Local Potential Research Articles

Do concerns about wind farms blow over with time? Residents’ acceptance over phases of project development and proximity

Social acceptance is a key issue for the continued expansion of onshore wind energy. Wind energy development targets increasingly rely on the assumption that residents' concerns related to new wind farms dissipate over time. The persistence of resistance to new wind farms has motivated efforts to investigate this effect. The ‘U-curve’ hypothesis proposes that acceptance is likely to decrease when residents are confronted with the planning of a wind farm in their neighbourhood, but that acceptance may later recover during construction and operation. In this study, relevant research is reviewed, discussed, and applied using a largescale experimental survey focused on residents living within 10 km of an existing wind farm in Ireland (n = 1109). It uses two indicators of how people experience wind farms to investigate willingness to accept further developments. The indicators include the proximity of existing wind farms and their development phase (i.e., planning, construction or operation). The findings show that experience is an important determinant of acceptance, as are an awareness of low-carbon energy initiatives and sense of community spirit. The study examines residents' expectations for participatory fairness and local benefits. Expected adverse impacts on local tourism or potential for discord within the community influence the acceptance for further development. Acceptance is also determined by trust in sources of information, including a designated community liaison officer. The concerns of residents living within the nearest 2 km radius of a wind farm and at the earliest and most uncertain phases of project planning can be crucial issues for acceptance.

The electron-centric approach to the exchange-correlation energy.

The Kohn-Sham theory addresses the challenge of representing the kinetic energy by re-quantizing density functional theory at a level of non-interacting electrons. It transforms the many-electron problem into a fictitious non-interacting electron problem, with the many-electron effects concealed within the exchange-correlation (XC) energy, which is expressed in terms of the electron density ρ(r). Unlike the wave function, ρ(r) can be viewed as a classical quantity, and expressing the XC energy in terms of it circumvents the need for correlated wave functions. In this work, we once again employ the re-quantization strategy and determine the XC energy using a local one-particle Schrödinger equation. The ground-state eigenfunction of the corresponding Hamiltonian is a reference point (r) dependent orbital φr,σ(u, σ') which is subsequently used to generate the XC hole and the XC energy. The spin coordinate is denoted by σ and u is the electron-electron separation. The one-particle equation for φr,σ(u, σ') includes a local potential vr,σ(u, σ') that we approximate using two simple physical constraints. We assess the approximation by applying it to the helium iso-electronic series, the homogeneous electron gas, and the dissociation of the hydrogen molecule.

Bersama UMNU Membangun Perekonomian Kerakyatan Menuju Indonesia Lebih Sejahtera

Real work lectures were held in Karangasem Village, Kertanegara District, Purbalingga Regency for 40 days from 26 July to 7 September 2023. Karangasem Village was the selected village to be the target village for KKN. The wealth of village potential is one of the main objectives of implementing KKN to improve the quality of human resources (HR) and cultivate and develop local village potential. The process of initiating village observation KKN is to explore and identify village potential which is the main target in implementing KKN. These programs are designed sequentially, starting with discussions between the KKN group, village officials and the local community, especially those directly related to the program being designed. Implementation. The KKN program is implemented in a balanced manner, starting from planning, implementation and evaluation at the end of each program. The overall output of the KKN program includes community skills and supporting the development of human resources to increase the potential of local villages. Literacy programs are also implemented to develop quality human resources from an early age. In the MSME sector, digital marketing knowledge at the village level received active response and participation from residents of Karangasem Village, Kertanegara District, Purbalingga Regency, Central Java.Keywords: KKN, Karangasem Village, Village Potential

Inverse scattering problem for a third-order operator with local potential

Inverse scattering problem for the operator representing sum of the operator of the third derivative on semi-axis and of the operator of multiplication by a real function is studied in this paper. Properties of Jost solutions of such an operator are studied and it is shown that these Jost solutions are solutions of the Riemann boundary value problem on a system of rays. The main system of linear singular integral equations is derived. This system is equivalent to the solution of inverse scattering problem.

