Local Entrepreneurs Research Articles

Empowering Community through Innovation and Marketing Strategy for Candied Nutmeg Products: A Case Study in Negeri Ureng

This scientific article presents a case study on the implementation of Real Work Lectures (KKN) in Negeri Ureng, focusing on the innovation and marketing strategy for candied nutmeg products. The goal of this study was to foster empathy and a sense of concern for community issues while promoting the marketability of nutmeg shells through innovative product development. The research employed direct observation methods, particularly in the production of candied nutmeg, involving the local community members who were interested in initiating or expanding their businesses. The results showed that the project provided valuable insights, knowledge, and skills in product innovation using available natural resources in the Ureng Village. Additionally, it assisted local entrepreneurs in enhancing the packaging and branding of their food products to attract consumers. Furthermore, the project facilitated the process of obtaining trading permits, enabling the businesses to gain recognition across various segments of society. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of appropriate marketing strategies to expedite the sale of locally produced nutmeg-based products.Highlight:
 
 Innovation and marketability: Promoting the innovative use of nutmeg shells and developing marketable candied nutmeg products.
 Strategic marketing and packaging: Implementing effective marketing strategies and innovative packaging to enhance sales and expand market reach.
 Community empowerment: Empowering local producers through fair pricing, facilitating quick sales of processed nutmeg products, and supporting business permit acquisition.
 
 Keyword:KKN Implementation, Candied Nutmeg Products, Innovation, Marketing Strategy, Community Empowerment.

Modeling Perception Entrepreneurship in the Covid-19 Era

Purpose. The objective of this study is to study the literature related to social entrepreneurship published from 2020 to 2023 in order to model its theoretical dimensions in factors. Theoretical framework. Based on the theory of social entrepreneurship, which maintains that in the face of economic crises, communities disseminate information for economic cooperation, its opportunity dimensions are modeled: economic, political, social, financial, and environmental. Method. An exploratory, cross-sectional, psychometric and correlational study was carried out with a sample of 100 microentrepreneurs from a town in central Mexico selected for their participation in the local entrepreneurship and development system called magical towns. Practical and social implications. The established factorial model will make it possible to delimit local microfinancing policies for microenterprises. Originality. The value of the study lies in establishing the validity and reliability of an instrument that measures social entrepreneurship in the face of the pandemic.

Traditional Food Entrepreneurs in Sabah and Selangor States: A qualitative perspective

This study aimed to explore local entrepreneurs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sabah and Selangor states. Twenty participants from the selected business categories were identified and interviewed using a semi-structured question. Two themes: Food category (coded: categories of food; type of food) and Business criteria (coded: experience, customer, type of business). Entrepreneurs from both states adapt to the changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic by implementing new methods to sustain their business, customer, and type of business. The concerned entrepreneurs must adapt to the changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic by implementing new methods to sustain their business life.

Stakeholder Perceptions of Landscape Justice in the Case of Atlantic Salmon Fishing in Northern Finland

Atlantic salmon fishing in northern Fennoscandia is part of controversial ecological, sociocultural, legal, and political questions. This paper presents a study of landscape justice as perceived by stakeholders who practice, manage, and govern traditional, household, and recreational salmon fishing on northern Finland’s border rivers, Tornio (Torne) and Teno (Tana). The concept of landscape justice is analysed through the lens of distributive, substantive, procedural, and recognition forms of justice. The data are based on semi-structured stakeholder interviews (N = 15). A qualitative content analysis of the data based on the forms of justice reveals that salmon are associated with diverse environmental, economic, and sociocultural values of the landscape. The study results show the current state governance mode of salmon fishing causes landscape injustice manifesting, in particular, as an unequal distribution of risks and benefits regarding fishing governance and its challenges. There is unclear legislation for Tornio. Landscape justice is violated by regulations causing unclear case law for Teno on the ownership of land or water and related fishing restrictions, as well as a lack of possibilities for local tourist entrepreneurs and household fishermen to participate in decision making. Governmental decisions are mainly based on the overall ecological status of salmon populations at the expense of local variations or the recognition and systemic evaluation of sociocultural and local economic values of the landscape. The results indicate a need for national and cross-border policy decisions to include sociocultural and economic aspects of Atlantic salmon fishing to guide movement towards more just environmental governance.

