Local Historians Research Articles

«Королевская игра» на «королевской горе»: шахматы в Кёнигсберге

The article explores the history of chess in Königsberg in the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. The author gives the data on competitions held in the capital of East Prussia, as well as biographical data on players and chess composers who lived there and visited Königsberg. The reconstruction of the history of the chess movement includes the localization of chess clubs in the city. The researcher states, that in the 1850s — 1870s chess clubs with general and specialized membership flourished in the city. The Königsberg Academic Chess Club was the example of the latter. From 1878 until the end of the century chess life in East Prussia was under the umbrella of the East German Chess Union, founded to offset the difficulties of participation of local chess players in all-German tournaments because of geographical remoteness. In the 20th century several world-class players both from among the city’s visitors (Emanuel Lask­er) and local residents (Paul Saladin Leonhardt) appeared in Königsberg. Leonhardt became probably the main figure representing East Prussia at national and international tournaments after the First World War. The years of Nazism witnessed persecution of local chess players of Jewish origin in Königsberg. Chess life of the city itself remained provincial. The chess history of Königsberg ceased with the Red Army storming the city in 1945. Among the participants of the storming there were also Soviet chess players. The article is addressed to chess historians, local historians and tour guides.

Народная культура белорусов Омского Прииртышья. Историография. Исследования. Перспективы развития темы

The article is devoted to the research base of the folk culture of the Belarusian settlers of the Omsk Irtysh region. The material and spiritual culture of the Belarusians of the Omsk Irtysh region was studied by folklorists, ethnographers, historians, ethnomusicologists, culturologists, and local historians. The primary tasks of this study are to decipher, analyze, systematize and publish archival materials, identify and confirm the places of residence of the descendants of migrants from Belarus, and carry out expeditionary activities. The article gives a brief historiographical overview of the declared topic (historical and folklore-ethnographic studies are covered). Also, an overview genre description of the Belarusian settlers' folklore recorded on the territory of the Omsk Irtysh region is provided. Consideration is given to the actual research direction in the fieldwork of folklorists, as well as prospects in studying the indicated topics. A comprehensive study of the folk culture of the Belarusian settlers of the Omsk Irtysh region is regarded as the most effective in terms of the information content of archival material. The most significant issues today are the actualization and representativeness of archival expeditionary materials. The author of the article suggests a number of areas of activity concerning the Omsk recordings of the Belarusian settlers' folklore: research, publishing, educational, concert, and creative activities. All the activities named above demonstrate the potential of heterogeneous Siberian settelrs' material to be scientifically analyzed and to be representative in publishing, teaching, and concert-creative work.

Историк-архивист душой и сердцем: к 70-летию Г. Ю. Бородиной

The readers are presented with a brief analytical review of the biography and professional activities of Galina Yuryevna Borodina, a historian-archivist, local historian and public figure of the Omsk region, who headed in the period from 2003 to 2011. archival service of the region, which was at the origins of the creation and development of the innovation of the Historical Archive of the Omsk Region - Center for the Study of the History of the Civil War. In 2022, she celebrates her 70th birthday. She devoted most of her life to archiving, public civil service, as well as the study and popularization of historical knowledge through the prism of regional documentary heritage. The relevance of the publication is connected, first of all, with the fact that the career development of the hero of the day fell on a fairly long period of time, during which a cardinal socio-political transformation took place in our country, which had a direct impact on the development of domestic archives, historical science and the formation of a new intelligentsia. The historiographical value of the presented work is seen in the fact that in the classical academic tradition this kind of generalizing material about G. Yu. Borodina is presented on the pages of a scientific publication for the first time. This is the main purpose of this publication. The genre features of the presentation determined the theoretical basis of the article - this is the principle of consistency, anthropological approach, and comparative historical and historical biographical methods. Such a methodological combination made it possible to present the personality, professional and social activities of the hero of the day in the general context of the situation of the era that embraced the collapse of the Soviet state and society and their formation in the conditions of democratic Russia. This publication may be of interest to a wide range of readers, primarily among them - researchers in the history of archiving, the intelligentsia, historical science and the local history movement in Western Siberia in the period from the 1970s to the 2020s.

Обзор писем С. О. Шмидта к С. М. Томсинскому из фонда Государственного архива Пермского края. 1963-1982 гг.

