Local Airport Research Articles

ВПЛИВ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ СИСТЕМИ КИЄВА НА ЖИТТЯ І МОБІЛЬНІСТЬ ЙОГО ЖИТЕЛІВ

The features of the socio-geographic research of urban transport systems impact on the people vital functions are disclosed in this paper. The indicators of transport networks development and current requirements for public transport are analyzed. It is revealed that a key concept of the investigation of transport impact on the population is accessibility. Accessibility is defined as the ability of individual to access to certain centers or services. It involves such aspects as services availability and quality, travel time, cost and effort of movement in space. Article emphasizes that the indigents suffer the cumulative effect of poor transport accessibility, because of their habitats in low-price neighborhoods are often located far from the places of employment or services. The high cost of transportation and required high travel efforts restricts mobility. The map of travel time accessibility to the Kyiv center by public transport was created using the isochronous method. The analysis of this map allows identifying the disparities in the development of the transport network. In some areas a very low accessibility can be revealed due to lack of access roads, land forms complexity, individual housing system, the airport location, railway lines with insufficient number of bridges etc. Particularly difficult situation is typical for such areas as Darnytskyi Railway Carriage Repair Plant region, Juliani, Troyeshchyna and Borschagivka. The average daily passenger traffic flow of the stations of three subway lines in Kiev was analyzed. The maximum and minimum loads and factors that affect them are considered. It is revealed in the research that Kiev transport system has a low level of availability, safety, environmental friendliness and comfort and not enough advantageous for persons with disabilities. The excessive level of automobilization in Kiev can be considered as the evidence of imperfection and inconvenience of the public transport there. From the other hand the motorized vehicles are a factor that displaces public transport from the urban transport system and prevent its development. The priority measures for the improvement of transport situation in Ukraine capital are outlined. They include solving the problem of Dnipro river bridges congestion; enhancement the accessibility of areas cut off by railways in the way of expanding the network of overpasses; construction of the new modes of high-speed light-rail transit; adoption of the traffic automated management system; development and encouragement of the use of environmentally sound forms of transport (vehicles powered by electricity or alternative fuels, etc.).

The Impacts of Civil Airport layout to Yunnan Local Tourism Industry

Abstract Under the new-type urbanization background, the rich tourism resources and the relatively well-developed civil aviation airport system make the civil aviation to overcome the time and space barrier, and promote the development of Yunnan's tourism urbanization. The tourism value of scenic resources and on air transport high accessibility, attracting more tourists, tourism related industry and practitioners, facilities, capital in tourism destination aggregation, forming urban tourism economy of scale and increasing marginal benefit, to promote the development of Enclave cities and towns. In the empirical study of Yunnan, based on correlation analysis, coupled coordination degree analysis, GIS spatial analysis method, it is found that civil aviation and the development of Yunnan tourism and urban development are highly positive correlation. By the local airport hub and spoke system structure and non-balanced spatial distribution characteristics influence, it formed three-level tourism town system in Yunnan. Finally the paper proposed suggestions on coordinating the development of aviation and tourism industry.

An Israeli haboob: Sea breeze activating local anthropogenic dust sources in the Negev loess

Abstract Meso-scale weather systems, such as convective haboobs, are considered to be an important dust generation mechanism. In Israel, however, rather than of meso-scale weather systems, most dust storms are generated by synoptic-scale systems, originating from Sahara and Arabia. Consequently, only distal sources of suspended and deposited dust in Israel are currently reported. Here we report the first detailed study on the merging of synoptic- and meso-scale weather systems leading to a prominent dust outbreak over the Negev, Israel. During the afternoon of May 2 nd , 2007, a massive dust storm covered the northern Negev, forming a one kilometer high wall of dust. The haboob was associated with PM 10 concentrations of 1000–1500 μg m −3 that advanced at a speed of 10–15 m s −1 and caused temporary closure of local airports. In contrast to most reported haboobs, this one was generated by a sea breeze front acting as a weak cold front enhanced by a cold core cyclone positioned over Libya and Egypt. The sea breeze that brought cold and moist marine air acted as a gravity current with strong surface winds. The sources for the haboob were the loessial soils of the northwestern Negev, especially agricultural fields that were highly disturbed in late spring to early summer. Such surface disturbance is caused by agricultural and/or intensive grazing practices. Our study emphasizes the importance of local dust sources in the Negev and stresses loess recycling as an important process in contemporary dust storms over Israel.

