then included in an ordered logistic regression modelling the intent to use the REM, along with socio-economic and attitudinal characteristics. Results from a dominance analysis reveal that the clusters are the third most important determinants of the intent to use the REM, even when controlling for individual characteristics. The addition of the clusters leads to a significant improvement of the model (likelihood of -2388.9 improved from -2400.7, p-value &lt; 0,05). All other clusters have a significantly lower probability (between 32 and 51% less likely) of intent to use the REM than the typical commuters (who commute from the suburbs to downtown, often by transit), at a 95% confidence interval. These findings underscore the implications of pursuing radial public-transport networks, illustrating the ability of the proposed approach to identify which groups are likely to benefit from a public-transport project and to propose recommendations anchored in joint home and work location patterns.

Structure, agency and change: early careers of novice principals in Sweden

ABSTRACT The importance of school leaders’ work for the development of schools is often highlighted in the research literature. However, school leadership is enacted in a social setting influenced by political, cultural, historical, and economic factors across societal as well as national settings. In Sweden, the turnover rates of school principals are high specifically among novice principals. This empirical study aims to contribute to our understanding of turnover related to structures and principal agency in the Swedish context by exploring the early stages of school principals’ careers, their work environments, and their ideas about careers and motives for action. The study is based on interviews with 14 novice principals, situated at the site of their school leader education and their workplace. The findings show a constant movement among novice principals regarding their work location, work responsibilities, and positioning within their current status, during their first years of duty as a principal. The findings reveal how structures and career agency consolidate ongoing movements, making it challenging to develop professional agency and situated concerns. The career movements of novice principals within the Swedish market-oriented school system revealed the educational sector to be positioned as a marketplace and the principal as a wear-and-tear item.

State Taxation of Nonresident Income and the Location of Work

Prior studies show that taxes matter for the residential locations of high-income earners. But states raise a significant share of revenue from nonresidents. Using variation in state tax rates, we provide causal evidence on the effect of the net-of-tax rate on the location of labor supply for professional golfers. State taxes induce high-income earners to shift employment to low-tax states without a residence change. The elasticity of working in a state is 0.34 and, consistent with the superstar phenomenon, increases with earnings. Our results suggest a novel margin of mobility responses for top earners: the spatial relocation of labor supply by nonresidents. (JEL H71, H73, J22, J44, J61, R23, Z22)

Classification of Standing Types at PT. Work Locations. Sustainable Forest Tusam in Krakap Dusun, Umang Village, Linge District, Central Aceh District

PT. Tusam Hutani Lestari is a company with an area of ± 97,300 Ha which has an Industrial Plantation Forest Concession Rights permit number 452/Kpts-11/92 dated 14 May in Aceh Province which is in the districts of Central Aceh, North Aceh, Bener Meriah and Bireuen. With a large working area, the forest area is divided into 6 working blocks, namely the Mount Salak block, Blangkuyu block, Lampahan block, Burni Telong block, Bidin block and Jambu Aye block, making this area have varied biodiversity. This observation aims to determine the diversity of types of stand distribution found on mixed forest land and to determine the value of the important value index (INP) for a type of stand at the PT work site. Tusam Sustainable Forest. The results show that there are 8 types of stands or trees with a total of 17 individuals in the mixed forest area. The dominant important value index (INP) is found in Eucalyptus trees at 60.57% and Pine at 58.66%, while the INP for all plant types in mixed forest area cover is 300% and is included in the high value, and the diversity index for the growth rate of mixed forest land cover shows that the PT Tusam Hutani Lestari work area is included in the medium criteria.

