Local Government Efforts Research Articles

Utilization Of Digital Platforms In Realizing SDG 8.3 Entrepreneurship In Msmes With The 9F Model Approach: A Study On The Hijab Fashion Business In Sidoarjo District, East Java.

The utilization of digital platforms has become a key strategy to increase the competitiveness of MSMEs in Indonesia, particularly in the hijab fashion sector. This study aims to analyze the impact of digital platforms and the implementation of the 9F Entrepreneurship Model on MSMEs in Sidoarjo District, as well as its contribution to achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8.3, which focuses on promoting economic productivity and entrepreneurship. This qualitative research employs a case study method involving five MSMEs in the hijab fashion industry, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and direct observations of business owners. The findings indicate that integrating digital platforms such as Instagram, WhatsApp, Facebook, Shopee, and TikTok with the 9F model significantly enhances innovation, visibility, and flexibility in MSMEs’ responses to market changes. Among the 169 MSMEs in the fashion sector in Sidoarjo, 26 focus on hijab fashion, with five MSMEs participating in this research. These MSMEs reported improvements in market reach and operational efficiency through digital platforms. Additionally, the integration of digital strategies supports economic growth aligned with SDG 8.3. This approach shows that the combination of digital platforms and the 9F Entrepreneurship Model can be an essential strategy for developing MSMEs in the hijab fashion sector, contributing to local economic growth and government efforts to achieve SDG 8.3.

Mitigating the Problem of Local Extinction through Pilot Operation of the Gyeongbuk Theme City: Focusing on a comparative analysis between Kawaba Village and the Bu-Ul-Gyeong megacity†

As of 2023, over half of South Korea's 228 regions face population extinction, despite substantial local government efforts. This study examines why the "Busan-Ulsan-Gyeongnam (Bu-Ul-Gyeong) Megacity" initiative failed to address this issue. By analyzing the successful revitalization of Kawaba village in Japan, which attracted more than 2.5 million tourists, this study proposes an innovative solution tailored to South Korea—the "Gyeongbuk Four Seasons Theme Park." This project aims to revitalize the Gyeongbuk region's economy and reverse population decline, contributing to Sustainable Development Goal 11: "Sustainable Cities and Communities."This study uses a comparative case study methodology to analyze the Bu-Ul-Gyeong Megacity initiative and Kawaba Village. Data collection involved a review of policy documents and academic literature for the former and fieldwork, including interviews and observations, for the latter. The key participants included local government officials and employees in Kawaba Village. Insights from Kawaba were applied to design the "Gyeongbuk Four Seasons Theme Park," which integrates successful elements from Kawaba's model while addressing the shortcomings of the Bu-Ul-Gyeong initiative.The Bu-Ul-Gyeong initiative failed because of a lack of economic revitalization planning, insufficient community engagement, and poor cooperation between governments. Kawaba village succeeded in establishing partnerships, fostering local enterprises, and maintaining effective government communication. These factors are critical in overcoming challenges in regional development.This study proposes the "Gyeongbuk Four Seasons Theme Park," a rotating, seasonal attraction across four cities, emphasizing local specialties and resident participation. This project aims to increase population inflow and establish sustainable agricultural enterprises, contributing to the economic revitalization of the Gyeongbuk region.

The impact of surveillance cameras and community safety activities on crime prevention: Evidence from Kakogawa City, Japan

While surveillance cameras are widely used for crime prevention in living environments, the interplay between such physical measures and community safety activities remains less understood. This study is grounded in Kakogawa city in Japan, which was once noted for a high crime rate and is now one of the most-surveilled cities in the nation. A questionnaire survey was conducted to assess public attitudes towards local security, surveillance cameras and community safety activities among 116 citizens, with data analysed through both quantitative (ANOVA, t-test, and Pearson correlation) and qualitative (Kawakita-Jiro method) approaches. The study reveals a high level of safety perception, with both physical and social measures contributing. The acceptance of cameras is notably high and scarcely affected by demographics or personal experiences, largely due to local government's efforts to build collective trust. While the current level of community participation is insufficient, citizens perceive safety activities as irreplaceable by surveillance cameras, indicating that both should be concurrently promoted to enhance crime prevention initiatives. This study provides insights into the non-substitutable relationship between physical and social prevention measures and offers policy recommendations, including emphasising public involvement in implementing security devices and promoting the publicity of localised safety activities.

