Perception Of Local People Research Articles

Yerel Halkın Festival Turizmine Yönelik Algılarının Değerlendirilmesi: Uluslararası Kahramanmaraş Dondurma ve Kültür Sanat Festivali Örneği

The aim of the research is to determine perceptions of the local people towards the International Kahramanmaras Ice Cream and Culture and Art Festival held in Kahramanmaras. The questionnaire form consists of demographic variables and the local people's perception of the festival scale. The questionnaire was applied to the people of Kahramanmaras in the form of easy sampling. In the research, data was obtained by evaluating the results of 414 surveys. The findings were obtained by examining the data with the SPSS program. Four factors occurred in the research. The urban pride factor has been the most explained. It has been observed that urban pride is at the forefront for the people of Kahramanmaras. It has been observed that female individuals are more embracing about the festival than male individuals. According to the results of the research, a positive and significant relationship was observed between cultural influence and urban pride. It is seen that there is a culturally positive effect as the level of education increases. Previous studies also support this. As the income level rises, the negative view of festivals decreases.

Impact of China Pakistan Economic Corridor on Local Economy and Tourism Development: Case of Hunza, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan

This study is aimed to analyze the role of tourism in affecting the local economy of Hunza. The Structural Equation Modeling was applied for knowing the local people perception about CPEC projects and their effect on tourism economy development. In addition, descriptive statistics tools using STAT 12 have been used for the data analysis and prior to analysis, Cronbach’s alpha test was used to check reliability of various items of the questionnaire. The data werecollected from students, retailers, hotel owners, tour operators and travel agents. Results reveal that according to the respondents, CPEC is a game changer for the economy. In addition, there is significant effect of CPEC projects on the tourism development in Hunza. Results of the study also revealed that CPEC projects have negative effect on environment and local culture.

Determinants of people's seismic risk perception: A case study of Malakand, Pakistan

Earthquakes around the globe are threatening both human lives and infrastructure. It is essential to assess risk perception of people to introduce appropriate disaster risk reduction strategies. This study aims to identify various factors influencing people's perceptions of earthquake risk. The survey was conducted in earthquake-prone sub-districts of Malakand. Using the random sampling method, 240 households were interviewed. The interviews were conducted using semi-structured questionnaires. The risk perception index was constructed using indicators extracted from the literature review. For identifying socioeconomic variables influencing risk perception, multivariate regression analysis was performed. Results revealed that seismic risk perceptions varied significantly with age, income, experience, and house type. People who suffered in the past from earthquakes had a higher risk perception. People who had constructed their houses using engineering materials tend to have low-risk perception. It was also found that people were aware of the risks posed by earthquakes, but did not adopt any precautionary measures, due to their fatalistic stance towards future earthquake occurrence. As a result, their susceptibility to earthquakes has increased substantially. The study recommends awareness campaigns and educational programs to improve the risk perception of local people, especially about the importance of earthquake-resistant design and building codes.

LOCAL PEOPLE'S PERCEPTION OF ECOTOURISM: THE CASE OF GIRESUN PROVINCE

Ekoturizm doğal-kültürel değerleri koruyan, kalıcı zararlar vermeden yerel halkın ekonomik gelir elde edebilecek şekilde kullanmasına imkân sağlayan ve aynı zamanda sosyo-kültürel ilişkilere olumlu katkısı olan bir turizm türüdür. Ekoturizm ülke ve bölge açısından büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Ayrıca turizm hareketliliğini hem 12 aya hem de ülke geneline yayabilecek potansiyele de sahiptir. Ekoturizmin bir bölgede gelişebilmesi o bölgede yaşayan yerel halkın algısına bağlıdır. Yerel halkın ekoturizm algı düzeyi ne denli yüksek olursa ekoturizmin bölgede gelişmesine o denli katkı sağlayacaktır. Araştırmamızda Türkiye’nin önemli ekoturizm potansiyeline sahip illerinden biri olan Giresun’da yerel halkın ekoturizm algısının ölçülmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda 700 kişiye anket uygulanmış olup, 574 anket istatistiksel analiz için uygun görülmüştür. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 programında değerlendirilmiş olup, frekans analizi, standart sapma ve ortalama, güvenilirlik analizi, bağımsız örneklemleri için T-testi, one-way ANOVA (tek yönlü varyans) testi ile Tukey (Çoklu karşılaştırma) testi yapılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda Giresun ilinde yaşayan yerel halkın ekoturizmin ekonomik, sosyo-kültürel ve çevresel alt boyutlarına yönelik algılarının demografik özelliklerine göre olumlu yönde değiştiği saptanmıştır. Genel olarak Giresun ilinde yaşayan yerel halkın ekoturizmin alt boyutlarına yönelik algılarının olumlu olduğu ve bölgede ekoturizmin gelişmesini destekledikleri görülmüştür.

