Local Genotypes Research Articles

Investigation of Genetic Diversity and Classification of Aerobic and Local Rice Genotypes in Khuzestan Province

Investigation of Genetic Diversity and Classification of Aerobic and Local Rice Genotypes in Khuzestan Province

Systematic evaluation of TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction assays targeting the dsb and gltA loci of Ehrlichia canis in recombinant plasmids and naturally infected dogs.

Background and Aim:Because of the diversity of local genotypes of Ehrlichia canis, genes targeted by TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays should be systematically evaluated. This study evaluated the amplification efficiency, linearity, precision, and sensitivity of two TaqMan RT-PCR assays targeting the dsb and gltA loci of E. canis in recombinant plasmids and naturally infected dogs.Materials and Methods:Thirty blood samples were collected from dogs showing clinical signs of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis at the Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. The dsb and gltA genes were amplified by conventional PCRs (cPCRs) on the blood samples and were then sequenced. Meanwhile, RT-PCR was used to detect dsb and gltA genes in 10-fold dilutions of the recombinant plasmids.Results:Both dsb and gltA were amplified with a high degree of linearity (R2≥0.975 and 0.993, respectively) in all dilutions, although the mean percentage of relative standard deviation of gltA was lower, but the difference was non-significant. The detection limits of RT-PCR and cPCR were 10−7 and 10−6, respectively, for both loci. RT-PCR targeting dsb (22/30; 73.3%) and gltA (15/30; 50%) yielded a number of positive results that did not differ significantly (p=0.06). The RT-PCR positive results of the dsb gene (22/30) differed significantly from that of cPCR (11/30) (p=0.004). In contrast, the RT-PCR positive results of the gltA gene (15/30) did not differ significantly from that of cPCR (12/30) (p=0.43). The mean Ct value (30.2) based on dsb RT-PCR of 22 positive cases was higher than that of gltA RT-PCR (Ct=27.4) on 15 positive cases. The Ct values from dsb RT-PCR were >30 in all seven discordant samples that were not detected by the gltA RT-PCR.Conclusion:RT-PCR targeting the dsb gene was more sensitive for detecting E. canis in naturally infected dogs. This study suggested that TaqMan RT-PCR of the dsb gene should be selected for E. canis research in this region.

Morphological characteristics of local rice in Deli Serdang District, North Sumatra, Indonesia

Abstract. Chaniago N, Suliansyah I, Chaniago I, Rozen N. 2021. Morphological characteristics of local rice in Deli Serdang District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 883-894. The preservation of local rice is essential to preventing genetic drain. In Deli Serdang District, North Sumatra, Indonesia, local rice is in great abundance. A total of 23 Deli Serdang local rice were collected and studied from coastal to highland areas. This study aims to determine the morphological characteristics of 23 local rice genotypes of Deli Serdang and to obtain superior characters to be developed into superior local varieties. A completely randomized design with three replicates was used in this study. Morphological characteristics of 23 local rice genotypes obtained various characters. The culm length was short to very long; culm diameter was thin to thick; the leaf-blade length was long to very long; leaf-blade width was intermediate to broad; culm number was low to high. The auricle, ligule, and collar were almost completely whitish, except for Sijambi yellowish-green and green, 2-cleft acute ligule shape. The harvest age was medium to deep. The grains were white, straw, gold, brown, brown spots, brown lines, and black. The pericarps were white, light brown, red, and black. Most of the organs indicated broad genetic variability having the opportunity to be developed into superior local varieties. All local rice was scattered into five groups based on morphological markers with a similarity of 32.12%.

Effects of primary seed dormancy on lifetime fitness of Arabidopsis thaliana in the field

