Local Workforce Research Articles

A STAKEHOLDER-PARTNERED APPROACH TO INEQUITIES AFFECTING HOME HEALTH CARE WORKERS, OLDER ADULTS, AND CAREGIVERS

Abstract Home health aides (HHAs) provide on-site support for homebound older adults with cognitive impairments, while lessening strain on familial caregivers. However, HHAs face structural challenges in work-related transportation. Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) researchers partnered with community and corporate stakeholders to inform a study evaluating whether on-demand transportation for HHAs via Uber rides will: 1) Improve metrics among HHAs (total visits, total unique patients, hours/week and days/week worked, missed visit/no-show rates, work satisfaction); 2) Increase racial, ethnic, socioeconomic and geographic diversity of older adults with cognitive impairments receiving homecare. Community partner CCHERS (Center for Community Health Education Research Services) helps residents of public/publicly-assisted housing in high-need areas of Greater Boston gain training and entry-level employment in healthcare as HHAs. Through its collaborations with other groups (e.g., Mothers for Justice & Equality, HomeCare Aide Council, Mass HomeCare Alliance), CCHERS identified that lack of affordable, accessible, reliable transportation was among the most-cited barriers affecting HHAs and equitable homecare delivery. Corporate partner Uber Health, through work in preliminary social-impact case studies, identified the platform’s central ride-coordination approach as preferred by Black and Hispanic women in the 18-45y age group (~80% of the local HHA workforce). MGH researchers’ study goals and metrics were informed by input of partners. With its community-engaged approach, innovative partnerships, and focus on achieving equity objectives to benefit patients and homecare workers alike, this project has potential for strong local impacts and future implications for state and/or national policies to provide high-quality, equitable homecare by directly addressing employment transportation-related barriers.

Trauma-Informed Primary Healthcare for Parents: Multidisciplinary Experiences in Rural Service Implementation

ABSTRACT Trauma-informed approaches to service delivery increase awareness of the pervasiveness of trauma exposure and acknowledge the lifelong effects of traumatic stress on health and wellbeing. This study explored workforce experiences of trauma-informed primary healthcare for parents. A face-to-face workshop was conducted with 14 Victorian rural professionals in 2021. Local workforce survey results (n = 63) about trauma-informed care were presented to the group (50% social workers) and they discussed strategies for system implementation. Content analysis was used to develop four categories from the transcribed workshop discussion: (1) primary healthcare understanding of complex trauma; (2) primary healthcare responses to parents; (3) trauma-informed care training; and (4) community and relational strategies to foster trauma-informed care. Our findings highlighted that structural barriers relating to resource control and restrictive program design negatively impact trauma-informed approaches. In contrast, trauma-informed service delivery is enabled by collaboration and building relationships between clients, the workforce, and organisations. In discussing these findings, we draw upon notions of power: namely, discursive, epistemic, and material power, which affect equity. To ensure the client’s voice is prioritised when planning trauma-informed care, we recommend the integration of local knowledge and the embedding of community-based strategies throughout all implementation processes. IMPLICATIONS Preparation for trauma-informed care implementation in rural primary healthcare requires strategies to identify and address structural barriers. Increased use of implementation frameworks would enhance multidisciplinary innovation in trauma-informed practice and adaptation when supporting parents. Employing a typology of discursive, epistemic, and material power to implementation processes has beneficial application in social work to challenge systemic reproduction of inequity.

An underutilised resource: The evolving role of clinical nurses contributing to rural health research.

We aim to discuss the advantages of supporting clinical nurses' involvement in place-based research in rural health services. Australian health services are currently struggling with increased demand in services from an aging population, chronic diseases and nursing workforce shortages. This impact is amplified in rural and remote regions of Australia. Investment in place-based clinical nursing research provides opportunity for nursing recruitment, career and leadership development, and retention, while addressing local health issues and creating pathways for implementation of evidence-based practice. Collaboration between rural health services, universities, policy makers and the Rural Health Multidisciplinary Training program will enable the opportunity for establishment and ongoing development of strong research programs in rural health services to address local health issues and workforce needs.