Ecosystem Services, Local People Perception and Preferences in Chilimo Forest of Ethiopia

Site and situation specific assessments of such services are crucial to sustainably conserve and manage forest resources. In this study, using Chilmo forest as a case study site, an attempt has been made to identify the main ecosystem services which are perceived and preferred by local communities. The study triangulated primary data collection methods such as field observations, household surveys, key informant interviews and pebble-distribution methods. In addition, secondary data was used to support and verify the primary data. Combination of techniques were employed for data analyses. Five lanscapes and four forest ecosystem services were identified. Out of which, provisioning services are the main source of livelihood and subsistence incomes for local communities. Forests are the sole source of water and fuel wood services in the study area. According to the perception and preferences of local people forest land received the highest scores compared to other landscapes for all services except provisioning services. We conclude that local communities are highly dependent on forests’ ecosystem services in the study area. This finding is expected to contribute towards management of the Chilmo forest and to be used as an input for further valuation study.

A Study of the Potential of Ecotourism Development in Konawe Islands Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

The ecotourism potential development in Konawe Islands, Southeast Sulawesi Province requires academic study as a foothold in region policy making by all development stakeholders. This study aims to provide data and information about the potential of natural resources could be the ecotourism object, analyzing the perceptions of local communities, and formulating strategic plan for ecotourism development. The study was conducted from April-October 2019. This research used quantitative methods with data that were collected from observations, interviews, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and literature studies. Data analysis was made using quality criteria scale of flora fauna diversity, SWOT analysis and litmus tests. The results of the study showed that Konawe Islands Regency has potential ecotourism objects in coastal-sea panoramas (Sawaea beach and Kampa beach), and in the mainland-hills with waterfalls panoramas (Tumburano waterfalls and Lanuku waterfalls). The results of importance/significance measurements indicate that the flora potential have a scale value of 3 (moderate), the fauna potential have scale of value 4 (good) and the potential criteria of "B", which indicates that the tourist attraction has a potential quality to be developed as ecotourism. Local people's perception is very positive because they believe there are economic, socio-cultural and ecological benefits from ecotourism development. The results of the SWOT analysis with the Litmus test found some main strategies in form program plans such as increasing the knowledge and skills tourism community, increasing the availability of capital financial for ecotourism businesses and development of ecotourism infrastructure facilities. Besides that, the main strategies from SWOT analysis result are promotion of ecotourism objects, the stipulation of rules about management of attractions; and deal with potential conflict issues and abrasion or erosion.

Local people’s perceptions about Land Use Cover Change (LULCC) for sustainable human wellbeing in Namibia

Land use/land cover change (LULCC) has taken unprecedented rates in all corners of the world. The accelerated rate of change has affected ecosystem functioning and human well-being. It, therefore, warrants research and constant monitoring to provide crucial updated information for sustainable conservation, especially in semi-arid environments, and the current changing climate. This study investigated local people's perception of LULCC in the Kavango River Basin of Namibia. Coupled with relevant literature, the key informants and local community members were interviewed to provide primary information about the observed changes and also to supplement the existing secondary data. The study revealed that Kavango West and East, key informants, have different perception about the changes they have witnessed. The Kavango East people think the establishment of protected and community forest areas led to decrease in available land for farming. This created enclaves of communities in the middle of protected areas that continue to lose crops and livestock to wildlife. However, the Kavango West attribute forest-land loss to agricultural activities and land abandonment due to degradation. This implies the area is undergoing fragmentation from LULCC which is a threat to ecological biodiversity. This study presents the perception of local communities about LULCC's offering vital information needed in designing targeted interventions for land degradation. Therefore, all stakeholders should work together to ensure the sustainable co-existence of communities and natural resources for sustainable human well-being.