Contrasting influence of salt structures and faults on the geothermal potential of regional structural highs: The Cleaver Bank High, Southern North Sea

High-quality 3D seismic reflection data, complemented by 448 bottom-hole temperatures (BHTs) from 48 boreholes, are used to investigate the influence of salt structures and faults on the geothermal potential of the Cleaver Bank High, Southern North Sea. Developed salt structures include multiple salt diapirs, salt pillows and a salt wall, with their presence influencing local geothermal potential. Strata deposited above the Zechstein Group record geothermal gradients that are enhanced proportionally to the thickness of this salt unit. Conversely, strata buried below the Zechstein Group reveal a moderate decreasing trend in geothermal gradients as salt thickens. Large supra-salt faults can act as fluid paths to deep and hot fluid into shallow strata, resulting in the presence of high geothermal gradients in shallow strata. Importantly, geothermal gradients on the footwall of these faults are much higher than that on the corresponding hanging-wall, decreasing as one moves away from them. For example, average geothermal gradients on the footwall of the largest supra-salt fault (Fault A) are, relative to its immediate hanging-wall, 105 % higher in the North Sea Group, 26 % higher in the Chalk Group, and 41 % higher in the Rijnland, Upper and Lower Germanic Trias Groups. Additionally, sub-salt faults influence the geothermal gradient of supra-salt strata in parts of the study area where there is very thin, or even absent, salt (<100 ms; or ∼230 m), forming distinct low-amplitude trails of fluid above these same faults. They also indirectly influence geothermal gradient by controlling the position, geometry and distribution pattern of salt structures. As a corollary, three potential geothermal exploration targets are suggested on the Cleaver Bank High, one located on the footwall of a large supra-salt fault, one above thick salt, and a third target above very thin Zechstein strata where low-amplitude fluid chimneys are found. The results in this work can be applied to similar salt-bearing structural highs in Northern Europe and worldwide.

Sustainable Design Strategy of Regional Revitalization Based on AHP–FCE Analysis: A Case Study of Qianfeng in Guangzhou

As urbanization progresses, large cities continue to attract population, causing depopulation and regional development imbalances, especially in remote rural areas facing sustainability challenges. This study aims to explore local resource potential and assess critical factors for regional revitalization, offering design strategies to promote local sustainability. The study is based on the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and assesses the status of regional development through field research. The Delphi method was employed to interview experts and build a multi-tiered sustainable development evaluation indicator framework (Level 1: B1–B3, Level 2: C1–C8, Level 3: D1–D16), covering economic, social, and environmental dimensions. The weights of the indicators were determined through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) method was applied to comprehensively assess the sustainable development status of Qianfeng Community. The research findings revealed that due to population outflow and a lack of participation in co-building channels, the region scored lowest in “local employment &amp; entrepreneurship (D2)”, “innovation &amp; entrepreneurship culture (D10)”, and “endogenous development (D16)”. Consequently, the study proposes the establishment of a regional revitalization co-creation platform based on “life projects” as part of a sustainable design strategy. These research results provide valuable case studies and strategic references for future regional revitalization and sustainable design initiatives.

Machine learning electronic structure methods based on the one-electron reduced density matrix

The theorems of density functional theory (DFT) establish bijective maps between the local external potential of a many-body system and its electron density, wavefunction and, therefore, one-particle reduced density matrix. Building on this foundation, we show that machine learning models based on the one-electron reduced density matrix can be used to generate surrogate electronic structure methods. We generate surrogates of local and hybrid DFT, Hartree-Fock and full configuration interaction theories for systems ranging from small molecules such as water to more complex compounds like benzene and propanol. The surrogate models use the one-electron reduced density matrix as the central quantity to be learned. From the predicted density matrices, we show that either standard quantum chemistry or a second machine-learning model can be used to compute molecular observables, energies, and atomic forces. The surrogate models can generate essentially anything that a standard electronic structure method can, ranging from band gaps and Kohn-Sham orbitals to energy-conserving ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations and infrared spectra, which account for anharmonicity and thermal effects, without the need to employ computationally expensive algorithms such as self-consistent field theory. The algorithms are packaged in an efficient and easy to use Python code, QMLearn, accessible on popular platforms.

