Local Government Strategies Research Articles

Cultural Heritage Topics in Online Queries: A Comparison between English- and Polish-Speaking Internet Users

New communication channels and methods for retrieving information can provide increasingly precise data describing how cultural heritage is perceived, protected, promoted, and shared. Many internet users search for cultural-heritage-related topics using online search engines and databases. The purpose of this study was to identify the context and frequency of cultural heritage topics in Google search engine queries. The primary hypothesis was that keywords used in Google searches related to cultural heritage would be much more diversified in English than in Polish, perhaps because Polish has many fewer internet users than English. The keywords were selected because of their frequent use in the research literature, popular science publications, and central and local government strategy documents. The research employed selected online applications. A total of 3690 keywords were collected, with 1634 (44.3%) in Polish and 2056 (55.7%) in English. The numbers of retrieved keywords were similar for all research tools, but an in-depth analysis identified certain differences in the functions of the tools. The “cultural heritage” keyword in Polish (“dziedzictwo kulturowe”) was found mostly in national, regional, and local contexts. English queries included topics related to cultural heritage protection, conservation, restoration, and management and the financial value of cultural heritage. Some queries focused on world cultural heritage. The research shows that Polish-speaking users and English-speaking ones were interested in similar phrases. Therefore, the thought processes of internet users may be independent of their language.

Analisis Strategi Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Peningkatan Industri Kreatif bagi Pelaku Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di Kelurahan Kranji Kecamatan Bekasi Barat

This study aims to find out about "Local Government Strategy in Community Empowerment through Increasing Creative Industries for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Kranji Village, West Bekasi District”. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods to describe and explain in detail the existing phenomena using interview techniques as a supporting instrument. Research on Local Government Strategies in Community Empowerment Through Increasing Creative Industries for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Kranji Village, West Bekasi District can be measured from Minztberg Strategy Indicators in Afif and Abdullah (2010), namely: Planning, Actions taken, Positioning Angle, Perspective, Resistance, and Effort. The results of the research that has been carried out show that the local government's strategy in empowering the community through increasing creative industries for MSME actors has been carried out according to planning procedures even though the practice in the field has not been optimal due to the lack of overall outreach by stakeholders in the ranks of the Kranji Village. The programs implemented in an effort to empower the community for MSME actors are very useful for increasing the quality of sales and promotion of products sold by providing market outlets in the Kranji sub-district and holding a bazaar program. In addition, the government provides convenience in processing business licenses and provides business capital assistance programs for MSMEs.

Strategi Pengembangan E-Tourism Sebagai Media Pemasaran Pariwisata di Taman Purbakala Kerajaan Sriwijaya

This study determines local government strategies in e-tourism-based advertising in Sriwijaya Royal Park, Palembang City and reveals the factors that influence local governments in formulating e-tourism-based advertising strategies in Palembang City. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Data were collected from interviews and analysis based on indicators of human resources, facilities and infrastructure, and human resources. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation (observation), interviews (interviews), and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the strategy of Palembang City in implementing e-tourism is maximized by forming a team filled with special abilities or skills to master IT. Especially in terms of the concept of e-tourism, physical means are limited, but technical knowledge requires technical funds, such as photographers and graphic design specialists. The supporting factor for e-tourism-based promotion in Palembang City is the organization's efforts and collaboration with various stakeholders to promote tourism in the Sriwijaya Royal Archaeological Park

The Local Government’s Strategy Optimizing Extension Worker Role for Smallholder Empowerment

The study objectives were to analyze 1. The level of the extension worker’s role. 2. The level of smallholder empowerment 3. Effect of the extension worker role on smallholder’s empowerment. 4. Formulating strategies to optimize the extension worker’s roles. The study was designed as a survey method, population is 568 farmers in four villages that carry out smallholder empowerment programs. Using a purposive sample, farmers who own land ≤ 20,000 square meters. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling (SEM). The study results showed that 1. The level of extension worker role in smallholder empowerment programs is in a low category. 2. The level of the smallholder’s empowerment is in a low category. 3. There are two aspects of the role of extension workers effect on smallholder empowerment namely accessing information-learning and credibility-competency of extension workers. However, there is no effect of dialogic communication on smallholder empowerment 4. The local government strategies for optimizing extension worker roles through enhancing two aspects, 1. Institutional support of BPPT through providing training and disseminating innovation-technology. 2. Local government policy support to increase the capacity of extension workers through formal and informal education, providing incentives, rewarding, and preparing facilities.