Residents Perception and Attitude of Tourism Development: A Case Study of Patan Durbar Square the World Heritage Site

Tourism is growing rapidly and is one of the most important industry in many developing countries. The tourism sector has become major factor of importance in the world GDP because of its rapid growth and development. It is a power force of change in the economy. So, development of tourism influences the development of other sector such as agriculture, food processing, handicraft etc. which can contribute to the well-being of the entire community.
 Tourism development is strongly related to local communities. Local people are a key element that helps in the development of tourism. They are the important component that influence the future development of tourism destination. The development of certain area or place is impossible without the help of people living in that area. Therefore, the involvement and participation of local people is very important for the development of any sector.
 Tourism development is one of the important components for the economic growth of the country. In this respect, the perception and attitude of local people plays the most important role. So, the present study provides an idea about the tourism development by the local people perception and explore the need of the tourist by identifying their problems and study the involvement of local people for its development.
 Based on the survey, the analysis revealed that the facilities like internet, parking facilities, information center, sanitation, safety and security, good food, pure drinking water are the most needed facilities. This study also analyzed that government sector plays a significant role and is required in the development of tourism through infrastructure and hospitality. The infrastructure like road and transport, electricity, water and hospitality like communication, accommodation, and food and beverages. This study also explains that the involvement of local people through various activities like trade and business, maintaining good environment, hospitality, cultural program. The major problems like lack of sanitation, information center, shops in every place in unmanaged way, lack of infrastructure was also revealed by this study.

Community Perception Surrounding Riung National Park to the Conservation of Komodo Dragon

People on Benteng Tengah, Nangamese and Latung have been living in Flores Island and smaller island nearby Flores, like Ontoloe, long before the establishment of national park. In 1992 and 1996, the government established Nature Conservation of Wolo Tado, Nature Conservation of Riung and Marine Nature Conservation of 17 Pulau. This decision led to government’s policy to prohibit the opening of land by burning. Local people used to open a land for agricultural purpose by setting a fire in order to regenerate the savanna to promoting the growth of young grass leaves. People use young grass to feed their cattle. This prohibition causes the people had to herd their cattle far from they live. As the consequence, threat from Komodo (Varanus komodoensis) to attack cattle is increased and people consider Komodo as pest that has to be terminated. This research aimed to study people’s knowledge about Komodo status as endangered species and its implication. Data were collected from people who lives in Benteng Tengah, Nangamese, and Latung, Regency of Ngada, East Nusa Tenggara. Data were obtained from respondents using interviews and questionnaires. Perception of local people who lives in Benteng Tengah (93%), Nangamese (93%) and Latung (100%) showed that people are aware about Komodo’s habitat vegetation. Good perception on Komodo and habitat vegetation will maintain komodo sustainability.

Using social network methodological approach to better understand human–wildlife interactions

Human-wildlife interactions (HWI) are present in areas where wild animals and humans compete for limited space, sometimes resulting in potentially harmful conflicts on both sides. The upper Prahova Valley within the central Carpathian range of Romania represents an area where interactions between humans and wildlife can still be found, but potentially conflicting due to the presence of both large intact natural habitats and increasing human pressure over the environment. In our study, we hypothesize that an adequate understanding of the HWI problem involves analyses on landscape pattern, natural or human induced triggering factors, and local stakeholders’ perception of the phenomenon including the measures they consider suitable for optimizing their interactions with wild animals. Therefore, the goal of our paper was to analyse the characteristics of the HWI phenomenon in the upper Prahova Valley, based on exploring the local stakeholders’ perspective. The study methodology consists of three steps: (i) applying 450 questionnaires to local stakeholders in order to extract HWI data; (ii) detecting the interconnection between various types of HWI and the perception of local people, using statistical and network approaches; and (iii) develop a set of recommendations which are applicable at both, local and regional decisional level in order to decrease the negative impact of HWI, enhance wildlife conservation strategies and promote a sustainable interactions with humans and mitigate potential conflicts that occur between humans and wildlife. The results indicate that the brown bear, wild boar and red fox were constantly increasing in HWI after 1990, while interactions with Eurasian wolf, stone marten, European polecat, roe deer and mountain viper were usually scarcer. The brown bear and wild boar were the prior species involved in conflict interactions with humans, such as the destruction of fences, orchards, or gardens. The bear was the only wildlife responsible for non-fatal human attacks. Locals consider the lack of wildlife food supply by the forest staff and the deficient forest management practices after 1990 to be the main triggering factors of these negative HWI. They perceive that the interactions with these animals pose a high risk to human security. Our results stand as a strong argument for a complex management system concerning the HWI phenomenon which adapts upper-level policies and governance decisions to both local stakeholder’s needs and wildlife management objectives to be achieved in order to attain a favorable conservation status.

