Location Determination Techniques Research Articles

Kelayakan Usaha Gula Kelapa Di Kabupaten Kulonprogo

The coconut plant (Cocos nucifera L.) is a strategic commodity that has an important role in the social, cultural and economic aspects of society. Kulon Progo Regency has a coconut plantation area of ​​16,104 ha, with productivity reaching 26,152 tons. Meanwhile, Panjatan District contributed 3,856 tons of coconut production with a coconut plantation area of ​​2,065 ha (BPS Kulon Progo Regency, 2021). The large area and high productivity of coconut in Panjantan District have great potential in developing the coconut sugar agro-industry. Apart from that, coconut sugar business actors in Kulon Progo Regency have received the European standard CSQA (Certified Software Quality Analyst) geographical indication certificate from the Ministry of Law and Human Rights. Coconut sugar has an important role in meeting local sugar needs, especially for people who still rely on natural sugar as a source of sugar. Coconut sugar also has high economic value, is in demand in local and international markets. So, this research wants to see the feasibility of the brown sugar business in Panjatan. The location determination technique was carried out purposively, while sampling was carried out using simple random sampling. Data was collected for one week. The results of the analysis show that the feasibility of the coconut sugar business in Panjatan is worth pursuing, because the results of the R/C value analysis are more than 1, namely 1.02. Capital productivity of 1.93% is greater than the bank savings interest rate of 0.175%. Labor productivity of Rp. 112,729,- exceeds the daily wage in Luweng Lor Village, namely Rp. 40,000,-. The BEP price is Rp. 13,106,- which is smaller than the average price for the coconut sugar household industry in Luweng Lor Village, which is Rp. 13,313,-. Meanwhile, the production BEP of 42 kg is smaller than the average production amount for coconut sugar craftsmen, namely 43 kg. To increase the coconut sugar business by using a larger tool for boiling sap, so that productivity will increase.

Analysis of Production Factors that Influence the Production of Red Chili Farming in Taraju District, Tasikmalaya Regency

This aims to analyze the factors used in red chili farming activities and the factors that influence red chili production in Banyuasih Village, Taraju District, Tasikmalaya Regency. Research method with a survey approach. The research was conducted in Banyuasih Village, Taraju District, Tasikmalaya Regency—location determination technique using purposive sampling. The essential consideration is that this location is a red chili center. The data used are primary and secondary. The population in this study were sizeable red chili farmers in Banyuasih Village, totaling 210 farmers and members of 6 farmer groups. So that the determination of respondents or research samples is carried out using proportional random sampling. The analytical method used to determine the influence of production factors on production uses a regression equation with the Cobb-Douglas function model and classical assumption testing with Eviews software. Overall (simultaneously) production factor variables: seeds (X1), land area (X2), labor (X3), Urea (X4), Phonska (X5), compost (X6), KCL Fertilizer (X7), Manure ( X8), Insecticide (X9), Herbicide (X10), Fungicide (X11), Dolomite (X12) simultaneously influence red chili production at a 95% confidence level. According to the results of the t-test analysis, the variables that had a significant effect were seeds, labor, and phosca. Meanwhile, the variables of land area, compost, KCl fertilizer, urea fertilizer, manure, insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and dolomite had no significant effect on red chili production.

Benchmarking Method to Increase Application of Organic Rice Cultivation Technology

Organic farming is the key to agricultural sustainability in the future, but farmers have not implemented it much. This study aims to determine the application of technology in organic rice cultivation to farmers in the Sri Jati Kalurahan Jatisarono Farmer Group, Kapanewon Nanggulan. This research uses descriptive qualitative with observation and interviews. The research was conducted from January to June 2022. The location determination technique is carried out by purposive sampling. The data was analyzed by benchmarking, namely comparing businesses at the research site with more advanced organic rice businesses. The results of the study showed that the application of technology in the Sri Jati Farmer Group compared to the Makmur Farmer Group showed differences in the selection of seed varieties. Pros: on the method of cultivation, and harvesting. While the similarities are in aspects: land processing, seeding seedlings, and weed control. Weaknesses in aspects: fertilization and control of pests. Empowerment activities are emphasized on making fertilizer with rabbit urine and controlling pests with natural ingredients.

