Local Microorganisms Research Articles

Evaluation of the Fiber Content of Maggot (Hermetia Illucens) Growing Media-Based Organic Waste

Organic waste is waste that can be decomposed entirely from biological processes and is easily decomposed. Organic waste has low nutrient content and high fibre. Efforts are made to increase the low nutrient content and reduce the high fibre content contained in organic waste, then fermented using local microorganisms (MOL). This study aimed to determine changes in fibre content (NDF, ADF and hemicellulose) in various fermented organic wastes. The method is an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely various organic wastes and fermentation time, with three replications. The parameters of this study consisted of NDF, ADF and Hemicellulose. The study showed that the treatment of various organic wastes had a very significant effect (P < 0.01) on NDF, ADF and hemicellulose. Fermentation time had a very significant effect (P < 0.01) on ADF but had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on NDF and hemicellulose. There was a significant interaction (P < 0.01) between organic waste and fermentation time on ADF content, but there was an interaction with NDF and hemicellulose. Conclusion: Fermentation of various organic wastes and duration of fermentation using local microorganisms (MOL) can reduce the fibre content of NDF, ADF and hemicellulose. The best fermentation was obtained on vegetable media fermented for two days.

SOSIALISASI DAN PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN MIKROORGANISME LOKAL (MOL) BONGGOL PISANG SEBAGAI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DALAM MENDUKUNG PERTANIAN ORGANIK MASYARAKAT WAMENA, PAPUA INDONESIA

Abstract: Wamena is one of the areas with the potential to develop a wide variety of food crops and plantations in large and medium quantities because it is supported by its natural conditions. Wamena, especially throughout Jayawijaya Regency and even other Regencies in the Central Highlands of Papua, are known for their organic farming. In order to support and maintain the productivity of organic farming systems, as an academic activist in the agricultural sector, it is necessary to conduct training on making organic fertilizer through the use of banana weevils known as Local Microorganism Fertilizer (MoL). This training was based on observations of farmer groups in the Wesaput district, where all farmers in the farmer groups had never used organic liquid fertilizers or inorganic fertilizers as additional nutrients to increase the growth and production of their agricultural products. Therefore we try to provide understanding and approaches to farmer groups through community service on how to make Local Microorganism Liquid Fertilizer in order to increase the yields of local farmers in the Wesaput District, especially the village of Kama. As a result of this activity, we saw that the farmer group community in Wesaput gave a good response so they asked for similar activities to be carried out again so that the farmer group community was more independent in making and using liquid organic fertilizer using the natural resources around them.

Bioactivator Based On Organic Waste for Maggot Media Fermentation

This study aims to determine the quality of local microorganisms (MOL) based on waste used as a bio activator of maggot fermentation media. The research design used was a 4x3 factorial randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The factor I was various organic wastes (D1 = vegetable waste, D2 = fruit waste, D3 = food processing waste, D4 ​​= mixed waste and Factor II was old fermentation (L1 = 7 days, L2 = 14 days, L4 = 21 days), the variables observed were pH, Colour, aroma, microbial population, and total acid. Acidic and very acidic, obtained a pH in the range of 5.4 - 6.7, obtained a complete microbial range of 11.36 x 105 - 2.18 x 106, and obtained a total acid range of 2.21 - 3.15. Conclusion:

Kualitas Mikroorganisme Lokal Dari Keong Mas Dengan Berbagai Jumlah Bahan Yang berbeda

Golden snail is a snail which is commonly found in rice fields which can cause damage to rice plants. The golden snail is known as a pest of rice plants because it can damage thousands of hectares of rice seedlings at an early age in a short period of time but will be beneficial if it is managed as a microorganism. Local microorganisms are microorganisms used as starters in the manufacture of solid organic fertilizers and liquid fertilizers as well as fast growing decomposers in agricultural systems. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of local microorganisms in producing bioactivators from various amounts of different ingredients in the golden snail. This research was conducted in four locations, namely the Agronomy Laboratory of the Samarinda State Agricultural Polytechnic (manufacturing bioactivators), the Production Laboratory of the Samarinda State Agricultural Polytechnic (composting), and at Sucopindo (nutrient analysis). This research used three treatments including golden snail bioactivator I (A1), golden snail bioactivator II (A2), and golden snail bioactivator III (A3). Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that treatment A3 (Keong Mas III Bioactivator) gave the best results for the parameters of temperature, color, odor and C-organic local microorganism (MOL) for the golden snail, while treatment A1 (Bioactivator Keong Mas I) gave the best results for the parameters Ph.