Consumer perception towards sale of second-hand clothes in the localities of Odisha, States of India

Objective: The objective of this paper is to understand the perception of local people of Odisha specifically Bhubaneswar city towards the sale and purchase of second-hand clothes. This paper also highlights the importance of garment reuses for environmental benefits and how to promotion of the sale of second-hand garments. Methodology: The research methodology consisted of quantitative analysis from the data obtained through the distribution of questionnaires through online mode to the residents of Bhubaneswar city and a qualitative approach by interviewing them on their perception towards sale and purchase of second-hand clothes. Results: Consumers’ level of awareness regarding the implications of textile wastes on the environment is quite low. Perception of others on a customer purchasing second-hand clothes mattered a lot. Since that perception was mostly negative, customers always stepped back in making the purchase. Moreover, it was also associated with poor hygiene and quality which was a major turn off for them. Surprisingly, they didn't mind paying a good amount if the garment was good in quality & hygienic which is a positive sign as their mindset can be changed with a proper approach. Limitations: The survey was conducted with less sample size. Hence, more accurate and precise data can be obtained by increasing the sample size.

Sustainable Tourism Strategy for the City of Kupang's Lasiana Coastal Area

The integrated and sustainable coastal tourism development activities can contribute to an area both in increasing the income of the government and the local community. The Lasiana coastal area of Kupang City has both natural and cultural potential, location, but it has not been implemented optimally. This study aims to determine the development strategy of the Lasiana coastal area based on the opinion of tourists and local communities in supporting development. This research is quantitative descriptive. The approach in this study is a quantitative approach to describe respondents' responses to attractions based on the questionnaire given. The results showed that the perception of local people and tourists is very influential in determining the area development strategy. The strategies used include the provision of facilities and infrastructure, the provision of a master plan for regional tourism development, traffic management arrangements, human resource development, the development of attractions as well as for cooperation among parties in terms of promotion and maintaining the sustainability of tourism and the environment.

Ecotourism and its impact on indigenous people and their local environment: case of Ghalegaun and Golaghat of Nepal

Ecotourism has had an impact on the local environment, economy, culture, and society. But indigenous communities living near the protected area where ecotourism is practiced might not be receiving any benefits. Instead, these communities affected by the establishment of protected areas are facing human-wildlife conflicts. It is necessary to observe the impacts of ecotourism in the indigenous communities and their local environment. A study was carried out in two popular ecotourism destinations: Ghalegaun and Golaghat of Nepal. Data was collected through household surveys, key informant interviews, focused group discussions, and other secondary sources. Graphical and descriptive analysis was carried out in Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package for Social Survey-20. Ecotourism had supported the conservation of flora and fauna, the promotion of alternative energy sources, and the management of solid waste. It had also enhanced women empowerment, institutional support, infrastructures of development, and local culture. An increase in tourism employment had supported their livelihood. But, there was an increase in the price of basic goods, modernization of youth, and chances of solid waste management problems with an increasing number of visitors. For the sustainability of ecotourism in the area, effective management of waste, regulation of price, and involvement of local people in tourism are important. Regular studies on attitude and perception of local people towards eco-tourism and conservation should be prioritized.