Exotic mosquito threats require strategic surveillance and response planning.

Mosquito-borne diseases caused by endemic pathogens such as Ross River, Barmah Forest and Murray Valley encephalitis viruses are an annual concern in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. More than a dozen mosquito species have been implicated in the transmission of these pathogens, with each mosquito occupying a specialised ecological niche that influences their habitat associations, host feeding preferences and the environmental drivers of their abundance. The NSW Arbovirus Surveillance and Mosquito Monitoring Program provides an early warning system for potential outbreaks of mosquito-borne disease by tracking annual activity of these mosquitoes and their associated pathogens. Although the program will effectively track changes in local mosquito populations that may increase with a changing climate, urbanisation and wetland rehabilitation, it will be less effective with current surveillance methodologies at detecting or monitoring changes in exotic mosquito threats, where different surveillance strategies need to be used. Exotic container-inhabiting mosquitoes such as Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus pose a threat to NSW because they are nuisance-biting pests and vectors of pathogens such as dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses. International movement of humans and their belongings have spread these mosquitoes to many regions of the world. In recent years, these two mosquitoes have been detected by the Australian Government Department of Agriculture and Water Resources at local airports and seaports. To target the detection of these exotic mosquitoes, new trapping technologies and networks of surveillance locations are required. Additionally, incursions of these mosquitoes into urban areas of the state will require strategic responses to minimise substantial public health and economic burdens to local communities.

Exploring accessibility from spatial interaction data: An evaluation of the Essential Air Service (EAS) program in the contiguous US air transport system

This paper is primarily concerned with the accessibility of airports located in small and geographically isolated communities. Specifically, it carries out a sensitivity analysis to derive rates of change for the parameters of a spatial interaction model applied to empirical air passenger trip data, and interprets the results focusing on the local airports subsidized by the Essential Air Service program. An empirical trip based accessibility measure is developed for individual airports in the contiguous US air transportation system. The measure enables us to capture the distinctive roles of small airports, which primarily function as regional associates of nearby cities and entrances for long-haul trips via major hub(s) to continental-scale connections. We observe the geographic and temporal variability of accessibility among airports, regarding the external factors including the dynamics of air carriers’ routing schemes, as well as global and local circumstances. Their impacts on passenger journey lengths are substantial at the local airports due to the few available connections. This issue has received less attention in existing subsidy program assessments. Furthermore, we explore the geographic distribution of non-subsidized local airports showing similar accessibility conditions. This paper enhances prior development by showing that the rates of change in accessibility scores are largely stable over recent national air passenger data.

Location of airports - selected quantitative methods

Location of airports - selected quantitative methods

Customer perception of service quality: The role of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) at airport functional areas

The increase of passengers and flights require airports operators invest in improving the comfort for users. In this regard, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) represent one of the key issues to take into account. This paper aims to assess service quality in an airport environment and examining how ICTs services affect passenger's perception about the quality of service at airport functional areas. The empirical results, based on a survey conducted by the Chilean aviation authority during April 2013 among the travellers of Santiago de Chile's Airport, suggest that airports should improve mainly the way of communicating flight information to users and the location of the different airport's utilities. Implications for airport managers and policy makers are drawn from the empirical findings and future research lines are suggested.

AIRPORT PRIVATIZATION COMPETITION INCLUDING DOMESTIC AIRLINE MARKETS

This study addresses the problem of hub airport privatization in a domestic airline market, where each country has one major hub airport and multiple local airports. We find that when both countries have very small domestic airline markets, airport privatization occurs at the Nash equilibrium. However, when at least one country has a large domestic airline market, the public airport becomes an equilibrium outcome. Furthermore, depending on the number of airline markets and degree of product differentiation, an asymmetric equilibrium may appear.

