Local Medical Colleges Research Articles

Changes in dietary habits of medical and dental students and its impact on their quality of life and body mass index

<p>Background and Objective: Dietary habits are one of the most important factors that play a significant role in maintaining optimal health and body mass index (BMI). The objective of this study was to investigate and determine how changes in dietary pattern of medical and dental students can impact their BMI and quality of life.</p> <p>Method: This cross-sectional study included 190 medical and dental students from a local private medical and dental college in Lahore, Pakistan. All participants filled out a validated online questionnaire having 30 questions divided into four sections. The responses were scaled in three tiers and the data was collected and analysed using statistical software.</p> <p>Results: A total of 32.6% of students rated their quality of life as good with respect to dietary habits while 81.6% rated physical environment as moderately healthy with very many difficulties in concentrating (19.5%) and poor physical energy levels (31.1%). A notable percentage (12.6) reported not to have enough financial stability to meet their dietary needs. Satisfaction levels regarding their own health status varied with mixed responses. Negative feelings were frequent (70.5%), and a majority noted changes in eating habits and observed an increase in weight relating to BMI.</p> <p>Conclusion: Most of the medical and dental students after enrolling into their respective colleges face adverse changes in dietary habits. Taking educational stress and managing one’s daily activities show a limited balance with resultantly lower quality of life and a higher BMI.</p>

Linking Attitudes, Satisfaction and Needs to Teachers’ Professional Development in Medical Universities

Using 694 teachers from local medical universities in China as the research sample, the study hypothesis was based on the two-factor theory, which explored the relevance of teachers' attitudes, satisfaction, needs, and the promotion of their professional development. The hypothesis was formulated and tested. It was found that teachers' attitudes, needs, and satisfaction were all negatively related to teachers' professional development. Finally, recommendations are made from three perspectives: attitudes, satisfaction, and needs.

Advancing Precision Medicine in South Tyrol, Italy: A Public Health Development Proposal for a Bilingual, Autonomous Province.

This paper presents a comprehensive development plan for advancing precision medicine in the autonomous province of South Tyrol, Italy, a region characterized by its bilingual population and unique healthcare challenges. This study highlights the need to address the shortage of healthcare professionals proficient in language for person-centered medicine, the lag in healthcare sector digitalization, and the absence of a local medical university, all within the context of an initiated pharmacogenomics program and a population-based precision medicine study known as the "Cooperative Health Research in South Tyrol" (CHRIS) study. The key strategies for addressing these challenges and integrating CHRIS study findings into a broader precision medicine development plan are discussed, including workforce development and training, investment in digital infrastructure, enhanced data management and analytic capabilities, collaboration with external academic and research institutions, education and capacity building, securing funding and resources, and promoting a patient-centered approach. This study emphasizes the potential benefits of implementing such a comprehensive development plan, including improved early detection, personal ized treatment, and prevention of chronic diseases, ultimately leading to better healthcare outcomes and overall well-being in the South Tyrolean population.

Construction and Practice of Teaching Staff and Teaching Quality Monitoring System in University Affiliated Hospitals Under the Background of Education Informatization

Objective: To build a set of teaching staff construction and teaching quality monitoring system suitable for clinical practice teaching in affiliated hospitals of medical colleges, achieve continuous improvement of clinical education and teaching level, and ensure the quality of medical education talent cultivation. Methods: A modern clinical practice teaching quality monitoring system is constructed based on organizational structure construction, teaching staff system construction, quality control system construction, and information platform construction, combined with external audit and evaluation. Results: The hospital has established a Faculty Development and Teaching Evaluation Office specifically responsible for the cultivation of clinical teachers and the evaluation and supervision of teaching quality. A relatively complete teacher construction and teaching quality monitoring system has also been established for clinical practice teaching, thus achieving integration with the school’s quality control system in terms of management mechanism. At the same time, a set of teaching quality control mode based on the “Internet +” platform has been created by means of informatization. At present, this mode has won three national computer software copyrights and two second prizes for school-level teaching achievements. Conclusion: Through five years of practice, an “Internet +” teaching quality evaluation and monitoring system with the characteristics of teaching hospitals affiliated to local medical colleges has been established. In order to further standardize the training system of clinical teachers in affiliated hospitals, achieve self-monitoring and self-improvement in terms of teaching quality, and ensure the continuous improvement of clinical teaching quality, we will continue to promote the development of clinical teachers with quality and excellence, enrich the main team of quality monitoring, guide the transformation of the education mode from being “centered on teachers” to being “centered on students,” and realize the integration of internal and external quality monitoring systems.