Physical modelling of climate-soil-infrastructure interactions of paved roadways constructed in expansive soil

Roadways founded on expansive soils are notorious for incurring damage in the months and years after construction. Soil swelling and shrinking manifest at the road surface as differential displacements of the pavement and eventually lead to linear cracks developing parallel with the direction of traffic flow. This climate-soil-infrastructure interaction occurs over daily, seasonal, and annual cycles that cause variations in moisture, temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation. Design recommendations often call for expansive soil to be compacted 1–2% wet of optimum to limit pavement damage regardless of the local climatic conditions or soil swell potential. Despite the prevalence of expansive soils found worldwide and the significant damage they cause to overlying infrastructure, very few studies appear in the literature that include field monitoring. To overcome this lack of physical data and examine the traditional design specification centrifuge modelling was undertaken to reproduce a stress-appropriate environment and control the moisture boundary conditions. These centrifuge experiments examine the effect of as-placed moisture content on the response of a two-lane paved road profile subjected to wetting–drying cycles. The centrifuge model results provide high temporal and spatial resolution displacement measurements using Digital Image Correlation. Cumulative subsurface strains are reflected at the road surface and cause detectable differential displacements of the model paved road. The relatively minor variation of initial moisture content in the three tests examined (varied from 29 to 34%) was found to have a significant impact on the hydraulic-mechanical response expressed in the isolated ground located beyond the influence of the road as well as the pavement-ground interface. The experimental results provide new insight into climate-soil-infrastructure interaction under a paved road, which would otherwise be unobservable using traditional discrete measurement techniques in the field. Interpretation of the high-density displacement measurements allowed for calculation of unique curvature / bending envelopes for the pavement under the different as-placed moisture conditions. The wet of optimum model displayed 5-times greater curvature / bending compared to the optimum and dry of optimum tests. Compacting wet of optimum may not be uniformly beneficial to limit pavement damage and construction specifications should consider local climate and swelling potential.

Chikungunya intra-vector dynamics in Aedes albopictus from Lyon (France) upon exposure to a human viremia-like dose range reveals vector barrier’s permissiveness and supports local epidemic potential

Chikungunya intra-vector dynamics in Aedes albopictus from Lyon (France) upon exposure to a human viremia-like dose range reveals vector barrier’s permissiveness and supports local epidemic potential

Reference Framework Based on a Two-Stage Strategy for Sizing and Operational Management in Electrical Microgrid Planning

The challenges of today’s energy landscape, marked by the search for sustainable development, the expansion of coverage, and the diversification of the energy matrix, allow for electricity systems focusing on renewable energy resources. Microgrids are considered an efficient paradigm for managing distributed renewable energy generation and providing reliable access to electricity in remote areas where the grid has not been extended. However, their planning is a complex task that requires a thorough understanding of various multi-dimensional aspects and decision-making scenarios to define feasible and sustainable alternatives. In this context, this study presents a new planning framework based on a two-stage strategy. The strategy seeks to optimize the capacity of generation resources, considering the microgrid’s operational knowledge in various scenarios and aspects related to its sustainability. The framework was evaluated through a case of planning a microgrid for a remote community in Vaupés, Colombia, considering the local energy potential and demand requirements. Twenty optimized alternatives were identified based on the best compromise levels achieved for a set of performance criteria in the technical, economic, environmental, and social dimensions.

Echoing the local voices: supporting local good governance through community radio in Indonesia

ABSTRACT This article investigates the role of community radio in fostering good governance at the local level in the setting of Indonesia. Using the example of PASS FM Radio, this article demonstrates how community radio has fulfilled the purpose and function of media as a public sphere. As a community radio station, PASS FM has not only succeeded in breaking down communication barriers between citizens and the local administration, but it has also presented solutions for optimising local potential. PASS FM Radio has also succeeded in partnering with the government to jointly serve the public interest and support the ideals of good governance, with the main features of transparency and public participation.