Model Pengembangan Pembiayaan Syariah Sektor Pertanian di Provinsi Aceh: Suatu Telaah Soft System Methodology

The agricultural sector is the largest sector for economic output in Aceh which also dominates the largest number of workers in Aceh. The Aceh government needs to establish strategic steps to formulate financing in the sector as stipulated in the agricultural regulations based on Qanun Number 11 of 2018 about Islamic Financial Institutions (LKS). This research is designed to formulate system for developing Islamic financing in the agricultural sector after the implementation of Qanun Number 11 of 2018 about LKS in Aceh with soft systems methodology (SSM) approach. This study has resulted a conceptual model of the Islamic financing strategy for the agricultural sector in Aceh Province. Based on the results of the review of the conceptual framework using the SSM approach, strategies that can be performed for implementation of Islamic agricultural finance are the Islamic financial product strategy, Islamic agricultural financing institutional strategy, local and central government communication strategies, and human resource development strategy. This study recommends that the Government of Aceh needs to prepare regulatory policies, Islamic financial product schemes, and institutions in strengthening the implementation of Islamic financing based on the agricultural sector in Aceh.
 
 Keywords: islamic financing, agriculture, soft systems methodology, Qanun LKS

Strategy of Local Government in Increasing The Number of Tourists on Bawean Island

Bawean Island has many locations with natural objects with beautiful views. beautiful natural objects are a potential that can attract tourism visits. However, this beautiful natural object has not been maximized, the number of tourists who come to Bawean Island is still less than some other areas in Indonesia. There are several aspects that can attract tourists, including tourist attractions, infrastructure, accessibility, institutions, participation, and hospitality. Therefore it is important for the government to make policies and regulations to assist stakeholders in realizing all aspects of supporting tourism with the aim of increasing the number of tourists on the island of Bawean. While the type of research used in this research is a case study. Case Studies are qualitative strategy in which the researcher explores in depth a program, event, activity, process, or one or more individuals. What is done in this research is to collect and analyze data on regulations and government policies related to tourism, especially from the number of tourist visits. It is hoped that this research will benefit from knowing what policies and plans can be developed in the future to develop the number of tourist visits on the Bawean Island.

Local conditions for the decentralization of energy systems

ABSTRACT Local energy systems (LES) are designed to decarbonize, balance, and coordinate supply, storage and demand resources. Which local conditions enable LES to flourish? Using a unique dataset of 146 LES projects in the UK from 2010 to 2020, we apply econometric methods to identify energy, institutional and socio-economic conditions significantly associated with LES, but not other local energy forms. We show distributed power generation, low-carbon infrastructure firm activity, local government strategy and active energy efficiency markets are enablers of LES involving multiple actors, sectors and skill sets. These conditions describe a clear policy agenda for stimulating and supporting emerging local energy markets.

Local Government Strategies in Improving the Quality of Public Services in Muara Ponaq Village Office, Siluq Ngurai District, Kutai Barat

The main problem of this research is the strategy of the Local Government in Improving Public Services in Siluq Ngurai District, West Kutai Regency. The sub-problems are 1) the Local Government's Strategy for Improving the Quality of Public Services in Siluq Ngurai District, West Kutai Regency, and 2) the Supporting and Inhibiting Factors of the Local Government in Public Services in Siluq Ngurai District, West Kutai Regency. The research design is classified as a qualitative descriptive study with a management approach. The data sources used are primary and secondary. The data was collected by using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, presentation, comparative analysis, and conclusion. The results showed that the local government's efforts in improving the quality of public services at the Muara Ponaq office, Siluq Ngurai District, West Kutai Regency, included adjusting to the Muara Ponaq village regulation concerning the Medium Term Development Plan (RPJM Desa) 2016- 2022 CHAPTER V and trying to meet the quality dimensions services at the Muara Ponaq local government, which is a servant of the Muara Ponaq community, in particular, continues to strive to improve the welfare of the community from all aspects, one of which is the religious/spiritual aspects of the community. The supporting factors of the local government in improving the quality of public services at the Muara Ponaq government office, Siluq Ngurai District, and West Kutai Regency are the professional work of the staff, cohesiveness between government members, and the completeness of equipment in the local government office. The inhibiting factor for the local government in improving public services at the Muara Ponaq office, Siluq Ngurai District, and West Kutai Regency is assistance to the community, which is limited in number, and employee salaries which are obtained every six months. The implications of this research are delivered to the local government in carrying out its duties as a public service to maintain professionalism and carry out the rules that have been set to improve public services and welfare. With some obstacles in serving the community, it is hoped that the local government can deal with them and find a way to answer society's challenges.