Airport location in multiple airport regions (MARs): The role of land and airside accessibility

This paper approaches the airport location problem as a function of accessibility considerations. First, a structural equation model is established to find the relationship between the size of an airport catchment area and its flight network scale. Landside and airside accessibilities are measured by the qualities and costs of surface transportation and flight networks. The two accessibilities are combined to form a regional air transportation accessibility profile, which can be used as a criterion to evaluate airport locations at a macro-planning level. Finally, the scenarios of airport locations in terms of small and large areas are analyzed using two regional case studies in China.

A new indicator to measure the noise impact around airports: The Real Estate Tolerance Level (RETL) – Case study around Charles de Gaulle Airport

The Community Tolerance Level (CTL) is a new indicator which characterizes the impact of aircraft noise around local airport. It corresponds to the exposure sound level (DENL or DNL) where 50% of the population is highly annoyed. Inspired by this indicator, this paper aims at calculating the Real Estate Tolerance Level (RETL) which corresponds to the exposure sound level where a property price is 50% depreciated compared to the price of the same property which would be situated in an area whose DENL is below 50dB(A). The use of a notarial database analyzed with the Hedonic Price Model (HPM) made it possible to calculate the percentage of property price depreciation around CDG airport, with 1-dB steps of DENL, and so far to calculate the RETL. 19,891 house transactions and 23,264 apartments have been localized with a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and crossed with the Sound Environment Curves provided by Airport of Paris. The RETL value for single houses and for apartments around CDG is 75.8dB. It is comparable to the mean CTL value which has been estimated to 73.3dB from the DNL data of 43 airports over the world (about 73.9dB from DENL data). The RETL is predictable without field survey and could characterize the impact of aircraft noise around local airports. It could be a good indicator to follow the evolution of population tolerance over the years.

Impact of delays and cancellations on travel from small community airports

Commercial air service is important to residents and tourists in small communities, but small communities have seen a reduction (and sometimes elimination) of commercial air service. Anecdotal evidence suggests that flight interruptions (delays and cancellations) negatively impact these airports, as local residents drive to nearby hubs instead of flying from the local airport. This study looks at the impact of delays and cancellations by considering their effect on an entire travel itinerary. This study investigates 207 itineraries from eight small American airports to 11 hub airports. On average, passengers on about one in six (16.4%) connecting itineraries would face a missed connection due to delay or cancellation. In addition, delays on origin flights magnify across connections. An average delay on the initial flight (68 min) would lead to an average arrival delay of 90 min across all itineraries, while a cancellation would lead to an arrival delay of over 10 h. This study also introduces a measure of overall lateness that combines delay and cancellation percentages with final destination arrival times across nonstop and connecting itineraries. These flight interruptions may have consequences on maintaining air service, which affects community residents and potential visitors.

A field investigation of flight anxiety: Evidence of gender differences in consumer behaviors among Las Vegas passengers

Purpose: This study examines how anxious the Las Vegas public is through a case study of one local international airport. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study examines gender differences in consumer behaviors among the flying public inside Las Vegas McCarran International Airport in a field experiment theoretically grounded in Terror Management Theory. Findings and Originality/Value: Because airports are replete with reminders of human mortality, it is not a surprise that death awareness and flight anxiety may be closely related. The flying public that is anxious to fly presents an interesting public relations situation for airports. Therefore, this study examines how anxious the Las Vegas public is through a case study of one local international airport. Results show that flight anxiety does provoke the same kind of existential defenses that traditional death awareness does. This study also suggests that men and women do not react to flight anxiety in a uniform way, they are different in their reactions in seeking to gamble, eating unhealthy food, and an increased desire for electronic entertainment.

A Study on the Location of the Hub Distribution Center in the Europe with Air Freight Transportation Effects -Focused on Korea-EU FTA-