The Subglacial Lake That Wasn't There: Improved Interpretation From Seismic Data Reveals a Sediment Bedform at Isunnguata Sermia

AbstractRadio Echo Sounding (RES) surveys conducted in May 2010 and April 2011 revealed a 2 km2 flat area with increased bed reflectivity at the base of Isunnguata Sermia at the western margin of the Greenland Ice Sheet. This flat reflector was located within a localized subglacial hydraulic potential (hydropotential) minimum, as part of a complex and elongated trough system. By analogy with comparable features in Antarctica, the initial interpretation of such a feature was a potential subglacial lake. In September 2013 a co‐located seismic survey revealed a 1,750 m by 540 and 37 m thick stratified lens‐shaped bedform at the base of a subglacial trough system. Amplitude Versus Angle (AVA) analysis yields a derived reflection coefficient R = 0.09 ± 0.14 indicative of consolidated sediments possibly overlain by dilatant till. The bed and flank on the northern side of the trough consist of unconsolidated, possibly water‐bearing sediments with R = −0.10 ± 0.08, whereas on the southern side it consists of more consolidated material. We interpret the trough as a key component of the wider subglacial drainage network, for which the sediments on its northern side act as a localized water‐storage reservoir. Given the observation of seasonally forming and rapidly draining supraglacial meltwater lakes in this area, we interpret the lens‐shaped bedform as deposited by episodically ponding meltwater within the subglacial trough system. Our results highlight the importance of transient subglacial hydrological and sedimentological processes such as drainage events for the interaction of ice sheets and their substrates, to understand ice dynamics in a warming climate.

A self-balanced electron-emissive double Langmuir probe drawing no electron loss from its diagnosed plasma

In this work, a new form of double Langmuir probe (DLP) system, an emissive double Langmuir probe (EDLP), which connects a collecting probe tip and an electron-emitting probe tip to form a DLP system, has been proposed as a replacement of the currently more common asymmetric double Langmuir probes (ADLPs). The EDLP was both computationally and experimentally investigated in this work. Using an emissive probe to provide an emission current I E to balance the electron collection current I C,e, the EDLP can obtain a full I–V trace when I E,TL > I C,es and be used in a similar manner to a single Langmuir probe with the exception that the EDLP, as with the ADLP, does not measure the local plasma potential. I E,TL ≫ I C,es can be realized on an EDLP without needing the much larger ion collection area required by the ADLP, and at I E,TL ∼ 2I C,es the relative error between the EDLP and a single Langmuir probe is ∼15% due to space-charge limited effects, which is better than that of the ADLP at ∼30% under similar conditions. The performance of an EDLP depends on whether its electron emission current sufficiently offsets its electron-collecting current, making it particularly fitting for scenarios where the plasma density is low but a large probe is difficult to employ due to the limited balancing ion current. This makes the EDLP potentially useful on satellites, which operate in very low temperature plasmas with a limited ion loss area to balance a Langmuir probe’s electron-collecting current. With the advances in highly emitting materials, EDLPs are expected to significantly remove the design barriers of Langmuir probes on satellites.

Rotating spokes, potential hump and modulated ionization in radio frequency magnetron discharges

In this work, the transition from the gradient drift instability (GDI) into an m = 1 rotating spoke in the radio frequency magnetron discharge was studied by means of the two-dimensional axial-azimuthal (z − y) particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision method. The kinetic model combined with the linear analysis of the perturbation revealed that the cathode sheath (axial) electric field E z triggers the GDI, deforming the local potential until the instability condition is not fulfilled and the fluctuation growth stops in which moment the instability becomes saturated. The potential deformation consequently leads to the formation of the potential hump, surrounding which the azimuthal electric field E y is present. The saturation level of E y was found to be synchronized with and proportional to the time-changing voltage applied at the cathode, resulting in the RF-modulation of the electron heating in the E y due to drift. In the saturated stage of the instability, it was shown that the rotation velocity and direction of the spoke present in the simulations agree well with the experimental observation (Panjan 2019 J. Appl. Phys. 125 203303). In the instability linear stage, the instability mode wavelength and the growth rate were also found to be in good agreement with the prediction of the GDI linear fluid theory.