Can Fiscal Recentralization Strengthen Local Government? The Case of Thailand

ABSTRACT Thailand in 2018 became the latest developing country to impose mandatory rules on its fiscal policy that included a national limit on the accumulation of public debt and direct control of local government budgets. Such fiscal recentralization is generally assumed in the literature on multi-level finance to weaken local economic, fiscal, and policy conditions. Yet a newer emphasis in this literature asserts the potential value of central governments in steering and constraining local governments through public finance. Such central steering may strengthen rather than weaken local governments via fiscal, economic, and policy conditions. In this paper, we use the emergent theory of pro-local fiscal recentralization to examine the initial evidence, as well as the emergent opportunities, for local governments in Thailand. We find grounds for optimism that fiscal recentralization will have positive effects, and identify strategies for local governments to optimize those effects. We conclude with recommendations for research and practice on fiscal recentralization in other developing country contexts.

Governing diversity: a comparative analysis of pragmatic diversity regimes in city centres

ABSTRACT This article examines how cultural diversity is incorporated into processes of urban renewal, creating images of the city, and considering local governance actors and strategies. It adopts the concept of diversity regimes to compare the two major cities in Portugal. The two cases studied here demonstrate the multiplicity of strategies employed to accommodate immigration and cultural diversity in local political action, but where city policy is in both cases aimed at the integration of migrants. The comparison of differentiated agency levels of local policy reveals distinct positions and models of intervention. These result from differences in the number of migrants, institutional settings and how the discourse of diversity does or does not incorporate narratives of territorial development and images of the city. We argue that what is relevant is the interplay between how governance networks are structured and participated in by migrants and how diversity discourse is incorporated (or not) into territorial development narratives. Both are part of new models of urban governance where the language of diversity and the symbolic arrangements to which it gives rise do not constitute a migration policy but rather a set of representational techniques for the creation of urban imaginaries.

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Land Surface Temperature and Vegetation Changes in Duhok District, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

The temperature rise has become a serious environmental concern affected by both human and natural factors. Worldwide, rising land surface temperatures have emerged as the most pressing issue facing the twenty-first century. In the last two decades, a curious change was realized in temperature in the Duhok district of Iraq. Hence, this study examined the spatiotemporal land surface temperature distribution and Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI2) and the correlation between them in the Duhok district in three different years 2001, 2011, and 2021 using Landsat satellite images. Air temperature data from seven weather stations were used to validate the land surface temperature results. The study's findings revealed that the Duhok district’s LST has risen during the study period. In general, the average land surface temperature has been increasing at a rate of 0.15 °C per year. Other findings showed that the vegetation cover of the Duhok district has changed dynamically. In all three years of study, the regression analysis results indicated that there was a negative correlation between LST and MSAVI2. This method of evaluation will be useful in guiding future urban management work and local government strategies.

Effects of Subsidy Cancellations on Investment Strategies of Local Governments and New Energy Vehicle Manufacturers: A Study Based on Differential Game

The intensity of China’s new energy vehicle (NEV) subsidies has gradually declined since 2017 and is expected to end in the next few years, thereby causing market fluctuations and affecting the investment strategies of both local governments and automotive enterprises. In order to examine the effects of a subsidy cancellation, this study introduced it as an external disturbance to establish a differential game model, in which a random arrival process is used to represent the occurrence of a cancellation. The model incorporated both decentralized and centralized modes at the pre- and post-subsidy cancellation stages. A numerical simulation showed that the investments of both parties, the market demand, and the system benefits in both modes would be lower when compared to the scenario in which the subsidy is not canceled, but continued. The performance of the centralized mode was superior to that of the decentralized one, implying that the centralized mode was capable of realizing Pareto optimality. A sensitivity analysis of the model’s parameters showed that the timing of the subsidy cancellation would not affect the investment levels of either party in either stage, but losses of market demand and system benefits would occur shortly after the cancellation and continue until stabilizing.