The article reviews letters of the outstanding Russian scientist, educator, and public figure Sigurd Ottovich Schmidt (1922–2013) to the Perm historian Solomon Markovich Tomsinsky (1905–84). The letters are stored in S. M. Tomsinsky’s personal provenance fond in the State Archive of the Perm Region. Chronologically, 23 letters cover the period from 1963 to 1982 . The letters are typewritten, their authenticity is confirmed by S. O. Schmidt's personal signature. The main topic of correspondence is creation in Perm of the Department of the Archeographic Commission of Academy of Sciences of the USSR and of the Ural Archeographic Yearbook. The letters testify to active participation of Sigurd Ottovich in these processes. In 1968, when he was the head of the Archeographic Commission of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, Schmidt’s first letter to S. M. Tomsinsky proposes an idea of creating the Commission’s branch in Perm, as is the case with Vologda and Siberia, and of establishing a publication similar to “Archeographic Yearbook” on “local” topics, but of a broader profile. The letters discuss structure of the proposed anthology, its status, composition of the editorial board. The letters indicate that S. O. Schmidt attached great importance to the educational component of historical science, in which connection he expressed his wish for involvement of a wide range of authors from various scientific centers in Moscow, Leningrad, the Ural region, Siberia. He advised to involve employees of archives, museums, local historians (for example, B. N. Nazarovsky, L. S. Kashikhin). As a professor, he considered it important to publish students’ and postgraduates’ papers in the yearbook. In general, S. O. Schmidt’s wishes were respected, and in 1971 the first “Ural Archeographic Yearbook” was published and highly appreciated by him. Also S. O. Schmidt’s letters shared his scientific plans, offered brief information on work trips, mentioned acquaintances and colleagues. Discussion of books that S. M. Tomsinsky sent to Sigurd Ottovich held a special place in the correspondence. Sharing his impressions, the author raised the problem of local history studies; he considered several publications in the context of his own or his correspondent's scientific interests and also judging on their contribution to the development of national historical thought and to the broadening of its agenda. The correspondence bespeaks of warm relations between two scientists. The letters contain information on their professional interests and highlight the process of creating the “Ural Archeographic Yearbook,” being an important source testifying to versatile interests of S. O. Schmidt and his contribution to the national historical science.

О «Фразеологическом словаре русских говоров Тюменской области» Рецензия на книгу: Багирова Е. П., Белякова С. М. Фразеологический словарь русских говоров Тюменской области. Тюмень, 2020. 356 с.

Phraseological Dictionary of Russian dialects of the Tyumen region was prepared by E. P. Bagirova and S. M. Belyakova and published in 2020 by Tyumen State University. The dictionary covers the phraseological spectrum of dialects of all districts of the Tyumen region, including almost 2,400 phrases recorded in the second half of the 20th - early 21st centuries. The material collected reflects a broad understanding of phraseology, with phraseological units, ritual terminology, proverbs, riddles, omens, and well-wishes presented in the dictionary. This paper considers the phraseological material of the dictionary from the point of view of its lexicographic development, with the main attention paid to the micro-structure of the dictionary. Each of the nine parameters proposed by the authors to describe the Tyumen phraseology is commented on. It is worth noting that most of these parameters are presented quite systematically and correspond to the principles declared. However, some critical remarks and suggestions have been made concerning the lexicographical presentation of some facts, which may be useful for a possible reissue of the dictionary. These comments focus on determining the initial form of idioms, distinguishing variant and synonymy, stating combinability, accuracy of definitions, and the selection of illustrative material. It should be pointed out that the dictionary under review significantly enriches modern Russian dialect phraseography and can undoubtedly be useful to scientists, teachers, local historians, and all those concerned with the fate of the folk word and traditional culture of the region.

Про армію, котра виборювала незалежність України в надважких умовах (Рецензія на книгу: Офіцинський Р. Історія УПА. Харків: Фоліо, 2021. 126 с.)

