Local System Research Articles

Optimalisasi SIPD dan SPIP dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Laporan Keuangan: Pentingnya Kompetensi SDM

<p><em><span>This study aims to describe the implementation of Local Government Information Systems (LGIS), Government Internal Control Systems (GICS), and Financial Report Quality (FRQ); evaluate the effect of LGIS and GICS implementation on FRQ; and analyze the role of Human Resource Competence in moderating the relationship between LGIS and GICS on FRQ. The research employs a quantitative approach, focusing on theory testing through numerical variables and data analysis using statistical procedures. The study utilizes the Partial Least Square (PLS) method in Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the WarpPLS 8.0 software, involving 128 respondents from various Local Government Agencies. The results indicate that the implementation of LGIS and GICS positively and significantly affects FRQ. Furthermore, Human Resource Competence enhances the relationship between LGIS and GICS with FRQ, suggesting that improving HR competence can increase the effectiveness of LGIS and GICS implementation in enhancing financial report quality. This study is expected to provide input and contribute to the District Government as an evaluation tool for the implementation of LGIS and GICS. This study also combines the variables of LGIS and GICS on FRQ using the Agency Theory approach.</span></em></p>

Integrating observational and modelled data to advance the understanding of heat stress effects on pregnant subsistence farmers in the gambia

Studies on the effect of heat stress on pregnant women are scarce, particularly in highly vulnerable populations. To support the risk assessment of pregnant subsistence farmers in the West Kiang district, The Gambia we conducted a study on the pathophysiological effects of extreme heat stress and assessed the applicability of heat stress indices. From ERA5 climate reanalysis we added location-specific modelled solar radiation to datasets of a previous observational cohort study involving on-site measurements of 92 women working in the heat. Associations between physiological and environmental variables were assessed through Pearson correlation coefficient analysis, mixed effect linear models with random intercepts per participant and confirmatory composite analysis. We found Pearson correlations between r-values of 0 and 0.54, as well as independent effects of environmental variables on skin- and tympanic temperature, but not on heart rate, within a confidence interval of 98%. Pregnant women experienced stronger pathophysiological effects from heat stress in their third rather than in their second trimester. Environmental heat stress significantly altered maternal heat strain, particularly under humid conditions above a 50% relative humidity threshold, demonstrating interactive effects. Based on our results, we recommend including heat stress indices (e.g. UTCI or WBGT) in local heat-health warning systems.

Social and economic importance of new bamboo species established in three municipalities of the North Eastern Mountain range of Puebla, Mexico

The study was conducted in three municipalities of Puebia, Mexico. The objectives were to identify the species of bamboo in the North Eastern region of Puebla, know the climatic conditions and agronomic systems where it grows, characterize the socioeconomic situation of the producers, and identify the contribution to the family economy. A review of the history of cultivation in Mexico was carried out at the National Herbarium of Mexico (MEXU). For the collection of information, it was considered that the bamboo system was within the local agricultural system and selection of municipalities was based on the productive relationship of the crop and the introduction of species in the area. Sixty-four surveys were done of bamboo producers through the questionnaire with social, economic, and productive variables related to the bamboo production system. In the Puebla’s North Eastern Mountain range there are two new species of bamboo, Bambusa oldhamii and Guadua angustifolia, both with different characteristics of uses and established in two production systems, the commercial and family system. At present they have a low commercialization of some bamboo derivatives and little use as food. The region is considered one of extreme proverty. The two species have a high potential for environmental adaptation agronomically they are developed as a single crop in backyards and used in various commercial activities. The lack of use of the crop in the region and its rapid natural expansion due to the environmental conditions for its growth, induces the tendency to consider it as an undesirable plant

Apostle–auriga: effects of stellar feedback subgrid models on the evolution of angular momentum in disc galaxies