Application of local microorganism solution and lime to improve soil fertility and maize yield

One of the problems facing in dry land area management is soil fertility. This research was aim to improve soil fertility and maize yields by applying Local Microorganisms (LoM) solution and lime. The research was carried out on dry land area in Mandalawangi Subdistrict, Pandeglang, and Cimarga Subdistrict, Lebak, Banten from June to December 2016. This field experiment was done using Randomized Block Design, where the treatments were three levels of fertilization packages, i.e. (1) 300 kg Urea + 150 kg SP36 + 100 kg KCl; (2) 300 kg Urea + 150 kg SP36 + 100 kg KCl + 1 ton manure + 1 ton lime; (3) 300 kg Urea + 150 kg SP36 + 100 kg KCl + 1 ton manure + Local Microorganism (LoM) solution. The research results show that applicaton of LoM solution and lime significantly improved soil biology. The application of lime and LoM solution increased soil respiration, where level of soil respiration was higher on the application LoM solution than lime. Application of LoM solutions significantly improved soil microbe activities, which in turn affected the maize growth and its yield. Application of LoM solution increased maize yield by 37.92%.

Improving the performance and physical condition of the intestines of the Lohman MB202 broiler chicken intestine by using fermented local herbs

This research was conducted to find alternative antibiotics using local microorganisms which are expected to act as probiotics in the digestive tract. The local microorganisms used came from 3 types of herbs from 3 types of land. Crown flowers represent coastal land, ferns represent plantation land and lemongrass represents highland land. This study used an experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and each treatment had 4 replications (each replication contained 200 chickens). Treatment T1 water, T2 fermented crown flower, T3 fermented fern, and T4 fermented fragrant lemongrass each as much as 2 ml/liter of drinking water. The parameters measured were the performance and gut physical (village height and gut histology) of broiler chickens. Performance is body weight, weight gain, ration consumption, ration efficiency, performance index, and mortality. While the physical condition of the intestine is in the form of villi height and intestinal histology. The results showed that fern as a fermented herb significantly increased the performance index and improved the condition of the intestinal villi. However, the low mortality was significantly indicated by the fermented crown flowers. In conclusion, local fermented ferns have the potential as local microorganisms to replace the role of antibiotics because they can improve the performance and condition of the digestive tract of broiler chickens.

Pengolahan Limbah Kulit Kopi sebagai Pupuk Organik Tanaman Kopi di Desa Tapak Gedung Kabupaten Kepahiang

Community service was conducted in Tapak Gedung Village, Kepahiang Regency to coffee farmers. This activity aims to enrich to coffee farmers and gives training on processing coffee bean waste (coffee bean skins) into liquid organic fertilizer with green chemistry principle. The material of how fertilizer processing was given by a lecturer from Agriculture Faculty continued by practical training on how the liquid organic fertilizer was made from coffee bean waste. This activity was followed by around 30 participants with high enthusiasm on the training. The production of organic fertilizer was done by mixing local microorganism, coffee bean waste and water into an airtight container. The result was brownish liquid with distinct alcohol odor, which indicates decomposition process by microorganism. Evaluation pre-activity using questionnaire showed that most respondents had little to no knowledge of how to utilize coffee bean waste, and post-activity questionnaire result showed that more than 90% respondents agree to utilize liquid organic fertilizer as replacement for synthetic fertilizer and agree to sustainably continuing the program to utilize coffee bean waste as liquid organic fertilizer.

