Local Land Research Articles

A comparative study of the land–atmosphere energy and water exchanges over the Tibetan Plateau and the Yangtze River Region

A comprehensive understanding of energy and water cycle characteristics in different regions is crucial for studying local land–atmosphere interactions and predicting regional weather and climate change. To explore similarities and differences in land–atmosphere energy and water exchanges between two regions—the Tibetan Plateau (TP), characterized by higher elevation and a drier climate, and the Yangtze River Region (YRR), with lower elevation and a wetter climate—this study analyzed and compared the radiation components and the turbulent heat fluxes at eight sites covering various land-cover types, including alpine desert and alpine grassland on the TP, as well as urban and grassland on the YRR. The following results were obtained: (1) Over the TP, the annual mean incoming and outgoing shortwave radiation are 251.3 and 59.6 W m−2, which are 1.70 and 2.87 times the values in the YRR, respectively. The incoming and outgoing longwave radiation are 231.5 and 338.0 W m−2, which are 0.64 and 0.83 times those in the YRR, respectively. However, the difference in net radiation is relatively small. (2) In grassland over both the TP and YRR, the latent heat fluxes have higher values of 35.0 and 38.8 W m−2, respectively, leading to a higher heating efficiency. Alpine desert has the highest sensible heat flux (SH) value of 42.1 W m−2, due to sparse vegetation and lower soil moisture, followed closely by urban land cover with an average SH value of 38.2 W m−2. These results highlight the different characteristics of land–atmosphere interaction across different land covers in different climatic contexts, laying the groundwork for future investigations of additional land–atmosphere coupling processes.摘要正确认识不同区域能量和水分循环特征是研究局地地气相互作用及准确预测区域天气, 气候变化的关键. 为了研究属于干旱/半干旱气候的青藏高原 (TP) 和湿润/半湿润气候的长江流域 (YRR) 之间地表能量和水分交换的异同, 本文对比分析了两个区域8个不同地表类型 (包括高山荒漠, 高山草地, (平原) 城市和 (平原) 草地等) 观测站点的地表辐射和能量通量数据. 结果显示: (1) TP由于高原大气层稀薄且空气洁净, 年平均入射短波辐射为251.3 W m−2, 是YRR的1.7倍. 加之高原地表反照率高导致反射辐射 (59.6 W m−2) 是YRR的2.87倍. 入射及出射的长波辐射为231.5和338.0 W m−2, 分别为YRR的0.64和0.83. 而两个区域的净辐射差异不大; (2) 草地站更多的潜热释放使得地表总加热效率高于城市和高山荒漠, TP和YRR的草地站的年平均潜热分别为35.0 和 38.8 W m−2, 而植被稀疏且土壤干燥的高山荒漠地区感热最大, 年平均感热为42.1 W m−2; 其次是城市下垫面, 其年平均感热为37.7 W m−2. 研究结果揭示了不同气候背景下典型下垫面地气相互作用特征, 为地气相互作用过程深入分析奠定了基础.

Upaya Kepemimpinan PT Surya Bangun Pertiwi (SBP) Dalam Mengatasi Permasalahan Tanah

Company PT. Surya Bangun Pertiwi (SBP) experienced problems or conflicts with the Busung village community regarding land, namely land distribution that had not been realized, as well as allegations of fraud regarding land ownership in 2023. PT. Surya Bangun Pertiwi (SBP) made several efforts to overcome this problem, such as handing over replacement land, handing over land certificates, and handing over land location maps. Apart from that, the people of Busung village are also making efforts to improve their welfare through developing collaborative management in managing the Telaga Biru Desert. In resolving land issues with the Busung village community, PT.SBP and the Busung village community must pay attention to factors such as transparency and justice, community participation, legal certainty, cooperation and collaboration, as well as natural resource management so that the efforts made can be successful and have an impact. positive for both parties.