Tropical Cyclone Storm Surge‐Based Flood Risk Assessment Under Combined Scenarios of High Tides and Sea‐Level Rise: A Case Study of Hainan Island, China

AbstractIn the context of climate change, coastal flood risk is intensifying globally, particularly in China, where intricate coastlines and frequent tropical cyclones make storm surges a major concern. Despite local government's efforts to initiate coastal monitoring networks and qualitative risk guidelines, there remains a gap in detailed and efficient quantitative assessments for combinations of multiple sea‐level components. To address this, we develop the Tropical Cyclone Storm Surge‐based Flood Risk Assessment under Combined Scenarios (TCSoS‐FRACS). This framework integrates impacts of storm surges, high tides, and sea‐level rise using a hybrid of statistical and dynamic models to balance reliability and efficiency. By combining hazard, exposure, and vulnerability, it incorporates economic and demographic factors for a deeper understanding of risk composition. Applying TCSoS‐FRACS to Hainan Island reveals that the combined effects of storm surges, high tides, and sea‐level rise significantly amplify local coastal flood risk, increasing economic losses to 4.27–5.90 times and affected populations to 4.96–6.23 times. Additionally, transitioning from Fossil‐fueled Development (SSP5‐8.5) to Sustainability (SSP1‐1.9) can reduce the risk increase by approximately half. The equivalence in flood hazard between current high tides and future sea level under a sustainable scenario boosts confidence in climate change adaptation efforts. However, coastal cities with low hazard but high exposure need heightened vigilance in flood defense, as future risk could escalate sharply. Our study provides new insights into coastal flood risk on Hainan Island and other regions with similar profiles, offering a transferable and efficient tool for disaster risk management and aiding in regional sustainable development.

Bureaucratic Reform through Public Policy Implementing Quality Dimensions in Integrated Licensing Services

The bureaucratic reform of the licensing service sector in Gorontalo City was followed up by Regional Regulation Number 14 of 2006 concerning the establishment of a one-stop integrated service unit. However, the integrated service unit has not been able to provide quality services as expected. Therefore, this research is very important to provide corrections and improvements to publicly accessible licensing services. The scope of the study on the two services has reviewed the procedures carried out in the two selected services from the beginning until the licensing documents were issued. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method through an in-depth and comprehensive study of the series of licensing services. The results showed that 1) there are differences in the application of public service dimensions in environmental permit services and building permits. 2) several factors determine the success of licensing services, namely internal factors and external factors. Internal factors include general management patterns of the organization and the provision of supporting facilities, as well as human resource development. External factors include service patterns, service provision procedures, and service distribution patterns, as well as service delivery patterns. This research provides positive benefits in the efforts of local governments to innovate public licensing services. The practical implications of the research results encourage the organization of regional equipment to meet the facility standards needed to provide quality public services.

Emigration and fiscal gap in population-exporting region.

This paper analyzes how emigration impacts fiscal gap of population-exporting region in the long term. We construct a general equilibrium model of emigration and fiscal gap and make empirical verification using two-step system GMM model. Among the major lessons from this work, five general and striking results are worth highlighting: (1) the economic losses of emigration are the immediate cause of widening the fiscal gap. (2) in the short and long term, emigration can expand the fiscal revenue gap through the superimposed effect of tax rate and tax base. (3) the gap in fiscal expenditure is widened by the outflow of people in the short term. However, local governments would change the strategy to keep the spending gap from widening in the long run. (4) a positive impact of emigration on the fiscal gap. the more severe population emigration, the larger the fiscal gap. (5) when the trend of emigration becomes irreversible, the subsequent efforts of local governments to expand fiscal expenditure for attraction population would not only fail to revive the regional economy, but aggravate the expansion of fiscal gap. The contribution of research is twofold. On the one hand, it fills the theoretical gap between emigration and fiscal gap because previous studies have paid little attention to the fiscal problems of local government of population outflow. On the other hand, the selection of Northeast China that has been subject to long-term out-of-population migration is good evidence to verify this theory, which is tested very well using the 2S-GMM model. The comprehensive discussion on the relationship between emigration and fiscal gap is helpful to guide those continuous population-exporting regions that are facing a huge fiscal gap how to solve the fiscal gap and unsustainability from the perspective of fiscal revenue and expenditure.