Background and AimsSeed dormancy determines the environmental niche of plants in seasonal environments, and has consequences for plant performance that potentially go far beyond the seed and seedling stages. In this study, we examined the cascading effects of seed dormancy on the expression of subsequent life-history traits and fitness in the annual herb Arabidopsis thaliana.MethodsWe planted seeds of >200 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between two locally adapted populations (Italy and Sweden), and both parental genotypes at the native site of the Swedish population in three consecutive years. We quantified the relationship between primary seed dormancy and the expression of subsequent life-history traits and fitness in the RIL population with path analysis. To examine the effects of differences in dormancy on the relative fitness of the two parental genotypes, we planted dormant seeds during the seed dispersal period and non-dormant seeds during the germination period of the local population.Key ResultsIn the RIL population, strong primary dormancy was associated with high seedling survival, but with low adult survival and fecundity, and path analysis indicated that this could be explained by effects on germination timing, rosette size and flowering start. The relationship between primary seed dormancy and germination proportion varied among years, and this was associated with differences in seasonal changes in soil moisture. The planting of dormant and non-dormant seeds indicated that the lower primary dormancy of the local Swedish genotype contributed to its higher germination proportion in two years and to its higher fecundity in one year.ConclusionsOur results show that seed dormancy affects trait expression and fitness components across the life cycle, and suggest that among-year variation in the incidence of drought during the germination period should be considered when predicting the consequences of climatic change for population growth and evolution.

Kazlarda Çevresel Zenginleştirmenin Büyüme Üzerine Etkilerinin Bazı Modellerle Karşılaştırılması

The aim ofthe present study is to determine the time-dependent changes in the live weights of the geese, for which environmental enrichment was applied (Turkish local goose genotype), between the days 7 and 98. For this purpose, nonlinear Brody, Gompertz, Logistic, von Bertalanffy, and Richards growth models, which are used commonly, were used to determine the growth and development of poultry. Geese were divided into 3 groups (control group (C), broom group (B), mirror group (M)) based on their enrichment characteristics. The success status of the models applied in the present study was assessed based on error mean square (EMS) and coefficient of determination (R2) values. It was found thatR2 value was be 96.86 in the Logistic model, 96.82 in Brody model, 96.16 in vonBertalanffy model,95.04 in Gompertz model and 93.85 in Richards model, respectively, and EMS value was 0.2368 in Logistic model, 0.2004in Brody model, 0.1992 in von Bertalanffy model, 0.3567 in Gompertz model and 0.3711 in Richards model, respectively. As a result, it was concluded that the most suitable models with high coefficient of determination but low error mean square were Brody,Gompertz, and von Bertalanffy models, respectively, in determining the time-dependent live weight change in the geese (Turkish local goose genotype), for which environmental enrichment was applied, and it was suitable to use these three models in determining the effect of environmental enrichment on live weight.

Seed Priming of Bread Wheat Varieties with Growth Regulators and Nutrients Improves Salt Stress Tolerance Particularly for the Local Genotype

Seed Priming of Bread Wheat Varieties with Growth Regulators and Nutrients Improves Salt Stress Tolerance Particularly for the Local Genotype

Breeding improvement of fennel genotypes of different origins (Foeniculum vulgare L.) using morphological and yield parameters

Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) is a reputed spice plant and is used as an industrial medicinal plant due to its pharmaceutical and food applications, exhibiting a wide array of genetic variations depending on morphological and yield properties. Along with the current study, thirty-two different fennel genotypes and five local genotypes from Turkey were used to determine the morphological and yield properties in 2017 and 2018. A wide range of variation in plant height (39.22-129.60 cm), 1000 fruit yield (1.92-7.70 g), and fruit yield (0.12-8.68 g) was observed. As deduced from previous reports and from the current findings of the study, those relevant parameters could be considered for breeding purposes. To visualize or clarify the findings, a dendrogram was constructed to reveal the genetic variability regarding the morphological and yield properties of fennel genotypes. The dendrogram revealed that genotypes of different origins occurred in different groups, but local genotypes collected from Turkey occurred in the same group and subgroup. Additionally, correlation analysis was carried out to reveal the relationships between the relevant agronomic parameters. Of those correlation coefficients, a high correlation coefficient was noted between the number of fruits and fruit yield (r=0.849). Overall, the findings of the study revealed notable genetic variation related to fruit yield and other relevant agronomic traits for fennel genotypes, suggesting that this remarkable variation might be used for selecting superior genotypes in breeding programs. Of the genotypes analyzed, Ames30289 was the best genotype due to the highest fruit yield according to two successive years. Consequently, the findings can be considered useful information for fennel breeders, researchers and farmers in Turkey or other countries.