Analysis and Strategy of Good Agriculture Practices (GAP) Cultivation of Rawit Capsicum (Capsicum frutescens L.) in Tidore Eastern

Farmers in Tidore City of the Islands grow a lot of capsicum frutescens as a horticultural product. Initiatives to increase production and close the production gap between the regions must go hand in hand with the government's efforts to make Tidore Island City a ravit pepper supplier in Northern Maluku. The cultivation technique is one of the reasons for the variance in raw pepper production. The study's goal is to investigate the level of application of Good Agriculture Practices (GAP) in pepper growing in the Eastern Tidore district and the techniques that can be used to affect GAP implementation. The study was conducted in Tidore City Eastern District, Northern Maluku Province. Purposive sampling is a sample-taking approach in which respondents were chosen at random from among 100 farmers, with the criterion of farmers who had been attempting to rawit pepper for more than 5 years. Land location (X1), soil preparation and planting media (X2), seed quality (X3), planting and maintenance (X4), fertilizer (X5), plant protection (X6), pesticides (X7), harvest (X8), post-harvesting (X9), and waste and rubbish handling (X10) are the ten assessment parameters. Descriptive analysis, Likert scale, and SWOT analysis were used to analyze the data. According to the study findings, farmers' grasp of GAP is rather excellent, and the rate of GAP implementation has an average score of 2.70 in the reasonably good category. The S-O strategy, which, with soil fertility, has both the potential to expand the development of horticultural crops as well as the knowledge and skills of farmers sufficiently skilled in chili cultivation techniques, can increase the production of chili rawit in the Eastern Tidore district.

Trajectory simulation of 3D-printed container models based on CFD

Subsea pipelines are a cost-effective and reliable way to transport hydrocarbons in offshore oil and gas development. However, dropped objects can pose a hazard and cause damage to the pipes. Among them, the container is a relatively common structure in maritime transportation, and its falling process is likely to cause potential danger. In this paper, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to calculate the relevant hydrodynamic coefficients of the different container models at different drop angles. This study validates the CFD-derived results by comparing drop test results with CFD simulation results, including the total flow time, landing location, and number of spatial flips, etc. In addition, the consistency between the simulated added mass coefficient (Ca) & drag coefficient (Cd) and the reference values of DNV-RP-F107 (2010) also demonstrates the reliability and precision of the CFD technique. The results show that the agreement between CFD-simulated Ca and the values provided by DNV-RP-F107 (2010) as well as the theoretical values outlined by Clauss et al. (1992) validates the precision of CFD simulation.

Justice, Mining, and Legal Reforms in the Finnish Arctic

This paper assesses the extent to which the justice concerns of local stakeholders in the Arctic region of Finland are reflected in recent legal reforms. The reforms concern the Mining Act, the Act on a Mined Minerals Tax, the Nature Conservation Act, the Environmental Damages Fund, and the Act on the Sámi Parliament. The assessment is made from the perspectives of distributive, procedural, recognition, and intergenerational justice. We identified the justice concerns by conducting 21 interviews and a workshop, after which we analysed the legal reforms and discussed whether they reflected the justice concerns expressed by local stakeholders. We concluded that most of the justice concerns had been addressed, but only to a certain extent. Still, the most fundamental features of the governance of mining activities have not changed. By its very nature, the Finnish system of mineral ownership has remained a claim system, albeit not an entirely pure one. The reforms were not designed to limit the total volume of mining activities, and the mineral industry, backed by the EU and national policies, is likely to grow in the region. The most important legal change concerns the position of the municipal council. Today, a local land use plan is a precondition for granting a mining permit. The national Parliament did not approve a government proposal to reform the Sámi Parliament Act, which was a significant failure in recognition justice.

Socioecological and Dietary Change from 2001 to 2015 in Rural West Java, Indonesia

We assessed changes in the sociodemographic structure, land use, diet, and nutritional status of the population of a rural village in West Java, Indonesia between 2000–2001 and 2015–2017, a period of rapid socioeconomic change in the country. Over this period, the village’s population increased by 50%, largely comprised of individuals engaged in non-agricultural employment in the village or in nearby cities, and the village maintained its farming characteristics without major changes in the local land use or ecosystem. In 2000, the diet, nutritional intake, and health status of the villagers were generally uniform. Indicators based on BMI, for example, classified 98% of target children and 70% of target mothers as ‘normal’, regardless of household economic status. However, by 2015, more people worked outside the village and dependence on a market economy had increased. Dependence on food from outside the village, such as processed foods that are cheap and easy to obtain and store, had also increased. Foods such as cassava, taro, and sweet potatoes, which were grown and consumed in 2000, were not consumed in 2015. The quantities of beans, nuts, and vegetables consumed had also decreased. Additionally, the use and sharing of natural resources and the accompanying knowledge transfer had been gradually lost. As a result, variation in diet, nutritional intake, and health conditions within the village significantly increased over time, and overnutrition and undernutrition coexisted by 2015.