Uji Kinerja Fermentor Kopi Skala UMKM dalam Fermentasi Kopi Arabika untuk Menghasilkan Cultured Coffee

Coffee farmer in Babakan Kertasari Village requires a fermenter that can ferment 100 kg of coffee cherries per day to fulfill the market demand. Therefore, the object of this study is to make a coffee fermenter with SMEs scale and to evaluate the performance of the fermenter with the addition of 130 ml/L of Local Microorganism (MOL) made from fermented cassava (cassava tape). Fermentation was carried out for 72 hours in room temperature and in semi-aerobic condition with 14 kg of coffee cherries in SMEs scale fermenter. Evaluation of the fermenter performance was done by analysing pH and ethanol content and organoleptic test of taste and aroma of fermented coffee. The result of analysis shows that fermented Arabica coffee which called cultured coffee fulfilled the National Indonesian Standard (SNI) with pH greater than 4 and caffeine content of 1.97%. Organoleptic test showed that 56% of panellists really like the aroma and 24% of panellists really like the taste of cultured coffee.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Bioaktivator Lokal Terhadap Kandunag Serat Kasar, Lemak Kasar dan BETN Pelepah Sawit

This study aims to evaluate the effect of using local bioactivators rumen contents consisting of local microorganism extract and crude enzymes on crude fiber, crude fat and The Extract matter without nitrogen content of palm fronds. The research was conducted by an experimental method using factorial design in RAL with 2 X 3 and 3 replications for each treatment. Factor A is a type of local bioactivator consisting of A1 = MOL, A2 = crude enzyme. Factor B is the dose of bioactivator, B1 = 10%, B2 = 20%, B3 = 30%. The results showed that there was no interaction between the dose and type of bioactivator on the content of crude fiber, crude fat and Extract matter without nitrogen of palm fronds.

Percentage of Local Sheep Carcases: Feed by Fermented Cassava Peel

This study aimed to determine the effect of giving various doses of fermented cassava peel by local microorganisms (MOL) on the percentage of carcasses of local male sheep. The research was carried out at Mr. Praditya Raharja's Ranch, Jalan Bunga Rinte, Simpang Selayang, Medan, from December 16, 2019 to March 8, 2020 using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications. This study used 20 male local sheep with an average initial body weight of 12.59 ± 1.22 kg. The treatments were: P0 (without fermented cassava peel in the ration), P1 (25% fermented cassava peel in the ration), P2 (50% fermented cassava peel in the ration), and P3 (75% fermented cassava peel in the diet). ration). The parameters studied were final weight, slaughter weight, empty body weight, and carcass percentage. The results showed that the application of cassava peel fermented by MOL in the ration had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the final weight (P0=26.17 kg/head, P1=23.34 kg/head, P2=24.50 kg/head, P3=23.43 kg/head), slaughter weight (P0=26.10 kg/head, P1=22.67 kg/head, P2=24.23 kg/head, P3=22.38 kg/head), body weight empty (P0=18.81 kg/head, P1=17.20 kg/head, P2=18.37 kg/head, P3=16.64 kg/head), carcass weight (P0=11.31 kg/head , P1=9.55 kg/head P2=10.15 kg/head, P3=9.27 kg/head), and carcass percentage (P0=60.17%, P1=55.16%, P2=55, 17%, P3=55,70%). The conclusion of this study was that giving fermented cassava peel to sheep still had a positive effect, as it did not reduce the body weight of the sheep's carcass and the percentage of carcass produced was more than 50%.

Maggot Production in Various Organic Wastes (Vegetables, Fruits, Food Processing Industries): Potential as Alternative Feed Substitutes for Fish Meal