Childhood maltreatment and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese college students: The moderating roles of social phobia and perceived family economic status

BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury is a heavy burden on affected college students with rippling effects throughout their lives. Childhood maltreatment is strongly associated with non-suicidal self-injury among college students. However, it remains unclear whether perceived family economic status and social phobia exert significant moderating effects on the relationship between childhood maltreatment and non-suicidal self-injury. ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify the perceived family economic status and social phobia moderating the association between childhood maltreatment and non-suicidal self-injury. Participants and settingThis study used data (N = 5297) from two local medical colleges in Anhui province, China. MethodsRespondents completed questionnaires on childhood maltreatment, non-suicidal self-injury, social phobia and perceived family economic status online. Data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation followed by multiple moderation models. ResultsThe association between childhood maltreatment and non-suicidal self-injury was moderated by social phobia (β = 0.03, p < 0.05) and perceived family economic status (β = −0.30, p < 0.05). When considered together, both factors were found to play synergistic roles in the association between childhood maltreatment and non-suicidal self-injury in college students (β = 0.08, p < 0.001). ConclusionOur findings highlight that experience of childhood maltreatment, elevated social phobia, and low perceived family economic status increase the risk of non-suicidal self-injury. Future researches are recommended to conduct interventions from a more holistic perspective and integrate perceived family economic status as a relevant factor along with social phobia in coping with non-suicidal self-injury in college students.

Prevalence and risk factors of atopic dermatitis in Chinese adults: a nationwide population-based cross-sectional study.

Prevalence and risk factors of atopic dermatitis in Chinese adults: a nationwide population-based cross-sectional study.

Research and Practice on Connotation Construction and Implementation of Roadmap of “New Medicine” in Local Medical Colleges by Big Data Analysis

Taking students from a local medical college in Shandong Province as the research object, we conducted a questionnaire survey on their satisfaction with the college education, innovation needs, innovative practices, and ‘new medicine’ understanding. The results show that the majority of students are satisfied with the overall education of their colleges but the student's theoretical knowledge and experimental skills are insufficient. Most students do not fully understand what "new medicine" means. According to the big data analysis, the key issues facing the training of new medical talents are analyzed from four aspects combined with the exploration and practice of the construction of "new medicine" in local medical colleges: updating the concept of medical education, optimizing the structure of medical professions, improving the talent training system, and improving the management and guarantee mechanism, and cultivating high-quality applied medical talents for technological revolution represented by artificial intelligence.

Exploration of the Four-in-One Construction of Production, Education, and Integration and Talent Cultivation in Local Medical Colleges

Exploration of the Four-in-One Construction of Production, Education, and Integration and Talent Cultivation in Local Medical Colleges

Sources of Stress among Medical Students

Aim: To find out the frequency and relative frequency of stress on medical students of a local medical college, Lahore. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of study: Local Medical College with duration one month (Feb 2019) Methods: The study was surveyed on 150 medical students of M.B.B.S part 1 &amp; 11. Questionnaire was divided into three sections including environmental stress, family affairs stress and stress of studies. Results: In the context of environmental stress features in medical students the highest odds of stress in students was problem in time management for study, followed by feeling of bullying and their current feelings of stress, feeling of uncomfortable at the time of dissection and conflict with other student. In the context of stress the highest odds of stress was due to family affairs in medical students was responsibility in regard to family problem, family issues, history of family depression and recently loss of family member. The last context was study related stress include the highest odds of stress in students who not fulfill self-expectations and fail to perform task followed by poor in the studies due disturbances by the class fellows, ineffective copying skills and non-serious attitude toward studies followed by emotional stress and sleeping. Conclusion: It is concluded that good academic environment, as well as problem focused and emotion focused strategies may help to alleviate stress. Keywords: Medical students, Relative frequency of stress.