Management of soil and water in local land or affected by salts

Management of soil and water in local land or affected by salts

Water infiltration rate of illegal mining sites in Bukit Soeharto Forest Park, East Kalimantan Province

Infiltration is a component of the hydrological cycle which functions as a source of groundwater, minimizing flooding and distributing water evenly throughout the rainy and dry seasons. This study aims to determine the rate of water infiltration or infiltration and permeability values in 2 (two) land conditions for ex-illegal mining sites, namely at KM 68 and KM 48, and the location of undisturbed land in KM 54 secondary forest area of the Bukit Soeharto Forest Park (BSFP). The research method used a double ring infiltrometer, then tested at the Kalimantan Bioresources Laboratory. Infiltration rate shows that secondary forest area of the KM 54 location was 275.2 mm/hour which was included in the very fast class, while in the former mining sites KM 68 and KM 48 respectively it was 244.6 mm/hour, and 145.7 mm/hour which is included in the fast class. Laboratory analysis shows that the soil permeability value in the secondary forest area of KM 54 location was 6.41 cm/hour which was included in the rather fast class, while the permeability value in the ex-mining land area of KM 68 and KM 48 respectively was 6. 26 cm/hour and 3.66 cm/hour which are included in the medium class. This is due to the physical soil properties such as soil texture, soil structure, bulk density, and soil porosity which are the factors that cause differences in infiltration rates in several land conditions.

Mixed land use measurement and mapping with street view images and spatial context-aware prompts via zero-shot multimodal learning

Traditional overhead imagery techniques for urban land use detection and mapping often lack the precision needed for accurate, fine-grained analysis, particularly in complex environments with multi-functional, multi-story buildings. To bridge the gap, this study introduces a novel approach, utilizing ground-level street view images geo-located at the point level, to provide more concrete, subtle, and informative visual characteristics for urban mixed land use analysis, addressing the two major limitations of overhead imagery: coarse resolution and insufficient visual information. Given that spatial context-aware land-use descriptions are commonly employed to describe urban environments, this study treats mixed land use detection as a Natural Language for Visual Reasoning (NLVR) task, i.e., classifying land use(s) in images based on the similarity of their visual characteristics and local descriptive land use contexts, by integrating street view images (vision) with spatial context-aware land use descriptions (language) through vision-language multimodal learning. The results indicate that our multimodal approach significantly outperforms traditional vision-based methods and can accurately capture the multiple functionalities of the ground features. It benefits from the incorporation of spatial context-aware prompts, whereas the geographic scale of geo-locations matters. Additionally, our approach marks a significant advancement in mixed land use mapping, achieving point-level precision. It allows for the representation of diverse land use types at point locations, offering the flexibility of mapping at various spatial resolutions, including census tracts and zoning districts. This approach is particularly effective in areas with diverse urban functionalities, facilitating a more fine-grained and detailed perspective on mixed land uses in urban settings.

IDENTIFIKASI DIMENSI BIOLOGI GURITA DI PANTAI KETAPANG LOMBOK TIMUR UNTUK PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN BERKELANJUTAN

Octopus is a mollusk which has high economic value. Ketapang Beach in East Lombok Regency is one of the octopus landing locations, so it is necessary to know the current conditions of the biological dimensions of octopuses, such as growth patterns, body shape, age group, catchability and spawning for sustainable octopus management. The purpose of this study was to find out the current condition of the octopus fishery sector, especially the biological dimension. The research uses a descriptive survey method, data and information comes from a population sample to describe objects according to actual conditions, then processed using regression. The research results stated that the growth pattern of octopuses landed on Ketapang Beach was negative allometric, where the b value was 5.161 (b>3), where the weight growth was greater than the increase in body length. The age group values at the location are dominated by octopuses of the adult age group with the highest coat length value > 12 cm with 38 individuals, and supported by 45 mature octopuses of which 38 individuals (76%) have PM > 12 cm, and 7 individuals (14 %) have PM 9 – 11 cm

