Location-aware System Research Articles

An intelligent mobile location-aware book recommendation system that enhances problem-based learning in libraries

Despite rapid and continued adoption of mobile devices, few learning modes integrate with mobile technologies and libraries' environments as innovative learning modes that emphasize the key roles of libraries in facilitating learning. In addition, some education experts have claimed that transmitting knowledge to learners is not the only educational goal, as cultivating problem-solving skills is also essential. By integrating the problem-based learning (PBL) model with book resources in libraries, one can identify the advantages of libraries in supporting e-Learning, resulting in innovative and valuable research. Therefore, this study presents a novel intelligent mobile location-aware book recommendation system (IMLBRS) with map-based guidance to support cooperative PBL in a real-library environment. Using map navigation and book recommendation functionalities, learners can search for books associated with problem-solving with increased ease and efficiency, thereby helping learners increase their PBL performance in a library environment. Experimental results reveal that learning performance during PBL supported by the proposed IMLBRS for book searches is superior to learning performance during PBL supported by the online public access catalogue (OPAC). Experimental results also show that the proposed system facilitates better learning performance for learners with a field-dependent learning style than for learners with a field-independent learning style. Moreover, the proposed system facilitates learner contemplation, cooperative learning, and library user education as learners interact with a real-library environment and peers during cooperative PBL.

MST 토폴로지를 이용한 실내 환경에서의 위치측정에러의 보상기법

무선 센서 네트워크를 위한 다양한 위치 추적 알고리즘들이 제안되고 있다. IEEE 802.15.4a 기반의 위치인식 시스템은 두 노드간의 정밀한 거리측정 기능을 제공하며 이를 기반으로 정확도가 높은 위치 추정 서비스를 제공한다. 하지만 실내 환경에서는 다양한 장해물들로 인하여 Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) 경로가 발생한다. 이로 인하여 IEEE 802.15.4a 기반의 위치 인식 시스템에서는 위치 추정 시 추정된 위치 좌표의 정확도가 떨어지는 문제가 발생한다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 MST 토폴로지를 이용한 실내 환경에서의 위치측정에러를 보상하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. NanoPAN 5375 모트를 이용한 실내 환경에서의 실험 및 시뮬레이션 결과, 제안한 알고리즘은 기존에 제안된 위치 추정 알고리즘에 비하여 위치 정확도가 개선되었음을 확인하였다. Many localization algorithms have been proposed for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The IEEE 802.15.4a-based location-aware-system can provide precise ranging distance between two mobile nodes. The mobile nodes can obtain their exact locations by using accurate ranging distances. However, the indoor environments contain various obstacles which cause non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions. In NLOS condition, the IEEE 802.15.4a-based location-aware system has a large scale location error. To solve the problem, we propose location error compensation in indoor environment by using MST-based topology control. Experimental and simulation results show that the proposed algorithm improves location accuracy in NLOS conditions.

Location-based human-adaptive air conditioning by measuring physical activity with a non-terminal-based indoor positioning system

If an appliance perceives the location or health status of a resident in a smart home, it can actively provide more intelligent service. Thus, residents manually control the air conditioning in a passive service environment, whereas a location-based human-adaptive air conditioner autonomously regulates the temperature in a smart home according to residents' patterns of living or health status. This research is focused on developing a human-adaptive air conditioner that functions by measuring human factors with a non-terminal-based indoor positioning system, to provide high-quality intelligent service in single-person households. In this paper, four algorithms were introduced to provide high-quality intelligent service with a location-based human-adaptive air conditioner: (1) calculation of a resident's location and speed, (2) estimation of physical activity and metabolic rate, (3) calculation of the PMV index according to metabolic rate, and (4) an intelligent control algorithm. Finally, the feasibility of the design is evaluated experimentally on a test bed, using a pyroelectric infrared sensor-based location-aware system (PILAS) as the positioning system.

CSS기반 위치인식 시스템 구현에 관한 연구

Location-aware system is utilized in various fields such as Logistics, Home Network, Healthcare, Military and Transportation systems. In this paper, we designed and implemented a Location-aware system based on IEEE 802.15.4a CSS (Chirp Spread Spectrum) technology in variable environment. The CSS is possible to precision location awareness using RF signal. According to experimental result, the implemented system has recognition error less than 0.5m within 20m radius in space.

