Local Manifestations Research Articles

Neoteric Direct Physical Approaches in TDDS: A Boon for Permeation Enhancement

Abstract: Human skin has been tremendously explored for decades as a potential route for the delivery of various substances. It has shown great applications to deliver drugs to systemic circulation as well as has provided adequate advantages to treat local manifestations over the skin. However, the rigid stratum corneum layer has served as the biggest barrier in transdermal drug delivery; various methods have been designed to overcome the stratum corneum layer and make the molecule pass through this. These methods were then broadly classified into chemical and physical approaches. The below study is an overall review of the physical approaches being used in transdermal drug delivery for overcoming the stratum corneum layer. Physical approaches also include direct and indirect methods; we will be physically considering the direct approaches herein.

Earthing, Inspiration, Humanity (on some tendencies in civilisatiins development in the XXI century)

This article is devoted to topical trends in the evolution of civilizations in XXI century. It is shown that the network processes of versatile and multi-layered anthropic exchange lay at the basis of the civilizations phenomenon which form both the world civilization and its local manifestations. It is also demonstrated that social cultural matrix (invariant, homeoresis), comprising in its turn several encoding layers and elements, is acting as the central factor in this process. Decoding of the encoding layers of different civilizational kernels allowed us to create a picture of the world evolutional wave movement in XXI century, which is shown in the article. This article provides the viewing of anthropic vector of this wave , when we have the cyclical turn from the West to the North, with the regulating civilizational chain of the Middle. The data of these chart in combination with the other sections of the article may be useful in the research of the current Big anthropological transition in XX-XXI centuries.

SUTRA MAP: THE WAY OF BODHISATTA AVALOKITESVARA

Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara is one of the most important figures of southern Buddhism, the image of which is very popular in the XXI century. Avalokitesvara embodies precisely those qualities that have found a response in all social circles and strata of the population for many centuries – a universal symbol of kindness, compassion, forgiveness and peace.In this article, we traced the emergence and spread of this image of the Buddhist pantheon through the analysis of texts-sutras, namely – through their distribution in the region (preachers, translators, influential figures of their time). Within the scope of our work, it is important for us to follow the path of distribution of sacred texts by means of the pilgrims (readers, translators, and content writers) in East Asia. To do this, we turned to the very first translations of sacred texts related to the bodhisattva Avalokitesvara and to sacred sculpture, which is a reflection of key historical and cultural processes.We can find clues about the bodhisattva Avalokitesvara in such sacred texts as: The Sutra of the White Lotus of the Supreme Law, the Saddharmapundarika Sutra, the Sutra of Unfinished Life, the Great Sukhavati Sutra, the Karanda Sutra, the Nilakantha Dharani, the Shurangama Sutra, the Sutra of the Heart of Accurate Wisdom, the Prajnaparamita Hridaya Sutra, the Avatamsaka Sutra.Today there are several examples of sutras preserved in their authentic form without transformation, but it should be noted that their number and state in which they have been preserved do not provide much room for research.However, these are historical monuments, from which “everything began”. After examining the lives of the leading representatives of Pilgrimage and the translators of Chinese Buddhism who worked with the texts of the Theravada and Mahayana, which are directly related to the bodhisattva Avalokitesvara, make it clear that the propagation of this religious image in the cultures of East Asia would not be possible without them. Thanks to the translations into accessible language the doctrine “came out” from the walls of the monasteries, the common people gained access to it, which in the future resulted not only in the spread of the image of bodhisattva Avalokitesvara, but also in the emergence of local adaptations and manifestation of “cultishness” in the essence of this phenomenon.

Anderson Localization in the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect.