Mass Certification Policy for Community Land Objects

The Public Service Policy for Land Certification can be said to be a new breakthrough in the field of public services, because the method used to provide services is by visiting the community. The community will be served at a place agreed upon by the local land office and sub-district office. In general regarding land registration, the government has issued Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration. This government regulation is a refinement of Government Regulation Number 10 of 1961. Furthermore, technically the rules for implementing land registration refer to the Regulation of the Minister of State for Agrarian Affairs/Head of BPN Number 3 of 1997 concerning Provisions for Implementing Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration. Other regulations to strengthen the implementation of the People's Service Policy for Land Certification are Government Regulation Number 46 of 2002 concerning Tariffs for Types of Non-Tax State Revenue Applicable to the National Land Agency and Decree of the Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 24 of 2008 concerning the Establishment of Implementers of Development and Development Activities. Monitoring Larasita Activities. This was then followed up by the Regulation of the Head of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 18 of 2009 concerning Larasita of the National Land Agency of the Republic of Indonesia

Karakteristik Ikan Pelagis Kecil Yang Dipasarkan Di Pasar Arumbai, Kota Ambon

Small pelagic fish play a crucial role in the marine food chain and have significant economic value, yet information about them remains scarce. This research aims to map the origin and characteristics of small pelagic fish marketed at Arumbai Market in Ambon City. The study was conducted over six months, from May to October 2023, at Arumbai Market. The research utilized survey methods and interviews, and the data were analyzed descriptively. Observations were made on the quantity and size structure of four dominant fish species from five different fish landing locations: Hila, Tulehu, Laha, Hitu, and Latuhalat. The results of this research revealed variations in the composition of dominant small pelagic fish species sold, from the highest to the lowest, namely Decapterus sp, Rastreligger sp, Selar sp, and Auxis sp. The contribution of the five fish landing locations is as follows: Hila (31%), Hitu (24%), Tulehu (18%), Laha (15%), and Latuhalat (12%). Differences in the composition of the quantity and size marketed are suspected to be due to variations in seasons, fishing tools, and capture areas.

The Orienteering Problem with Drones

We extend the classical problem setting of the orienteering problem (OP) to incorporate multiple drones that cooperate with a truck to visit a subset of the input nodes. We call this problem the OP with multiple drones (OP-mD). Drones have a limited battery endurance, and thus, they can either move together with the truck at no energy cost for the battery or be launched by the truck onto short flights that must start and end at different customer locations. A drone serves exactly one customer per flight. Moreover, the truck and the drones must wait for each other at the landing locations. A customer prize can be collected at most once, either upon visiting it by the truck or upon serving it by a drone. Similarly to the OP, we maximize the total collected prize under the condition that the truck and the drones return to the depot within a given amount of time. We provide a mixed-integer linear programming formulation for the OP-mD and devise a tailored branch-and-cut algorithm based on a novel decomposition of the problem. We solve instances of the OP-mD with up to 50 nodes within one hour of CPU time with a standard computational setup. Finally, we adapt our framework to solve closely related problems in the literature and compare the resulting computational performance with that of previous studies.

Developing rural communication through digital innovation for village tourism

This study examines how digital information facilitates communication in the tourism industry to spur innovation in rural communities. Digital platforms have helped Pentingsari Village improve its tourism economy and document its development. This study used content analysis on social media and online reviews to examine Pentingsari Village's change from the New Regime era to the present day. Our research reveals minor alterations in popular perceptions towards village tourism and its effects on local culture and land ownership - effective use of Internet platforms has changed negative perceptions about the tourism industry's exploitation of indigenous land and culture. This approach is viewed as an innovative means of achieving sustainable development while preserving the cultural heritage of local communities and bolstering their economies. This study is a blueprint for how other rural communities can harness similar insights to enhance their well-being. It demonstrates how rural towns can draw inspiration from Pentingsari's utilisation of digital communication to stimulate creativity, showcase their unique attractions, and monitor their progress via digital platforms, which is instrumental in attracting tourists and investors to these areas.

