Local Side Research Articles

Evaluation of local and systemic side effects of Turkovac vaccine in adults.

COVID-19 is a respiratory disease that caused a pandemic after reportedly emerging from Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Different types of COVID-19 vaccines such as viral vectors, mRNA, and inactivated vaccines have been produced since the beginning of the pandemic. Turkovac is an inactive COVID-19 vaccine developed and produced in Türkiye. We conducted our study to investigate the local and systemic side effects of the Turkovac vaccine. A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted to collect data on the postvaccine side effects in people aged over 18 who were vaccinated with Turkovac, between March and June 2022, in the Malatya Turgut Özal University Research and Training Hospital. A 54 question, multiple-choice questionnaire was used to collect demographic data from the participants and identify the possible local and systemic side effects after Turkovac vaccine administration. Of the 403 participants included in the study, 134 (33.3%) were female and 269 (66.7%) were male with a mean age of 47.7 ± 13.7. The most common local side effects observed after vaccination were pain at the injection site (22.8%) and local swelling and redness (0.5%). Systemic side effects included weakness or fatigue (4.2%), muscle or joint pain (2%), headache (1.7%), fever (1%), cough (0.25%), lymphadenopathy (0.25%), and urticaria (0.25%). Side effects were most commonly observed within the first 24 h. We found that for participants under 47 years of age, female sex, chronic diseases, and regular medication use were associated with the risk of suffering side effects. Our study revealed that Turkovac is a generally well-tolerated vaccine and had no side effects. More studies are required to evaluate Turkovac's side effects in other populations.

Patient Satisfaction after Lip Enhancement Procedure by Facial Fillers in Sulaimani City

Objective: The aim of this paper is to assess the level of patient satisfaction after receiving lip filler injections. It also attempts toinvestigate the association between the satisfaction level and various factors such as number of filler treatments, amount of fillerinjected and site of injection, among female patients in Sulaimani.Methods: A cross-sectional survey that used a questionnaire derived from the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale, WHO quality oflife scale and convenience sampling were used to recruit patients attending cosmetic clinics to the study. Besides, descriptive analysisand chi-square methods were used to analyze the data.Results: 300 female patients participated in the study, with a mean age of 28.48 years. About 90% of the participants reportedimprovement after filler treatment, ranging from “improved” to “very much improved”. A statistically significant association was foundbetween patient satisfaction and number of filler treatments. Local side effects such as swelling and redness at the site of injection were common but they were mostly mild and did not last for an extended period.Conclusions: Although the satisfaction level is currently high, practitioners in the field need to pay more attention to this importantoutcome, since understanding the patients’ motivation and expectations before proceeding with the procedure is very important andcan contribute significantly to increasing patient satisfaction with the results.

Ketorolac as a Local Analgesic in Orthopaedic Conditions: A Systematic Review of Safety and Efficacy

Effective pain management is essential in the treatment of musculoskeletal pathology. Corticosteroid injections have long been used both locally and systemically for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties in orthopedic conditions. Opioids have long been used in the perioperative setting to optimize pain control, however both corticosteroids and opioids are not without harm. Ketorolac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) has shown to be effective as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent in and outside the perioperative setting with less risk of local and systemic side effects. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Relevant publications were identified searching the PubMed database and EMBASE. The initial search totaled 3,978 articles. After thorough review, 21 full text manuscripts were included (Fig. 1 – PRISMA Chart). 21 full text manuscripts were reviewed assessing over 3,100 who received a local injection of Toradol. Overall, the studies reviewed universally demonstrated an excellent safety profile for ketorolac both systemically and locally. Clinical studies have shown that local application of ketorolac demonstrated decreased postoperative pain, decreased lengths of hospital stays, and decrease postoperative opioid use. This is the first ever study to assess the efficacy, safety profile, and postoperative outcomes with local use of ketorolac injections in musculoskeletal pathology. The local use of ketorolac in the intra-articular and peri-articular setting provides a safe and effective adjunct or alternative treatment in patients with musculoskeletal ailments.