The interplay between interaction and disorder-induced localization is of fundamental interest. This article addresses localization physics in the fractional quantum Hall state, where both interaction and disorder have nonperturbative consequences. We provide compelling theoretical evidence that the localization of a single quasiparticle of the fractional quantum Hall state at filling factor ν=n/(2n+1) has a striking quantitative correspondence to the localization of a single electron in the (n+1)th Landau level. By analogy to the dramatic experimental manifestations of Anderson localization in integer quantum Hall effect, this leads to predictions in the fractional quantum Hall regime regarding the existence of extended states at a critical energy, and the nature of the divergence of the localization length as this energy is approached. Within a mean field approximation, these results can be extended to situations where a finite density of quasiparticles is present.

Doran H. Ross: His Fabulous Fowler Years

Doran H. Ross: His Fabulous Fowler Years

Insights Gained and Future Outlook From scRNAseq Studies in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases.

Autoimmune rheumatic diseases have a major impact on public health as one of the most common morbidities, and many of these disorders involve both local and systemic manifestations with severe consequences for patient health and quality of life. However, treatment options for many of these diseases remain inadequate for a substantial portion of patients, and progress in developing novel therapeutics has been slow. This lack of progress can be largely attributed to an insufficient understanding of the complex mechanisms driving pathogenesis. Recently, the emergence of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) has offered a powerful new tool for interrogating rheumatic diseases, with the potential to assess biological heterogeneity and individual cell function in rheumatic diseases. In this review, we discuss the major insights gained from current scRNAseq interrogations of human rheumatic diseases. We highlight novel cell populations and key molecular signatures uncovered, and also raise a number of hypotheses for follow-up study that may be of interest to the field. We also provide an outlook into two emerging single-cell technologies (repertoire sequencing and spatial transcriptomics) that have yet to be utilized in the field of rheumatic diseases, but which offer immense potential in expanding our understanding of immune and stromal cell behavior. We hope that scRNAseq may serve as a wellspring for the generation and interrogation of novel hypotheses regarding autoreactive lymphocytes and tissue infiltration patterns, and help uncover novel avenues for therapeutic development.

Displacing Conflicting Goals in Planning for Sustainability? Insights from Three Norwegian Cities

Sustainable transformation is hampered by conflicting goals. Here we examine how goal conflicts are handled in planning practice, focusing on processes around municipal climate and sustainability governance. We investigate local manifestations of goal conflicts between transport and land use planning and emissions reductions in three Norwegian cities, using document analysis, interviews and observation. We find that governance actors handle goal conflicts through what we term strategies of displacement. We identify three such strategies: temporal, sectorial and scalar. The research contributes to explaining how and why goal conflicts persist in planning practice.

Biomarkers during COVID-19: Mechanisms of Change and Implications for Patient Outcomes.

As the COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 19) pandemic spreads worldwide, the massive numbers of COVID-19 patients have created a considerable healthcare burden for every country. The clinical spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 infection is broad, ranging from asymptomatic to mild, moderate, severe, and critical. Most COVID-19 patients present with no or mild symptoms, but nearly one-fifth of all patients develop severe or life-threatening complications. In addition to localized respiratory manifestations, severe COVID-19 cases also show extra-pulmonary complications or induce multiorgan failure. Identifying, triaging, and treating patients at risk early is essential and urgent. This article reviews the potential prognostic value of various biomarkers at different clinical spectrum stages of COVID-19 infection and includes information on fundamental prognostic mechanisms as well as potential clinical implications. Biomarkers are measurable biochemical substances used to recognize and indicate disease severity or response to therapeutic interventions. The information they provide is objective and suitable for delivering healthcare providers with a means of stratifying disease state in COVID-19 patients. This, in turn, can be used to help select and guide intervention efforts as well as gauge the efficacy of therapeutic approaches. Here, we review a number of potential biomarkers that may be used to guide treatment, monitor treatment efficacy, and form individualized therapeutic guidance based on patient response. Implementation of the COVID-19 biomarkers discussed here may lead to significantly improved quality of care and patient outcomes for those infected with SARS-CoV-2 worldwide.

“STUDY OF CLINICAL PROFILE OF ACUTE RENAL FAILURE IN SNAKE BITE PATIENTS”.