Advancing to full electrification of rideshare vehicles: Applying differentiated subsidy phase-out policies to plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and battery electric vehicles through an evolutionary game analysis

Environmental concerns and subsidy frauds over plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have drawn attention to the need for policy effectiveness of China's current new energy vehicle (NEV) subsidy phase-out scheme, which is uniformly applied to PHEVs and battery electric vehicles (BEVs). The necessity intensified following the latest announcements of municipal NEV mandates on commercial rideshare vehicles. To help alleviate this pressure, this study proposes a differentiated subsidy phase-out scheme for BEVs and PHEVs. Social, economic, and environmental impacts of this scheme were examined through a two-player evolutionary game relationship between local government and rideshare companies combined with verifications using numerical simulations. This study yielded the following notable results: (1) Under the current scheme, PHEVs are more cost-effective for companies, and the market share of PHEVs will rise throughout their evolution. (2) An adjustment factor above 0.023 applied to accelerate the phase-out of PHEVs and decelerate the phase-out of BEVs will be optimal for society. (3) Local government and company strategies are heavily affected by socioeconomic factors.

Exploring the role of environmental regulations in the production and diffusion of electric vehicles

Recently, the governments worldwide are focusing on the role of environmental regulation policies for promoting the vigorous development of electric vehicles (EVs). To this end, it is particularly important to explore the potential effect of environmental regulation policies after its promulgation on the production and diffusion of EVs. In this paper, a novel modeling approach based on the evolutionary game model and epidemic model is developed and used to reveal the production and diffusion of EVs at different stages. The simulation results show that the strategies of vehicle enterprises and local governments will gradually approach (1,0) in the early infancy; and the maximum diffusion of EVs in the market will not be presented at this stage. Research results also illustrate that all equilibrium point are the saddle points in the development stage, but the degree of EVs diffusion in the market is likely to be small. With the implementation of stricter environmental regulations at the mature stage, the figures of equilibrium points gather to (1,1). However, EVs will be been diffused over large areas in the market by implementing the medium levels of environmental regulations at the mature stage. These findings will help the Chinese government in applying differentiated environmental regulation standards to promote the production and diffusion of EVs at different stages.

Like the new and hate the old: The impact of fiscal decentralization on regional development strategy

This paper evaluates the impact of China’s fiscal decentralization reform, namely the “Province-Managing-County” (PMC) fiscal reform, on local governments’ regional development strategy using county-level data in China covering 2000 to 2013. Surprisingly, after implementing the PMC fiscal reform, local governments will adjust their strategy of supporting zombie firms and attracting new firms, indicating that fiscal decentralization has changed the regional development strategies of local governments. We perform a difference-in-differences (DID) analysis and find that the PMC fiscal reform materially induces an average rise of 0.131 in newly added firms, an average decline of 0.383 in zombie firms, and no significant change in other firms. There is a pronounced substitution effect between zombie firms and newly added firms. We also find evidence supporting this argument: the government’s subsidy, tax treatment, and financial support. Our study provides empirical evidence that local governments’ regional development strategies can be affected by fiscal decentralization.

A Study on Local Government Strategies in the 21st Century

A Study on Local Government Strategies in the 21st Century

A Multivariate Analysis of the Links between Transport Noncompliance and Financial Uncertainty in Times of COVID-19 Pandemics and War

Sanctions should improve business compliance and mitigate the risks of non-conformity. This premise motivated our research and led to very interesting results for the trinomen business performance—transport infrastructure and local development strategies—public control. We used a customized Brunswik lens model to illustrate the decision-making process based on the interactions between the analysis of sanctions in the transport sector and the projected financial judgement, as we have traditionally understood and experienced them. We clustered 186,671 cases of noncompliance sanctioned by the Romanian authorities and created a chromatic map with accents on the risks of nonconformities. We employed principal component analysis to find patterns and correlations between faulty behavior in transport activities and the evolution of financial indicators, such as exports and imports. The ROC curve was used to investigate the credibility of a possible connection between transport sanctions and the development of regional exports and imports. We found multiple challenges that interfere with the projection of a trustworthy financial judgement in transport and offer insights and recommendations for integrated local governance practices and strategies aimed at mitigating the risks of noncompliance and promoting sustainable development in transport.