Asymptotics of the Helmholtz equation solutions in a two-layer medium with a localized right-hand side

Asymptotics of the Helmholtz equation solutions in a two-layer medium with a localized right-hand side

EFFICACY OF LOCALISED APPLICATION OF TRANEXEMIC ACID AND MEFENAMIC ACID TABLET POWDER IN EXTRACTION SOCKETS FOR CONTROL OF POST EXTRACTION BLEEDING AND PAIN:A SPLIT-MOUTH RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL

Background: Post extraction bleeding and pain are two common complications in routine dental practice .There are no studies in which Tranexamic acid and Mefenamic acid combination powder is used locally to control post extraction bleeding and pain. Methodology: This study was conducted in 18 patients indicated for orthodontic extraction of mandibular first premolar and right side was the study side in which pre crushed TRANSET MF powder was placed and compared to the left side which was the control side .Post extraction bleeding immediately and 30 min post extraction was compared along with pain using VAS pain scale on 1,2,3,7 th day post extraction.. Results: There was statistically significant difference in time of post extraction bleeding between study side (less time) and the control side .There is statistically significant difference in pain scale less pain perceived in the study side than the control side. Conclusion: This study is the first one to evaluate the efficacy of crushed TRANSET MF Tablet Powder in post extraction sockets and has shown significant results in reducing post extraction pain and bleeding with no local and systemic side effects .Hence this will be a simple and cost effective technique that can reduce both post extraction bleeding and pain.

Safety Appraisal of Orthodox Vaccine Administration Versus Herbal Lipids Mixture Application Abuja, Nigeria Experience

The study examined all the area councils within Federal Capital Territory Abuja, during the Covid 19 pandemic in order to critically appraise the extent of safety of orthodox vaccines and local herbal remedies. A total of 933 volunteers were involved. The adverse reactions post herbal and orthodox vaccinations were compared in order to ascertain which of the two regimes best suited the volunteers. Two sample sizes were estimated. One was based on the expected frequency of at least one local side effect between 48.9 and 85.8%. The second was based on the expected frequency of at least one systemic side effect between 52.6 and 70.5%. T-test calculated was far higher than the values tabulated at 99% confidence limits when the two independent population means of both volunteers that were administered with orthodox vaccine and those who received the local Joseleen lipids mixtures (JOHVIR) were compared. In other words, t-cal. 34.6> t –tab. 3.17 at P <0.01, Case fertility rates for the post orthodox vaccine administration was 14% in all the area councils unisex and across all age groups while no fatality cases were recorded post herbal lipids mixture administration to volunteers. This study provides novel evidence that there was high significant difference (P<0.01) in serious adverse reactions post orthodox vaccine administration and far milder and lesser adverse reactions post Local Joseleen Herbal Lipids mixture (Johvir) across all the ages tested. Keywords: Adverse Reaction, Case- Fatality, Intravascular, JOHVIR, Orthodox, Oral.

An efficient multiple-word embedding-based cross-domain feature extraction and aspect sentiment classification

As the size of the feature space and data size increases, it is difficult to find the essential key features for cross-domain classification problems. Traditional word embedding and feature selection models use limited-sized data and dimensions for feature ranking and classification processes. To overcome these challenges, a hybrid cross-domain classification (CDC) based feature selection has been proposed to improve the efficiency of aspect sentiment classification on large databases. Initially, the crawled data from the Amazon product dataset to the cloud web server. In the data filtering approach, each record is pre-processed for the noise removal process. In the CNN framework, the different word-embedded models are used to ensemble the features from the training data. Here, TF-ID+Word2Vec, Hybrid Glove, and Skipgram are used to select the relevant key features from the training data. On the local side, remote IoT-based devices data distributed processing. For in-depth analysis of the sentiments IOT sensors have been used for automation. The filtered key features are given to the proposed feature extraction measure to select the essential features for the cross-domain classification model, it classifies the positive or negative. The proposed CDC model achieves overall precision and recall is 0.96 and 0.97 respectively. Experimental results proved that the proposed cross-domain feature selection-based classification approach has a better overall true positive than the conventional approaches.