ABSTRACT Utilizing the apostle–auriga simulations, which start from the same zoom-in initial conditions of Local Group-like systems, but run with different galaxy formation subgrid models and hydrodynamic solvers, we study the impact of stellar feedback models on the evolution of angular momentum in disc galaxies. At $z = 0$, auriga disc galaxies tend to exhibit higher specific angular momenta compared to their cross-matched apostle counterparts. By tracing the evolution history of the Lagrangian mass tracers of the in-situ star particles in the $z = 0$ galaxies, we find that the specific angular momentum distributions of the gas tracers from the two simulations at the halo accretion time are relatively similar. The present-day angular momentum difference is mainly driven by the physical processes occurring inside dark matter haloes, especially galactic fountains. Due to the different subgrid implementations of stellar feedback processes, auriga galaxies contain a high fraction of gas that has gone through recycled fountain (${\sim } 65$ per cent) which could acquire angular momentum through mixing with the high angular momentum circumgalactic medium (CGM). In apostle, however, the fraction of gas that has undergone the recycled fountain process is significantly lower (down to ${\sim } 20$ per cent for Milky Way-sized galaxies) and the angular momentum acquisition from the CGM is marginal. As a result, the present-day auriga galaxies overall have higher specific angular momenta.

A fingerprint dictionary processing approach in indoor localization system based on wi-fi

Indoor localization using Wi-Fi fingerprinting based on Received Signal Strength (RSS) has gained widespread attention due to its immunity to external factors and ability to penetrate obstacles. The localization process involves an offline phase for building a radio map and an online phase for matching location queries. Existing matching algorithms often prioritize enhancing online phase accuracy, overlooking the importance of offline data preprocessing, which can negatively impact overall performance. This study introduces a novel approach called Fingerprint Dictionary Preprocessing (FDP) that employs Convolutional Dictionary Learning (CDL) to process radio map data. CDL learns a set of kernels capturing site characteristics, representing RSS values from Access Points (APs) in a sparse manner. The proposed FDP system compresses data through feature learning, reducing storage requirements for data transmission. In the online phase, CDL is utilized for assisting matching fingerprints against the learned dictionary, accurately locating users. The contributions of the FDP system presenting a cost-effective and practical solution for indoor localization, addressing the challenges associated with large data collection and multi-dimensional data requirements, making it a promising approach for real-world applications. We conducted experiments in two real indoor environments, and the results indicated that the proposed FDP system, whether applied to the original radio map or the preprocessed fingerprint database, led to improved localization accuracy and reduced localization time.

Dephasing-assisted transport in a tight-binding chain with a linear potential

An environment interacting with a quantum system can enhance transport through the suppression of quantum effects responsible for localization. In this paper, we study the interplay between bulk dephasing and a linear potential in a boundary-driven tight-binding chain. A linear potential induces Wannier-Stark localization in the absence of noise, while dephasing induces diffusive transport in the absence of a tilt. We derive an approximate expression for the steady-state current as a function of both dephasing and tilt which closely matches the exact solution for a wide range of parameters. From it, we find that the maximum current occurs for a dephasing rate equal to the period of Bloch oscillations in the Wannier-Stark localized system. We also find that the current displays a maximum as a function of the system size, provided that the total potential tilt across the chain remains constant. Our results can be verified in current experimental platforms and represents a step forward in analytical studies of environment-assisted transport.

Multisystemic Therapy for a Child in Difficult Circumstances With Disruptive Behavior in China: A Single-Case Design

Purpose: This study aims to address concerns about the ability of Chinese social workers to collaborate with multiple systems and effectively implement multisystemic therapy (MST), given their low professional status. Based on the first MST practice in Mainland China, the study evaluates the effectiveness of MST in addressing disruptive behaviors in a child in difficult circumstances (CDCs), assesses its fitness within the Chinese context, and explores strategies for social workers to collaborate within the contexts of the specialized protection system for CDCs and the establishment of social work service stations. Method: A single-case AB research design with repeated measures across multiple contexts was adopted. Results: The study suggests MST's potential effectiveness and cultural and political compatibility in China, and identifies three strategies for social workers to intervene across multiple systems. Conclusion: MST could be a valuable tool in social work practice with proper integration into local systems in China.

Indigenous and Local Knowledge: Instruments towards Achieving SDG2: A Review in an African Context

This study seeks to review African indigenous and local knowledge in farming systems that are used as instruments for the achievement of sustainable development. Hence the idea of sustainability, indigenous and local knowledge paying reference to Zero Hunger. Limited studies have indicated the importance of indigenous knowledge systems as a fundamental driver for the achievement of SDG2 by 2030. This study envisioned the idea of sustainable development in the context of indigenous and local knowledge as a potential for achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 2. Hence, it emphasizes the necessity of a radical investigation of Indigenous knowledge practices for a more effective local farming system in the African setting that is inclusive and driven by the Indigenous community to harness the untapped riches of indigenous knowledge. Local and Indigenous knowledge are regarded as knowledge systems possessed by cultural groups and, based on their experience and adaptability to local culture and environment, it is important for development, particularly in food security. The study concludes by urging further potential investigation into whether indigenous and traditional knowledge systems as tools can be used to accomplish Sustainable Development Goals in practice.