Closed-Form Solution of TDOA-Based Geolocation and Tracking: A Recursive Weighted Least Square Approach

The location determination technique using time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements has been widely used in the military and observation industry. The accuracy of geolocation estimation is a very significant problem because measurement data are affected by environmental noise. Environmental noise occurs due to measurement error and the non-line of sight (NLOS) problem. This paper presents a Kalman filter-based NLOS section identification method and an iterative estimation of emitter location using the recursive weighted least square (RWLS) algorithm. Using fixed receivers with known locations, we obtain TDOA data that contain environmental noise. We identify the NLOS section of each receiver using a Kalman filter. Using the identified line of sight (LOS) TDOA measurements, we accurately derive the estimated location of an emitter with a fast calculation speed using the proposed RWLS algorithm when we receive additional TDOA data. In order to confirm the performance of the RWLS algorithm, the presented simulation results show that the proposed technique achieves improved accuracy and speed for estimating the emitter location.

Detection of Fault Direction and Location in Compensated System using Sequence Component

Objectives: The proposed scheme presents a fault direction estimation as well as fault location determination technique for short transmission line using positive sequence component. An objective of the suggested work is to recognize direction of fault and locate it in short transmission line using positive sequence component. Methods/Analysis: Solution is given based on difference between positive sequence post-fault and steady state current phasor and difference of magnitude among post-fault and steady state positive sequence voltage phasor for fault direction estimation. Fault location is estimated by two-terminal method. Fast Fourier Transform is considered to detect the direction of fault and Discrete Fourier Transform is used to find the location of fault. The proposed work is estimated by simulated data in PSCAD and MATLAB/SIMULINK for a compensated line. Findings: Fault detection as well as fault location estimation in both sections of compensated line considering transmission line issues is identified properly. Many techniques are available for fault direction estimation and fault location determination. Sometimes available methods do not provide proper result of different issues which are present in compensated system. The proposed method is tested for forward power flow, reverse power flow, voltage inversion and current inversion cases. Simulation results show that proposed technique properly detects the direction of fault and locating the exact location of fault. Novelty/ Improvement: This approach deals with detection as well as location identification of fault in compensated system, so it is computationally efficient.

A Novel Location Determination Technique for Traffic Control and Surveillance using Stratospheric Platforms

This paper presents a new technique for location determination using the promising technique of stratospheric platform (SP) flying at altitudes 17-22 km high and a suitable Direction-of-Arrival technique (DOA). The SP system is preferable due to its superior communication performance compared to conventional terrestrial and satellite systems. The proposed technique provides central information about accurate locations for mobile stations which is very important for traffic control and rescue operations at emergency situations. The DOA estimation in this technique defines the user location using high resolution DOA technique such as MUSIC which provides an accuracy comparable to the Global Positioning System (GPS) technique but without the need for GPS receivers. Several scenarios for users’ locations determination are examined to define the robustness of the proposed technique.