The article is an extended review of a new book by the famous historian and local historian from Zakarpattia R. Ofitsynskyy „History of UPA”. The author consistently and systematically considers issues related to the activities of UPA in the fight against the German and Soviet armies, examines the life and organization of military service of Ukrainian insurgents, analyzes their goals and political strategy. Calling UPA is a phenomenon of world history, Roman Ofitsynskyy shows the fighting spirit of the Ukrainian insurgents, the duration and scale of their war with powerful opponents. This army fought for independence in a colonial country on the European continent, showed extraordinary self-sacrifice, courage, heroism. Eventually, the USSR collapsed and was discarded, and national liberation triumphed. And Ukraine respects fighters, not those who destroyed it. The human dimension speaks of steady and enduring strength. Currently, UPA personnel belong to the participants in hostilities and fighters for Ukraine’s independence. The State has recognized their awards, titles, valor, and preserves the memory of them. According to Professor Ofitsynskyy, UPA entered world history by resisting the most powerful totalitarian states for the longest time and covering the largest territory among similar armed groups in Europe. For modern Ukrainians in the modern Russian-Ukrainian war, the combat experience of UPA is an inescapable example of uncompromising struggle in extremely difficult conditions. Defending the honor of the occupied nation, UPA laid a spiritual foundation for future generations, presented of people who valued freedom the most.

Крестьянские и купеческие записные книжки в Древлехранилище Пушкинского Дома

This article considers notebooks as a type of manuscript source. The notebook is related to the diary but has its own characteristics: notebooks are easier to analyze and typify than diaries, they were written by many more people and better represent the variety of everyday writing practices of the 18th–20th centuries. This study is based on 23 manuscripts located in the Repository of Ancient Manuscripts of the Institute of Russian Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Pushkinskij Dom) in St. Petersburg. These manuscripts demonstrate the act of record-keeping in the peasant and merchant milieu of Russia. This article identifies structural elements that all these notebooks share to some degree. The first part of the article considers the notebook as a type of ego-document and its relationship with the diary. It also provides a brief historiography of the issue and a summary of valuable remarks by specialists concerning the publishing of peasants’ and merchants’ diaries. The second part of the article presents a typological analysis of the manuscripts that can be more or less conventionally called “notebooks”. The analysis considers the structure of the notebooks, the relationship between contents of a general nature and those that are private, reference information and economic records, documentary characteristics, family dates and phenological observations as central topics, inclusions of diary and memoir entries, and data about owners of the notebooks. The article is accompanied by a list of cited manuscripts from the Repository of Ancient Manuscripts, many of which are of interest to ethnographers, local historians, and linguists.

Дом и семья как зеркало прошлого страны: рецензия на книгу Д. И. Петина «История омского рода Батюшкиных»

The analytical review is devoted to a new and conceptual microhistorical research — the monograph «The History of the Omsk clan of Batyushkin», published by the Omsk historian-archivist and local historian, PhD in History, Associate professor Dmitry Igorevich Petin. From the standpoint of a problematic vision, the substantive aspects of the book are highlighted, which, in the opinion of the reviewer, are worthy of close attention of the academic community, as well as plots, the discussion of which can be continued in a debatable manner. In conclusion, the high significance of the analyzed monograph for understanding the Modern History of Russia is emphasized.

The Slavic Toponymy of Early 20th Century Austria-Hungary in Epistolary Intercourse

The paper attempts to interpret phonetic, lexical, and graphic features of toponyms mentioned in the letters of the Gradiscan Croats, residents of the Chunovo village (presently, the outskirts of Bratislava in Slovakia on the border with Hungary and Austria). These placenames appear in three languages: German, Croatian, and Hungarian and provide an insight on the whole system of local toponyms (names of villages and towns) in the oral speech of the Chunovo inhabitants of the early the 20th century (1908–1918). About a hundred items are drawn from the correspondence published by local historians in the book of letters from members of the Yandrovich family. The analysis shows that Gradishian-Croatian and German elements predominate over Hungarian ones, even though Chunovo was part of the Hungarian part of Austria-Hungary, and the locals studied the Hungarian language at school and used it in official communication. Particular attention is paid to the specific use of prepositions with toponyms which is an influence of local foreign speech. A significant number of toponymic forms show the traits of Slavic speech rendered in writing, while in some instances the name of the village appears only in the Croatian version. Examples are noted when the Croatian version co-exists with the German or Hungarian. The toponyms with the formant -hof (from German das Hof ‘yard’), which denote parts of villages that have a different proper name, are considered separately. Sometimes the placenames designations in letters can be classified as microtoponyms known only to the correspondents themselves. It is also typical that the names of wealthy employers become the designation of a particular place. The considered epistolary material showcases the specificity of the rural life of Croats at the beginning of the 20th century.