A pH-Responsive Ti-Based Local Drug Delivery System for Osteosarcoma Therapy.

Osteosarcoma is one of the major bone cancers, especially for youngsters. The current treatment usually requires systemic chemotherapy and the removal of bone tumors. Titanium (Ti)-based implants can be modified as local drug delivery (LDD) systems for controllable and localized chemotherapeutic drug release. In this work, a pH-responsive Ti-based LDD prototype was designed by introducing polydopamine (PDA) to release doxorubicin (DOX) around osteosarcoma cells with low pH. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a contact angle meter were applied for surface characterization. Both direct and indirect cell culture modes were performed for biocompatibility and biofunction assessments. The results indicate that the Ti-based LDD prototype exhibits significant pH-dependent DOX release. The cumulative release can reach up to approximately 40% at pH = 6.0 after 72 h, but only around 20% at pH = 7.4. The Ti-based LDD implant shows good biocompatibility with approximately 93% viability of MC3T3 cells after direct culture in vitro for 24 h. Both direct and indirect culture modes verify the good anti-osteosarcoma function of the LDD implant, which should be attributed to the pH-responsive release of DOX.

Pay As You Go (PAYG) Pension Scheme and Employee Performance in Anambra State Local Government System (2012 - 2021)

Pay As You Go (PAYG) Pension Scheme and Employee Performance in Anambra State Local Government System (2012 - 2021)

Smart structural health monitoring (SHM) system for on-board localization of defects in pipes using torsional ultrasonic guided waves

Most reported research for monitoring health of pipelines using ultrasonic guided waves (GW) typically utilize bulky piezoelectric transducer rings and laboratory-grade ultrasonic non-destructive testing (NDT) equipment. Consequently, the translation of these approaches from laboratory settings to field-deployable systems for real-time structural health monitoring (SHM) becomes challenging. In this work, we present an innovative algorithm for damage identification and localization in pipes, implemented on a compact FPGA-based smart GW-SHM system. The custom-designed board, featuring a Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA and front-end electronics, is capable of actuating the PZT thickness shear mode transducers, data acquisition and recording from PZT sensors and generating a damage index (DI) map for localizing the damage on the structure. The algorithm is a variation of the common source method adapted for cylindrical geometry. The utility of the algorithm is demonstrated for detection and localization of defects such as notch and mass loading on a steel pipe, through extensive finite element (FE) method simulations. Experimental results obtained using a C-clamp for applying mass loading on the pipe show good agreement with the FE simulations. The localization error values for experimental data analysed using C code on a processor implemented on the FPGA are consistent with algorithm results generated on a computer running Python code. The system presented in this study is suitable for a wide range of GW-SHM applications, especially in cost-sensitive scenarios that benefit from on-node signal processing over cloud-based solutions.

Grounded governance: Cultivating social justice through community-engaged learning with PEPAKEṈ HÁUTW̱ (Blossoming Place)

By deepening student relationships to local governance systems, they become better equipped to envision and enact the worlds they seek to create. This paper discusses a community-engaged learning initiative facilitated by a University of Victoria instructor that centered on the theme of “Grounded Governance” to anchor student learning about governance and social justice theories, movements and practices. The overall approach draws inspiration from bell hooks who explains the value and significance of engaged learning. Specifically, this paper discusses the experience of teaching place-based learning through engagement with Indigenous-led ecological restoration efforts, including collaboration with PEPAKEṈ HÁUTW̱ (Blossoming Place). The author reflects on community site visits with a W̱SÁNEĆ nonprofit organization to learn about ecological restoration and decolonial governance. This grounded approach to teaching is inspired by Indigenous-led place-based learning. As a collaborative effort between the Studies in Social Justice program, the School of Public Administration and community partners, this pedagogy aims to integrate community-engaged learning more deeply into the study of public administration. Doing so in practice emphasizes relationship-building with local Indigenous-led community organizations while supporting student learning objectives by teaching about social justice through collaborative and meaningful public engagement.

Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Treatment for Cardiac Device Infections.