Klasifikasi Multi Class Pada Metode Kerja Jarak Jauh Menggunakan Algoritma Decision Tree dan Imbalance Data

The COVID-19 pandemic that has hit the world has forced workers to work from home to prevent the spread of the virus. However, until the pandemic is over, based on survey conducted on 100 employee, found that working from home (Work from Home) is still a choice that many workers are interested in because it considered to provide flexibility and save more times. But some of them prefer to work from the office because it is considered easier than to focus and can increase productivity and more interested mixed mode of working. The analysis and comparison determined to find out about which work locations are more popular with workers. One solution to overcome this problem is that a classification method is needed to group the factors that influence the choice of work location. The classification method used for data processing is the Decision Tree method. The method for class imbalance problems uses the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) method. Tests were execute using Decision Tree and SMOTE split data which obtained an accuracy of up to 83.08% at a ratio of 0.5 (5:5). In this research, it was found that 13% of workers preferred to work from home, 25% chose to work from an office, and 27% chose mixed work models.

Adjusting and re-adjusting: learnings from the experience of coworkers for the future of coworking and shared working spaces

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the learning gained from the evolving adjustment experiences of co-workers in moving to home-based working during the COVID-19 pandemic and the influence of these experiences on re-adjusting to return to co-working.Design/methodology/approachResults of a longitudinal qualitative study are reported where a group of co-workers were interviewed on three occasions between 2019 and 2022. Experiences are analysed alongside the adjustment to the remote work model using a boundary management lens.FindingsThe main adjustment experiences were in work location, temporal structures, professional and social interactions, and a new adjustment area was identified around family role commitment that emerged in the home-based setting. Boundary management practices were temporal, behavioural, spatial and object-related and evolved with the unfolding of adjustment experiences. A return to using co-working spaces was driven by the need for social interaction and spatial boundaries but affected by the requirement for increased privacy.Practical implicationsThis paper will help workplace managers to understand adjustment experiences and develop facilities that will support a positive shared working environment not fulfilled through home-based working.Originality/valueAlthough many workers abruptly transitioned to home-based working during the pandemic, this research considers those who would normally choose to work in a community-centred working environment rather than being home-based. As such, their experience of adjustment is of greater interest, particularly in terms of their expectations for shared working spaces.

N35 Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) nurses' knowledge practice and attitudes related to Microscopic Colitis (MC)

Abstract Background Microscopic Colitis (MC) is affiliated with and increasingly recognized as an Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis (IBD) were first described over a century ago. Microscopic Colitis was first described in 1976 and the last decade has seen increasing awareness and European guidelines developed. There is no education on microscopic colitis for IBD nurses and it is not known of the practice of MC by IBD nurses in Ireland. Furthermore it is not incorporated in the Nurse European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (N-ECCO) guidelines. The aim was to assess knowledge, practice and attitudes of IBD nurses in relation to MC. Methods A quantitative cross sectional survey research methodology was conducted using a 17 point questionnaire. 29 (n=29) IBD nurses from the IBD national association of Ireland (IBDNAI) responded from a total of 52 (55.7%). The inclusion criteria was 1) registered practicing nurse 2) on IBDNAI register 3) willing to participate. Data was recorded and analysed using SPSS software. Descriptive statistics were implemented. Cronbach's Alpha for instrument reliability was 0.789. Results The majority were female (90%) between ages 36-55 years (86%). The greater number (41%) had over 11 years of experience, followed by 38% with 1-5 years experience. The highest work location was Clinical Nurse Specialist 65.5% (n=19) and the majority qualified at Post Grad level (27.6%, n=8) or Masters level (34.5%, n=10). Mean and standard deviation scores for knowledge indicated no significant variation but variation was most significant with treatments for MC. Knowledge and years of experience revealed no significant variation. Less than one year experience (Mean 1.50 SD.707) and greater than 11 years (Mean 1.42 SD.669) Knowledge scores for symptoms are high (65.5%-90%) but investigations and treatments are average (31%, 38% and 48.3%). In relation to practice the majority of IBD nurses 71% do not receive referrals and 78.5% do not review patients diagnosed with MC at the out-patient department. Attitudes from IBD nurses regarding MC as part of the IBD nurse caseload, 42.8% said no and 57.10% said yes. 67% agreed that MC should be incorporated into the N-ECCO guidelines. Conclusion Education on Microscopic Colitis for IBD nurses is required nationally in Ireland which will improve the integration into practice. IBD nurses are best placed to care for patients diagnosed with MC. Recognition for MC to be incorporated into the Nurse European Crohn's and Colitis (N-ECCO) guidelines needs to be considered.