Common Side Effects of Pfizer COVID-19 Vaccine: An Experience From Pakistan.

Introduction The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) epidemic spread quickly. Vaccines are now being distributed to stop the infectious spread and halt fatalities. The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine was the first mRNA-based vaccine introduced to boostimmunity against COVID-19; however, it could lead to various adverse reactions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of Pfizer vaccine side effects among participants. Methods This was a multicenter cross-sectional study that was performed using a non-probability sampling method. The study period was about six months from March 1, 2022, to August 31, 2022. A total of 1000 participants who received two doses of the Pfizer vaccine met the inclusion criteria. Demographic details of participants, for example, gender, age, comorbidities, Pfizer vaccine with both doses along with booster dose, previous exposure to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, and the incidence of any local and systemic side effects following the first and second doses of vaccine, were reported. Results The study findings showed that out of 1000 participants, 644 (64.4%) were males and 356 (35.6%) were females; their mean age was 43.06±14.98 years. Among them, 280 (28.0%) had hypertension and 356 (35.6%) had diabetes. Following the first dose of the Pfizer vaccine, burning at the injection site and fever were the most commonly reported side effects in 704 (70.4%) and 700 (70.0%) participants, respectively. Following the second dose of the Pfizer vaccine, muscle pain was the most commonly reported side effect in 628 (62.8%) participants. Conclusion This study concluded that the most frequent adverse effects of the Pfizer vaccine were burning at the injection site, fever, pain at the injection site, muscle pain, swelling at the injection site, and joint pain. Moreover, the first dose was associated with more side effects than the second dose.

Sinovac COVID-19 Side Effects in Hypertensive Patients: An Observational Study From Pakistan.

Background The most important factor in combating the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was the provision ofsafe and effective vaccines. The acceptance of vaccines is impacted by several variables, including beliefs about the vaccine's safety and adverse effects. Vaccine side effects can vary depending on the type, but they are often moderate, localized, transient, and self-limiting. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of side effects experienced after receiving the Sinovac vaccine by participants hypertensive and non-hypertensive participants. Methodology This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study that was performed using non-probability sampling. The study duration was six months from May 1, 2022, to October 31, 2022. The study involved 600 individuals who had either received the first or second dose of the Sinovac vaccine. For categorical data, frequencies and percentages were documented. The chi-square test was applied to determine the association between local and systemic side effects among hypertensive and non-hypertensive participants. Results The study findings showed that out of 600 participants, there were 187 (62.3%) males and 113 (37.7%) females with hypertension, and 222 (74.0%) males and 78 (26.0%) females without hypertension, with a significant association(p = 0.002). Following the first dose of the Sinovac vaccine, fever was the most commonly reported side effect in 153 (51.0%) hypertensive participants and 62 (20.7%) non-hypertensive participants, with a significant association(p < 0.001). Similarly, following the second dose of the Sinovac vaccine, fever was the most commonly reported side effect in 108 (36.0%) hypertensive participants and 57 (19.0%) non-hypertensive participants, with a significant association(p < 0.001). Conclusions This study concluded that the presence of hypertension significantly increased the manifestations of local and systemic side effects compared with non-hypertensive participants. Moreover, fever, pain, and swelling at the injection site were the most commonly reported side effects after receiving the first and second doses of the Sinovac vaccine.