Climate disturbance impact assessment in West Africa: evidence from field survey and satellite imagery analysis.

Extreme drought events from climate disturbances are weakening livelihood and limiting agriculture and livestock production in the Sahel region. The lack of relevant information to anticipate coping measures has exacerbated impacts leading to climate adaptation failure in most parts. In this regard, the current research paper has collected important datasets with an objective to assess the impact of extreme drought events on household's livelihoods for better understanding impacts, local people's perception, and the changes on vegetation cover in order to support a robust adaptation strategy to drought. The study conducted a household survey and collected satellite data for comparative analysis. The first survey was conducted in 2013 to collect data from 465 household heads through a structured questionnaire. Supplementary focus group discussions (FGDs) were also conducted in 2018 to collect qualitative information from targeted respondents such as village leaders and members of other key groups including women and youth. Descriptive statistics and correlation coefficient matrix were used to characterize the impact on households' main livelihoods and logistic regression to predict people's perception on pasture depletion over the last 20years. Satellite data were used to derive spectral vegetation of land covers and unsupervised classification indexes. Both individual survey and focus group discussions identified drought as the main climate constraint which reduced crop production, water and pastures. The logistic analysis revealed that if the respondent's major occupation is livestock, the probability to perceive a depletion of pasture will increase by 28%. Concurrently, the satellite image observation in perfect agreement with the field survey showed 6.78% and 6.01% losses of water surface and vegetation cover respectively between 1986 and 2016 in the study area. These findings showed that logistic regression coupled with satellite information can inform on past and future impacts which are extremely crucial for sound adaptation planning in the Sahel region.

유휴산업시설을 활용한 지역문화공간의 특성 및 지역민들의 인식연구 -경북 영주148아트스퀘어 사례를 중심으로-

유휴산업시설을 활용한 지역문화공간의 특성 및 지역민들의 인식연구 -경북 영주148아트스퀘어 사례를 중심으로-

Perceptions and attitudes of the local people towards bats in the surroundings of the Escaba dam (Tucumán, Argentina)

When biodiversity conservation of non-charismatic species is a priority, local people perception and value attributed to species are of vital importance. The presence of a huge colony of bats ( Tadarida brasiliensis ) in the Escaba dam located at the Yungas forest is an emblematic case for the conservation of bats in Argentina. The objective of this study was to evaluate the perception and attitude about the bats of the people living around the Escaba dam in order to redirect conservation efforts and education plans. Semi-structured surveys and participant observation were used to survey the information; and generalized linear models to analyze. The local inhabitants do not recognize the diversity of bat species, and mention only blood-sucking and insectivorous bats. The results show a positive trend in perception and attitude, influenced by the recognition of the role of bats as insect controllers and a feeling of identity generated by the colony. The perception becomes more positive as age advances and in those who reached the secondary level of education. New ways of measuring perception and attitude are presented, such as describing the forms of bat exclusion. All this must be taken into account in the development of the management plan, which should consider the possible local use of guano as a fertilizer, sustainable tourism and educational actions aiming at differentiating the species (i.e. this is not an hematophagous bat colony), the role of the colony at controlling possible diseases and the ecosystem services associated with these species.

The Recent Political Situation in Ethiopia and Rapprochement with Eritrea

The aim of this article is designed to provide an overview of the historical and contemporary relations between Ethiopia and Eritrea as well as to examine the recent geopolitical situation and the perception of local people in Ethiopia. This paper is mainly based on secondary data analysis of the available secondary information and news reports, online articles, academic literature, interviews and discussions. The war between Ethiopia and Eritrea brought political, economic and social security threats to the Horn of Africa. Although the economy in Ethiopia is at the developing stage, recent protests have shaken the country to its core. Since 2015, anti-government protests have been triggered over freedom of the press, land rights, under-represented seats in the coalition parties, and horizontal inequality in economic, political and social affairs among ethnic groups across the country. In this study, it is established that the unrestrained political circumstance of the current regime has created dissension and violence among the public, and thus led to escalating political, economic and security crises in the country. If this issue is not rectified quickly, the peace in the country may be jeopardized. Another issue is that although Ethiopia-Eritrea rapprochement is appreciated, the agreement between the two leaders and their foreign policy orientation is still unclear.