Maggot is an alternative to fish meal because it has a fairly high protein content, is easy to cultivate and is able to decompose organic waste into its own food. The better the quality of the maggot growing media, the higher the maggot production will be . Vegetable, fruit and food processing industrial waste is an organic waste that is commonly encountered but its nutritional quality is low. To improve the nutritional quality, fermentation was carried out using local microorganisms (MOL). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of various types of vegetable, fruit and food processing industrial waste media and different fermentation times on the production of maggot (Hermetia illucens). This study was conducted experimentally using factorial randomized block design (RAK) method with 2 factors ( 3×3), namely factor 1 for various organic wastes (D1 = vegetable waste, D2 = fruit waste, D3 = food processing industrial waste) and factor 2 for fermentation time (L1 = 2 days, L2 = 4 days, L3 = 6 days), with 3 replicates. The parameters of this study consisted of biomass weight, feed consumption, waste reduction index/WRI, feed conversion efficiency/ECI, and survival rate/SR. The results of variance showed that organic waste and fermentation time had a very significant effect (p<0.01) on the parameters of maggot production. It was concluded that the production of maggot (Hermetia illucens) was best in the D1L1 treatment with a biomass weight of 1522.33 g, feed consumption 66.06%, WRI 2.20%, ECI 0.42%, and SR 89.52%.

Utilization of Kepok Banana Peels Fermentation on Rabbits Pellet Feed

The need for rabbit pellets is increasing along with the increasing maintenance of rabbits in North Sumatra. This study aims to determine the feed consumption (FC), avarage daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR), of male local rabbits given fermented kepok banana peel (KBP) pellets. The fermentation used in this study was using local microorganisms based on KBP. This research was conducted by Dr. Hamza No. 5 North Sumatra Province from October 2020 to December 2020.The research design was used a randomized block design (RBD) with 3 treatments, 3 groups and each group consisted of 3 rabbits so that 27 male local rabbits were obtained. The treatments were P0 = 40% KBP without fermentation in pellets, P1 = 40% fermented KBP in pellets and P2 = 60% fermented KBP in pellets. Determination of groups based on body weight with the following groupings: K1: 418 g - 458 g, K2: 459 g - 499 g, and K3: 500 g - 540 g.The results of P0, P1 and P2 showed that the value of FC (g / head / day) were 83.76; 84.58; and 86.83 respectively. TheADG value (g / head / day) were 11.47; 12.79; and 15.01 respectively. The FCR value were 7.45; 6.78; and 5.93 respectively. The conclusion shows that the utilization of fermented KBP up to a level of 60% in the pellets is more efficient to use to increase Feed Consumption, Average Daily Gain, Income OverFeed Cost and reduce Feed Convertion Ratio of male local rabbits.

Uji Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Varietas Karya Pelalawan Terhadap Lama Perendaman Mikroorganisme Lokal (MOL) Pelepah Kelapa Sawit

The Karya Pelalawan rice variety is one of the rice varieties originating from Pelalawan. Efforts to increase rice production can be done by increasing the viability and vigor of seeds. Efforts to increase seed viability and vigor can be done by immersing Local Microorganism. Oil palm midrib are waste that has benefits and can be used as material for the manufacture of MOL. This study aimed to study the effect of giving MOL and to get the best immersion time using oil palm midrib MOL. This study used a non-factorial completely Randomized Design consisting of 5 treatments with 4 replications. The treatmens were applied as follows: P0 (control), P1 (4 hours immesion ), P2 (8 hours immersion), P3 (12 hours immersion), P4 (16 hours immersion). Parameters observed were: FCT percentage, the rate of germination, germination speed, growth of radicle and plumule of sprouts and seed vigor test. Data analysis using excel software and ANOVA with 5% DMRT follow-up test. Based on the results of the study, it was shown that Local Microorganism application of oil palm midrib to viability and vigor of rice seeds of the Karya Pelalawan variety had an effect on the FCT fercentage, the rate of germination, germination speed, growth of radicle and plumule of sprouts and seed vigor test. The best soaking time for rice seed germination of the Karya Pelalawan variety was treatment P4 (16 hours immersion) for the FCT parameters, germination rate, germination speed or index value and vigor test.