Symmetry-breaking bifurcations and excitations of solitons in linearly coupled NLS equations with PT-symmetric potentials

We address symmetry-breaking bifurcations (SBBs) in the ground state (GS) and dipole-mode (DM) solitons of the one-dimensional linearly coupled NLS equations, modelling the propagation of light in a dual-core planar waveguide with the Kerr nonlinearity and two types of P T -symmetric potentials. The P T -symmetric potential is employed to obtain different types of solutions. A supercritical pitchfork bifurcation occurs in families of symmetric solutions of both the GS and DM types. A novel feature of the system is interplay between breakings of the P T and inter-core symmetries. Stability of symmetric GS and DM modes and their asymmetric counterparts, produced by SBBs of both types, is explored via the linear-stability analysis and simulations. It is found that the instability of P T -symmetric solutions takes place prior to the inter-core symmetry breaking. Surprisingly, stable inter-core-symmetric GS solutions may remain stable while the P T symmetry is broken. Fully asymmetric GS and DM solitons are only partially stable. Moreover, we construct symmetric and asymmetric GS solitons under the action of a pure imaginary localized potential, for which the SBB is subcritical. These results exhibit that stable solitons can still be found in dissipative systems. Finally, excitations of symmetric and asymmetric GS solitons are investigated by making the potential’s parameters or the system’s coupling constant functions, showing that GS solitons can be converted from an asymmetric shape onto a symmetric one under certain conditions. These results may pave the way for the study of linear and nonlinear phenomena in a dual-core planar waveguide with P T potential and related experimental designs.

Realizing a competitive Doplang tourist village through institutional innovation in local potential development

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the tourism sector, including Doplang tourist village, which was recognized as an attractive tourist destination in Semarang Regency. The pandemic situation presented significant challenges that resulted in demotivation among the community in developing the tourism potential of this area. In the context of institutional innovation, this community empowerment aims to address the demotivation of Doplang tourist village's community caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, which disrupted the development of tourism potential. One crucial step in achieving this goal is to implement changes and improvements in the structure and mechanisms of organizations involved in managing the tourism destination in the village. Through institutional innovation, it is expected that more effective collaboration and synergy will be created among all parties involved. These changes aim to enhance active participation from the community in decision-making related to tourism development. Consequently, the community will play a more active role in managing their own tourist destination and collectively identifying the potential of local tourism that can be developed. The outcomes of this program also include efforts to raise awareness within the community about developing local tourism potential and creatively promoting the village through social media. Through effective collaboration among various stakeholders, it is hoped that Doplang tourist village will recover from the impact of the pandemic, increase tourist visits, stimulate the local economy, and strengthen the village's image as a competitive, sustainable, and unique tourism destination.

Peningkatan Nilai Tambah Olahan Bawang Merah dengan Konsep Pengembangan Ekonomi Lokal di Kecamatan Toroh Grobogan

The local economy is currently a major issue in community development. Develop the local economy based on its potential to be developed into products of outstanding quality in the region. Purple onion is a local brainchild found in Toroh district. The abundant supply of chives is inversely proportional to the weak bargaining position due to the oversupply that occurred during the main harvest. This causes the price that farmers receive to decrease. Farmers have not been able to turn purple onions into processed products with high economic value. In fact, farmers do not have the necessary knowledge and skills to produce products processed from chives. Training on diversifying products made from chives may be a suitable solution to overcome this problem. The goal of this community service activity is to help optimize the potential of local raw materials in the form of chives to transform into products with high economic value. The method applied is a participatory method with a local economic development model that includes many stages, specifically meetings with representatives of farmer groups, Focus Group Discussions, training on production products, partner support, and monitoring and evaluation. Based on the results of the training, it was found that the local potential of onions, previously untapped, can now be optimized by farmers by producing processed products from chives. The processed products produced are fried shallots and pancakes made from dried shallots.