독서장애인용 디지털음성도서를 위한 음성 어노테이션 기법

디지털 음성 도서는 독서장애인의 독서 환경 개선을 위해 개발되었다. 그러나 기존 디지털 음성 도서에서의 어노테이션 기능(도서에 노트나 하이라이트 등의 주석을 표기하는 행위)은 시력을 필요로 하는 화면 인터페이스를 통해서만 가능했기 때문에 독서장애인들에게는 무용지물이었던 것이 사실이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 듣는 능력과 음성만으로도 노트나 하이라이트 달기 같은 어노테이션 기능을 가능하게 해주는 음성 어노테이션 기법을 제안한다. 디지털음성도서 재생 중 입력된 음성 어노테이션이 어느 문장에 해당하는 것인지를 결정하는 기법을 설계하였으며, 이의 효용성을 검증하기 위해 안드로이드 환경에서 구현하였다. 눈가리개를 착용한 복수의 실험자들을 대상으로 실험한 결과 실험자들이 의도했던 위치에 정확히 어노테이션이 삽입된다는 것을 확인하였다. Digital talking book has been developed to enhance reading experiences for reading-disabled people. In the existing digital talking book, however, annotations can be created only through the screen interfaces. Screen annotation interfaces is of no use for reading-disabled people because they need reader's eyesight. In this paper, we suggest a voice annotation technique can create notes and highlights at any playing time by using hearing sense and voice command. We design a location determination technique that pinpoints where a voice annotation should be placed in the playing sentences. To verify the effectiveness of our voice annotation technique, we implement a prototype in an android platform. We can find out by the black-blindfolded users testing that our system can perfectly locate the exact position that a voice annotation should be placed into.

익명성을 제공하는 RSSI기반 V2V 메시지 인증기법

지능형 차량 네트워크(VANET)는 차량 간 (V2V, Vehicle to Vehicle) 또는 차량과 노변장치간 (V2I, Vehicle to Infrastructure)의 통신을 통해 서비스를 제공하는 기술이다. 지능형 차량 네트워크는 통신을 통해 유통되는 정보의 중요성을 고려해 볼 때 메시지의 인증 및 보안은 필수적인 요건이다. 현재 VANET의 보안성을 향상시키기 위해 다양한 인증기법이 연구되고 있다. 그중에서도 RAISE scheme은 차량 밀집환경에서의 인증을 익명으로 수행한다. 하지만 스킴에 사용된 기법인 k-anonymity는 익명성을 제공하는 대신 차량의 ID를 얻기 위해 불필요한 전수조사 연산을 수행해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 차량 간의 통신에 사용되는 무선 신호세기의 특성을 이용하여 위치기반 인증 및 암호화 기법을 제시하며 알고리즘의 정확도를 향상시키기 위해 3차원 상에서의 위치 선정 기법을 적용한다. Vehicular Ad Hoc Network(VANET) is a communication technology between vehicles and vehicles(V2V) or vehicles and infrastructures(V2I) for offering a number of practical applications. Considering the importance of communicated information through VANET, data authentication, confidentiality and integrity are fundamental security elements. Recently, to enhance a security of VANET in various circumstances, message authentication is widely researched by many laboratories. Among of them, Zhang. et. al. is an efficient method to authenticate the message with condition of anonymity in dense space. In the scheme, to obtain the vehicular ID with condition of anonymity, the k-anonymity is used. However it has a disadvantage, which conducts hash operations in case of determining the vehicular ID. In the paper, we present a location based algorithm using received signal strength for the location based authentication and encryption technique as well, and to enhance the accuracy of algorithm we apply a location determination technique over the 3-dimensional space.

Extreme learning machine for user location prediction in mobile environment

PurposePrediction accuracies are usually affected by the techniques and devices used as well as the algorithms applied. This work aims to attempt to further devise a better positioning accuracy based on location fingerprinting taking advantage of two important mobile fingerprints, namely signal strength (SS) and signal quality (SQ) and subsequently building a model based on extreme learning machine (ELM), a new learning algorithm for single‐hidden‐layer neural networks.Design/methodology/approachPrediction approach to location determination based on historical data has attracted a lot of attention in recent studies, the reason being that it offers the convenience of using previously accumulated location data to subsequently determine locations using predictive algorithms. There have been various approaches to location positioning to further improve mobile user location determination accuracy. This work examines the location determination techniques by attempting to determine the location of mobile users by taking advantage of SS and SQ history data and modeling the locations using the ELM algorithm. The empirical results show that the proposed model based on the ELM algorithm noticeably outperforms k‐Nearest Neighbor approaches.FindingsWiFi's SS contributes more in accuracy to the prediction of user location than WiFi's SQ. Moreover, the new framework based on ELM has been compared with the k‐Nearest Neighbor and the results have shown that the proposed model based on the extreme learning algorithm outperforms the k‐Nearest Neighbor approach.Originality/valueA new computational intelligence modeling scheme, based on the ELM has been investigated, developed and implemented, as an efficient and more accurate predictive solution for determining position of mobile users based on location fingerprint data (SS and SQ).