Cardiac device infections (CDIs) are a serious complication in patients with implanted devices, resulting in increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stay, and increased healthcare costs. The effective management of these infections involves a combination of appropriate antibiotic therapy and preventive strategies aimed at reducing the risk of infection. The role of antibiotic prophylaxis in infection prevention is crucial, including the emerging use of antibiotic-supported tools and other local antibiotic delivery systems, which may reduce the risk of infection at the device implant site. In this contemporary review, we provide an overview of the prophylactic treatment and different antibiotic regimens for the treatment of CDIs, emphasizing early diagnosis, appropriate choice of antibiotics, and individualized treatment.

Reconfiguring rickshaw mobilities: formalization and exception in Dhaka’s diplomatic zone

This paper examines the relationship between formalization and (im)mobilities by focusing on the reconfiguration of cycle-rickshaw journeys in the ‘diplomatic zone’ of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Following two terrorist attacks in 2015 and 2016, this high-income neighborhood witnessed a strong trend toward the securitization, regularization, and sanitization of urban space. Consequently, the local transport system underwent significant changes, including a number of interventions aimed explicitly at regularizing cycle-rickshaw mobilities. These changes involved the introduction of a formal license system, a fixed fare chart, and the designation of a limited number of registered rickshaws to clearly demarcated areas. This paper critiques the insular and exclusionary logic that underpins this area-based rickshaw system and argues that formalization – in this particular instance – has led to the deepening of existing inequalities. In analyzing these inequalities, I present formalization as an inherently unfinished process that gains shape through simultaneous and often contradictory processes of fixing, enclosure, and exception. I offer that this conceptual triad provides a useful starting point for making sense of the relationship between formalization and (im)mobilities in a way that does not reify or assume intuitive and simplistic conflations between the formal/static and informal/mobile.

From Geospatial Data Cube to AI Cube: the Open Geospatial Engine (OGE) Approach

Abstract. The Earth Observation (EO) analytics are moving from local systems to online cloud computing platforms such as Google Earth Engine (GEE) and Open Geospatial Engine (OGE). A typical approach in existing efforts is to leverage geospatial data cubes with cloud computing to support large-scale big EO data analytics in Digital Earth systems. While online analytical processing (OLAP) can be enabled using the cube approach, it is still not clear how geospatial artificial intelligence (GeoAI) can be incorporated in data cubes to benefit the cube infrastructure. Such an investigation can consolidate the vision of an AI-ready SDI (Spatial Data Infrastructure). The paper presents a systematic approach to incorporate GeoAI models into geospatial data cubes to help create an AI Cube. It covers on-demand model retrieval, cube data and model integration, and distributed model inference. The approach is demonstrated in OGE, which is an EO cloud computing platform layered on the GeoCube implementation. The results show that such an AI Cube enriches a cube infrastructure with GeoAI capabilities, facilitates the on-demand coupling of cube data and GeoAI models, and improves the performance of GeoAI inference.

A novel explicit fast numerical scheme for the Cauchy problem for integro-differential equations with a difference kernel and its application

The present study focuses on designing a second-order novel explicit fast numerical scheme for the Cauchy problem incorporating memory associated with an evolutionary equation, where the integral term's kernel is a discrete difference operator. The Cauchy problem under consideration is related to a real finite-dimensional Hilbert space and includes a self-adjoint operator that is both positive and definite. We introduce a transformative technique for converting the Cauchy problem incorporating memory, into a local evolutionary system of equations by approximating the difference kernel using the sum of exponentials (SoE) approach. A second-order explicit scheme is then constructed to solve the local system. We thoroughly investigate the stability of this explicit scheme, and present the necessary conditions for the stability of the scheme. Moreover, we extended our investigation to encompass time-fractional diffusion-wave equations (TFDWEs) involving a fractional Caputo derivative with an order ranging between (1,2). Initially, we transform the main TFDWE model into a new model that incorporates the fractional Riemann-Liouville integral. Subsequently, we expand the applicability of our idea to develop an explicit fast numerical algorithm for approximating the model. The stability properties of this fast scheme for solving TFDWEs are assessed. Numerical simulations including a two-dimensional Cauchy problem as well as one-dimensional and two-dimensional TFDWE models are provided to validate the accuracy and experimental order of convergence of the schemes.