Evaluation method for the availability of solar energy resources in road areas before route corridor planning

The full utilization of solar energy resources along the road is an effective method to solve the energy shortage in transportation. The key to this is an accurate evaluation of solar energy resources, which provides the rationale for the optimal location of road photovoltaic (PV) projects. However, determining the availability of solar energy resources in road areas before route corridor planning remains difficult. To address the issue, this paper developed a standardized method. Firstly, this paper analyzed the critical factors affecting the availability of solar energy resources. They were meteorology, topography, land use type, geology, and location. On that basis, we developed a four-level evaluation indicator system. Then, it proposed a multi-indicator evaluation method based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Geographic Information System (GIS). It used AHP to calculate the weights of each indicator, with solar radiation being the most important. It used GIS to analyze and overlay the spatial distribution of multiple indicators to obtain the map of suitability grades, which could be used to route corridor selection for road PV projects. It also used a case study to demonstrate how the method is applied. The findings show that the method can accurately evaluate the availability of solar energy resources. Furthermore, it studied the appropriate division of evaluation units and it is advised that they shouldn't be larger than 30 m × 30 m. These results provide guidance as a reference for the application of road PV projects and site selection for route corridors worldwide. That will promote the integration of transportation and energy in the future.

A manually annotated corpus in French for the study of urbanization and the natural risk prevention

Land artificialization is a serious problem of civilization. Urban planning and natural risk management are aimed to improve it. In France, these practices operate the Local Land Plans (PLU – Plan Local d’Urbanisme) and the Natural risk prevention plans (PPRn – Plan de Prévention des Risques naturels) containing land use rules. To facilitate automatic extraction of the rules, we manually annotated a number of those documents concerning Montpellier, a rapidly evolving agglomeration exposed to natural risks. We defined a format for labeled examples in which each entry includes title and subtitle. In addition, we proposed a hierarchical representation of class labels to generalize the use of our corpus. Our corpus, consisting of 1934 textual segments, each of which labeled by one of the 4 classes (Verifiable, Non-verifiable, Informative and Not pertinent) is the first corpus in the French language in the fields of urban planning and natural risk management. Along with presenting the corpus, we tested a state-of-the-art approach for text classification to demonstrate its usability for automatic rule extraction.

Проблемные вопросы локального мониторинга земель территорий традиционного природопользования при оценке воздействия нефтегазовых месторождений (на примере Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры)

In this article, the object of the study is the scientific foundations and methodology of local land monitoring in traditional environmental management territories, as specially protected areas. Its priority purpose is for traditional environmental management Issues of local land reliability monitoring data and methods of obtaining them have remained relevant for more than 20 years. With the development of digital technologies and employing remote sensing, the monitoring procedure is faster and more efficient, however, the information retrieved in this way requires verification and this currently can only be done through conducting field surveys of the territory and using instrumental methods control. The obtained local monitoring data enables resolving environmental and economic issues related to the management of land resources in traditional environmental approach areas of the Extreme North at the local level. The purpose of the study is to improve the scientific and methodological foundations of local monitoring in above mentioned zones (hereinafter referred to as TMP), taking into account the regional characteristics of the pointed territories. The theoretical and methodological foundations for that in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra are considered; the impact of oil and gas production facilities on the ecological state of land resources was determined; proposals for improving the control at the TTP for traditional environmental management are substantiated

The value of advanced flood models, damage costs and land use data in cost-effective climate change adaptation