Transactional Sex Relationships and HIV Risk among Female University Students in Gauteng Province, South Africa

This study explored the psychosocial dynamics of transactional sex relationships and HIV vulnerability among female university students. Using non-probability sampling methods, ten female university students aged 18 to 25 years, who were involved in transactional sex relationships, were recruited from a local medical university. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio recorded, and transcribed data was analysed using thematic analysis. The findings suggest that complex psychosocial and economic factors drive transactional sex relationships among university female students. Importantly, the female students’ inability to negotiate safe sex practices increases their risk of sexually transmitted illnesses, especially HIV, but this is overshadowed by their desire to have their ‘wants and needs’ satisfied. This study emphasises the importance of recognising that transactional sex relationships are frequent among university students, with serious psychosocial and health consequences. HIV prevention programmes at higher education institutions should directly address the underlying drivers of transactional sex relationships amongst university students.

Sources of Stress among Medical Students

Aim: To find out the frequency and relative frequency of stress on medical students of a local medical college, Lahore. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of study: Local Medical College with duration one month (Feb 2019) Methods: The study was surveyed on 150 medical students of M.B.B.S part 1 &amp; 11. Questionnaire was divided into three sections including environmental stress, family affairs stress and stress of studies. Results: In the context of environmental stress features in medical students the highest odds of stress in students was problem in time management for study, followed by feeling of bullying and their current feelings of stress, feeling of uncomfortable at the time of dissection and conflict with other student. In the context of stress the highest odds of stress was due to family affairs in medical students was responsibility in regard to family problem, family issues, history of family depression and recently loss of family member. The last context was study related stress include the highest odds of stress in students who not fulfill self-expectations and fail to perform task followed by poor in the studies due disturbances by the class fellows, ineffective copying skills and non-serious attitude toward studies followed by emotional stress and sleeping. Conclusion: It is concluded that good academic environment, as well as problem focused and emotion focused strategies may help to alleviate stress. Keywords: Medical students, Relative frequency of stress.

Knowledge survey regarding blast wound education of student doctors at a local academic medical university in Japan.

To improve knowledge about blast injury for medical student doctors or surgeons. In the modern uncertain era, education and training programs for blast injuries for medical student doctors or surgeons are recently necessary worldwide. To understand primary corresponding ability to treat blast injuries, leading to improvement of the trauma education curriculum, a retrospective study by a knowledge survey was performed between 2018 and 2019. The subject had the title of Student Doctor (SD) at university. The answers of 183 participants who answered the interview questionnaire with 16 questions were summarized. Although most SDs received basic lectures for trauma medicine and majority of SDs knew about mass casualty incidents and primary treatment, the existence of knowledge on soft targets is limited. One-fourth of the SDs knew the characteristics of blast wounds. Most SDs understood priority triage for a conscious person with massive bleeding from a limb with hemostasis to save lives. The 17% selected cardiopulmonary resuscitation first and 72% of SDs could explain hemorrhagic shock; however, only four could explain adequate hemostatic procedures. Most had no interest regarding necessity of their knowledge in the field of serious blast trauma wounds. Experience in trauma surgery training from stages in SDs and authorized education are important for raising students' knowledge of unexpected serious blast incidents.