Протоиерей Александр Сулоцкий в Омском кадетском корпусе (по воспоминаниям его учеников)

Archpriest Alexander I. Sulotsky (1812-1884) left a significant mark in the life of Omsk. But in modern historiography, his personality and his contribution to the intellectual landscape of the city are presented very fragmentary. In 1848, A.I. Sulotsky was appointed a catechist in the Siberian Cadet Corps in Omsk and rector of the corps church. This activity of A.I. Sulotsky was reflected in the memoirs of his students. The purpose of this article is to reconstruct image based on memoirs of the cadet corps graduates - Archpriest Mikhail Putintsev and Lieutenant General, historian of the Siberian Cossacks, local historian, public figure G.E. Katanaev.Being a catechist and a priest, A.I. Sulotsky actively studied the history of Siberia, the enlightenment of its small nations and left behind not only a scientific legacy, but also a spiritual one, reflected in the worldview of his pupils. Sulotsky was described as loving mentor and reverent priest in the memoirs of his students. He loved his subject and Worship and was able to instill this love in his pupils, some of them, like M. Putintsev and A. Sharapov, were ordained priests. Of course, it is impossible not to pay attention to the idealization of the image of the teacher. Probably, the attitude of the Omsk cadets to the teaching of the Law of God was not so equally enthusiastic. Clarification of this issue requires the search for additional sources. Unfortunately, memoirists do not talk about the scientific works of Alexander I. Sulotsky and this area of his activity needs further research.

Верещагин: священник, этнограф и просветитель удмуртов

The article reveals the pedagogical and ethnographic activities of the famous Udmurt priest – historian, ethnographer and teacher G.G. Vereshchagin, who was a priest, teacher, ethnographer, local historian and researcher of the history and culture of the Udmurt people. The theoretical and practical work of G.G. Vereshchagin is a significant page in the history of the Vyatka region.

Современное краеведение (конец XX - начало XXI в.): теоретические аспекты, центры и формы изучения

The purpose of the article is to characterize the state of the study of the history of Russian local history in the late 20th - early 21st century, with special attention to the historiographic situation in Omsk as one of the most important centers of the local history movement in Russia. The main groups of historiographic sources made up the texts of reports at local history conferences and seminars, scientific articles, dissertations and abstracts written in local material. Among the reasons for the rise of the local history movement since the mid-1980s, researchers name the democratization of public life, the spread of an interdisciplinary model of historical research, and the regionalization of humanitarian knowledge. The analysis of historiographic sources has shown that at the present stage, local history has a sufficient number of theoretical and methodological works that make it possible to determine its essence and place in the disciplinary field of science. The author cites various points of view of researchers on the definition of local history and its difference from other areas of historical science. The article examines the content of research on the history of modern Russian local history, which marks the main centers of regional study and forms of local history work. In research on the history of regional study, the characteristic features of the modern stage are given: the tendency to “personify” history, the expansion of research topics, the scientific nature of modern local history. During the study of the historiography of Omsk regional studies, it was noted that the heritage of Omsk local historians was addressed and popularized. Analysis of studies on the history of Russian local history showed that the authors mainly use an institutional approach. When it comes to local material within the boundaries of a city or region, a combination of institutional and anthropological approaches is used. The approach that studies the process of accumulating knowledge about the region is used in addition to describing the activities of local historians.

КРЕСТНЫЕ ХОДЫ В ЯРОСЛАВСКОЙ ЕПАРХИИ КАК ФЕНОМЕН СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНОЙ ЖИЗНИ РЕГИОНА

Based on the analysis of unpublished archival sources, local periodicals, works of local historians of the 19th century, the article analyzes the variety of religious processions performed in the Yaroslavl diocese in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. The place and role of religious pro-cessions in the religious and socio-cultural life of the diocese, their relationship with the veneration of mi-raculous icons and saints is determined. The article provides a detailed classification of the main types of religious processions according to the territory cov-ered and the reasons for their occurrence. On the example of the Rostov district of the Yaroslavl prov-ince the degree of distribution in the diocese of such a phenomenon as a rural religious procession was studied, the specifics of their conduct were revealed, and the attitude of the local peasant population to-wards them was studied. Particular attention is paid to the study of diocesan missionary religious proces-sions with the icon of the Holy Princess Anna of Kashinskaya, which became widespread at the be-ginning of the 20th century (The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation №22-28-01231, https://rscf.ru/project/22-28-01231/).