Self-reported symptoms after COVID-19 vaccination. Distinct sex, age, and geographical outcomes in Lebanese and Italian cohorts

Following the COVID-19 discovery in December 2019, different vaccines were authorized in 2021 in Italy and Lebanon, but side effects and the impact of sex and age remained partly explored. We designed a web-based “Google Form” questionnaire to record self-reported systemic and local side effects up to 7 days after 1st and 2nd dose of the vaccine in two distinct Italian and Lebanese cohorts. Twenty-one questions in Italian and Arabic languages explored the prevalence and severity of 13 symptoms. Results were compared with respect to living country, timing, sex, and age classes. A total of 1,975 Italian subjects (age 42.9 ± SD16.8 years; 64.5% females) and 822 Lebanese subjects (age 32.5 ± SD15.9 years; 48.8% females) joined the study. The most common symptoms in both groups were injection site pain, weakness, and headache after the 1st and 2nd doses. The rate of post-vaccinal symptoms and the severity score were significantly higher in females than in males and progressively decreased with increasing age following both doses. We find that among two populations from the Mediterranean basin, the anti-COVID-19 vaccine generates mild age and sex-dependent adverse effects, with ethnic differences and prevalent symptoms rate and severity in females.

#5946 MULTICENTER STUDY EVALUATING THE FREQUENCY OF ADVERSE EVENTS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SARS-COV2 VACCINATION AMONG PATIENTS WITH GLOMERULAR DISEASES

Abstract Background and Aims Development of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has altered the natural course of the related infection and the pandemic. The present study aims to explore the frequency of adverse events in patients with glomerular diseases (GD). Methods Patients with biopsy-broven GD, who received at least one dose of the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 were studied retrospectively. Patients who ended up in ESKD prior to vaccination were excluded. We recorded demographics, histopathological diagnosis, past medical history, immunosuppressive regimens which were given at diagnosis and thereafter, outcome of the GD and adverse events associated with the vaccine, both systemic and local. We also estimated the rate of GD relapse post vaccination in patients who were in remission of the primary diseases compared with patients who decided not to receive the vaccine. Results To date 280 patients with GD have been included in the study with a mean age of 47,6 (±17,8) years, of whom 111 (39,6%) are males. Patients received in total 3,0 (±0,9) vaccine doses with the mean time from the diagnostic kidney biopsy to the 1st dose of being 76,5 (±61,5) months. 47,1% of the patients were on immunosuppressive therapy at the time of vaccination. 27,1% of the patients reported systemic side effects (fever, arthralgias, myalgias) and 50,7% reported local side effects (pain, swelling, itching, edema). Renal function and 24-hour proteinuria remained stable after vaccination. Among patients who were in remission of the GD at the time of vaccination 19 (8,2%) patients experienced a relapse of the primary disease after vaccination, versus 5% of patients not vaccinated (p = 0,99). Conclusions According to our findings the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 appears safe for patients with GD with no significant impact in renal function or the probability for relapse.

DISEASE HISTORY OF A COMORBID PATIENT

In real clinical practice, more and more doctors encounter comorbid pathology. The combination of cardiovascular diseases with the pathology of other internal organs dictates the need to prescribe a variety of drugs. A comorbid patient is a serious problem for any clinician, since in this case it is necessary to take into account several components of therapy, which makes it difficult to control the effectiveness of the treatment, increases polypharmacy, the likelihood of developing local and systemic side effects of drugs, and also reduces adherence to therapy. The article presents a discussion of the clinical case of a comorbid patient, which required a broad outlook of the therapist in the field of not only cardiological aspects of diagnosis and treatment, but also nephrological, rheumatological. The stages of the performed diagnostic search with the verification of the clinical diagnosis and the tactics of the prescribed pharmacotherapy are given. Based on the presented data, it is shown that in conditions of comorbidity it is difficult for a doctor to avoid polypharmacy. We present to your attention a clinical observation in which combined independent clinical conditions acquire the character of comorbid processes, determining the difficult situation of choosing a rational therapy.