Magnetohydrodynamic of Copper-Aluminium of Oxide Hybrid Nanoparticles Containing Gyrotactic Microorganisms over a Vertical Cylinder with Suction

The boundary layer flow with heat and mass transfer are important since the quality of final product depends on factors such as the rate of cooling and stretching phenomenon. The pivotal aim of this research is to address magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) copper-aluminium oxide hybrid nanoparticles containing gyrotactic microorganisms over a stretching vertical cylinder with suction. The mathematical model has been formulated based on Tiwari-Das nanofluid model. Two types of nanofluid containing Copper (Cu) and Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) immersed in water is considered in this study. In the analysis, the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by a similarity transformation. Corresponding boundary conditions are analysed numerically along with these equations and are programmed in MATLAB software through the bvp4c method to obtain the solutions. The numerical solutions are obtained for the skin friction coefficient, the local Nusselt number, local Sherwood number and local density of motile microorganism as well as velocity, temperature, concentration, and microorganism profiles. The present analysis is validated by comparing with previously published work and found to be in good agreement. The effects of the parameter are analysed and discussed. According to the findings, suction increases shear stress, heat transport rate, mass transfer, and mass diffusivity. Moreover, hybrid nanofluid was discovered to be faster than nanofluid in terms of transit rate. Furthermore, the local density motile microorganism bioconvection Peclet number and bioconvection Lewis number increased.

ELABORATION OF COMPLEX PURIFICATION METHOD OF SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH HEAVY METALS

The wrong strategy for the utilization of the huge amount of organic and inorganic waste generated every day has created significant problems. Pollution of the environment with heavy metals causes particularly serious consequences. There are many methods of cleaning the polluted environment caused by heavy metals. The ideal way is biological remediation, which is an effective method of managing and restoring the polluted environment. Works on biostimulation of local microorganisms necessary for the bioremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals have been carried out. The results of the studies showed that local microorganisms are effective for the bioremediation of heavy metals. The use of a consortium of bacteria and microscopic fungi selected by us, which did not have a mutually antagonistic effect on each other, was especially effective.

The effectiveness of EM4 and Local Micro-organisms (LOM) Activators in Organic Waste Processing in Brikama Market West Coast Region, The Gambia

Compost is the result of decaying process of organic materials due to the interaction between decomposing microorganisms found within. Compost is a type of organic fertilizer that originates from decomposed organic materials. Observations at Brikama Market indicated 20 vegetable vendors with at least 5 pieces of vegetables decaying, market sales decline by approximately 5 kg for every transaction. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of organic waste treatment using EM4 and LOM. This research is purely experimental, uses Posttest Group design and Independent Sample T-Test. This research was conducted in groups, with different forms of waste-treatments which included the use of EM4 and local microorganism activators and observed as it decays. The results obtained differences in the average processing of organic waste using EM4 and LOM activators. The average temperature of EM4 activator 29.89°C while LOM 29.97°C. The average humidity 48.67 for EM4 activator while LOM 49.64 and the average pH of EM4 activator 5.96 while LOM 5.43. The research revealed significant changes in EM4 and LOM activators seen from the measurement of temperature, humidity and pH. It is recommended to the community to participate in managing waste, especially organic waste by making compost using EM4 and LOM activators.

Addition of Local Microorganisms (MOL) Organic Waste as Compost Bioactivator

Waste is a crucial problem because it causes serious impacts in terms of social, economic, cultural, and environmental aspects. With the dominance of organic waste in the composition of waste in Indonesia, there is a potential to recycle organic waste into useful products, namely compost. Composting occurs naturally so it takes a long time and is slow, therefore bio activators such as local microorganisms (MOL) are needed that can accelerate the decomposition of organic waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the use of MOL on the quality of the compost. This research method is experimental with two treatments, the first treatment with the addition of MOL and the second treatment without MOL. The results showed that the quality of compost with the addition of MOL were temperature 30°C, pH 7.4, moisture content 47.01%, C/N ratio 9.55%, phosphate 0.208%, potassium 0.027%. Meanwhile, the quality of compost without the addition of MOL were temperature 31°C, pH 7, water content 63.49%, C/N ratio 10.54%, phosphate 0.080%, potassium 0.015%. Compost with the addition of MOL was better because it met the criteria set by SNI No. 19-7030-2004 compared to compost without MOL.