The initial period of the campaign to eliminate illiteracy in the Sumy region in the 1920s: agitation for literacy, encouragement to study on an ideological factor (according to the State Archives of Sumy region).

The initial period of the campaign to eliminate illiteracy in the Sumy region in the 1920s: agitation for literacy, encouragement to study on an ideological factor (according to the State Archives of Sumy region).

On the Sart-Kalmyk Written Sources

The article is devoted to the study of Sart-Kalmyk written sources (letters, genealogical trees, S.S. Nasymbatov’s handwritten dictionary), stored in the Scientific Archive of the Kalmyk Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in private collections of residents of Chelpek village of Ak-Suu district, Issyk-Kul region of Kyrgyzstan and in personal authors’ archive. All of the described sources have not been introduced into scholarly circulation yet and remain unknown to researchers. The most important source for studying the spoken Sart-Kalmyk language is the dictionary in manuscript form compiled in the 1990s by a local historian Sultan Nasymbatov (1925–2003). As our study demonstrates, this unfinished manuscript (A–K) has no transparent structure; there is no thematic breakdown of words, collocations and everyday expressions. It has been established that the main purpose of compiling the handwritten dictionary was to teach and preserve the spoken Sart-Kalmyk language.

АКТУАЛЬНЕ ВИДАННЯ ПРО СЛАВЕТНИЙ ХЛІБОРОБСЬКО-КОЗАЦЬКИЙ РІД ҐАЛАҐАНІВ ІЗ ПОЛТАВЩИНИ (Рецензія на книгу Н. П. Коваленко, В. В. Бойка «Рід Ґалаґанів: зі спогадів Бойка Василя Михайловича. Черкаси: «ІнтролігаТОР», 2021. 280 с. ISBN 978–617–7787–31–9»)

The author reviewed the book N. P. Kovalenko, V. V. Boiko «The Galagan family: from the memoirs of Boiko Vasyl Mykhailovych» edited by Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Professor, Honored Worker of Science and Technique of Ukraine P. I. Boiko. It is noted that the peer-reviewed scientific publication is relevant, because in it, according to the memoirs of historian, teacher, local historian Vasyl Mykhailovych Boiko, the history of the famous agricultural and Cossack family Boiko-Galagan from Poltava region is covered. Emphasis is placed on the true reflection of the history of life and hard work of Ukrainian agricultural producers, reflects the tense and heroic periods of life of the Boiko-Galagan family, which are intertwined with the history of Ukraine. It was concluded that although Ukraine was a bastion of various invasions, the ancestral roots were marked by patriotic and agricultural spirit, was famous for organizational skills among the peasants, and was fond of land and agricultural work.

О языке и стиле книги А. С. Шадриной «Двадцать два дня из жизни Ф. М. Достоевского (г. Кузнецк, 1856-1857 гг.)»: к вопросу об элитарной языковой личности в краеведческом дискурсе

The book “Twenty-two days in the life of F. M. Dostoevsky (Kuznetsk, 1856-1857)” written by Albina Stepanovna Shadrina, an art historian and local history expert, is related to a local historical dominant of the Southern Kuzbass sociocultural space, embodied in artistic, journalistic, advertising, and scientific texts. The paper provides the results of semantic and stylistic analysis of the book, revealing how an elitist linguistic personality manifests itself in the local history discourse. The image of the author is depicted by examining evaluative and emotionally expressive contexts and means, with the cognitive and discursive basis for their use being the memorial and local history function. A stylistic basis of A. S. Shadrina’s work is the popular science substyle. Emotional and expressive means actualize the characteristics important for the author and the course of the argumentation. S. Shadrina’s argument is characterized by a humanistic message, attention to the writer’s personality, and focus on psychological and ethical issues. Her goal is not only to represent the story of Dostoevsky’s “fearsome feeling” but also to study the life of Kuznetsk of that period, with special attention to the moral aspects. The book highlights axiological ideas connected with the activity of a local historian, with a focus on the novelty and perspectives of the research, the importance of archival work. The methodological approach, explicated in the evaluative contexts, is based on working with reliable sources and the unacceptability of free subjective interpretations of the facts.