Collection of local Kyrgyzstan Melon genotypes and determination of morphologicalrelationships between some Anatolian Melons

Collection, characterization, and protection of genetic resources are among the high-priority issues of increasing importance throughout the world, especially for the breeding and release of novel cultivars. To understand and describe the characteristics of germplasm, the morphological status of genetic resources must accurately represent their agricultural applications. In this study, the genotypes of melon in Kyrgyzstan were collected by visiting several regions and contacting farmers. The genetic diversity of 35 Kyrgyz and 13 Turkish melon accessions was characterized based on the corresponding phenotypes. The morphological characterizations were largely based on the IPGR and, to some extent, UPOV standards. The genotypes from the collections of both countries were separated into three main clusters using the ward method. It was demonstrated that among the 40 morphological parameters, the fruit-related characteristics contributed most significantly to the separation of genotypes in the PCA analysis, and the results of the PCA analysis also validated the cluster analysis. According to the squared eigenvalues, the accessions Kg-G and C-09 were observed to be the closest related genotypes, whereas the accessions Kav-3 and YYU-13 were the most distantly related. Accessions YYÜ-22, C-02, and C-03 were observed to have the heaviest fruits, Manas-6 and Os-02 were observed to have the highest fruit flesh thickness, and C-08 was determined to have the highest SSC contents among all the accessions. It was observed that the characteristics of melon fruits from both countries differed significantly.

Morphological, sensory and biochemical characteristics of summer apple genotypes.

Summer apples are one of the most important plant community in Artvin province located Northeastern part of Turkey. In present study 22 local apple genotypes were characterized by phenological, morphological, biochemical and sensory properties. Harvest date was the main phenological data. Morphological measurements included fruit weight, fruit shape, fruit ground color, fruit over color, fruit over color coverage and fruit firmness, respectively. Sensory measurements were as juiciness and aroma and biochemical characteristics included organic acids, SSC (Soluble Solid Content), vitamin C, total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. Genotypes exhibited variable harvest dates ranging from 11 July to 13 August and cv. Summered harvested 30 July 2017. The majority of genotypes were harvested before cv. Summered. Fruit weight were also quite variable among genotypes which found to be between 89 g and 132 g, and most of the genotypes had bigger fruits than cv. Summered. Pink, red, yellow and green fruit skin color was evident and main fruit shape were determined as round, conic and oblate among genotypes. ART08-9, ART08-4, ART08-21 and ART08-22 had distinct bigger fruits and ART08-1, ART08-2, ART08-5, ART08-12 and ART08-17 had higher total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity. The results of the study showed significant differences for most of the phenological, morphological, sensory and biochemical characteristics. Thus, the phonological, morphological, sensory and biochemical characteristics of summer apple genotypes were distinguishable and these results suggest that phonological, morphological, sensory and biochemical differences of the summer apple genotypes can be attributed to differences in genetic background of genotypes which placed different groups by PCoA analysis.

EVALUATION AND GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS OF LOCAL MANGO GERMPLASM

The experiment was conducted during 2019-2021 at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Akbarpur, Moulvibazar, Bangladesh with twenty-three local mango genotypes to assess the performance and genetic divergence for the identification of suitable parents for the futute breeding program. . Wide variations were observed regarding the number of fruits/plant, fruit weight, percent of edible portion, and TSS of different germplasms. The highest number of fruit per plant (610) was observed in MIAkb001, highest individual fruit weight /plant (759.7g) was obtained from MIAkb015. The higher fruit yield was recorded from MIAkb001 (162.07kg). The percent of the edible portion was higher in MIAkb014 (65.71%) whereas maximum TSS (18%) was obtained from MIAkb007 andMIAkb015 respectively. The genetic divergence was assessed in 23 mango genotypes through multivariate analysis. The genotypes under this study were grouped into five clusters and the diversity was influenced by the morphological characters. The highest number (8) of genotypes were in cluster-I and the lowest (1) number of the genotype was in cluster-III. From the PCA we found, the number of fruits per plant (FNPP), fruits yield per plant (FYPP), and individual fruit weight were positive across the two axes, and these were the main traits for genetic divergence.