Development of an undergraduate certificate in clinical and translational science: improving competence of the clinical research workforce.

Introduction: Academic research centers often struggle to recruit and retain a well-trained and diverse clinical and translational science (CTS) workforce. In particular, the clinical research professional (CRP) career pathway is not well known to undergraduate students and other individuals outside of academic medicine despite being a potential career route. To address these workforce challenges, the CRP Task Force at the University of Cincinnati (UC) aims to train a competent and diverse CRP workforce through targeted educational programming in the UC undergraduate population. Methods: Using a six-step curriculum development process that included: 1) performing a needs assessment, 2) determining content, 3) writing goals and objectives, 4) selecting the educational strategies, 5) implementing the curriculum, and 6) evaluating the curriculum, we designed an undergraduate certificate program in CTS. Results: The needs assessment included both internal and external data gathering to inform curriculum development and program decisions. Content was determined using the Core Competency Framework for the Clinical Research Professional Version 3.1., and program learning outcomes were written with both the competency framework and local workforce needs in mind. Educational strategies were selected based on optimization of available resources and local expertise with an emphasis on interactive didactics complemented by experiential learning. Implementation is underway and evaluation will follow once students begin enrolling. Discussion: By educating an undergraduate student population about CTS methods and career opportunities, we anticipate increased numbers of well-qualified, diverse applicants who pursue CRP careers locally and regionally.

Embedding Pharmacist Prescribing into Undergraduate Pharmacist Education: A Qualitative Analysis of Student and Stakeholder Perspectives

Abstract Introduction From 2026 onwards, upon passing the registration exam, all pharmacy students will become independent prescribers (IP), with the aim of maximising the diagnostic and therapeutic skillset of all pharmacist graduates. As a result of this, pharmacy undergraduate education requires a shift in curriculum design to align with the change in direction the profession demands. Research is required to ascertain the needs of the local workforce to identify how the Master of Pharmacy (MPharm) course needs to change to future proof the pharmacy workforce and prepare them to independently prescribe. The GPhC new standards for pharmacist prescribing act as a scaffold for the structure of the course, but individual institutions have a level of freedom in curriculum design. Aim To identify the skills, knowledge and best pedagogical approaches required by key stakeholders in the local workforce, to develop an undergraduate prescribing programme for pharmacy students in a North-East England University Pharmacy School. Methods Two focus groups were conducted, one with key educational stakeholders in the North-East of England (Hospital, Primary Care and Academic Leaders in Pharmacy) and one with current MPharm students attending Newcastle University. Participants were selected via convenience sampling. Each group had n=5 participants. Data were recorded and transcribed, then analysed using thematic analysis in NVivo 12 to draw out key themes to consider when redesigning the MPharm curriculum. The project was granted ethical approval by Newcastle University’s Ethics Committee on 27/09/22, Reference 25121/2022. Results Five key themes were derived, with several overlapping across both groups. Themes identified: course content, teaching methods, assessment methods, current level of practice, and barriers to implementation. Within these themes, the key areas where stakeholders and students felt more training was required were identified as; diagnostic skills, mental health, dealing with patients with comprehension difficulties and dealing with complex decisions. The ways in which best to deliver this content were found to be through placement and seminars, also with students notably enjoying problem-based learning (PBL). Issues with hospitals having the capacity to provide adequate placement time for all students was a key concern amongst the stakeholders and was recognised as a key barrier to implementation of enhanced education in the future. Regarding digitalisation of teaching, students expressed a dislike for online delivery of content, but could see the benefits in teaching of emerging technology. However, it was ultimately felt that technology could not replace real-life experience. OSCEs (Objective Structured Clinical Examinations) were recognised as the best way to assess prescribing ability, however further modifications could be made to make them more specific to independent prescribing. Discussion/Conclusion Stakeholders and students felt the current programme should place greater emphasis on diagnostic skills and complex patient scenarios, with specific focus on people with additional needs such as autism. Additional awareness of the diversity of patients and how this affects prescribing decisions also was raised as a pertinent consideration. Limitations of this research include the small sample size of participants, which limits generalisability of opinions contributed. This was due to lack of recruitment time as a result of project time constraints.