«ИЗЛЮБЛЕННЫЕ ЛЮДИ». ТИПЫ ПРОВИНЦИАЛЬНЫХ ИНТЕЛЛИГЕНТОВ В ИЗОБРАЖЕНИИ Д. Н. МАМИНА-СИБИРЯКА

Mamin-Sibiryak belonged to several cultural and educational public organizations, was familiar with many representatives of the provincial intelligentsia, who became the prototypes for a cycle of his essays called “Beloved People” (1896). The essays are devoted to the Ural local historians, most often nonprofessional scientists, who collected bit by bit information about the history and culture of the Urals: P. M. Vologodsky, N. K. Chupin, V. N. Shishonko and some others. The characters of the essays are ambiguous. On the one hand, they are enthusiasts, selfless workers, driven by love for science and their native land, evoking the author’s ardent sympathy. On the other hand, the figures of the Ural chroniclers and archaeologists are given in an ironic light, their apartments filled with papers, archaeological finds, etc., bring to mind Plyushkin’s house from Gogol’s poem. Their bitter feeling of their uselessness to society, their loneliness is a running motif of the cycle, associated with Mamin’s “beloved” heroes. They are elected or chosen (“beloved” in the ancient meaning of the word) for a high mission — to be enlighteners of the province, to save its historical memory. But the “deaf swamp” of provincial life is drawing them in, they themselves feel their marginality and cultural gap not only along the line of “the capital and the province”, but also in relation to their Ural countrymen. Nevertheless, Mamin emphasizes the deep connection of his characters with their land and its people, the city “crowd”, which “chosen ones” they are. Therefore, the last essay of the cycle affirms the idea of the high mission of a “worldly person”, who knows all the needs of his native city, who cares about others more than about himself.

From the history of museum work in Crimea: Activities of the Russian Society for the Study of the Crimea — Society for the Study of the Crimea (1922–1932)

The article deals with the museum direction in the popularization and research activities of the Russian Society for the Study of Crimea — the Society for the Study of Crimea against the background of the active development of the local history movement in the USSR in the 1920s and early 1930s. Three main forms of cooperation between the public scientific organization and the museum institutions in the region are traced: the participation of the Society members in the work of museums, and in creating new museums of local history (in Alushta and Kerch); publications of employees of Crimean museums about the profile work of institutions on the pages of the Society’s printed organ — the scientific journal “Krym”; author’s methodological articles of members of the Society on museum topics on the pages of the journal “Krym” (K.E.Grinevich, V.G.Opalov). Consideration of the plots of cooperation between amateur local historians, professional historians, archaeologists, ethnographers and museum workers allows us to form a comprehensive picture of the atmosphere and moods that were decisive in the scientific and social movement of the first decades of Soviet power. The dynamics of local history initiatives, the change of priorities in popularizing work helps to trace the patterns of transformation of the local history movement by the beginning of the 1930s. This was fully reflected in museum work, particularly in the leveling of any creative independence of museum teams and their incorporation into the structure of state ideological apparatus. This led to a crisis in the local history and museum movement and contributed to the unleashing of harassment and repression against local Soviet historians and museum workers, both at the all-Union and regional levels.

История Д. Мамшенкино как пример расширения границ ойкумены западносибирских татар

The article on the basis of field ethnographic and archaeological materials, archival documents and statistical and economic surveys of the beginning of the 20th century. The history and economic life of the little-known settlement of the West Siberian Tatars - village of Mamshenkino (modern Bolsherechensky district of the Omsk region) is reconstructed. The estimated dates of the settlement of the settlement, the circumstances of its occurrence, analyzed the family, social, age and gender composition of the inhabitants and their economic life, analyzed. The conclusions were made that it was founded by immigrants from the neighboring yurts Bolshe-Murlinsky about 1882-1883. On crown lands cut off as a result of the land surveying of the specified settlement. In the future, Tatars-immigrants settle from other places of the Tara District of Tobolsk province and from the European part of Russia. At the end of the 19th century the population of the settlement was young. The inhabitants prevailed the able-bodied population and children. Residents were engaged in livestock farming and agriculture. Archival data indicate that for an unknown reason before the First World War, part of the families were evicted back to the yurts Bolshe-Murlinsky. Perhaps this happened due to a lack of good agricultural lands. By 1926, the number of farms and residents decreased greatly. According to local historians, due to collectivization, the village was drove in the first half of the 1930s.