Native Rhizobia Isolates Across Semiarid Regions of Kenya Exhibit Diverse Profiles and Nitrogen-Fixing Capabilities in Nodulating Local Cowpeas Genotypes

Native Rhizobia Isolates Across Semiarid Regions of Kenya Exhibit Diverse Profiles and Nitrogen-Fixing Capabilities in Nodulating Local Cowpeas Genotypes

Characterization of some local pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes for agro-morphologicaltraits and mineral concentrations

The aim of the present study is to evaluate diversity among the Turkish local pea germplasm for mineral concentrations and agro-morphological traits for breeding programs. The experiment was conducted during 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 and arranged according to an augmented block design with 40 local genotypes and two standard check cultivars (Carina and Jof). Seed yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with branches per plant, pods per plant, seeds per pod, harvest index, and 100-seed weight. The first three principal components (PC1) for agro-morphological traits accounted for 76.3% of the total variation. The principal first component was positively correlated with harvest index, seeds per pod, seed yield per plant and negatively correlated with first podding height and plant height. The PC2 was positively related to plant height, first podding height, branches per plant, pods per plant, seed yield per plant, 100-seed weight. Principal components analysis for mineral contents revealed that first three component accounted for 69.6% of total variability which was observed among the genotypes. PC1 was positively associated with protein, Cu, Zn, K, Mg, and P. PC2 was positively correlated with Mn and Ca, but negatively correlated with K. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that genotypes were grouped into 5 main clusters for agro-morphological traits and mineral concentrations. The present study revealed that wide genetic variability among the various genotypes for these traits from different clusters can be exploited for selection or hybridization programs to improve with high-seed yielding pea genotypes.

Improvement of frost tolerance in tomato by foliar application of potassium sulphate

The study aimed to determine the mean low-temperature exotherms (LTE) of the shoot tip of the Ömür F1, Cuma F1, Safir F1, VT-1770, Elibol F1, and Adelya F1 tomato cultivars and Yerli-14 and Yerli-24 local tomato genotypes. Moreover, this investigation intended to specify the most effective dose of potassium sulfate with its efficacy time by applying four different doses of potassium sulfate (K2SO4) foliar fertilizer on the most and least tolerant cultivar. The mean LTE of the shoot tip of seedlings was determined by using differential thermal analysis (DTA). In the second part of the study, 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% dosage of K2SO4 foliar fertilizer were applied on the least and most tolerant cultivars with the intent of identifying the most effective dose increasing frost tolerance. It was also stated how long the ideal fertilizer dosage would be effective. DTA method may be effectively used in the determination of frost tolerance in tomatoes. VT-1770 was found the most tolerant cultivar while Safir F1 was the least tolerant. In the study, 1% fertilizer dose was found the most effective dose among the 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% studied doses of K2SO4 foliar fertilizer after applying on Safir F1 and VT-1770 tomato seedlings. The dose of 1% K2SO4 fertilizer offered considerable frost resistance after 24 and 72 h later while slightly losing its efficacy after 120 h later as compared to each other after 1% application of fertilizer dose applied on Safir F1 and VT-1770 tomato seedlings. Present study revealed that the foliar application of K could be applied to enhancing frost tolerance in tomatoes.

Identification of methods of extraction and conservation of seeds of traditional genotypes of aubergine (Solanum melongena L.) in El Retiro de los Indios, Córdoba, Colombia

Eggplant is a traditional crop in the department of Córdoba. One of the main producing regions is the population of El Retiro de los Indios, which supplies local genotype fruits both to local markets and to the Colombian Atlantic coast. In order to find out which are the main genotypes sown by farmers and how they obtain and preserve their seeds, a sample of 65 traditional farmers was taken from said population, who were given a descriptive personal survey with open response. It was established that 76% of the farmers sow the "Morada" genotype, 11% sow the "Lila" genotype, 8% sow the “Verde” genotype, 3% sow the “Picha de perro” genotype, and 2% sow the "Blanca de huevo" genotype. Regarding the obtaining, extraction and storage of seeds, all of the surveyed producers obtain the seeds of their own crops, extract them by the method of softening by rubbing the fruits on the ground, and keep them in glass bottles at which they add a tablespoon of ash.

Comparison of Behavioral Time Budget and Welfare Indicators in Two Local Laying Hen Genotypes (Atak-S and Atabey) in a Free-Range System.