Diffusion of global climate policy: National depoliticization, local repoliticization in Turkey

Although climate policy diffusion is widely studied, we know comparatively little about how these global policies and the norms that surround them are used by various political actors seeking to advance their own agendas. In this article, we focus on how global climate norms are diffused differently at national and local scales and used to repoliticize or depoliticize climate change. We focus on the case of Turkey, which carries the stark contrast of showing willingness to achieve global climate goals in the international arena but less so in domestic politics and actions. The article employs a novel methodological approach, using topic modeling and network analyses on a range of climate change–related policy documents, and interviews with high-level officers, conducted at the three jurisdictional levels in Turkey. The findings reveal that although global climate policy is diffused to both national and local governments, it is used in different ways at these levels. The national government uses climate policy diffusion to depoliticize climate change by creating ad hoc climate coalitions and limiting local climate actions to seeking external climate-related funds. Meanwhile, the metropolitan municipalities replicate nationally adopted climate goals, whereas the district municipalities domesticate ambitious climate norms and repoliticize climate change via local climate entrepreneurs and civic action. The paper contributes to understanding how climate policy diffusion and norm domestication can have different political outcomes in achieving global climate goals and argues for increased policy attention to the strategic use of climate policy diffusion for the depoliticization of climate change.

Wormwood, nomads’ rights, and capitalism: the birth of a chemical industry in Russian Turkestan (1870s–1914)

AbstractA variety of wormwood, Artemisia cina, once grew abundantly in the Syr-Darya province of Russian Turkestan. Santonin, a drug derived from it, was in high demand. Flowers harvested by Kazakhs were handed over to intermediaries to be processed in Europe, but from the 1880s entrepreneurs from different parts of the Russian empire established their own chemical plants in Chimkent and Tashkent. They pressured the Russian imperial government to restrict the rights of the Kazakhs on land where Artemisia cina grew, and grant them the exclusive right to exploit this resource. These entrepreneurs used conservationist arguments and advocated a ‘cultured’ approach to the management of natural resources located on supposedly ‘State land’. These attempts collided with the usage rights of the Kazakhs, as defined by Turkestan’s governing Statute. By shifting the argument to the political, rather than legal, level, the industrialists eventually gained a monopoly to the exclusion of local entrepreneurs and even assumed State-like functions. This article reconstructs this controversy and allows a glimpse into the evolving claims to natural resources in the ‘periphery’ by both Tsarist colonial power and the Kazakhs themselves. The article also explores the features of autochthonous and Russian entrepreneurship and situates Turkestan in a web of trade connections to the global pharmaceutical industry.

Entrepreneurship in Conflict Area: Etic Study on Swamp Buffalo Bredeer in South Kalimantan Province

Conflicts that occur in oil palm plantations do not always have a negative impact, but there are also positive sides as driving factors for change. The research aims to analyze the positive impact of conflict on the rise of local entrepreneurs and the supporting factors for building businesses in swamp buffalo farming communities in South Kalimantan Province. The rise of local entrepreneurs in swamp buffalo farmers not only contributed to the turning of the wheels of the rural economy but also contributed to the study of social sciences. The research was conducted by qualitative methods. The research sites are central villages of swamp buffalo farms in South Kalimantan Province, which have been entered by oil palm plantations. Interviews were conducted with farmers, formal and non-formal leaders, wholesaler, members of the police, members of NGOs, and other community members who had similar businesses. There were 84 people. Observations were made on the new business objects of the breeders. Document studies and audio-visual recordings are carried out related to the activities of breeders. Data analysis uses an ethical perspective so that an overview of entrepreneurship carried out by swamp buffalo breeders is obtained from the researcher's point of view. The results showed that there was a positive impact on conflict for swamp buffalo farmers, namely the development of the entrepreneurial spirit. This is shown by the development of natural sources of livelihood other than raising swamp buffalo, which are developed based on natural conditions so that sustainable businesses are formed. The development of entrepreneurial spirit is determined by internal factors, namely trade culture and the habit of managing a business independently; and external in the form of market certainty to accommodate farmers ' products. The conclusion is that swamp buffalo breeders can become local entrepreneurs. The implication is that there is an economic turnover in rural areas.

Under the Risk of COVID-19 Epidemic: A Study on the Influence of Life Attitudes, Leisure Sports Values, and Workplace Risk Perceptions on Urban Development and Public Well-Being

This study examined the impact of attitudes toward life, recreational sports values, and workplace risk perceptions on urban development and public well-being under the risk of the COVID-19 epidemic in China. A mixed-method research study was conducted, and 2400 valid questionnaires were collected via purposeful sampling. The questionnaires were analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 statistical software and validated with basic statistical methods and Pearson’s correlation analysis. Semi-structured interviews were then conducted to collect the opinions of 12 respondents on the questionnaire results, including academics, foreign entrepreneurs and employees, local entrepreneurs and employees, and official institutions. Finally, all the data collected were discussed via triangulation analysis. The survey found that different cities’ social and industrial development and job market needs lead to different attitudes toward life, leisure values, and perceptions of job-seeking and employment risks. The smoother a person’s growing-up background, the better their learning history, the better their learning and working experience, and the richer their life experience; consequently, positive attitudes toward life, correct leisure values, and positive attitudes toward job hunting and employment can be cultivated. In addition, people with positive attitudes toward life, leisure values, and job hunting and employment can improve their city’s economy and environment for sustainable development, thereby improving their quality of life and increasing their well-being.