전 세계적으로 자유무역협정(FTA)이 활발히 체결되고 있다. FTA는 무역창출 및 무역전환효과가 발생되어 물류수요가 창출되 거나 기존에 수행해오던 물류체계에 대한 변화를 초래할 수 있어, 물류 서비스를 제공하는 3자 물류업체들은 이러한 변화에 대응하기 위해 물류센터를 포함한 수배송 서비스 전반에 걸친 물류 네트워크 체계의 재조정이 필요하다. 그러나 항공물류의 경우 공항과 항공 운송사를 중심으로 움직이는 물류 특성으로 인해 3자 물류업체는 자사의 특성에 맞는 물류센터 입지를 선정하는데 많은 어려움이 있어, 2011년 7월 한국-EU FTA가 발효되었음에도 불구하고 EU 내에 우리나라 물류 경쟁력 제고를 위한 항공화물 허브물류센터 입지에 관한 연구는 거의 이루어지지 않았다. 이에 본 연구에서는 우선 한국-EU FTA에 따른 항공화물 물동량 변화를 점검한다. 그리고 허브 네트워크는 규모의 경제효과가있다는 전제 하에 Hub-and-Spoke 체계를 한국과 EU 국가들 사이에서 발생한 실 항공화물 데이터를 근거로 항공기의 연간 총 연료소모량과 수송비를 추정해 보았다. 이러한 추정치를 이용해 최적 허브물류센터의 입지를 연구해 Hub-and-Spoke 방식이 Point-to-Point 방식과 비교했을 때 우수한 이점을 갖는지도 분석해 보았다.Free Trade Agreement(FTA) has been actively engaged in global. FTA has a trade creation and diversion effects. These effects create the logistics demand. Therefore, it is possible to bring about some changes in the distribution system and logistics service providers should respond to these changes. It means logistics service providers are required readjustment of their distribution network for a shipping services, including logistics(distribution) centers. However, air freight logistics has some characteristics that logistics service providers should move with the airport location and the air transport company in order to provide their service. Therefore, logistics service providers have some difficulty in selecting distribution centers which are suitable for their logistics characteristics. Even though Korea-EU FTA took effect in July 2011, there was no study about air freight hub location. Therefore, this study looks into the change situation of the air freight volume associated with the Korea-EU FTA. And, with the premise that the Hub-and-Spoke network has the effect of the economy of scale, it tries to estimate the total annual fuel consumption of aircraft and transportation costs in order to solve where is the optimal hub location in EU on the basis of the real-air freight data that occurred between Korean and EU.

An Alternative to Solve Conflicts of New Airport Location Policy by Residents Participation

An Alternative to Solve Conflicts of New Airport Location Policy by Residents Participation

A Bicycle-Based Field Measurement System for the Study of Thermal Exposure in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, USA

Collecting a fine scale of microclimate data can help to determine how physical characteristics (e.g., solar radiation, albedo, sky view factor, vegetation) contribute to human exposure to ground and air temperatures. These data also suggest how urban design strategies can reduce the negative impacts of the urban heat island effect. However, urban microclimate measurement poses substantial challenges. For example, data taken at local airports are not representative of the conditions at the neighborhood or district level because of variation in impervious surfaces, vegetation, and waste heat from vehicles and buildings. In addition, fixed weather stations cannot be deployed quickly to capture data from a heat wave. While remote sensing can provide data on land cover and ground surface temperatures, resolution and cost remain significant limitations. This paper describes the design and validation of a mobile measurement bicycle. This bicycle permits movement from space to space within a city to assess the physical and thermal properties of microclimates. The construction of the vehicle builds on investigations of the indoor thermal environment of buildings using thermal comfort carts.

Supply-and-demand models for exploring relationships between smaller airports and neighboring hub airports in the U.S.

Airport passenger leakage is the phenomenon of air passengers choosing to travel longer distances to access more extensive air services offered by airlines at an out-of-region hub (or, substitute) airport, instead of using their local airports. Airport leakage can cause further reduction in services offered by airlines at a local airport, thereby causing even further leakage, and so on, which can significantly impact an airport's role in the growth of the local economy. This paper explores the geographic and operational attributes of local-and-substitute airport pairs in the United States, explicitly accounting for the interactive feedback relationship between passenger volumes and air service characteristics that contribute to the onset, persistence, and exacerbation of airport passenger leakage. A two-stage least squares regression model of air passenger demand at small- and medium-sized airports is first presented, where local passengers may travel by vehicle to larger, out-of-region hub airports. The results confirm that airfare and passenger volume relationships exist between the local and substitute airport pairs included in the dataset, and that lower airfares at the substitute airport have a greater impact on airport choices made by larger travel groups. They also suggest the existence of positive feedback in that if an airport attracts increasingly smaller passenger numbers with fewer air services and fewer air services with fewer passengers, without external intervention airport leakage impacts may be irreversible and exacerbate over time. A conceptual market share equilibrium analysis is used to illustrate the mechanisms of a direct two-way feedback relationship between passenger volumes at a local airport and air service characteristics at both the local and substitute airports. With data, this quantitative framework can help guide airport planners in further assessing and verifying suspected passenger leakage issues at their airport. The results suggest that without intervention, airport leakage impacts may be difficult to reverse; further exacerbating the trend are technological advancements that make driving cheaper and easier (connected and autonomous vehicles). However, the results can also guide planners in choosing the types and degrees of infrastructure investments and airline incentives that may be used to expand or retain air services to attract passengers.