Snake bite is signicant avoidable and treatable health hazard. specially in farmers plantation workers leading to signicant morbidity and mortality. Renal failure is common all poisoning from snakes mostly due to Viperidae species of snakes. The rst sign of renal failure is oliguria and anuria This acute renal failure is largely a preventable complication. So, the patients with snake bite should be hospitalized and monitored for early detection of renal complications. Early treatment improves survival in these patients. This study is an attempt to analyze the clinical prole of snake bite patients and evaluation of outcome in Acute Renal Failure in them. This study will be a case control study conducted on 100 patients who are satisfying the inclusion & exclusion criteria. ARF occurred in 39% of snake bite patients with overall mortality of 3% and average hospital stay of 5.62±1.57 Snake bite patients developing coagulopathy are more prone to develop ARF. Snake bite patients presented with cellulitis as local manifestation are at increased risk to develop ARF. In ARF complicated cases, Dialysis & supporting therapy appears to be the mainstay of treatment. Clinical outcome depends on optimum ASV dosage which is variable, depending on the type of snake, type of envenomation, organ system involved & supportive care offered.

Own technique of infected malignant wound isolation from the rest of the surgical area in radical resection procedures.

Background: Malignant cutaneous and subcutaneous wound is one of the local manifestations of certain cancers. Ulcerating cancerous wound are often a distinctive characteristic of skin cancers, melanomas, sarcomas and cutaneous metastases of other tumors. The method of choice in most cases is a surgical treatment. After the evaluation of the tumor stage, radical resection of the lesion is performed in patients eligible for surgery. According to literature current data, the bacterial flora of ulcers has been determined, but resection techniques involving isolation of the infected malignant wound (MW) from the rest of the surgical area have not yet been described.

Local manifestations of thickness-dependent topology and edge states in the topological magnet MnBi2Te4

The interplay of non-trivial band topology and magnetism gives rise to a series of exotic quantum phenomena, such as the emergent quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect and topological magnetoelectric effect. Many of these quantum phenomena have local manifestations when the global symmetry is broken. Here, we report local signatures of the thickness dependent topology in intrinsic magnetic topological insulator MnBi$_2$Te$_4$(MBT), using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy on molecular beam epitaxy grown MBT thin films. A thickness-dependent band gap with an oscillatory feature is revealed, which we reproduce with theoretical calculations. Our theoretical results indicate a topological quantum phase transition beyond a film thickness of one monolayer, with alternating QAH and axion insulating states for even and odd layers, respectively. At an even-odd layer step, a localized gapped electronic state is observed, in agreement with an axion insulator edge state that results from a phase transition across the step. The demonstration of thickness-dependent topological properties highlights the role of nanoscale control over novel quantum states, reinforcing the necessity of thin film technology in quantum information science applications.

Predictive Value of Glycemia and Free Fatty Acid Levels upon Admission of Children with Scorpionism in Egypt.

Scorpion envenomation is a life-threatening emergency and causes serious health problems in tropical and subtropical regions. The aim of this study was to correlate the serum levels of biochemical parameters at admission in children with scorpion envenomation with subsequent morbidity and mortality. It was a prospective, observational, and descriptive study conducted for scorpion-envenomed children who presented to emergency and intensive care units between April 2019 and September 2019. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings of patients were recorded and tabulated. Routine investigations were done for all patients in addition to blood levels of lactate, free fatty acids (FFA), and insulin. All patients were compared according to outcome as survivors and nonsurvivors and according to glucose level as normoglycemic and hyperglycemic groups. There were 62 scorpion sting cases; their mean age was 8.6 ± 3.2 years. Patients aged more than 6 years (74.2%), and males (66.1%) were more affected than others. As regards severity, 25.8% were suffering organ dysfunction, 40.3% suffered systemic manifestations without organ dysfunction, and (33.9%) with only local manifestations. Serum glucose and FFA were significantly higher in nonsurvivors compared with survivors. Shock, convulsion, coma, heart failure, and pulmonary edema were significantly more common in hyperglycemic than normoglycemic group. Hyperglycemia, and raised FFA were associated with severe scorpion envenomation. Raised FFA was well correlated with presence of heart failure, leucocytosis, and hyperglycemia. Adding serum glucose and FFA to monitoring parameters of scorpionism severity can help the prediction of high-risk patients.