Activity of cellulase and ligninase enzymes in a local bioactivator from cattle and buffalo rumen contents

Lignin is the main component of agricultural and plantation wastes, such as bagasse, straw and oil palm fronds. Lignocellulosic bonds in lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose can be broken down by enzymes. Numerous studies have utilised plantation waste as feed ingredients. Lignin is the limiting factor that affects the digestibility of this material. Therefore, the lignin content of plantation waste must be reduced before it is used as a feed ingredient. The use of local bioenzymes will be effective in breaking lignocellulose bonds. Thus, finding sources of enzymes that are easy to obtain, inexpensive to produce and effective as lignocellulose-degrading enzymes is necessary. This study aims to determine the activity of cellulase and ligninase enzymes in a bioactivator from rumen contents incubated for 7 days with different enzyme energy sources. The treatments included cattle and buffalo rumen contents added with molasses, palm frond, palm leaf extract and each enzyme. The parameters observed were the enzyme activities of cellulase, laccase, lignin and manganese peroxidase (MnP). Microbial identification was also performed. The results of statistical analysis showed insignificant differences (P > 0.05) amongst the parameters of the enzyme activities of cellulase (2.22–3.51 U/ml), laccase (10.62–20.11 U/ml), lignin peroxidase (1.74–4.93 U/ml) and MnP (2.40–7.06 U/ml). Lactobacillus sp. was identified through bacterial identification. Therefore, the live microbes discovered in the local microorganism solution originated from the study environment and not from the rumen contents.

Empowerment of Farmer Groups in Rambahan Village in Processing Palm Oil Mill Waste into Organic Fertilizers for Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri) Plantation

Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri), also known as Iles-Iles or Suweg. In its cultivation, porang has a shade tolerance of 60 percent. But without using shade, it can still be cultivated. Farmers in Jambi usually planted porang among old rubber plants without fertilizing. This causes porang tuber production to be at a minimum below its potential. Porang is only produced without treatment, reducing the size of the tubers, and the konjac glucomannan content in tubers is low. Porang tubers are usually made into chips, and chips will crumble easily if the konjac glucomannan is low. Based on this, counseling and mentoring activities will focus on making fertilizer from the waste from palm oil mills. Palm oil mill waste that is most easily transported and easily decomposed is the cake decanter (DC). In the village of Rambahan, it is known as a solid decanter. The village community had heard but did not know that this waste with specific treatments could be used as organic fertilizer. That this waste, with particular treatments, can be used as organic fertilizer. The treatment is by fermentation with local microorganisms (LOM) from cow urine mixed with MOL from snails (RINMAS). Keongmas are pests and are widely found in farmers' fields. Beef and conch urine are used as LOM. After they are made, the two LOMs are mixed with a ratio of 1: 1 and used as a decomposer to ferment the decanter cake plus for two months. After two months, it can be used as organic fertilizer for porang plants. LOM cow urine and LOM snail (RINMAS) are also used as foliar fertilizers. The technology application activities will be carried out in Rambahan Village at the Mekar Kembali KT and KWT Pokja Alamanda. The target for KT Mekar Kembali and KWT Pokja Alamanda is to increase the area of porang plants, which previously were only intercrops, now every KT, there is an increase in the area of porang plants every KT of 0.5 hectares. Once, farmers and KWT did not know how to make solid and liquid fertilizers. After counseling and DEMPLOT, they could make their fertilizers. Every two months, the farmers produce 100 kg of solid fertilizer decanter cake, urine MOL, and Keongmas MOL as 100 liters of liquid fertilizer per month.

PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI PUPUK KOMPOS DARI LIMBAH SAMPAH ORGANIK DI DESA KERTAWANGI MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI KONSORSIUM MIKRO ORGANISME LOKAL (MOL) BIO COMPOUND

Communities in Desa Kertawangi have a problem managing organic waste from plantation products. However, this case has become the subject of discussion among researchers, communities, and related stakeholders about how to speed up the process of producing compost from organic waste. The technology solution is to utilize the local micro-organism consortium (MOL) to accelerate the decomposition process of organic waste. After the demonstration, the community was enthusiastic about using it. The village's organic waste management unit has utilized this for composting the organic waste.