Configuring the northern coast of Spain as a privileged tourist enclave: the cities of San Sebastián and Santander, 1902–1931

ABSTRACT This paper is a contribution to the international history of tourism concentrating on Spain and more precisely on the specific tourist region of the northern coast, the Cantabrian Cornice. The central-eastern sector of the northern Spanish coast, which followed a pattern somewhat similar to other European locales, notably Brighton and Biarritz, became an elite tourist area and one of the earliest tourist destinations in the country in the first third of the twentieth century. Although there were earlier precedents dating to the mid-nineteenth century, it was during the early twentieth century that tourist development in the cities of San Sebastián and Santander coalesced, creating an enticing and coherent leisure region. The most privileged members of Spanish society, as well as foreigners from both Europe and America, were drawn to the area. The continual presence of King Alfonso XIII and the royal family, the support of local entrepreneurs and bourgeoisie, and the promotion of such sports as yachting, horse-racing, tennis, and golf encouraged this process. Specialisation in tourism also impacted significantly on the urban development of both cities.

Pelatihan Kewirausahaan Perkebunan Durian Di Desa Marisi Dengan Pendekatan Social Entrepreneurship Theory

Community service through entrepreneurship training assistance and business development analysis of durian plantations is a program that aims to improve the abilities and skills of farmers and entrepreneurs in the field of durian plantation business. This program is carried out through structured and sustainable training and mentoring activities and is carried out with a participatory and community-based approach. In this program, participants are provided with training and mentoring in various aspects of the durian plantation business, such as financial management, production management, marketing, and business development. Through this program, participants are expected to develop their durian plantation business better and more effectively, so as to increase the productivity and quality of durian produced, as well as open wider market opportunities. The program is also expected to improve the welfare of local farmers and entrepreneurs and contribute to the regional economy. The results of the program evaluation showed that this durian business development analysis and training mentoring program had a positive impact on the participants. The participants claimed to be more confident in managing their businesses, have better knowledge and skills in business management, and are able to develop wider networks and partnerships. In the long run, it is hoped that this program can help increase the business potential of durian plantations in Indonesia

በኢትዮጵያ የሩዝ ሜካናይዜሽን: አዝማሚያዎች እና ተስፋዎች

The domestic rice industry of Ethiopia is constrained by low productivity, poor quality, and old processing machines. The rice production system is done by hand or with rudimentary tools, and only 2% of households have access to tractors. It takes 175 labor days to weed and 66% of the total farm operations. Rice harvesting and threshing are done manually using a serrated sickle and animal trembling respectively. Farmers are responsible for most of the pre-milling operations and store paddy for household consumption in local stores. Challenges include fragmented farm holdings, poor marketing channels, and a lack of awareness of post-harvest utilization. The prospects for rice mechanization development include improving the rice mechanization research system, training local entrepreneurs, providing repair and maintenance services, promoting custom hiring centers, local manufacturing of farm implements, organizing agricultural cooperatives, landholding, and land ownership structures, assessing foreign experience, linking importers and service providers, and encouraging investments in the rural infrastructure.

Entrepreneurship, Public Policy and Economic Development in Nigeria

This study investigates the impact of public policy measures in entrepreneurship and economic development in Nigeria. Time series data covering the period from 1981 – 2021 was used. Data sourced from the World Development Indicators (WDI) provided by the World Bank 2021 and Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin 2021 was use. The variables employed are Income per capita (IPC), Institutional (IQ) Quality, Research and Development (RD) and Capacity of SMEs (COS). Results showed that there is a positive relationship IPC and COS. IQ and RD are statistically insignificant, and IQ indicated a negative relationship. It was also observed that there is a positive relationship between the intercept and COS. This implies that the problem in Nigeria is not policy formulation but that of implementation. Thus, creating a gap or missing-link in the structure of public policy formulation and implementation in Nigeria. We recommend among others that all hands must be on deck at every level of government and amongst all social groups to achieve the goals of policy as it affects all. In addition, the government should create enabling environment for the local entrepreneurs to compete globally and create a level playing ground for entrepreneurship at the domestic level to thrive healthily. Additionally, entrepreneurs need to take advantage of the role of technology to improve their overall productivity

Fair and square: The impact of judicial independence on entrepreneurship

This paper investigates the effects of judicial independence on entrepreneurship by exploiting the staggered establishment of Circuit Courts (CCs) in China. We show that local entrepreneurship activities increase by 4.19% after the introduction of CCs. Our results hold after a battery of robustness tests. Reduced financial constraints could be a plausible channel through which CCs promote entrepreneurship. The positive effect of CCs is more pronounced in highly corrupted areas. Overall, this study shows that the judicial independence reform aimed at reducing local protectionism fosters entrepreneurship in a typical emerging market.