Late prehistoric period fired clay objects and zoomorphic figurines in the eastern Powder River Basin of Wyoming

Excavation of Late Prehistoric period sites in the eastern Powder Basin of Wyoming has uncovered broken fired clay zoomorphic figurines and fired clay objects. Fired clay figurines and objects in association with a local manifestation referred to as the Thunder Basin phase first appear around AD 600. Shortly after AD 1000 the local use of small diameter cylindrical pit hearths/ovens ceased along with the manufacture of fired clay objects including figurines. Fired clay objects and figurines have been recovered from 15 of the 29 Late Prehistoric period Thunder Basin phase sites excavated to date. The sites are in a 24 km north to south by 25 km east to west area. Complexity of how the fired clay objects and figurines are made varies from simple forming from a lump to modeling around wooden rods that range from 1 to 9 mm in diameter. Some objects retain the charred remains of these rods. The fired clay objects are placed in five categories: zoomorphic heads, zoomorphic snouts or beaks, zoomorphic bodies, cylinders, and lumps.

Локальный фольклор в системе традиционной культуры адыгов (черкесов)

The article deals with the problem of function and forms of local folklore manifestation as the most important part of the Adyge (Circassian) culture. The relevance of the study consists in the fact that the author of the article clarifies the content of the term “local folklore” in relation to the culture of an ethnic group scattered in various geographically isolated areas, including the foreign diaspora. The content of the concept under consideration is ambiguous, and its paradigms are connected with a chain of historical events that determined the fate of an entire nation. The article describes the forms of local folklore at different stages of history, as well as in modern conditions, the ways of its interaction with the general cultural fund, and its prospects in the age of high communication technologies. The positive and negative consequences of globalization, identified during the study, point to the possibilities of achieving harmony between the general trends in the development of civilization and the spiritual values accumulated by the ethnic group in the light of the interaction of various forms of culture are noted.

Bronze age burials within the Morava, Nisava and Timok basins

Following more than seven decades of research on the Bronze Age cremation burial grounds in the territory of Serbia, the new absolute dates provide us with an opportunity to determine a more precise chronological sequence of different local cultural manifestations. Although the pioneers of the Serbian archaeology after WWII defined the main cultural trajectories that led to the establishment of cremation as the main burial rite during the 2nd millennium BC, several misconceptions were established that need to be corrected, considering new data. We regard this paper as our contribution to the better understanding of the cultural and chronological sequence in the Central Balkans during the Bronze Age.

Nitric oxide synthase-2 (CCTTT)n polymorphism is associated with local gene expression and clinical manifestations in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

Introduction Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized through NO synthase (NOS). The proximal NOS2 gene promoter contains the pentanucleotide CCTTT repeat polymorphism. We examined whether CCTTT repeats are associated with NOS2 expression in the sinonasal tissues and clinical manifestations in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Methods Mucosal specimens were obtained from the ethmoid sinus and inferior turbinate of 30 eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) and 28 non-ECRS patients. CCTTT repeats were classified into short alleles (S), with less than or equal to 14, and long alleles (L), with more than 14. The subjects were classified into the L/S + L/L and S/S groups. Results In ECRS, the NOS2 mRNA levels of the ethmoid sinus mucosa were significantly higher in the L/S + L/L group than in the S/S group (median, 1.66 and 0.77, respectively). On the ther hand, ECRS patients showed no significant difference in the NOS2 mRNA level of the inferior turbinate between the L/S + L/L group and the S/S group (median, 0.63 and 0.88, respectively). In ECRS, preoperative SNOT-22 were significantly higher in the L/S + L/L group than in the S/S group, whereas the former group showed a lower postoperative recurrence risk. Conclusion CCTTT repeat polymorphism in the NOS2 promotor gene may be a useful indicator to evaluate ECRS severity and prognosis.