‘We need to stay alive’: ethnicisation and shortage of farm labour in Hungary

ABSTRACT This article fills a gap in the international academic literature, which has little to say on agricultural labour in Central and Eastern European countries and especially Hungary. The paper reveals factors that determine the ethnicisation and problematic availability of seasonal agricultural labourers in Hungary, made up mainly, but not exclusively of people of Roma ethnicity, largely Ukrainian or Romanian citizens from Hungarian minorities in Trans-Carpathia or Transylvania. The flexible oscillation of low-skilled labour across different economic sectors explains why a shortage peaked between 2016 and 2019 when, in addition to agriculture, the local states (through public works programmes) and industry (as post-crisis growth returned) competed for the same labour. The paper discusses findings from qualitative research, undertaken in an inner peripheral rural region, portraying the strategies and practices of local fruit-growing farmers to obtain labour, as well as diversify and mechanise. The study illustrates the mutual dependency of farmers and the local manual workforce. It is likely, however, that this mutuality will not last long: differentiation in farm structure will continue, some small orchards will disappear, large ones will become stronger and larger, and in doing so will not be able to avoid opting for migrant labour.

Concept of Local Labor Empowerment towards the Construction of Tourism Support Facilities in Gianyar Regency

The regulation of legal protection and empowerment of local labor in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower and Regional Regulation (Perda) of Bali Province Number 10 of 2019 concerning the implementation of Manpower, as well as Law Number 25 of 2007 concerning Investment in companies located in Blangsinga Tourism Village, Gianyar Regency is a study of researchers. Companies located in the tourist village of Blangsinga employ local labor in all fields, and it is highly expected to the Government in general as well as employers as investors and local labor in particular that arrangements regarding legal protection and empowerment of local labor require a separate policy from employers, where the employer is also obliged to foster good relations with all parties, namely investors, the community of Blangsinga tourist village and the Government of Gianyar Regency, in this case the Department of Labor, because the policies and regulations issued by the company are inseparable from its supervision, to avoid the possibility of arbitrary actions by employers against the local workforce itself. The purpose of this research is to prevent conflict so that it is necessary to make objective standards so that investors are also protected by their investments. The constraints and obstacles faced by a company in implementing Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower and Regional Regulation of Bali Province Number 10 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Manpower, as well as Law Number 25 of 2007 concerning Investment with the existence of human nature as a creature where certain times or certain conditions in the economic field experience a downturn, encouraging the enactment of the Manpower Law and Regional Regulation of Bali Province Number 10 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Manpower and the Investment Law. In overcoming these obstacles and barriers, the company as an Investor makes every effort to realize the core of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 13 of 2003 and Regional Regulation of Bali Province Number 10 of 2019 concerning the implementation of employment, and Law Number 25 of 2007 concerning Investment which determines that the Company is obliged to prioritize the empowerment of local workers working where the company is established and operating, by providing certain policies by being enforced after deliberations between the company and village officials first. Outputs The targeted scientific journals are reputable National or International journals, as well as research reports in 2023, and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR).

A Crusading Voice for the Mining West

The Rossland Evening World, a four-page daily dedicated to the mineworkers of British Columbia’s bustling West Kootenay mining town of Rossland, first appeared on May Day 1901 – just in time to do battle with local mine owners in the historic 1900–01 miners’ strike. The World may have owed its existence in part to William “Big Bill” Haywood, a founder of the militant Western Federation of Miners (wfm) and the Industrial Workers of the World. On visiting the town and the prospectors’ camp in the 1890s, Haywood saw that Rossland would soon grow into a thriving Pacific Northwest mountain community with a steady increase in wfm membership. He encouraged the miners to form wfm Local 38, possibly the first wfm local in Canada, and soon a dozen Kootenay locals formed wfm District Association 6. A wfm grant followed to help launch the local and the new daily. Amid growing frustration with bad working conditions and mine owners’ refusal to recognize the wfm, the World became a welcome sister to the wfm’s Miners’ Magazine, dedicating itself to “the Interests of Organized Labor.” By the fall of 1900, the strike of 1,400 miners was on, and the World published news and analysis throughout the region. Ultimately the strike was lost, but the World carried on until 1904. As its legacy, it showed how a daily newspaper could help build community support and provide a defence for the local unionized workforce.