Method to discriminate between localized and chaotic quantum systems

We study whether a generic isolated quantum system initially set out of equilibrium can be considered as localized close to its initial state. Our approach considers the time evolution in the Krylov basis, which maps the system's dynamics onto that of a particle moving in a one-dimensional lattice where both the energy in the lattice sites and the tunneling from one lattice site to the next are inhomogeneous. By tying the dynamical propagation in the Krylov basis to that in the basis of microstates, we infer qualitative criteria that allow distinguishing systems that remain localized close to their initial state from systems that undergo quantum thermalization. These criteria are system-dependent and involve the expectation values and standard deviations of both the coupling strengths between Krylov states and their energy. We verify their validity by inspecting two cases: Anderson localization as a function of dimension and the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of a many-body dipolar spin system. We finally investigate the Wigner surmise and the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis that have both been proposed to characterize quantum chaotic systems. We show that when the average value of the nondiagonal terms in the Lanczos matrix is large compared to their fluctuations and to the fluctuations of the energy expectation values, which typically corresponds to delocalized quantum systems according to our criteria, there can be level repulsion of eigenenergies (also known as spectral rigidity), similar to that of the Wigner-Dyson statistics of energy levels; and we also demonstrate that in the same regime, the expectation values of typical local observables only weakly vary as a function of eigenstates, an important condition for the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. Our demonstration assumes that, in the chaotic regime, the observable is sufficiently diagonal in the basis of Krylov states. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

A note on purity of crystalline local systems

In this short note, we prove a purity result for crystalline local systems on a smooth p p -adic affine formal scheme. Our method is based on the prismatic description of crystalline local systems (see Du et al. [Compos. Math. 160 (2024), pp. 1101–1166]; cf. Guo and Reinecke [Invent. Math. 236 (2024), pp. 17–164]), which is different from the approach by Tsuji [Crystalline sheaves and filtered convergent F F -isocrystals on log schemes, preprint].

Migrants serving migrants? Representative bureaucracy at the front lines of migration management

Abstract The ways in which minority street-level bureaucrats construe their identities as state representatives and as representatives of minority clients are known to inform their discretionary behavior toward clients, thereby shaping policy outcomes. While existing studies have examined race and ethnicity as shared identities between minority bureaucrats and clients, the role of “migrant” identity has been overlooked. Focusing on the so-called European migration crisis of 2015–2017, this study addresses this gap. Drawing on qualitative interviews with migrant bureaucrats, it examines how being simultaneously a migrant and a migration policy implementer shapes bureaucratic discretion. This article introduces the notion of “migrant representative” and identifies four profiles of migrant bureaucrats, each corresponding to different degrees of identification with the local migration management system and the migrant clients. In doing so, it contributes to the literature on representative bureaucracy and the debate on the linkage between passive and active representation.

Expanded roles of community health workers beyond malaria in the Asia-Pacific: A systematic review.

In the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), community health workers (CHWs) are a key component of malaria elimination strategies. As malaria declines, support for, and uptake of, malaria services may also subsequently decrease. Expanding their roles beyond malaria has been proposed to sustain the services. A systematic review was conducted to identify and characterize programmes with CHWs providing services in addition to those for malaria in the Asia Pacific. This review describes the expanded roles, identifies evidence of impact or success of the programmes, and explores strategies to ensure sustainability and factors for effective implementation to inform the design of malaria CHW programmes. Searches were conducted in 6 databases, for grey literature, and in bibliographies of retrieved articles. Data were extracted from 38 published articles, 12 programme reports, and 4 programme briefs and analysed using thematic coding and descriptive analysis. Twenty-nine programmes were identified with CHWs performing both malaria and non-malaria roles in the Asia Pacific. There was evidence of impact on malaria incidence in 4 of these, none on malaria mortality, and 4 on other diseases. Monitoring and evaluation mechanisms, multi-sectoral stakeholder collaborations, and adequate training and consistent supervision of CHWs were key to effective programme implementation. Integration of programmes into broader health services, ongoing political and funding support, and engagement with local communities were found to contribute to sustaining provision of health services by CHWs. Expanding CHW roles depends on programme management and strengthening linkages with local health systems. To sustain malaria CHW services, countries need adequate policies and financing, and sufficiently strong health systems to deliver basic health services that are adapted to the health needs of the community which means transitioning away from vertical disease programs. Further research should explore programmes that have not been captured in this review and address gaps in measuring malaria outcomes.