Fragments of the Iron Curtain – The Polveriera of Romans d’Isonzo: A Methodological Experiment between Architecture and Landscape

The article accounts the results of an applicative research carried out by researchers from the University of Trieste for the recovery, conversion and, architectural, landscape, environmental and infrastructural reuse of a large military area, abandoned for over twenty years, located in the territory of Gorizia, in Friuli Venezia Giulia. The area was a former powder magazine dating back to the Cold War period. A garrison at the service of the former border called “Iron Curtain” that passed right near the Municipality of Romans d’Isonzo, on the Gorizia and Trieste Carso. The area was abandoned for decades and has been invaded by lush vegetation and meadows of important ecological value. Today, in addition to its considerable localization and extension potential, it has a significant strategic value for the vast area on which it stands: the low Isonzo plain. The study experimented with a methodology for the construction of the transformation forecast, working extensively on the use and applicability of simulation tools (indicators, scenarios, visions) and then on the processes of evaluating the impacts and consequences of the transformations at different scales and for different territorial areas (internal and external). The study adds to the discussion, not only the intrinsic results, the effectiveness or not of the reconversion project of this discussed military area, but also the development of a working scientific method (analysis, design and evaluation), and therefore, the construction of an operational model that can be exported to other case studies (on other military sites in the Friuli Venezia Giulia region

Spatially-explicit environmental assessment of bioethanol from miscanthus and switchgrass in France

Bioethanol is promoted as a means of tackling climate change, diversifying energy sources and securing energy supply. However, there also concerns that their wider deployment could lead to unintended environmental consequences. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a widely used methodology to assess the environmental performance of biofuels. However, its outcomes strongly depend on the inventory data and modeling assumptions. Agronomic variables such as crop yields, nitrogen fertilizer rates or field emissions of nitrous oxide are very sensitive inputs, as are soil carbon dynamics in response to land use changes (LUC) entailed by the deployment of energy crops. Models simulating agroecosystem processes and the economics of agricultural farms are promising tools to predict such variables and improve the reliability of LCA.Here, we combined the agro-ecosystem model CERES-EGC, the farm economic model AROPAj and the LCA approach to investigate the effect of local drivers on the environmental impacts of bioethanol from miscanthus and switchgrass over France.Overall, lignocellulosic bioethanol achieved GHG abatement targets in the 74 %–94 % range compared to gasoline, and complied with the 50 % minimum imposed by European regulations. Miscanthus-based ethanol achieved up to twice lower environmental impacts than switchgrass due to 50 % higher biomass yields overall. Low fertilizer N input rates (in the 0-30 kg N ha-1 yr-1 range) proved the most efficient strategy to optimize energy return. Significant inter-regional variability occurred, especially in terms of soil C sequestration rates, which weighed in substantially on GHG budgets. Some regions were more efficient than others as a result, which advocates a site-specific approach and a potential prioritization when planning biorefineries, taking into account local production and environmental performance potentials. Compared to previous studies, ours provided high-resolution data in terms of crop yields, nitrous oxide emissions and soil C dynamics, factoring in LUC effects at local to regional scales.

Peran Mahasiswa KKN 42 UIN-SU Medan dalam Pengembangan Potensi Ekonomi Masyarakat di Desa Karang Gading Kecamatan Labuhan Deli Kabupaten Deli Serdang

Karang Gading village business owners are focused on the sustainability of their businesses. community development with social assistance methods to help with the problems being faced. The aim of Student KKN is more directed towards empowering the community with a pattern of managing existing village potential into economically valuable products, branding village potential through various assistance provided to the community regarding the utilization of local village potential which is rich in agricultural potential. This activity includes several steps, including outreach activities regarding the value of economic development through income potential in the village, product making training, practice in making processed products, KKN implementers and participants conducting evaluations and the Karang Gading Village community socializing processed products to their respective RTs as models. The community gave positive reactions to the initiatives that have been carried out. The community in particular wants events that can increase awareness of the value of the Village Economy. The community service event with the theme "The Role of KKN 42 UIN-SU Medan Students in Developing Community Economic Potential in Karang Gading Village, Labuhan Deli District, Deli Serdang Regency" has gone well and well. attended efficiently by residents of Karang Gading Village on Wednesday 20 August 2023.