Impact of Competitive Strategies on Market Entry and Growth in Emerging Economies in Japan

Purpose: The study sought to analyze the impact of competitive strategies on market entry and growth in emerging economies in Japan
 Materials and Methods: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library
 Findings: the study on competitive strategies in emerging economies in Japan revealed that cost leadership strategies facilitated successful market entry, while differentiation strategies promoted long-term growth. Strategic alliances with local firms were crucial for overcoming barriers, and early entry provided a competitive edge. Adapting strategies to Japan's unique cultural and regulatory context was deemed essential for success in emerging markets.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends fosters a win-win scenario where foreign firms can thrive, and the host economy benefits from increased investments and job opportunities. Developing local talent and transferring knowledge to the local workforce is crucial for long-term growth. Both firms and governments should invest in skill development programs and knowledge transfer initiatives. Firms should prioritize hiring and training local talent, while governments can incentivize such efforts through grants and tax incentives. This practice-policy collaboration ensures that emerging economies can benefit not only from the capital but also from the knowledge and expertise brought by foreign firms.

DESIGN OF BUSINESS MODEL INNOVATION FOR POWER PLANT OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE SERVICES USING DESIGN THINKING METHOD


 
 
 Power generation business competition in Indonesia is increasingly competitive due to the growth of IPP’s with better levels of reliability and efficiency. IPP growth with the TOP scheme in PJBTL has the potential to burden PLN and the state's finances in the long term. In order to guarantee the sustainability of the company, this needs to be a concern of PLN and its subsidiary, PLN Nusantara Power (PLN NP). PLN NP is expected to be able to provide more competitive O&M service fees. This study aims to formulate cost efficiency O&M services based on factors that affect the cost of supplying electricity, to provide efficient and competitive O&M service costs. The research began with the in-depth interviews with experts and reports of electricity supply, O&M service business processes, list of power plant units which were analyzed using the design thinking method, and supported by the cost leadership and blue ocean strategy. The results of the analysis obtained from this study have been validated by experts, in the form of proposed formulations that are studied comprehensively, and are able to solve O&M service cost problems by implementing a cost leadership strategy through changes to return on investment schemes, use of local workforce, appointment schemes directly, as well as the transfer of 3rd party contracts. This research proves that the proposed formulation is able to support O&M service cost efficiency of 9.5%.
 
 

Demographic and clinical characteristics of central nervous system congenital anomalies: A one year review of cases managed at UDUTH Sokoto

Background: The spectrum of CNS congenital anomalies varies from one geographical location to another across the globe. This essentially can be solitary or multiple and can be cranial, spinal, combination of both cranial and spinal or others. The understanding of their distribution in each location could determine local workforce and facility needs and as well guide in the areas of sub specialization. Objective: The aim of this study is to document the pattern of CNS congenital anomalies cases that had surgical intervention, at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective hospital based study from January, 2021 to December, 2021 of all patients with CNS congenital anomalies who had surgical intervention at the Neurosurgery Department, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria. Results: A total of 49 cases presented to our facility and had surgical interventions for central nervous system congenital anomaly. Of those 49 cases with CNS Congenital anomalies, there were 25 (51.0%) males and 24(48.98%) females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.04: 1. The median age was 185 days, with age range of 2– 364days. Overall, the most commonly diagnosed neurosurgical CNS congenital anomalies in order of decreasing frequency were Congenital hydrocephalus 20 (40.82%), Myelomeningocele 14 (28.57%), Encephalocele 10 (20.41%), combination of Hydrocephalus associated with myelomeningocele 8(16.33%), Meningocele 3(6.12%), Lipomeningocele 1( 2.00%), Dandy walker malformation 1( 2.00%) , and Dandy variant1(2.00%) . Conclusions: NTDs (Myelomeningocele, Meningocele and lipomeningocele) were the most common CNS anomalies (55.10%). However, congenital hydrocephalus, Myelomeningocele, Encephalocele, Hydrocephalus + MM, and Meningocele are common in our environment in decreasing frequency. Though, Lipomeningocele, Dandy walker malformation and dandy variant are relatively rare. Understanding of this distribution may guide service expansion and workforce needs, inspire sub specialization as well as direct research and government policy in this community.