Visualization of Work Stress and Workload Data on Nurses at Makassar City Hospital (a Study Using Saliva Biomarker Examination Approach)

Background: Health services are one of the duties and responsibilities of a nurse. Providing optimal service is a major contribution to patient recovery. The implementation of services performed by nurses is usually faced with various conditions that can trigger work stress. Work stress is one of the obstacles for nurses in providing health services. The emergence of work stress in nurses due to their work being in close contact with patients and other factors such as work location, various inpatient cases, labor shortages, forced overtime hours, and the attitude of the head of the ward can put pressure on nurses. Objective: To determine the visualization of work stress and workload data on nurses at Makassar City Hospital using the approach of examining salivary biomarkers. Research methods: This study uses a longitudinal study approach, namely conducting an analytical study that aims to follow the development of work stress events in nurses at Makassar City Hospital. The research will be carried out for 3 years, namely 2023 – 2025. The first year of this research, namely 2023, has started from August-September 2023. The research location was carried out in 2 (two) Makassar City Hospitals namely Labuang Baji Hospital and Daya General Hospital. The number of samples in this study was 100 people. The research instrument used was a questionnaire used to collect primary data related to the characteristics of the respondents and workload. The cocorometer tool is used to measure work stress through salivary biomarkers. This tool functions to measure stress levels based on α-amylase in the salivary glands. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 21. Conclusion: Visualization of stress data found that respondents at Labuang Baji Hospital had 42 people who did not experience stress. Likewise, respondents at Daya General Hospital found 46 people who did not experience stress. This is in accordance with workload data for nurses in both hospitals. There were 16 people at Labuang Baji Hospital who stated their workload was light. It's the same with nurses who are at the Daya General Hospital. Most nurses stated that their workload was light, namely 27 people. It is hoped that nurses will continue to be able to control themselves (coping) against the working conditions they face, manage their time well, get enough rest, self-management to minimize the risk of stress. Another thing that is also important to apply is a healthy lifestyle and exercise. Hospital management is expected to properly implement policies and strategies related to stress and fatigue management in the workplace.

Remote area nurses' experiences of workplace safety in very remote primary health clinics: A qualitative study.

To explore Remote Area Nurses' experiences of the implementation of workplace health and safety policies and risk mitigation strategies in Australian very remote primary health clinics. This qualitative study used online semi-structured interviews, with participants purposively sampled to maximize variation in work location and service type. Data were analysed using a reflexive thematic analysis approach. Coding was carried out inductively, with NVivo 12 aiding data management. The interviews were conducted from 24 Februrary 2021 to 06 March 2021 with Remote Area Nurses from very remote primary health clinics in Australia. Fifteen Remote Area Nurses participated in the study. Thematic analysis revealed varied approaches to workplace safety among the different health services and regions. While the spread of 'never alone' policies in many clinics addressed one of the significant risks faced by Remote Area Nurses, gaps remained even for hazards specifically highlighted in existing work health and safety legislation. Meaningful collaboration with staff and the community, local orientation, preparation for the role and providing quality care were protective factors for staff safety. Understaffing, unsafe infrastructure and inadequate equipment were common concerns among Remote Area Nurses. Health services need to prioritize workplace safety and take a continuous quality improvement approach to its implementation. This will include ensuring safety strategies are appropriate for the local context, improving infrastructure maintenance, and establishing sustainable second responder systems such as a pool of drivers with local knowledge. Poor personal safety contributes to burnout and high turnover of staff. Nurses' insights into the barriers and enablers of current workplace safety strategies will aid policymakers and employers in future improvements. COREQ reporting guidelines were followed. A panel of six Remote Area Nurses collaborated in the development of this project.