Reducing carbon emissions in prefabricated buildings supply chains: a focus on component manufacturing processes.

The construction sector accounts for 23% of emissions from global economic activity, with China responsible for nearly 41%. Although China has vigorously promoted the development of prefabricated buildings (PBS) in pursuit of cleaner production, the carbon emissions from prefabricated component factories (PCF) should not be underestimated. So, the focus of this research was on how to promote the decarbonization of PCF. Based on the carbon trading market mechanism, the carbon emissions trading tax and revenue tax collection, the authors established a differential game model consisting of the local government and the PCF, studied the equilibrium solutions under different decision models, and analyzed the roles of the two tax systems, carbon trading revenue, and market preferences. The results are as follows: (1) The PCF's low-carbon technology (LCT) innovation efforts can be directly affected by the carbon price, component price, and tax rate and indirectly affected by influencing the local government's efforts. Besides, the local government and the PCF strategies can be changed through the central government's regulation of carbon prices and tax rates. (2) PCF should set reasonable prices for components, improving economic efficiency and the LCT stocks. (3) Cost-sharing contracts can encourage PCF to increase their LCT innovation, which is conducive to increasing the optimal benefits of the PCF. (4) The local government cannot be motivated by cost-sharing contracts. They can increase their optimal benefits only if the cost-sharing coefficient is below a threshold or if the environmental benefits from low-carbon production are above a specific value.

Addressing the asymmetry between central and local air protection policies: Insights from Poland

Purpose: This paper examines the asymmetry between the air protection policies of the central government and local authorities in Poland, using the city of Kraków as a case study. Methodology: The study employs a comparative method to contrast the Polish state's coal policy with the air protection efforts of the Kraków local government. A systems analysis approach is used to identify the causes and effects of the divergent policies. Results: The analysis reveals a lack of alignment between the central government's focus on maintaining coal extraction and the local government's efforts to reduce air pollution. Kraków authorities have taken significant measures to improve air quality, but face challenges due to insufficient support from the central government and neighboring municipalities. Theoretical contribution: The paper highlights the importance of policy symmetry and coordination between different levels of government in addressing complex environmental issues like air pollution. It contributes to understanding multi-level governance dynamics in the context of air protection. Practical implications: The findings underscore the need for a collaborative model of air protection policy that engages central authorities, local governments, private sector entities, and civil society. Establishing air protection councils at the voivodship, county and municipal levels is proposed as a mechanism to facilitate this coordination. Integrating air quality considerations into local governments' management control systems is also recommended.

The Role of Sustainable Regional Development in Increasing the Competitiveness Strategy of UMKM Enterprises in Banyuwangi Regency

This study aims to analyze the competitiveness of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) in Banyuwangi Regency and formulate strategies to maintain their competitiveness through the sustainable role of the local government. SWOT analysis is used to identify the internal and external factors faced by UMKM (Micro Small Medium Enterprises). The results show that the strategies that can be pursued include developing clusters/centers of leading UMKM (Micro Small Medium Enterprises), increasing product value-added and differentiation, and improving human resource capacity. The role of the local government is key in supporting the implementation of these strategies through providing access to capital, facilitating promotion and marketing, and comprehensive fiscal incentives. The joint efforts of UMKM (Micro Small Medium Enterprises) actors and local government are expected to increase the competitiveness of UMKM (Micro Small Medium Enterprises) and support inclusive and sustainable regional economic growth.