Sources of Stress among Medical Students

Aim: To find out the frequency and relative frequency of stress on medical students of a local medical college, Lahore. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of study: Local Medical College with duration one month (Feb 2019) Methods: The study was surveyed on 150 medical students of M.B.B.S part 1 &amp; 11. Questionnaire was divided into three sections including environmental stress, family affairs stress and stress of studies. Results: In the context of environmental stress features in medical students the highest odds of stress in students was problem in time management for study, followed by feeling of bullying and their current feelings of stress, feeling of uncomfortable at the time of dissection and conflict with other student. In the context of stress the highest odds of stress was due to family affairs in medical students was responsibility in regard to family problem, family issues, history of family depression and recently loss of family member. The last context was study related stress include the highest odds of stress in students who not fulfill self-expectations and fail to perform task followed by poor in the studies due disturbances by the class fellows, ineffective copying skills and non-serious attitude toward studies followed by emotional stress and sleeping. Conclusion: It is concluded that good academic environment, as well as problem focused and emotion focused strategies may help to alleviate stress. Keywords: Medical students, Relative frequency of stress.

Prevalence of Sleep Paralysis in the Medical Students of a Local Medical College

Prevalence of Sleep Paralysis in the Medical Students of a Local Medical College

Enhancement of Medical Students' Performance and Motivation in Pathophysiology Courses: Shifting From Traditional Instruction to Blended Learning.

Blended learning is a learning approach that combines face-to-face classroom lectures and e-learning. It has grown rapidly to be commonly used in medical institutions, especially in the local medical universities where there is lack of qualified teachers and instructional materials. Massive open online courses (MOOCs) are the latest revolution in e-learning and provides learners with access to quality educational resources. Nevertheless, there is seldom reports concerning how to effectively integrate MOOCs into blended learning in local universities, as well as the evaluation of knowledge outcomes. In order to achieve this aim, a blended learning approach was carried out in teaching pathophysiology in Guilin Medical University. This blended learning model was based on combination of Chinese University MOOC with case based learning (CBL), as an alternative to conventional learning. The medical students in the 2017 and 2018 classes received the blended learning method, while the medical students in the 2015 class received the traditional classroom instruction. The results showed that students in the 2017 and 2018 performed significantly better than students in the 2015 class at mid-term exam and the final exam. Perception surveys also revealed that both students and teachers had positive attitude toward blended learning, and they shared similar viewpoints of blended learning. A large proportion of students and teachers believed that the blended learning enhanced students' motivation to learn independently, improved their time management skills, and allowed them to experience personalized learning. Also, most students and teachers recognized that Chinese University MOOC provided substantial educational resources suitable for their need. In addition, teachers indicated that the blended learning improved student learning quality, facilitated interaction between teachers and students, and helped them to establish a student-centered model in teaching pathophysiology. Overall, the blended learning method that combines Chinese University MOOC with CBL is effective in enhancing students' achievement and motivation in pathophysiology than the traditional learning method, and helps to strengthen the cultivation of talent in local medical universities.

Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among Medical University Lecturers in Malaysia during COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction: The recent COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting lockdowns and various restrictions has had a great impact on university lecturers in Malaysia. Objectives: The study sought to evaluate this impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns on the sociopsychological well-being of medical university lecturers. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a local private medical university. Convenient sampling was used to recruit faculty members. Microsoft Form containing sociodemographic factors, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) was sent to the participants through university e-mail, Microsoft Teams, or WhatsApp. Subsequently, a randomized controlled trial method was used to select the participants. Pearson Chi-square was used to study the association between the three instruments (DASS-21, SWLS, and BRS) and participants’ sociodemographic factors. The outcome was considered significant given the P values were &lt;0.05. Result: A total of 70 faculty members had participated in this study. Of these, 32.9% had mild-to-very severe depression, 42.9% had mild-to-very severe stress, 42.8% had mild-to-very severe anxiety, 45.7% were satisfied with their life, and 81.4% had normal resilience. There was a statistically significant association between gender, age, and relationship status with BRS (P = 0.037, P = 0.032, and P = 0.002, respectively), whereas age was statistically significant with SWLS (P = 0.03). Conclusion: This study recommends the university administration in developing successful measures for assisting faculty members in managing depression, stress, and anxiety as well as increasing their mental resilience.