Evaluating the sensitivity of mortality attributable to pollution to modeling Choices: A case study for Colorado

We evaluated the sensitivity of estimated PM2.5 and NO2 health impacts to varying key input parameters and assumptions including: 1) the spatial scale at which impacts are estimated, 2) using either a single concentration–response function (CRF) or using racial/ethnic group specific CRFs from the same epidemiologic study, 3) assigning exposure to residents based on home, instead of home and work locations for the state of Colorado. We found that the spatial scale of the analysis influences the magnitude of NO2, but not PM2.5, attributable deaths. Using county-level predictions instead of 1 km2 predictions of NO2 resulted in a lower estimate of mortality attributable to NO2 by ∼ 50 % for all of Colorado for each year between 2000 and 2020. Using an all-population CRF instead of racial/ethnic group specific CRFs results in a 130 % higher estimate of annual mortality attributable for the white population and a 40 % and 80 % lower estimate of mortality attributable to PM2.5 for Black and Hispanic residents, respectively. Using racial/ethnic group specific CRFs did not result in a different estimation of NO2 attributable mortality for white residents, but led to ∼ 50 % lower estimates of mortality for Black residents, and 290 % lower estimate for Hispanic residents. Using NO2 based on home instead of home and workplace locations results in a smaller estimate of annual mortality attributable to NO2 for all of Colorado by 2 % each year and 0.3 % for PM2.5. Our results should be interpreted as an exercise to make methodological recommendations for future health impact assessments of pollution.

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ФЕНОМЕНЫ ТРУДОВОЙ МИГРАЦИИ И САМОЗАНЯТОСТИ МОЛОДЕЖИ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ РЫНКЕ ТРУДА

The presented article discusses the issues of labor migration and self-employment of young people. On the basis of theoretical interpretations and research experience of domestic researchers, the category of labor is operationalized. Based on empirical data obtained as part of a sociological study with author participation, factors are shown that affect the reasons for the employment of young people in the recipient regions. Statistical data (ROSSTAT) are presented, reflecting the structure of the employed population by age and location of work. It was noted that one of the solutions in the issue of labor migration of youth may be self-employment, in connection with which its features are considered. The work also focuses on the need to find solutions and develop practices to support and develop the labor self-determination of the younger generation without a forced change of location – labor migration through self-employment opportunities. The further need to study the features of employment of various socio-demographic groups, the search and use of employment opportunities, types of employment is actualized.

The Opioid Crisis and the Location of Work: Evidence from Online Job Profile Data

The Opioid Crisis and the Location of Work: Evidence from Online Job Profile Data

The Current State of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Adoption in Vietnamese Education: A Teacher’s Perspective on Teaching Natural Sciences

Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies are increasingly applied across various fields, including education. However, in the Vietnamese education system, their use is still in its nascent stages. This article aims to analyze the current state of VR and AR adoption in the Vietnamese education system by evaluating two key aspects: the factors influencing the integration of VR and AR in teaching, and their roles in the Vietnamese educational context. The analysis is based on a survey conducted among 427 natural science teachers to assess the extent of technology adoption for instructional support, focusing on five factors: job positions, work locations, expertise levels, internet infrastructure, and English language proficiency. The research results reveal that, although VR and AR technologies have made their way into education, their adoption in Vietnam remains somewhat limited. The surveyed teachers indicate that the use of VR and AR enhances students’ learning experiences, making them more immersive and engaging when compared to traditional teaching methods. However, they do not have a comprehensive understanding of the full potential and roles of VR and AR in education. The findings obtained from this study serve as a foundational insight for future research, aimed at proposing solutions to leverage VR and AR technologies to improve student learning outcomes in a developing country like Vietnam.