Simple SummaryIt is known that laying hens kept in cage systems without access to enrichment have more welfare and behavioral problems. Therefore, alternative systems for egg production have gained popularity, e.g., free-range and organic systems, as they improve the birds’ possibilities to perform important specific behavior and thereby increase the welfare conditions in commercial farms. This study aimed to compare of the behaviors and welfare of two layer genotypes used in Turkey, Atak-S (brown) and Atabey (white), in a free-range system from 19 to 72 weeks of age. We evaluated multiple welfare indicators, including behavioral time budget, fear level, plumage condition, keel bone damage, and other body lesions. The birds were scored at 24, 40, 56, and 72 weeks of age. The Atabey hens showed more preening, walking–standing, and resting behavior, and they had a longer duration of tonic immobility. The Atak-S hens tended to perform more feather pecking and explorative pecking, and they had more foot lesions, plumage damage, skin injuries, and keel bone damages. Current results can be beneficial for the choice of genotype to use in free-range systems.Free-range systems are considered to improve bird health and welfare, thereby satisfying consumer demands. Behavioral time budget, fear level and clinical welfare indicators were compared for two Turkish laying hen genotypes, Atak-S (brown) and Atabey (white), reared in a free-range system. A total of 420 laying hens (210 Atak-S, 210 Atabey) were studied between 19 and 72 weeks of age. Higher percentages of eating and drinking behavior, feather pecking, and explorative pecking were observed for Atak-S hens, whereas Atabey hens were preening, walking–standing, and resting more. The duration of tonic immobility was longer, and the number of inductions was lower in Atabey compared with Atak-S hens. Atabey hens had less keel bone damages and better plumage conditions on the breast, wing, and tail at 56 and 72 weeks of age than Atak-S hens. Footpad dermatitis was more common in Atabey hens at 40 weeks, whereas Atak-S hens had a higher prevalence of footpad dermatitis with moderate lesions at 72 weeks of age. These findings indicate that free-range Atak-S hens may be more prone to keel bone damage and development of feather pecking, but they showed less foot lesions and were less fearful.

Ecological Adaptability of Some Cultivars and Breeding Samples of Origanum vulgare L.

Since the registry of common oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) cultivars does not involve regionalization, a comprehensive study of cultivars bred by different institutions in the intended cultivation region is valuable and relevant. The objective of the research was to assess the possibility of using various indices of ecological adaptability originally developed for grain crops for their use in the most adapted genotypes’ selection (breeding samples and cultivars) of Origanum vulgare L. to the temperate climate of the Crimean Peninsula. The research was carried out in the piedmont zone of Crimea from 2016 to 2019. The study material consisted of breeding samples No. 10 and No. 82 from the collection of FSBSI “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, as well as cultivars Zima, Raduga, and Slavnitsa selected by the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (ARSRIMAP). Genotype had the greatest influence on yield of fresh oregano material (43%) with the influence of the weather conditions of the year being 2%. On the contrary, meteorological conditions had a much greater effect on the essential oil accumulation and its areal yield, which were 30% and 25%, respectively. In terms of the coefficient of ecological variation of fresh yield, sample No. 82 and Slavnitsa cultivar were the best (11.47–16.7%). The local genotypes No. 10 and No. 82 varied less by the essential oil content and its yield. The genotype effect value was greater than 0 in the Raduga cultivar and local genotype No. 82 for the yield, but only in No. 82 genotype for the other two characteristics. Cultivars Zima and Raduga were classified as intensive (bi > 1) by the environmental flexibility of fresh yield, while local genotype No. 82 and Slavnitsa cultivar formed the group of intensive ones by essential oil content and essential oil yield. Local genotypes No. 10 and No. 82 were better than the introduced cultivars in terms of essential oil content homeostability and essential oil yield (Hom = 1.91–2.18). Thus, local genotypes proved to be more adapted to the region’s conditions in terms of essential oil accumulation. However, they were inferior to the registered cultivars of ARSRIMAP breeding in terms of fresh yield.

Conditional prediction of consecutive tumor evolution using cancer progression models: What genotype comes next?

Accurate prediction of tumor progression is key for adaptive therapy and precision medicine. Cancer progression models (CPMs) can be used to infer dependencies in mutation accumulation from cross-sectional data and provide predictions of tumor progression paths. However, their performance when predicting complete evolutionary trajectories is limited by violations of assumptions and the size of available data sets. Instead of predicting full tumor progression paths, here we focus on short-term predictions, more relevant for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. We examine whether five distinct CPMs can be used to answer the question "Given that a genotype with n mutations has been observed, what genotype with n + 1 mutations is next in the path of tumor progression?" or, shortly, "What genotype comes next?". Using simulated data we find that under specific combinations of genotype and fitness landscape characteristics CPMs can provide predictions of short-term evolution that closely match the true probabilities, and that some genotype characteristics can be much more relevant than global features. Application of these methods to 25 cancer data sets shows that their use is hampered by a lack of information needed to make principled decisions about method choice. Fruitful use of these methods for short-term predictions requires adapting method's use to local genotype characteristics and obtaining reliable indicators of performance; it will also be necessary to clarify the interpretation of the method's results when key assumptions do not hold.