Exploring Local Government Financing Strategies in China: A Capital Structure Perspective

This study analyzes how local governments use external financing instruments to adjust their capital structure. External financing instruments (public debt and public-private partnership [PPP]) have become critical options for most local governments to deal with budget constraints. We construct an indicator of the external financing ratio (EFR) to measure local governments’ dependency on external financing instruments. Based on the pecking order and tradeoff capital structure theories, we utilize city-level panel data in China between 2015 and 2019 to investigate the financing strategies of local governments. We report two main findings. First, the financing strategies of China’s local governments follow the pecking order theory. In other words, internal financing has priority over debt and then PPP. Second, consistent with the tradeoff theory, China’s local governments continuously adjust to a target EFR. In addition, compared with debt financing, the adjustment of PPP financing is relatively inelastic. Our study emphasizes the importance of public financial management reinforced by local governments to prevent fiscal risks in the context of intensified financial stress.

The Burden of Microplastics Pollution and Contending Policies and Regulations.

The relationship between humans and plastics has become intricate due to their versatile nature and low production cost. Plastics generation has surpassed that of other manufactured products, which, coupled with the prevailing poor waste management systems, makes it a serious problem for the terrestrial and aquatic environments as its final destination. Their extensive presence has continued to pose a significant threat, not only to the aquatic ecosystem but also to the approximately 3 billion people relying on it for their livelihood. Even more disturbing were the recent findings of these plastics in food and drinking water and the evidence of human exposure, the long-term health effects of which are largely unknown. This ubiquitous phenomenon has over time put plastics under critical observation, leading to the development of many local and international policies, resolutions, and directives aimed at addressing and reversing the menace. This review provided the first snapshot of the global and local governance strategies currently aimed at mitigating plastic pollution, their limitations, and future directions. The findings of the review revealed several aspects of microplastics (MPs) pollution to be overlooked in policy formulation, a laxity in policy implementation, and an apparent lack of indices to ascertain the impact of the regulations. Furthermore, there is currently no regulation on MPs contamination of food and drinking water and an apparent lack of funding for research into the health effects of plastics and their alternatives. This, therefore, necessitates the need for a well-coordinated approach at international and national levels to scale up these policies in all countries and translate them from paper to measurable, holistic, and realizable actions that will address all forms of plastic pollution.

Supervision for the Public Health Services for Older Adults Under the Background of Government Purchasing: An Evolutionary Game Analysis Framework.

As an important measure to involve services for older adults, the government procurement practices have become a key link for public health services. However, the information asymmetry between public health service purchasers and public health service undertakers triggers a supervision dilemma. Based on this background, this study uses the evolutionary game theory to analyze the symbiotic evolution between local governments and public health service institutions under different reward and punishment mechanisms, explore game evolution, strategy adjustment, and influencing factors of different game subjects, and analyze the necessity and appropriate intensity of dynamic rewards and punishment mechanisms. The results show that: under the static condition, the penalty can change the strategies of local governments to a certain extent, but it is still difficult to achieve complete self-discipline management of public health service institutions. If local governments implement a dynamic reward or penalty mechanism in the supervision process of public health services for older adults, the equilibrium between them tends to be evolutionary stable. For three dynamic mechanisms, a dynamic reward mechanism is more conducive to adopting a self-discipline behavior of public health service institutions, which is helpful to realize the supervision of public health services for older adults. Also, there is a positive correlation between the proportion of public health service institutions who adopt a “self-discipline behavior” strategy and the maximum punishment intensity, and a negative correlation with the reward intensity. This study provides theoretical and decision-making references for governments to explore the promotion and implementation of public health services in older adults.