Landslide Hazard Mapping: GIS Based Susceptibility Assessment of Leoutikhola Watershed, Dhankuta, Nepal

This article examines the landslide hazard mapping in Leoutikhola watershed of Dhankuta district, eastern hills of Nepal. The hills are regarded as one of the most vulnerable areas in the world. The area is prone to different types of natural hazards such as landslide, debris flow, gully erosion, mass wasting, and flooding. Various studies pointed out biophysical and socioeconomic factors are more responsible to landslide hazards in the hill-slope environment. This paper argues that the rainfall intensity, unscientific methods of cultivation and lack of environment friendly developmental activities in steep slope are some of the major driving factors to landslide in the Leoutikhola watershed area. Leoutikhola watershed area has been suffering from different types of natural hazards such as landslide, debris flow, gully erosion, mass wasting and flooding. Field verification and satellite imageries are the major sources for the information to analyze. Due to its fragile and very weak geological condition, geomorphic hazard is considered more common than other types of hazards which lose massive lives and property in the study area. The field observation and local people perception indicate a large amount of budget required to mitigate natural hazards in this area especially for landslide. In this context, this paper attempts to portray the landslide hazard zonation and susceptibility mapping correlated with various factors. For this purpose, bivariate statistical index and Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) tools are used to calculate weighted values. The overall parameters indicate that in the series (-4.2 to 4.58) of five different hazard zones like very low, low, moderate, high and very high. The paper concludes that hazard determination calculated values indicate to 4.2 to -2.09, -2.09 to -1.0, -1.0 to-0.05, -0.05 to 1.24 and 1.24 to 4.58 respectively in the range of quartile series.

Assessment of crop damage caused by Asian antelopes compared to local people perception in the community conserved Abohar Wildlife Sanctuary, Northwestern India

ABSTRACTObjective estimates of crop loss due to herbivores and their comparison with the perception of people towards damage factors are required for the formulation of effective mitigation strategies. From October 2016 to May 2018, we used protected and unprotected plots to measure the extent of crop damage by blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra) and nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus) in the Abohar wildlife sanctuary (India). Land use and land cover (LULC) analysis of 2011–2012 data revealed that more than 90% of the sanctuary was under agricultural practices. The crop grain yield was significantly lower in unprotected plots. Mean (± SD) reduction in crop yield was significantly higher in mustard (40.12 ± 4.56%) than in cotton (26.50 ± 3.50%) and wheat (20.61 ± 3.94%) (p < 0.01). Perceived risk plots (based on 152 semi-structured interviews) revealed that local people working in the farming sector perceived nilgai to be the most crop depredating species followed by blackbuck, pests and stray animals. Participants manifested resentment toward the non-existence of crop damage compensation schemes. Managing wildlife habitats could also reduce the pressure on cultivated zones.

PrimaTourism: Preliminary study on activity budget of Presbytis neglectus with insights on local people perception on the product’s potential economic value in Johor

The newly classified Schlegel’s Banded Langur, P. neglectus in Malaysia are one of the most understudied primates in Malaysia. Unknown population status and distribution coupled with highly fragmented population recorded in Malaysia demands immediate need to study the fundamental aspects of the species such as daily activity budget. PrimaTourism are also suggested as a viable sustainable conservation measures for this highly threatened species. Thus, the objectives of this study are to identify the daily activity budget of P. neglectus in Kampung Johor Lama, Kota Tinggi, Johor, and also identify the potential of primate-based tourism in Kampung Johor Lama. Scan sampling was employed to record activity budget of P. neglectus. A total of 16 individuals of P. neglectus were observed in Kampung Johor Lama. A total of 8400 minutes of observation time was obtained. On average, P. neglectus spent most of their time resting (36.85%), moving (35.65%) and feeding (21.79%)The potential of PrimaTourism were assessed based on questionnaire distributed among local people in Kampung Johor Lama. Local people expressed their willingness to be involve in PrimaTourism activities and believe that this will serve as their alternative source of income and also sustainable well-being of the species in the area.