The Green Hotel Concept As A Model Of Sustainable Accommodation Facilities

Green-hotel is a concept in the accommodation industry that integrates sustainable practices to reduce environmental impact and encourage social responsibility. This study aims to explain and evaluate the concept of green-hotel as a model of sustainable accommodation facilities. This concept includes the use of environmentally friendly technology, efficient resource management, and community involvement in sustainable efforts. The study notes that green hotels can reduce energy, water, and waste consumption and promote the use of recycled materials. In addition, green hotels also implement social practices such as training the local workforce, promoting local culture, and supporting the local economy. In the context of climate change and growing environmental awareness, the green hotel concept provides a clear view of how the accommodation industry can play a role in preserving the environment and improving the quality of life of local communities. Thus, green hotels are a model of sustainable means of accommodation that have the potential to bring significant economic, social, and environmental benefits.

Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Governmental Public Health Workforce and General Population.

We aimed to estimate the prevalence of COVID-19-related posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in the governmental public health workforce and in US adults, assess differences in reporting PTSS within subgroups, and evaluate whether frontline workers reported higher levels of PTSS than persons in other jobs. We used data from 2 nationally representative studies: the 2021 Public Health Workforce Interests and Needs Survey (PH WINS) and the COVID-19 and Life Stressors Impact on Mental Health and Well-being (CLIMB) study. Our study found that the state and local governmental public health workforce was more likely to report PTSS than the general adult population. Almost a quarter of public health agency employees (24.7%) and 21.1% of adults reported at least 3 symptoms of posttraumatic stress. Differences in levels of PTSS appeared within demographic groups for both samples. Personal care and service frontline workers had 4.3 times the odds of reporting symptoms of posttraumatic stress than non-frontline workers.

Utilizing PRISM and RE-AIM to implement and evaluate the Rural Telementoring Training Center (RTTC) for health care workforce development in rural communities

IntroductionAmid rural health worker shortages and hospital closures, it is imperative to build and maintain the local workforce. Telementoring (TM) or technology-enabled mentoring, is a tool for improving health care quality and access by increasing workforce capacity and support. The national Rural Telementoring Training Center (RTTC) was developed to compile and disseminate TM best practices by delivering free training, tools, and technical assistance to support the implementation, sustainability, and evaluation of new and current TM programs for rural health workers. This paper details how the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM) was used to understand the context that shaped implementation as well as how Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) was concurrently applied to frame outcomes.MethodsThe RTTC has three implementation strategies: outreach, training and technical assistance (TTA), and a Quality Measure Toolkit. Ongoing periodic reflections with the RTTC team, informed by PRISM, were collected, as were RE-AIM outcomes. Central to this design was the continuous review of incoming data in team meetings to inform programmatic changes by identifying challenges and applying modifications to strategies in real time.ResultsMajor implementation changes discussed during reflections included providing timely and relevant messaging through various platforms, streamlining and customizing a TTA approach, and offering different options for accessing the Toolkit. The outreach strategy resulted in high Reach across the US, with over 300 organizations contacted. The effectiveness of the RTTC was demonstrated by counts of people engaging with outreach (ex. over 8,300 impressions on LinkedIn), the website (over 6,400 views), and e-bursts (33% open rate). Moreover, there were 32 TTA requests and 70 people accessing the Toolkit. Adoption was demonstrated by 27 people participating in TTA and 14 individuals utilizing the Toolkit.DiscussionThe integration of PRISM and RE-AIM frameworks promoted a holistic implementation and evaluation plan. Using PRISM, the RTTC team was able to reflect on the implementation strategies through the lens of contextual factors and make rapid programmatic changes within team meetings. That process resulted in outcomes framed by RE-AIM. The integration of two frameworks in tandem provided an adaptive and comprehensive approach to implementing a large-scale, national program.