Pest management control of olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae) based on a location-aware agro-environmental system

This paper investigates the effectiveness of a mobile agro-environmental Location Aware System (LAS) in ground spray applications against olive fruit fly, under real conditions. It aims to the specific needs of pest management control, by means of combining the olive fruit fly population dynamics, the meteorological conditions during the sprayings, the spatiotemporal characteristics of the spraying areas, as well as the environmental sensitive and inhabitant areas located near the spraying areas. From a moderate-scale field experiment conducted for evaluation purposes, the duration of sprays, the amount of spray solution applied and efficacy were statistically analyzed. Results show that the LAS is able to reduce the amount of spraying solution by performing sprays only when and where are really needed. The protection of environmental and inhabitant areas is also achieved, by avoiding off-target sprays. The LAS is able to decrease the duration of the sprayings, minimizing their cost and the possibility of canceling a spray application due to meteorological conditions. The acquisition of the spatiotemporal data during the sprays is able to provide agrotraceability systems with useful information about the olive products. In conclusion, the proposed LAS is shown to be a useful tool for olive farmers, scientists or organizations that can increase the efficacy and decrease the cost of moderate scale pesticide treatments from ground and avoid effects on environmental protected or domestic areas.

A Friendly Location-Aware System to Facilitate the Work of Technical Directors when Broadcasting Sport Events

The production costs of broadcasting sport events that require tracking moving objects are continuously increasing. Although those events are very demanded by the audience, broadcasting organizations have economical difficulties to afford them. For that reason, they are demanding the development of new professional software and hardware equipments that lead to a considerable reduction of the production costs. In this paper, we present a software system that takes into account these needs. This system allows a technical director to indicate his/her interest about certain moving objects or geographic areas in run-time. The system is in charge of selecting the cameras that can provide the types of views requested on those interesting objects and areas. So, it decreases the human effort needed to produce create, edit and distribute audiovisual contents, giving at the same time the opportunity to increase their quality. For this, the system provides a friendly interface to specify requirements and obtain which monitoring video cameras attached to moving or static objects fulfill them, along with a query processor to handle those requests in a continuous and efficient way. We illustrate the feasibility of our system in a specific scenario using real data of a traditional rowing race in the Basque Country.

A Friendly Location-Aware System to Facilitate the Work of Technical Directors when Broadcasting Sport Events

The production costs of broadcasting sport events that require tracking moving objects are continuously increasing. Although those events are very demanded by the audience, broadcasting organizations have economical difficulties to afford them. For that reason, they are demanding the development of new professional (software and hardware) equipments that lead to a considerable reduction of the production costs.

A Service Oriented Location-aware System

A Service Oriented Location-aware System

스마트 홈에서 위치 기반 인간 적응형 냉난방기를 위한 신체 활동량 추정

If an appliance perceives the location or health condition of a resident in the smart home, it can provide more intelligent service actively. That is, while the conventional appliance is operated by manual input of a resident, the location-based human adaptive appliance detects the resident's information such as location, activity pattern, or health condition by itself and provides the most suitable living condition for the resident autonomously. This paper presents the real-time location-based metabolic rate estimation method that measures the amount of physical activity (metabolic rate) for location-based human adaptive air-conditioner. And, the feasibility of the algorithm is evaluated experimentally on a test bed using the pyroelectric infrared sensor-based indoor location aware system (PILAS) that is a non-terminal-based location-aware system.

Location-aware system for olive fruit fly spray control

Location awareness is essential for many Precision Farming (PF) tasks with strong spatiotemporal, environmental, public health and food safety characteristics. Nevertheless, its role is much more crucial in PF tasks with efficacy depending mainly on local climate conditions and the collaboration of users. A PF task with the aforementioned characteristics is the insecticide-bait ground spraying against olive fruit fly, the most serious pest on olive cultivations. It requires location awareness, so as to be more efficient, friendly for the environment and the domestic areas, and ensure olive products with low insecticide residues. This research proposes an innovative, integrated, Location-Aware System (LAS) suitable for the ground control of the olive fruit fly. The developed system enables rapid prototyping of Location-Aware (LA) services in an intelligent PF environment combining location sensing technologies with wireless Internet, Geographical Information Systems (GIS), and Expert Systems (ES). We focus on the functional and operational capabilities of the middleware architecture, on the design issues of the developed GIS, ES, and LA modules, as well as, on the factors and infrastructure that must be considered during the spraying process. Based on this framework we developed specific LA services, such as finding the area to be sprayed, estimating the amount of the spraying solution required, canceling the spraying process, etc. These services aim in a more efficient and environmental friendly treatment. To validate the LAS a moderate-scale experiment is performed showing that the proposed system is functional and operational. LAS consult effectively the tractor attendants on how to spray, by means of reducing spraying failures and minimizing the decisions that must be taken during spraying process. Preliminary results report that with LAS no over sprayings occur, sprayings are based on infestation risk, cultivation characteristics, and meteorological conditions. Finally, a safe distance from biological cultivations, environmental protected and domestic areas is kept, avoiding pollution of these areas with insecticide residues.