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to late gastric metastasis of renal cell carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is the most common renal neoplasm in adults. It has a relatively slow growth pattern that delays diagnosis until the onset of local, paraneoplastic or metastasis-related manifestations, and an unpredictable behavior ranging from aggressive tumors with poor short-term prognosis to late recurrence cases where metastases are identified years after nephrectomy, the latter scenario being the subject of the case we herein report.

Decolonizing indigenous-newcomer relations in the teaching of English in education

In 2008, the Canadian government convened a Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate the impact of the Indian Residential schools that removed Indigenous children from their traditional territories/families/cultures, and to begin repairing settler-Indigenous relationships. Yet, research on how to rebuild Indigenous-newcomer relationships regarding distinct local manifestations of Truth and Reconciliation and settler colonialism in Canada is scarce. Drawing from recent scholarship in applied linguistics/sociolinguistics on the meta theoretical dimension of thinking about language from the global South/political economic perspectives, this paper presents a conceptual/autoethnographical analysis of contemporary intertwining of capitalism and colonialism as a key producing mechanism of language-related inequalities, as well as challenges experienced in my efforts to create meaningful learning space for both Indigenous and newcomer students.

Dependence of the Gleisberg Cycle Period on the Length of Wolf's Numbers Series

The concept of "Gleisberg cycle" arose from the analysis of a small amount of data for a series of Wolf numbers (WSN), which are characterized by varying degrees of reliability and with the key role of cycles 5-7 of the Dalton minimum. Back in the thirties of the last century, when analyzing the first 16 cycles was done, Gleisberg noted the frequency of their maximums in seven to eight cycles, and later gave an updated value of the period - about 80 years. In the works done over the past 60 years, this period is evaluated within 80 - 110 years. A number of researchers allocate a specific value for the Gleisberg cycle period equals to 88 years. Since different authors analyzed a series of Wolf numbers of different lengths, it makes sense to investigate the influence of the length of the series itself on this period. The paper analyzes the long-period components of WSN versions v1 and v2. The connection between the period and the length of the series is found through the sine approximation of the corresponding fragments. An increase in the sine period from 82 to 110 years (for v1) was obtained with an increase in the length of the series from 18 to 24 cycles and the conditions for the local manifestation of the 88-year harmonic. The initial periodicity of the maximums of seven to eight cycles is transformed into ten to eleven cycles. The WSN series includes recovered data from 1749 to 1849 and further on, regular observation data - reliable data. The dependence of the period on the length of the series, that is, on the share of reliable data, is associated with the inconsistency of the characteristics of the reconstructed and reliable series and casts doubt on the existence of the Gleisberg cycle or “secular” harmonic in the WSN readings in the 1749-2015 interval. changes in the land cover by temporal analysis.

Análise sobre acidentes em humanos por ofídicos

The aim was to identify the medical conduct against snakebites in the literature. This is a descriptive study of a critical-reflexive nature, with a qualitative approach. Three categories were established for analysis, such as: Ophidian accidents, Medical conducts and Permanent education. It was noted the importance of recognizing snakes and knowledge of clinical management in the establishment of an appropriate medical conduct and that, for this, it is necessary for the professional to have a continuing education in their work environment. It is concluded that their accidents constitute a public health problem, with the highest number of accidents in rural areas, in patients of economically active age; regarding the anatomical part, the lower limbs were the most affected; Regarding seasonality, the months from October to December were more frequent and most patients sought immediate help, up to 3 hours after the accident. Among the accidents, the most frequent local manifestations were pain and edema. Most cases were classified as mild and the number of deaths extremely low. The results showed a lack in the taxonomic description and the scarcity of scientific materials that addressed the medical conduct to be taken in the face of accidents with snakes.