Common Local and Systemic Side Effects of Sinovac Covid-19 Vaccine Among Children and Adult Participants

Objective: Vaccination is one of the primary measures for halting the COVID-19 outbreak. Although there are several vaccines in use around the globe, little is known about the Sinovac vaccine's efficacy and side effects. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the reported side effects of the Sinovac vaccine in children and adult participants. Methodology: This was a multi-centered, cross-sectional study that was performed, using a non-probability sampling method. The study’s duration was about eight months, from March 1, 2022, to October 31, 2022 after taking approval. The study included 450 participants, including 225 children and 225 adults, who had either received the first or second dose of the Sinovac vaccination. Age, weight, height, and duration of diabetes and hypertension were documented as means and standard deviations. Frequencies and percentages were documented for demographic features. A chi-square test was used to determine the association between local and systemic side effects among children and adult participants. Results: The study findings showed that out of 450 participants, One hundred forty (62.2%) male participants and 85(37.8%) female participants were under the age of 18, and 163(72.4%) male participants and 62(27.6%) female participants were above the age of 18 years, with a significant difference observed among them (p=0.021). Following the first dose of the Sinovac vaccine, fever was the most frequently reported side effect in 123(54.7%) children and 81(36.0%) adult participants, with a substantial association noticed among them (p&lt;0.001). Similarly, following the 2nd dose of the Sinovac vaccine, fever was the commonly reported side effect in 94(41.8%) children and 61(27.1%) adult participants, with a substantial association noticed among them (p=0.001). Conclusion: This study concluded that the most frequently reported side effect was fever in both children and adult participants following receiving the first and second doses of Sinovac vaccines. Moreover, pain and swelling at the injection site were the only local side effects observed. Additionally, the observed side effects were more pronounced after the first dose as compared to the second dose. Keywords: Sinovac vaccine, fever, pain, swelling injection site.

Efficacy of available treatments for periungual and subungual pyogenic granulomas: A systematic review

Efficacy of available treatments for periungual and subungual pyogenic granulomas: A systematic review

Midpoint Reflections on USAID HIV Local Partner Transition Efforts.

<h3>Key Messages</h3> Strengthening local systems through direct partnerships with local organizations and partner governments is a critical pathway to locally led development and achieving sustained epidemic control of HIV/AIDS. The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) has made substantial progress toward the U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief goal of funding 70% of its portfolio directly through local organizations, including partner country governments. Five key factors that facilitated localization of the HIV/AIDS portfolio include: (1) developing strategic and intentional plans grounded in local reality; (2) customizing data systems to monitor progress toward goals and adapting them as needed; (3) investing in strengthening local partner organization and financial management capacity; (4) changing the way USAID does business; and (5) ensuring consistent USAID and local leadership and advocacy. Efforts in the first part of the HIV local partner transition have focused on reducing barriers on the USAID side; over the next 3 years, the HIV programs will need to focus on reducing barriers on the local partner side.

Tests on the incline rectification of suction bucket foundation installation under local cyclic shock loading

ABSTRACT There are many problems with the vertical installation of suction buckets due to the complex ocean wave current and seabed geological conditions. In this paper, a set of tests were developed to study the mechanism of incline rectification of the suction bucket foundation based on resistance-reduced vibration on local side walls (RRV-LSW). In this experiment, the dynamic evolution process of pore water pressure around the suction barrel foundation was monitored from three angles of vibration frequency, initial inclination angle and load, and the influence of local cyclic vibration parameters on the slope velocity of the suction barrel foundation was quantified. The results indicate that a tilted suction caisson foundation can be effectively corrected through lateral wall vibration, and the correction effect is closely related to the vibration frequency, initial tilt angle, and static pressure load.

Temperature Control Load Demand Response Control Strategy Considering User's Willingness Difference

Considering the pressure of communication facilities, the difference in willingness to participate, privacy protection, and other factors, a temperature control load demand response control strategy based on signal broadcasting considering the difference in user willingness is proposed. The control strategy is divided into the aggregator side and the local temperature control load unit side and its response index are sent by the aggregator to all temperature control load units in the form of signal broadcasting. In this control strategy, considering the variety of temperature control load units and different temperature control intervals, a universal temperature normalization value is established. The user participation willingness coefficient is introduced, and the expression of the actual participation probability of the temperature control load is constructed. According to the comparison result with the random number, whether to start or stop the temperature control component is selected. Finally, the overall application flow of temperature control load demand response is designed, and the effectiveness of the strategy is verified by MATLAB simulation.