Perceptions and acceptability of co-administered albendazole, ivermectin and azithromycin mass drug administration, among the health workforce and recipient communities in Ethiopia.

Several neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) employ mass drug administration (MDA) as part of their control or elimination strategies. This has historically required multiple distinct campaigns, each targeting one or more NTDs, representing a strain on both the recipient communities and the local health workforce implementing the distribution. We explored perceptions and attitudes surrounding combined MDA among these two groups of stakeholders. Our qualitative study was nested within a cluster randomized non-inferiority safety trial of combined ivermectin, albendazole and azithromycin MDA. Using semi-structured question guides, we conducted 16 key informant interviews with selected individuals involved in implementing MDA within the participating district. To better understand the perceptions of recipient communities, we also conducted four focus group discussions with key community groups. Individuals were selected from both the trial arm (integrated MDA) and the control arm (standard MDA) to provide a means of comparison and discussion. All interviews and focus group discussions were led by fluent Afaan oromo speakers. Interviewers transcribed and later translated all discussions into English. The study team synthesized and analyzed the results via a coding framework and software. Most respondents appreciated the time and effort saved via the co-administered MDA strategy but there were some misgivings amongst community beneficiaries surrounding pill burden. Both the implementing health work force members and beneficiaries reported refusals stemming from lack of understanding around the need for the new drug regimen as well as some mistrust of government officials among the youth. The house-to-house distribution method, adopted as a COVID-19 prevention strategy, was by far preferred by all beneficiaries over central-point MDA, and may have led to greater acceptability of co-administration. Our data demonstrate that a co-administration strategy for NTDs is acceptable to both communities and health staff.

FOREIGN STUDENTS IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION – A CHANCE FOR THE LABOUR MARKET OF THE POZNAŃ AGGLOMERATION

The labour market of the Poznań agglomeration is characterised by the lowest unemployment rate in Poland, as well as large and varied employer demands, which can be met only to a limited extent by the local workforce. The potential human resources, which for the Poznań agglomeration's employers may be foreign students attending technical and first-degree technical and industry schools, have been characterised on the basis of the conducted desk research and analysis of the empirical data derived from the own research of the Observatory of Economy and Labour Market of the Poznań Agglomeration. The article's aim was to answer two questions: 1) ‘to what extent is vocational education able to prepare foreign students to enter the Polish labour market?' and 2) ‘to what extent do the resources of foreign students meet the needs of local employers?'. The analysis shows that migrant students as participants of Polish vocational education have a chance to effectively adapt to the labour market and to use their competency resources in long-term perspective. It requires a variety of actions to be taken with experts' participation, including in the field of cultural and language education, career counselling, recognition of preferences and predispositions, training of hard and soft skills.