The Impact of Vertical Fiscal Imbalances and Local Government Tax Efforts on the Quality of Economic Development—A Study Based on Threshold Regression and Simultaneous Equation Models

China’s economy has been growing at a rapid pace in recent years, but the quality of economic development has not been consistent with the quantity, which is not conducive to sustainable economic development. How to improve the quality of economic development and achieve sustainable economic development has become an urgent economic issue for the Chinese government to address. Utilizing panel data encompassing 30 provinces in China from 2008 to 2022, we explore the mechanisms and impacts of vertical fiscal imbalances and tax efforts on the quality of local economic development. For this purpose, this investigation employs threshold regression and three-stage least squares methodologies. The results of the study show that an increase in the level of vertical fiscal imbalance does not contribute significantly to the improvement of the quality of local economic development. However, a vertical fiscal imbalance can suppress the level of tax effort of local government. Moreover, a reduction in local government tax efforts has a favorable effect on the quality of local economic development. As such, a vertical fiscal imbalance promotes economic development indirectly. Therefore, it is necessary to reasonably control the level of vertical fiscal imbalance, build a fiscal relationship between the central and local governments with clear powers and responsibilities, coordinate financial resources and regional balance, and prevent excessive tax efforts from suppressing the production enthusiasm of microeconomic subjects to improve the quality of China’s economic development and realize the sustainable development of the local and national economies.

Mitigating the conflict between economic and green development: Emission reduction mechanisms for vertical transfer payments

AbstractThe impact of government behavior on emission reductions has gained widespread attention, but fewer studies have explored the relationship between vertical transfers (VT) and carbon emissions (CE). We empirically test the CE reduction mechanism of VT by constructing two‐way fixed effects models based on data of 278 Chinese cities from 2005 to 2020. Empirical analysis finds that VT reduce the taxing efforts of local governments and the tax burden of enterprises, promote the upgrading of enterprises' production technology, and ultimately reduces CE. Conclusions suggest that transfer payments should be actively used to establish preferential policies to assist enterprises in reducing CE.

US Nationwide Multi-City Media Coverage of COVID-19 Responses: Community Structure Theory, Belief System, and a “Violated Way of Life”

Community structure analysis compared city characteristics and newspaper coverage of state/local government responses to COVID-19 in 25 major U.S. cities, sampling all 250+ word articles from 4/4/20 to 7/6/20. The resulting 588 articles were coded for “prominence” and “direction” (favorable/unfavorable/balanced-neutral coverage), then combined into each newspaper’s composite “Media Vector” (range=0.3552 to −0.5197, or 0.8749). Twenty-one of 25 newspapers (84%) displayed unfavorable coverage of local COVID-19 responses. Pearson correlations and regression analysis confirmed a muscular “violated way of life” pattern, when a community perceives itself as threatened by a “biological threat or a threat to a cherished way of life.” Political and belief system polarization (in particular percent Evangelical and percent voting Republican) were strongly associated with unfavorable coverage of local pandemic responses, compared to more favorable responses linked to percent voting Democratic or percent Catholic. Vulnerability (percent uninsured) was also linked to negative coverage. Conversely, two different measures of access to healthcare (percent municipal spending on health and welfare, and physicians/100,000) were significantly linked to favorable coverage of the same local government efforts. Community structure theory’s grass roots “bottom up” expectations linking community demographics to variations in reporting on critical issues were robustly confirmed.

Post-displacement placemaking to reconnect social capital after the 3.11 earthquake and tsunami in Arahama, Japan

The growing number of natural hazards cause an increase in displacement and disconnections of affected population from their pre-disaster environments. People affected by the March 11, 2011, Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami (3.11) faced similar issues. By efforts of Japanese national and local governments, community organizations and individuals, land use restrictions were implemented, and houses and communities were rebuilt. Consequently, original affected lands were emptied, and former residents’ social capital became more disconnected. In response, placemakers took diverse initiatives to recover hazardous areas, reconnect displaced communities, and promote community resilience. This study examined post-3.11 placemaking efforts from the Arahama area of Sendai City in Miyagi Prefecture through different perspectives of land-use transformation, placelessness, place attachment, and reconnecting social capital. Our findings show that post-disaster long-term placemaking projects that have people-based approaches successfully created “third places” with a strong sense of attachment. In these cases, placemakers collectively preserved valuable pre-disaster meanings of places while creating new meaning of places for users and themselves, actively enhanced dimensions of social capital, and reconnected displaced social capital. This research also found that placemaking processes offered dynamic functions, activities, and interventions, resulting in enhanced sense of place.