Body Mass Index and its Relation with Socio-Demographic Factors among Healthcare Workers

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Obesity leads to multiple complications that in turn increase mortality worldwide. There is a rapid rise in obesity in the last decade, especially among physicians. The objective of this study was to find out the frequency and relationship of obesity with socio-economic factors among faculty of a local medical college in Lahore, Pakistan.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 162 medical and paramedical staff of Fatima Memorial College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore for a duration of 7 months from February 2019 to August 2019. Data were collected by filling the questionnaires and standard tools were used for height and weight measurement. Overweight/obesity was defined as a body mass index of &amp;ge;25 kg/m2.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, out of 86 males and 76 females, the majority of the respondents were between the ages of 21 and 35 years. Seventy three (45.1%) and thirty (18.5%) respondents were overweight and obese, respectively. Out of a total 162 subjects, 38 (24%) were hypertensive and 18 (11%) were suffering from diabetes. There was a statistically significant association of obesity with age (p &amp;lt; 0.05), marital status (p &amp;lt; 0.001), family history of obesity (p &amp;lt; 0.001), and smoking (p &amp;lt; 0.05).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Risk factors like age, marital status, family history of obesity, and smoking have a strong correlation with obesity in faculty members of a medical school.&lt;/p&gt;

Toward an International Graduate Curriculum: Practice at a Local Medical University

Toward an International Graduate Curriculum: Practice at a Local Medical University

Exploration on the Learning Community of Linguistics Teachers in Local General Medical Colleges from the Perspective of Lifelong Education

世界科学出版社（World Science Publishing-WSP）立足国际，积极配合中国“走出去”出版战略，大力推进版权输出与引进，并不断拓展国际间的交流与合作，取得显著成绩。WSP国际图书出版项目力倡中国科研人员出版英文图书，出版社具有丰富的国际传播资源与雄厚的编辑、翻译、出版力量，拥有一批著名的中外翻译专家、出版专家，及一支精通国际出版的编辑、翻译和国际营销队伍。探索“科学进步”与“社会进步”是人类永恒主题，WSP推崇以科学信仰引领学术方向，遵循各国法律和地方法规，能够协助您优质、快捷、低

Effectiveness and Feasibility of Using Local Medical Universities for Capacity Building to Improve the Immunization Program in Ethiopia: Quasi-Experimental Study.

IntroductionSupportive supervision is one of the five essential components of the WHO’s Reaching Every District (RED) strategy. However, it is generally not practiced based on the standard schedule because of capacity and low number of staff in the health system. Thus, this study aimed to test the feasibility and effectiveness of a capacity building and mentorship program in immunization by health science colleges to supplement the existing approach.MethodsThis study applied a pre-post quasi-experimental research design. The study included health workers of 30 health facilities (15 intervention and 15 control) followed for six months. A total of 90 health workers were included. To assess the effectiveness of the intervention package on immunization coverage and a change in RED strategy implementation over time, difference in difference (DID) analysis was used. Finally, a RE-AIM framework was used to evaluate the implementation process.ResultsThe study indicated that the intervention package has a significant effect (P = 0.0001) on the overall implementation of RED outcomes. The DID analysis also indicated that health facilities in the intervention district have shown a higher Penta III coverage (17.4%) and complete vaccination coverage (16.6%) that are attributable to the intervention package. Similarly, knowledge and skills of health workers improved significantly (P < 0.05) after the intervention. The key informants also mentioned that the new approach was effective and acceptable.ConclusionThe newly introduced capacity building and mentorship program by well-trained personnel of medical universities had positive effects on the immunization program. Thus, it is recommended to facilitate policy adoption and readiness for routine use at large scale.