Mobile Identity Management Revisited

Identity management provides PET (privacy enhancing technology) tools for users to control privacy of their personal data. With the support of mobile location determination techniques based on GPS, WLAN, Bluetooth, etc., context-aware and location-aware mobile applications (e.g. restaurant finder, friend finder, indoor and outdoor navigation, etc.) have gained quite big interest in the business and IT world. Considering sensitive static personal information (e.g. name, address, phone number, etc.) and also dynamic personal information (e.g. current location, velocity in car, current status, etc.), mobile identity management is required to help mobile users to safeguard their personal data. In this paper, we evaluate certain required aspects and features (e.g. context-to-context dependence and relation, blurring in levels, trust management with p3p integration, extended privacy preferences, etc.) of mobile identity management systems from the perspective of a push context-aware application, i.e. the Friend Finder application.

Location and its semantics in location-based services

Starting with a simple presentation of location determination techniques, physical location and geographic location as two common kinds of location description methods are discussed. The semantic location concept is then introduced and a correction is given, which especially emphasizes that location property is an important part of semantic location. By analyzing the connotation and extension of every geographic location, what should be contained in a location property is determined. Using a hierarchical model, the relations and associations among locations are clearly described. To realize a formalized description of semantic location, an ontology technique that can adequately describe semantic information of location is used. Organized by ontology web language, a location ontology model allows semantic location to be read and processed by computer. The location ontology model realizes the knowledge description of location information and establishes an important foundation to personalized preference services in location based services.

Enabling location‐based services in wireless LAN hotspots

AbstractThe wide deployment of IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN (WLAN) makes possible application services developed in WLAN hotspots. Owing to the small cell size in WLAN hotspots, it is practical to develop location‐based services with the awareness of the WLAN access points (APs) that mobile devices currently access. In this paper, we propose an effective location determination technique using the inherent SNMP support in WLAN APs. It is shown that the current location of a mobile device can be determined from the SNMP traps sent by APs. Since the SNMP‐based approach doesn't need any particular software or hardware in mobile devices, location‐based services can be widely deployed, especially in public WLAN hotspots. To further enable location‐based services through the WWW, this paper also considers the location determination of a mobile device from its IP address, retrieved in a WWW environment. In addition, we propose a web service framework for location‐based services in WLAN hotspots. Thus, location‐based services can be developed in a standard way. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Direct Position Determination of Multiple Radio Signals

The most common methods for position determination of radio signal emitters such as communications or radar transmitters are based on measuring a specified parameter such as angle of arrival (AOA) or time of arrival (TOA) of the signal. The measured parameters are then used to estimate the transmitter's location. Since the measurements are done at each base station independently, without using the constraint that the AOA/TOA estimates at different base stations should correspond to the same transmitter's location, this is a suboptimal location determination technique. Further, if the number of array elements at each base station is , and the signal waveforms are unknown, the number of cochannel simultaneous transmitters that can be localized by AOA is limited to . Also, most AOA algorithms fail when the sources are not well angularly separated. We propose a technique that uses exactly the same data as the common AOA methods but the position determination is direct. The proposed method can handle more than cochannel simultaneous signals. Although there are many stray parameters, only a two-dimensional search is required for a planar geometry. The technique provides a natural solution to the measurements sources association problem that is encountered in AOA-based location systems. In addition to new algorithms, we provide analytical performance analysis, Cramér-Rao bounds and Monte Carlo simulations. We demonstrate that the proposed approach frequently outperforms the traditional AOA methods for unknown as well as known signal waveforms.