A multi-technology location-aware wireless system for interactive fruition of multimedia contents

Nowadays, due to the increasing demands of the fast-growing consumer electronics (CEs) market, more powerful mobile consumer devices are being introduced continuously. With this evolution of CEs technologies, many sophisticated electronic applications starts to be developed and applied to context and location aware scenarios. This paper proposes a flexible communication architecture well suited for the interactive fruition of historical and artistic contents throughout a wireless network infrastructure. The designed system and the implemented low cost testbed integrate different communication technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and GPS with the aim of offering, in a transparent and reliable way, a mixed set of different multimedia and augmented reality (AR) contents to mobile users equipped with CEs devices. This communication architecture represents a first step to provide a network support to context-aware applications pushing the ubiquitous computing paradigm into the reality.

Resident Location-Recognition Algorithm Using a Bayesian Classifier in the PIR Sensor-Based Indoor Location-Aware System

Intelligent home service systems consist of ubiquitous sensors, a home network, and a context-aware computing system that together collect residential environment information and provide intelligent services such as controlling the environment or lighting. Determining a resident's location in the smart home or smart office is a key to such a system. This correspondence presents an enhanced location-recognition algorithm using a Bayesian classifier for the pyroelectric infrared sensor-based indoor location-aware system that is a nonterminal-based location-aware system proposed in a previous paper. This correspondence compares the conventional and enhanced location-recognition algorithms and their performance. The feasibility of the system is evaluated experimentally on a test bed.

Recognizing mutual ‘proximity’ at a distance: Weaving together mobility, sociality and technology

The aim of this paper is to analyse the way social gatherings are collaboratively accomplished in two highly different settings, routine mobile phone conversations, and a location-aware mobile game, through a single, sequentially ordered interactional device based on participants producing mutually ratified ‘co-proximity events’. It starts from their doing ‘co-localization work’, that is, collaboratively establishing their locations, which provides them with opportunities to assess their mutual locations as some form of proximity. I show how such ‘co-proximity events’ achieved within talk-in-interaction enact the relevance of a future face-to-face encounter, and project an invitation to meet as a relevant ‘next’ in the interactional sequence. In the location-aware system, the game infrastructure and interfaces assume agency in the discovery of co-proximity, by providing players with opportunities to see the presence of their icons on a single map. I show how players treat such a display as a form of mediated co-proximity, with the same interactional and sequential consequences as in mobile phone conversations. The sequence-sensitive interactional device I identify here allows the collaborative production of social encounters. It weaves mobility and sociality, proximity and hospitality, and can be argued to possess a wider anthropological significance.

A location-aware recommender system for mobile shopping environments

Exploring new applications and services for mobile environments has generated considerable excitement among both commercial companies and academics. In this paper we propose a location-aware recomm...

GPS-based real-time location-aware system in outdoor environment

A location-aware system, which is capable to detect a user's whereabout in a region and provide real-time location information in outdoor environment is designed and fabricated, specifically using the GPS (global positioning system) as key technology in view of its stability and high precision in outdoor environment. Experiment is conducted to test this application in campus-based environment. Once GPS receiver detects specific location which is tagged with GPS coordinates, the system provides information relevant to that context and user can operate and react accordingly. Besides, this location-aware system is able to provide user with the route in order to get to a desired place by detecting the direction that the user is moving towards from his/her initial location. The mapping data is transferred via wireless LAN to PDA carried by the user as well as to the back-end system on real-time basis. The test result is analyzed and discussed to validate the effectiveness of using GPS in implementing this system and indicates future works that could be made to improve this prototype to be implemented in other applications, such as theme park, tourist attraction spot or recreational park.