Twitter Sentiment Analysis in Tourism with Polynomial Naïve Bayes Classifier

Lombok has become a favorited tourist destination in the world. Therefore, tourism is a mainstay sector in regional development in West Nusa Tenggara. The contribution of the tourism sector shows an increasing trend. Tourist expenditures are distributed to various sectors. The tourism sector has a positive impact on the regional economy. The local government has prepared to improve the quality and quantity of tourism in Lombok. The results of local government efforts need to be analyzed so that future policies are on target. Analysis can be done on the satisfaction of tourists who travel to Lombok. It would be very difficult to get satisfaction data from all tourists through questionnaires. But on the other hand, tourist satisfaction is usually posted on their social networks. One of the social media that is widely used by tourists is Twitter. Their tweets contain not only expressions of natural beauty but also criticism, suggestions, and complaints during their visit. In addition, the tweet data on twitter is open access. This study tries to analyze the sentiment on Twitter which contains tweets of tourists who have visited Lombok. Sentiment analysis is performed using the Polynomial Naive Bayes Classifier. Sentiment results are classified into positive and negative sentiments. The results of this sentiment are expected to help related agencies or other tourism actors to improve the quality and quantity of regional tourism. The results showed that the positive sentiment on the security factor were 50.65%, the cost 75.32%, accommodation 62.33% and the cleanness factor 77.92%.

Quantitative assessment for geosites of the Ijen Geopark in Banyuwangi Regency, East Java, Indonesia

Ijen Geopark, also known as “Sunrise of Java,” is situated on the eastern tip of Java. Twelve geosites of the geopark are located in Banyuwangi Regency, while the left are situated in Bondowoso Regency. This paper aims to inventory and conduct a geosites quantitative assessment in Ijen Geopark in Banyuwangi Regency. A four-step model, comprising scientific value, potential educational value, potential tourism value, and degradation risk, is utilized for the quantitative assessment of the geosites. Geological characteristics of the twelve geosites have been inventoried. Ijen Acidic Crater Lake is the most valuable geosite in scientific terms. The publication of international papers can enhance the scientific score, particularly for geosites with a final scientific score below 300. All geosites in Ijen Geopark are potential for both education and tourism purposes, as they have final scores higher than 300. The Intrusive Rock Pulau Merah, despite facing moderate challenges related to population density and uniqueness, has been shown to have the greatest potential for both educational and tourism purposes. The geosites within Ijen Geopark are relatively protected from deterioration, with a total deterioration risk score less than 250. The study supports the efforts of local and national governments in promoting economic development.

Social Equity in Budgeting

There is a growing recognition that budgets are key tools governments can use to advance equity for all residents. In the United States, governments at all levels are looking for ways to incorporate equity into their budget process to address concerns, particularly racial inequities, in delivering public services. Several local governments have taken steps to implement an equity focus in their budgeting processes, although most have yet to do so. In this article, we use lessons learned from equity budgeting initiatives, primarily at the local level, to provide suggestions for practitioners considering integrating an equity dimension into their budget process. We begin by discussing how public administration values influence budgeting and how they are connected to the budget orientation and format. Next, we look at the efforts of several local governments to incorporate an equity dimension into their budget process, followed by a consideration of the influence of state and federal actions on local governments. We then identify the key steps governments can take to implement an equity-focused budget.

Analysis of Village Government Efforts to Improve Public Services in Tanah Mea Village, West Kutai Regency

This research aims to analyze the efforts of the Tanah Mea village government, West Kutai Regency in improving the quality of public services. The research method uses a case study approach to explore in order to obtain an interpretation of the "interpretive framework" analysis to see the local government's efforts involving several village officials. The results of the research show that there are technical and non-technical obstacles in implementation, such as: unclear explanation of village regulations (Perdes), minimum standards for village services, standard operating procedures, minimal village apparatus resources in the use of technology and information, disruption to general infrastructure and electricity network constraints and service efforts. Fulfillment of basic rights can be accepted by local communities even though there are limited village apparatus resources and facilities and infrastructure in providing administrative services.

