It is of interest to investigate the molecular order of cellulose xanthate coagurated from viscose, since the properties of regenerated cellulose, such as crystallinity, size of crystallites and crystal systems, markedly depend on the order. In the present investigation, the lattice order of cellulose xanthates coagulated in several kind of baths were studied in relation to its γ-value, components of the bath, crystal systems of regenerated cellulose. It has been observed that X-ray diffraction patterns of cellulose xanthates coagurated by dehydration depend on γ-value. Cellulose xanthate of higher γ-value give a broader X-ray diffraction diagram. The much decreased diffraction intensity of (101) reflection, which indicates the lower degree of lattice order in the direction perpendicular to the (101) planes, can be interpreted in terms of the location of hydroxyl groups on (101) planes. In cellulose xanthates, in which hydrogen bonds were broken by xanthation, regularity of (101) planes decreased.Relatively pronounced diffraction intensity of (10_??_) and (002) planes show that these planes were mainly constructed by van der Waals force, and chains could be bound together regularly in the direction perpendicular to these planes. Crystal structure of cellulose xanthate observed by K. Hess with xanthated ramie could not be observed about cellulose xanthate reproduced by dehydration.Cellulose xanthates coagurated in K2SO4, Na2SO4, NH4Cl, MgSO4, SrCl2 solutions show the similar X-ray diffraction patterns to that of sodium xanthate coagulated by methanol. These xanthates, being soluble in water, are thought to be mainly by dehydration even in the case of bivalent metallic salt coagurants. On the other hand, cellulose xanthates coagulated by ZnSO4 or the other multivalent metallic salts give broader X-ray patterns. It appears to be related to the crossbonds between cellulose xanthate molecules, which hinder the molecules to orient regularly even in the direction perpendicular to (10_??_) and (002) planes. Such an effect was confirmed by treatment of crystalline cellulose xanthate with ZnSO4 solutions. From the fact that this treatment caused a gradual broadning of the X-ray patterns, it may be concluded that multivalent metallic cations could penetrate into the paracrystals of cellulose xanthate to disturb their lattice order by cross-bonds.Insoluble metal xanthates are converted into cellulose IV on regeneration in hot water as will be reported later.