China's comac to challenge Boeing and Airbus

The C919, China's answer to the Airbus A320 and Boeing 737, is slated to have its first test flight later this year. Built by the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China (Comac), the twin-engine airliner had its celebratory rollout last November in Shanghai. But even if this year's flight-testing goes well, don't expect to fly on a C919 right away. Indeed, if you live in Europe or the United States, don't expect to even see one at your local airport.

Market Potential Study for Standing Cabin Concept for Domestic Low-Cost Commercial Airlines in Malaysia

An affordable air transportation has become the operational aim of many airlines these days. This is to cater the growing air travel demands from people of different social and economic status. One of the revolutionary proposals to reduce the operational costs, hence the flight ticket price, is by introducing the so-called standing cabin concept. This concept involves transporting passengers during the entire flight in their standing position with a proper support of a vertical seat. As can be expected with many new inventions, despite its clear advantages, the concept has been met with mixed reactions from the public. This study intends to establish whether the standing cabin concept has a market potential to be implemented for domestic flights in Malaysia. The public perception is determined from collected data through a survey done at two major local low-cost airport terminals. It can be concluded from the results that the concept has a good market potential for application on flights with duration of less than two hours.

MILLIMETER-WAVE HOLOGRAPHIC IMAGING ALGORITHM WITH AMPLITUDE CORRECTIONS

Security detection is becoming extremely important with the growing threat of terrorism in recent years. An effective millimeter-wave (mmw) holographic imaging system is presented in this paper, which can be applied in nondestructive detection such as security detection in airport or other public locations. The imaging algorithm is an extension of the work before as it takes the decay of the amplitude with range into account. The experiment result of an imaging system working at 28-33 GHz frequencies indicates good quality of the algorithm.

Managing Raptor-Aircraft Collisions on a Grand Scale: Summary of a Wildlife Services Raptor Relocation Program

Author(s): Schafer, Laurence M.; Washburn, Brian E. | Abstract: Bird-aircraft collisions (bird strikes) pose a serious safety risk to aircraft. Raptors (i.e., hawks and owls) are one of the most frequently struck guild of birds within North America. Integrated wildlife damage management programs combine a variety of non-lethal and lethal management tools to reduce the presence and duration of raptors at airports. Live-capture and translocation away from an airport is a commonly used method to reduce the risk of raptor-aircraft collisions. In 2007, USDA APHIS Wildlife Services (WS) developed an airport program-specific plastic leg band (i.e., black with yellow alpha-numerics) for use in operational raptor management activities by the agency at airports. As part of this nation-wide effort, WS airport biologists live-captured, marked with auxiliary markers (i.e., project-specific leg band), and conducted over 3,900 raptor translocations from airports and military bases located in 16 states during January 2008-May, 2015. This represents a large portion of the raptors that were managed using this non-lethal method by WS during these years. Not unexpectedly, raptor translocation efforts and the raptor species managed varied among geographic regions/states and at specific airport locations due to a variety of logistical factors. Fifteen different raptor species were marked and translocated during this effort. Red-tailed hawks, American kestrels, and great horned owls accounted for 58%, 14%, and 6% of marked/translocated birds, respectively. Although research is needed to better understand and increase the efficacy of such management efforts, this non-lethal method of reducing the presence of individual raptors at airports will be an important component of future wildlife damage mitigation programs.