Phylogeographic Structure of Kars Emmer Wheat (Triticum dicoccum Schrank ex Schübl) in Turkey Explained by SSR Markers

Turkey has a role in the distribution of many plants across continents and it is the main center of wheat. Due to its climatic characteristics and geostrategic importance, Turkey also has important genetic resources for the cultivation and development for many local wheat varieties. Therefore, it is important to determine local wheat genotypes that can adapt to different ecological conditions in Turkey and define ones having high performance in terms of efficiency and quality characteristics to make them useful. Emmer wheat which is grown in and around Kars City in northeastern Anatolia region is seen as valuable. In the present study, the phylogeographic structure analyses of 10 emmer (Triticum dicoccum Schrank) wheat populations and 2 populations of cultivated wheat (Triticum aestivum) obtained from Kars region were made by Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR). Within the scope of the study, Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA), phylogenetic analysis, and genetic-geographic distance analysis were performed. 3 main groups of differentiation at the populations were supported by PCoA and phylogenetic analyses. The comparison between geographic and genetic distance matrices for all genotypes revealed a statistically negative correlation (R2=0.04). Emmer wheat is an important local genetic resource and the cultivation area in agriculture should be expanded and used in breeding studies. In addition, it has been determined that SSR markers can give more comprehensive results with higher numbers in wheat genotyping studies.

A Preliminary Study on Some Fruit Characteristics of Local Apple Genotypes Selected from Sinop and Kastamonu Provinces

Bu çalışma 2015 yılında Sinop ili Erfelek ilçesi ve Kastamonu ili merkez ilçesinde yetiştirilen yerel elma genotiplerinin çiçeklenme ve hasat tarihleri ile bazı meyve özeliklerinin belirlenmesi amacı ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada meyve ağırlığı, meyve boyu ve eni, şekil indeksi, meyve sap uzunluğu ve kalınlığı, suda çözünebilir kuru madde miktarı ve titre edilebilir asit miktarı incelenmiştir. Elma genotiplerinin hasat tarihi Temmuz-Ekim ayları arasında dağılım göstermiştir. İncelenen elma genotiplerinde meyve ağırlıkları 59,3-220,8 g, meyve boyu 48,3-67,3 mm, meyve eni 50,4-85,0 mm, meyve sap uzunluğu 7,9-17,5 mm, meyve sap kalınlığı ise 1,7-3,7 mm, suda çözünebilir kuru madde miktarı %12,0-16,20, titre edilebilir asit içeriği %0,25-0,60, arasında değişim göstermiştir. Bu genotiplerden 9 adedinde periyodisite görülmemiştir.

Genetic diversity and population structure of apple germplasm from Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey by SSRs

Turkey has a diverse apple germplasm and Northeastern Anatolia had great contributions to domestication of the Malus genus. Despite quite high rainfall (900–2300 mm) and humidity (70–85%) levels, several local apple cultivars have been successfully grown for centuries at the coastal zone of Eastern Black Sea region of Northeastern Anatolia without any pesticide applications. In this study, a set of 206 local genotypes, including 6 international cultivars as references was analyzed using 13 SSR primers with the aim of assessing the genetic diversity and population structure among the genotypes. Bayesian genetic structure analysis was used to reveal differentiation of the groups and the results were confirmed by factorial correspondence analysis (FCA). A total of 234 alleles (average 18) were generated by 13 SSR markers. CH02c06 was the most informative (PI: 0.017) and CH03g07 was the least informative (PI: 0.07) locus. The average He was 0.859 with a range of 0.775–0.929 and the average Ho was 0.760 with a range of 0.556–0.872. Considerable genetic variation was detected among the genotypes and genetic similarity varied between 11 and 96%. A Bayesian genetic structure analysis indicated three subpopulations (K) and admixture among the accessions. Several loci yielded three alleles in 39 accessions. No synonyms or identical cultivars were detected but several genotypes known by the same names formed 22 homonym groups. The present SSR data will have great contributions to future germplasm management efforts as well as to further comparative studies that investigate genetic relationships among the local apples of Northeastern Anatolia.