Influence of epidemiological and clinical factors in the reactogenicity to Comirnaty® vaccine in health care workers of a Spanish university teaching hospital (COVIVAC study).

Comirnaty® is an mRNA vaccine against COVID-19 which has been administered to millions of people since the end of 2020. Our aim was to study epidemiological and clinical factors influencing reactogenicity and functional limitation after the first two doses of the vaccine in health care workers (HCWs). Prospective post-authorization cohort study to monitor safety and effectiveness of the vaccine. Local side effects were mild and presented both with first and second dose of Comirnaty. Systemic side effects were more frequent after 2nd dose. Nevertheless, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with systemic effects after the first dose of the vaccine (OR ranging from 2 to 6). No severe adverse effects were reported. According to multivariate analysis, the degree of self-reported functional limitation after the first dose increased with age, female sex, previous COVID-19 contact, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). After the second dose, the degree of functional limitation observed was lower in those with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, and it was positively associated to the degree of functional limitation after the first dose. Systemic adverse effects were more frequent after the second dose of Comirnaty. Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with systemic effects after the first dose. Age, female sex, previous COVID-19, previous isolation due to COVID-19 contact, and CCI showed to be independent predictors of the degree of functional limitation after the 1st dose of Comirnaty®. After the 2nd dose, the degree of functional limitation was lower in those who previously had SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Colon Delivery of Nutraceutical Ingredients by Food-Grade Polymeric Systems: An Overview of Technological Characterization and Biological Evaluation

The development of food-grade carriers based on EFSA and/or FDA-approved polymeric materials is an area of growing interest for the targeted delivery of bioactive compounds to the colon. Many nutraceuticals have shown promise in the local treatment of conditions that threaten quality of life, such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, colorectal cancer, dysbiosis and other problems affecting the gut and colon. Nevertheless, their bioavailability is often limited due to poor solubility, rapid metabolism and low permeability, as well as undesirable local side effects. Encapsulation in carriers, which can protect the active ingredient from degradation and improve absorption and targeted administration in the colon, is one way to overcome these limitations. The technological characterization of these systems is important to assess their efficacy, safety and stability. In particular, morphology, size and surface properties influence their actions and interaction with the bio-phase. Meanwhile, encapsulation efficiency, profile and in vitro release kinetics are key parameters to assess the ability to reach the target site. This paper proposes a recent review of food-grade polymer-based systems for colorectal targeting of bioactive substances, focusing on their technological characterization and assessment of stability and biological activity, which are important in determining their full bench-to-bed potential.

Topical Protease Inhibitor Decreases Anal Carcinogenesis in a Transgenic Mouse Model of HPV Anal Disease.

Anal cancer is a major health problem. This study seeks to determine if the topical protease inhibitor Saquinavir (SQV), is effective at the prevention of anal cancer in transgenic mice with established anal dysplasia. K14E6/E7 mice were entered into the study when the majority spontaneously developed high-grade anal dysplasia. To ensure carcinoma development, a subset of the mice was treated with a topical carcinogen: 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). Treatment groups included: no treatment, DMBA only, and topical SQV with/without DMBA. After 20 weeks of treatment, anal tissue was harvested and evaluated histologically. SQV was quantified in the blood and anal tissue, and tissue samples underwent analysis for E6, E7, p53, and pRb. There was minimal systemic absorption of SQV in the sera despite high tissue concentrations. There were no differences in tumor-free survival between SQV-treated and respective control groups but there was a lower grade of histological disease in the mice treated with SQV compared to those untreated. Changes in E6 and E7 levels with SQV treatment suggest that SQV may function independently of E6 and E7. Topical SQV decreased histological disease progression in HPV transgenic mice with or without DMBA treatment without local side effects or significant systemic absorption.