LACO: A location-aware cooperative query system for securely personalized services

Location-aware computing technology becomes promising for pervasive personalization services which run anytime, anywhere, and on any device. These services should be based on contextual queries that are provided in a fast and flexible manner. To do so, cooperative query answering may be useful to support query relaxation and to provide both approximate matches as well as exact matches. To facilitate query relaxation, a knowledge representation framework has been widely adopted which accommodates semantic relationships or distance metrics to represent similarities among data values. However, research shows few legacy cooperative query mechanisms that consider location-awareness. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to propose a securely personalized location-aware cooperative query that supports conceptual distance metric among data values, while considering privacy concerns around user context awareness. To show the feasibility of the methodology proposed in this paper, we have implemented a prototype system, LACO, in the area of site search in an actual large-scale shopping mall.

Towards autonomous updating of world models in location-aware spaces

Location-aware systems are systems where location information is used as a rich source of context to enable computers to interact and react to their environment. To date, research involving such systems in the indoor environment has concentrated on the development of cheap, realisable, accurate location systems rather than the continued maintenance of the associated world model needed to derive context. This paper characterises the problems relating to world models that have been observed in a real deployment of a location-aware system. It develops a framework that separates the task of synchronising the real and virtual worlds into two—first monitoring to identify coarse regions of inconsistency, and the second accurate updating of these regions. The paper details methods by which the monitoring can be achieved without the cost of deploying specialised sensors, but rather through collating and analysing human movement patterns and raw location data. It presents an overview of the framework for monitoring, an in-depth case study with experimental results from a deployed system, and a discussion of how accurate updates could be achieved once inconsistent regions are identified.

A pyroelectric infrared sensor-based indoor location-aware system for the smart home

Smart home is expected to offer various intelligent services by recognizing residents along with their life style and feelings. One of the key issues for realizing the smart home is how to detect the locations of residents. Currently, the research effort is focused on two approaches: terminal-based and non-terminal-based methods. The terminal-based method employs a type of device that should be carried by the resident while the non-terminal-based method requires no such device. This paper presents a novel non-terminal-based approach using an array of pyroelectric infrared sensors (PIR sensors) that can detect residents. The feasibility of the system is evaluated experimentally on a test bed

유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅을 위한 위치 감지 시스템의 자가 치적화 기법

유비쿼터스 환경에서 사용자 혹은 장비들의 위치 이동은 QoS와 밀접한 관계를 가진다. 그러므로 이동 객체의 위치를 정확히 감지하고, 높은 품질의 서비스를 제공할 수 있도록 돕는 위치 감지 시스템은 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 하지만, 위치 감지 시스템은 적용되는 감지 범위에 따라 프로세스 전략이 다르고 사용이 제한적이기 때문에 사용자에게 신뢰성있는 QoS를 보장하기 힘든 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 지능적인 모니터링 기법을 사용하여 시스템 상황을 분석하고 자동으로 최적의 감지 프로세스 전략을 선택하는 자동화 구조를 설계하였고, 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안한 자동화 구조의 성능을 평가하였다. 실험을 통해 자가 최적화 기법을 이용한 본 구조는 동적인 네트워크 상황에서도 사용자에게 변함 없이 높은 QoS를 보장하는 것을 확인하였다. The mobility or highly interconnected and communicating devices and users has implications for the QoS in a ubiquitous computing environment. Therefore, it is important for location aware systems to detect location of mobile object correctly and Provide high quality services in ubiquitous environment. However, it is not easy that location aware systems offer highly reliable QoS to users because process strategies of location aware systems are limited by the capability according to the applied detection target objects. In this paper, we design an autonomic architecture which analyzes the location aware system condition and autonomously chooses the best appropriate process strategy. We also have simulated the Proposed architecture in order to verify its performance. The test results show us that the architecture using self-optimizing mechanism provides higher QoS to users in variable bandwidth.

People-to-People-to-Geographical-Places: The P3 Framework for Location-Based Community Systems

In this paper we examine an emerging class of systems that link People-to-People-to-Geographical-Places; we call these P3-Systems. Through analyzing the literature, we have identified four major P3-System design techniques: People-Centered systems that use either absolute user location (e.g. Active Badge) or user proximity (e.g. Hocman) and Place-Centered systems based on either a representation of people’s use of physical spaces (e.g. ActiveMap) or on a matching virtual space that enables online interaction linked to physical location (e.g. Geonotes). In addition, each feature can be instantiated synchronously or asynchronously. The P3-System framework organizes existing systems into meaningful categories and structures the design space for an interesting new class of potentially context-aware systems. Our discussion of the framework suggests new ways of understanding and addressing the privacy concerns associated with location aware community system and outlines additional socio-technical challenges and opportunities.