Employability Skills and Career Development Self-Efficacy as Indicators for Workforce Success

The development of graduates’ employability skills has become one of crucial agenda in today’s educational milieu. One if the strategies is my adding the soft skills components in teaching and learning delivery across curriculum. This agenda includes Technical and Vocational and Education and Training (TVET) academic program which now has become the forefront agenda to spearhead the local skilled workforce for the nation. The research employed a quantitative descriptive and cross-sectional study among vocational college students from diploma programs across field of studies to combat numerous issues related to graduates’ preparedness on entering workforce, particularly on lack of employability skills. The employability skills section of the instrument was adapted from Grant, Malloy, and Murphy (2009) and Sarigoz (2012). The CD-SEI (Career Development Self-Efficacy Inventory) was replicated from Yuen et al. (2005) as dependent variable. Findings related to employability skills were indicated at a moderate level. The self-efficacy for career development was moderately high. Students' self-efficacy for career development was not significantly influenced by the demographic variables of gender or academic success. Additionally, the results indicated that vocational college students have higher cognitive skills which significantly predicted the career development self-efficacy. The results of this study can be capitalized as guidelines to carry out a curriculum that is more industrially driven, contributing the exposure to industrial experiences as self-efficacy and employability skills values before venturing job market.

Utilizing augmented reality for the assembly and disassembly of panelized construction

Prefabricated construction allows for efficient resource usage while creating higher-quality products that can be assembled on-site within a short time. While this translates to significant benefits for the overall construction, challenges arise from an increased demand for trained prefabrication assembly workers. As prefabrication calls for skills differing from traditional construction, the local labor force can be negatively affected to impede the successful uptake of prefabricated construction. Upskilling the local workforce to take on prefabrication assembly and potential disassembly can solve this problem. This is more relevant to remote construction projects as they stand to gain more from prefabricated construction. This study presents two workflows for creating Augmented Reality (AR) solutions. The AR solutions are aimed to help workers transition between traditional and prefabrication assembly in a panelized construction project. They are: (1) using QR codes to identify a panel’s intended location and construction sequence and (2) using predefined markers to show required equipment and on-site assembly procedures. The solutions are delivered through smartphones, which are readily available and provide a cost-effective medium. Furthermore, developed workflows present an opportunity to implement Design for Disassembly (DfD) concepts in a project. The proposed workflows show the potential to substantially help communicate to the workers the instructions on both the panel assembly and disassembly activities and upskill the local workforce to support the transition to prefabrication assembly in construction projects.

The Effect Of Government Spending And Investment On Unemployment And Poverty Rate In North Penajam Paser District (PPU) East Kalimantan Province

Sources of financing are needed to manage and develop the region, which can come from Government Revenue and Investment in the area. This study analyzes the effect of Government Spending and Investment on the Unemployment Rate and Poverty Rate. Using secondary data and Structural Equation Modeling, empirically proven that greater Government Spending will decrease the Unemployment Rate and Poverty Rate. The perfect mediating role of the Un-employment Rate on the relationship between Government Spending and the Poverty Rate While Investment does not significantly affect the Unemployment Rate and Poverty Rate. Policies are needed so that existing investments, com-pulsory involving the local workforce, aim to reduce the area's poverty level.

Implementation of Local Labor Protection and Placement Policy Based on Regional Regulation Number 14 of 2017 West Kutai Regency

The Kutai Barat Regency Government has made a policy that provides space or a place so that the local workforce can develop properly and sustainably. This policy is contained in the West Regency Regional Regulation Number 14 of 2017 concerning the Protection and Placement of Local Workers. This Regional Regulation aims to improve welfare and reduce unemployment rates. This study aims to analyze the policy of Regional Regulation of Kutai Barat Regency Number 14 of 2017 regarding the placement of local workers and to analyze the obstacles in the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 14 of 2017 concerning the placement of local workers in Kutai Barat Regency. The research was carried out in Kutai Barat Regency from April to June 2023. This study uses a qualitative research design with a total of 10 key persons. The results of this study show that the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 14 of 2017 concerning Placement of Local Workers in Kutai Barat Regency has not gone well and obstacles in the implementation of this Regional Regulation are (1) resource constraints, which include human resources, which are still low, as well as facilities and infrastructure that are still low, (2) socialization of this regulation to companies and prospective workers is not good, and (3) there are no strict sanctions for violations of this Regional Regulation. Some of the recommendations given based on the findings of this study are for the Manpower and Transmigration Office of Kutai Barat Regency to improve human resources, including increasing the provision of training for prospective local workers.