Innovative AI Regional Economic Development Driven by Information System Innovation: Opportunities and Challenges - A Boosting Factor from Digitalization, Business Intelligence Analytics

This investigation looks at the intricate relationships between business intelligence (BI) analytics, digitalization, cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI), and information system innovation, as well as how they affect local economic growth. The study emphasizes the transformative potential of AI as a powerful accelerator for regional growth by stimulating innovation, enhancing efficiency, and expediting decision-making processes. It does this by applying map analysis and spatial econometric model regression to a dataset covering Chinese regions from 2010 to 2022. The study highlights the critical need for the development of sophisticated digitalization frameworks and information systems to adapt to the ever-evolving dynamics of regional economies and advocates for the collabourative efforts of researchers and local governments in tailoring AI-driven solutions that cater to the unique demands of individual localities. Although the research highlights the initial benefits provided by BI analytics, it also strongly emphasizes the need for ongoing innovation to maintain long-term success, encouraging academics to improve and streamline current BI analytics programmes. The paper also highlights the crucial importance of computing sustainability, effective administration of massive datasets, seamless human-AI collabouration, geographic computing, and the ethical considerations connected with AI adoption. The study emphasizes the value of utilizing AI's revolutionary potential while proactively tackling the issues it presents by offering a series of doable recommendations for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers. In the end, this study makes a significant contribution to the body of knowledge already available about the role of AI in regional economic development, providing priceless insights for those involved in directing the course of regional economies.

Antagonistic Integration in the Private Sector-Driven Housing Developments in South Africa

Cities in apartheid South Africa did not exhibit inclusivity traits and city developments thereafter have not differed significantly. Neoliberal urbanism asserts that the city is envisaged as a playing field for the elites, and growing socio-economic inequalities are managed by creating privatised, customised, and networked spaces for consumption by the urban elites. This ideology seeks to enlarge the role of market forces in the housing sector, to increase the role of elites in shaping urban landscapes. This paper, anchored on the theory of neoliberal urbanism, showcases the difficulties of integration and inclusivity in a socio-economically mixed neighbourhoods in post-apartheid SA, using Shaka’s Head in the Ballito area of the KwaDukuza Municipality as the case study. The study engages literature on the production of space to demonstrate how the economically dominant urban classes have maintained hegemony over urban governance and suppressed the efforts of local governments to shape urban neighbourhoods and the interests of the previously disadvantaged groups. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews with role-players in physical planning and human settlements developments and supplemented with household interviews with residents of Shaka’s Head. Research results showed that the type of integration observed in the area can best be described as ‘antagonistic integration’. The paper recommends an increased role of the government in land ownership, physical development, and regulation of private developments. Keywords: Housing, Private developments, Urban communities, Integration, Antagonism

The Impact of Local Government Environmental Target Constraints on the Performance of Heavy Pollution Industries

The world is plagued by difficult problems such as ecological degradation and resource depletion. This study utilizes data from 664 Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed enterprises in the heavy pollution industry from 2007 to 2019; this paper constructs a two-way fixed effects panel model and a mediated effect model to test the relevant effects of local government environmental target constraints (LGETCs) on the performance of heavy pollution enterprises (HPEs). The main findings are as follows: First, LGETCs significantly inhibit the short-term performance of HPEs. Second, LGETCs have a heterogeneous impact on the short-term performance of HPEs based on regional, industry, and firm ownership differences. This sentence suggests that local environmental targets can exert a restraining effect on the short-term performance of heavily polluting companies by influencing factors such as financial constraints, agency costs, and levels of technological innovation. In this context, financial constraints and agency costs act as mediating factors, while corporate technological innovation and green technological innovation act as masking factors in this relationship. The sentence appears to suggest that local environmental targets can indirectly have a positive impact on the long-term performance of heavily polluting companies through innovative incentives. Furthermore, the research in this article provides theoretical support for local government efforts to address deteriorating ecological environments and expedite energy conservation and emission reduction in heavily polluting companies.