Do Women Pay for Working from Home? Exploring Gender Gaps in Pay and Wellbeing by Work Location in the UK Cohort Studies

Do Women Pay for Working from Home? Exploring Gender Gaps in Pay and Wellbeing by Work Location in the UK Cohort Studies

LSTM and Word Embedding: Classification and Prediction of Puskesmas Reviews Via Twitter

Puskesmas is a location for top-notch volunteer work that benefits the village and city governments alike. Therefore, patient feedback regarding the kinds of services offered by the community health center is required in an attempt to improve the quality service performance. Patient opinions can be expressed through reviews or opinions about the quality of patient care on social media sites like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, WhatsApp, and Instagram. On the other hand, thoughts shared on social media are lengthy, unstructured texts. This complicates text analysis and makes it impossible to compare the caliber of services offered by Puskesmas managers. Furthermore, a number of Community Health Centers lack websites that allow users to rank Community Health Centers according to user interest and visual appeal and efficiency in operations. Thus, the purpose of this study is to classify and present sentiment analysis from Twitter about community health centers' health services. The scope focuses on five factors: administrative services, finances, mechanisms, health worker friendliness and skills, and administrative services. The LSTM word embedding model and the adadelta and adamax optimizers are used in word embedding for text mining. A confusion matrix was used to evaluate the developed model's degree of accuracy in categorizing and forecasting patient reviews. Results from the LSTM and Adamax models with a precision level of 76%, Recall 69% and Accuracy 71%. The results of this research show that the LSTM method and Adamax optimizer can classify and predict public opinion data about Puskesmas services via Twitter quite well. A high level of accuracy is very important to ensure that community opinions can be properly identified by the model, so that it can support the decision-making process in improving the type of Puskesmas services. To improve the model, further studies can be conducted on how to select parameters, select features, and create a quality dataset.

Improvement of the stoping technology in mining magnetite quartzite by underground methods

The ore deposits in Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin are mined using bulk ore and overlying rocks caving systems. These mining systems have a significant drawback, namely a 2 – 5% reduction in the iron content of the mined ore mass when mining rich ores and up to 15% when mining poor ores. Current technological solutions enable improvement of ore extraction values while increasing economic costs by 15 – 20%. Therefore, the present article proposes a technological solution that will improve extraction values for poor ores. The study conducted results in determining the optimal distance between drawpoints of the receiving level and substantiates location of additional workings in the footwall, which reduces ore losses and increases ore mass extraction values. The proposed technological solution will reduce ore losses by 10 – 15% of the standard losses and increase ore extraction values by 5 – 15%, while reducing iron content by 5 – 7% of the initial one. Thus, the study conducted proves that the use of an additional level located 30 – 35 m above the main receiving level allows reduction of ore losses from 27.39% to 21.19%, and the iron content in the extracted ore mass – by only 3% instead of 12%.

Assessment of the respiratory predicament of bus drivers in different environmental conditions

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Bus drivers work in different environmental conditions. Pollution is one of the main burdens of their day-to-day work. Traffic flow is the likely to significantly increase emissions of different types of pollutants such as carbon monoxide, particulate matter, oxides of nitrogen, and hydrocarbons. Drivers suffer from different types of respiratory problems due to exposure to these pollutants. Studies on bus drivers are rare, and reports are scanty. METHODS: Thus, it was necessary to study respiratory functions and environmental factors in bus drivers of West Bengal. According to the locations of work, i.e. rural and urban, 254 subjects or bus drivers were involved in this study. They were alienated into two groups: rural (n = 108) and urban (n = 146). The physical parameters of the subjects were measured. European Community Respiratory Health Survey-II questionnaire was administered to know their different respiratory responses. A lung function test was performed for all the subjects. Sputum cell was counted from the induced sputum of the subjects. RESULTS: It was found that symptoms such as cough, wheezing, and phlegm were three times higher in Group 2 compared to Group 1. Spirometric findings showed that slow vital capacity (SVC), forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in the 1st s (FEV1) were significantly lower among the urban or Group 2 bus drivers. It was also detected that the mean value of SVC and FEV1 were significantly lower with the smoking habit. Sputum cells study showed that significant decrease in the mean value of the total count of the urban group. However, the mean value of neutrophil count was significantly increased in urban drivers’ sputum. CONCLUSION: From this overall study, it may be determined that the drivers of both rural and urban vicinity were prone to respiratory illness due to their regular dusty working environment. Regular exposure to this environment was the potent cause of different types of respiratory illness.