Damage costs from coastal flooding are high and are expected to increase further due to rising sea levels. The associated risks suggest a need for developing methodologies and models to assess damage costs in coastal areas as a basis for decision-making on climate change adaptation. The accuracy of damage cost estimates is critical in cost-effective decision-making on adaptation measures, reflecting climate hazards, flood levels, and associated damage costs. However, detailed models require extended work compared to simpler models due to demands on input data, including land use, damage costs, and adaptation options and costs. In the paper, varying levels of resolution, damage costs and flood models are assessed for coastal flooding risks for two Danish urban areas. Two damage cost models are used: a detailed, context-specific model using local high-resolution land use- and flood damage cost data and a less detailed model with lower-resolution land use data and damage costs based on generic European cost curves. Two flood models are used for the assessment using the detailed damage cost model based on a dynamic and a static flood approach, respectively. For the coarser model, only a static flood model is used. Significant differences are identified between the modelling approaches: The flood area varies up to a factor of ten for static floods due to the digital elevation map (DEM) model alone and a factor of 17 when changing both the DEM and using a dynamic flood. Corresponding factors for resulting damage costs are four and five, respectively.

Quantifying the cooling effect of river and its surrounding land use on local land surface temperature: A case study of Bahe River in Xi’an, China

Rapid urbanization and unplanned development have posed a threat to the thermal environment in a country like China. The urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon is one of the most serious issues because of its strong relation to thermal comfort, air pollution, and public health. The water bodies, as an important component of the urban ecosystem, are generally considered a vital resource to mitigate the UHI. This study provides direct evidence with the help of satellite observation and field measurement data using the mono-window algorithm, spatial buffer analysis, and linear regression methods to explore how the stream water affects the local temperature variation. The results showed that Land use/cover change (LUCC) and Land surface temperature (LST) on both banks of the Bahe River changed significantly. The LST of the river was significantly massively reduced within the distance range of 300 to 500 m, and 400 to 600 m, with an average temperature dip from 3.7 to 2.8 °C, and from 3.2 to 1.7 °C respectively were during the summer on east and west river banks. In addition, the surrounding LUCC composition and configuration could strongly affect the maximum cooling scale. The results provide insights for urban planners and managers to arrange the LUCC composition between the river design in urban areas and the cooling effect demands.

Optimizing slope unit-based landslide susceptibility mapping using the priority-flood flow direction algorithm

Regional-scale landslide susceptibility assessments are challenging and have recently captured the attention of scientists and technicians. A slope unit is a typical map unit that enhances the readability of landslide susceptibility maps (LSMs) by reducing ridge effects. Slope units are commonly obtained via the subbasin division (SBD) method from a digital elevation model (DEM) containing sink features, such as depressions, pits and flats. The SBD method addresses the depression problem by filling features but subsequently faces unresolved problems with parallel slope-unit boundaries. The main objective of this study was to introduce the priority-flood flow direction (PFD) algorithm to exploit flow information for depressions and compare PFD-improved slope units to SBD-based slope units in corresponding LSMs. An LSM case study was generated using an artificial neural network in Yan’an city, China, where loess ridge and hill landforms are developed. Data for a total of 447 landslides were obtained from historical records and field surveys to construct a landslide inventory map, where 313 landslides (70%) and 134 landslides (30%) were used for training and validation, respectively. Then, 9 conditioning factors related to landslides were prepared as inputs to generate six LSMs by combining two map units and three catchment area thresholds. These factors included elevation, slope, river distance, road distance, rainfall, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), aspect, land use and lithology. Finally, the resulting LSMs were validated and compared between the PFD and SBD methods using the precision, recall, accuracy, F1 score, success rate and prediction rate based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and cumulative landslide occurrence (CLO) curves. The results showed that the improved slope units produced no parallel boundaries, and the environment-factor layers generated based on these slope units prevented the generation of parallel factor-subclass boundaries, thus reducing striped distributions of factors and optimizing patterns in the LSMs. The PFD-improved LSM yielded ROC-based success rates ranging from 0.8849 to 0.8901, which were better than those obtained for the SBD-based LSM, at 0.8779–0.8823. The prediction rate revealed that the PFD-improved slope units were more suitable for large regions, as they provide more stable performance than the SBD-based slope units at large scales. The PFD algorithm resolved the problem of parallel boundaries and optimized LSM patterns, resulting in enhanced performance over the SBD method in large-scale research. The study results could be useful for local government management and land use planning in large regions.