Sustainable Development of Social and Engineering Infrastructure of Rural Areas Based on Corporate Social Responsibility

It is important to improve the socio-economic situation of rural residents worldwide, improve the quality of life, and reduce poverty. The development of rural areas in Kazakhstan is considered a strategic goal and the mechanisms for its development are constantly being improved. Nevertheless, the income of the population in priority rural regions of the country and the level of access to social and Engineering Infrastructure Services could be higher than the urban population. The study showed the importance of strengthening trilateral ties between the state, business representatives and society, increasing the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) of local entrepreneurs in rural areas. The purpose of the study is to show the importance of CSR, as well as the state, in ensuring the highquality functioning of social and engineering infrastructure in rural areas of Kazakhstan. In the study of Zerenda and Korgalzhyn districts of Akmola region for the period from 2010 to 2021; The analysis of the state of the economic, demographic, and socio-engineering infrastructure of the Auliekol and Altynsarinsky districts of Kostanay region was carried out. As a result, socio-economic and infrastructure problems in rural areas of the country were identified. In particular: in order to solve the problems of reducing the number of specialists in the social sphere, access to drinking water, roads, transport, internet, etc., the state can develop social and engineering infrastructure of rural territories by creating conditions for the development of local entrepreneurs and increasing their CSR.

Targeting Creativity Through Sentiment Analysis: A Survey on Bucharest City Tourism

This study investigates the sentiments of Bucharest city visitors resulting from their interaction with various attractions perceived as being “creative.” The online reviews displayed on TripAdvisor were collected as a database for our research, covering the July 2016 to July 2022 period. The data were processed using R software and NVivo software intended for text analysis and the investigation of the sentiments’ distribution. The findings suggest that creative offer spurs positive and very positive sentiments among travelers. Tourists experienced joy and trust during their tourism products and services consumption. The creative products are encountered especially in restaurants and escape rooms and are less correlated with heritage, arts, museums, or architecture. These findings are very useful for local entrepreneurs, local authorities, and policymakers in order to find solutions to include more creative products and services in the city tourism offer. Even if the present research is limited to Bucharest city, a future investigation could address the creativity dimensions of other destinations in Romania and abroad, highlighting the specific tourist attractions that boost various sentiment types among tourists.

Foreign Branding and Its Effect on Brand Perception: an Overview to Local Entrepreneurs

Foreign branding is a branding strategy by giving a brand name using spelling or pronunciation in a certain foreign language, with the main target of influencing the dimensions of brand image, and influencing perceived quality, as well consumer attitudes towards products. The purpose of this research is to explain foreign branding and its effect on brand perception. A literature review from various sources related to foreign branding strategy was conducted as part of the research. According to the research findings, brand image, purchase decision, and brand admiration are the effects of foreign branding. Consumers tend to prefer foreign-sound products because it creates brand image as international products which have best quality. So it effects on how people decide to but the foreign products and people also admire foreign-sound products too much especially in young generation. Local entrepreneurs should learn a lot about foreign branding to compete and upgrade the level of their products and sales.

Identification of Culinary Potential in Neglasari Village, Cisompet, Garut

This study aimed to identify the natural resources from agriculture that could develop to be culinary tourism in Desa Neglasari, Kec. Cisompet, Kab. Garut. The study of documentation, field observations, and in-depth interviews are used in this research and analyzed by a qualitative descriptive analysis. Four excellent products can be processed into culinary products such as jackfruit, soursop, banana, and brown sugar. The fourth of an excellent product that can be processed into various foods and beverages with good taste, excellent shape, and a good texture of the culinary product. Based on this fact in Desa Neglasari, Kec. Cisompet, Kab. Garut potentially developed alternative tourism, which is a culinary tour. This is important because of not only the development of diversified tourism products but, at the same time, grow the creative economy among members of society. To realize the need for special attention of local government, tourism entrepreneurs, and communities (farmers).

The Role of Cultural Life in a Small Town in Eastern Bohemia, and Its Potential Development of Cultural Tourism

The contribution of this paper is a discussion on the role of cultural life and the potential of cultural tourism in the small town of Choceň in Eastern Bohemia, which is not one of the first-class tourism localities in the Czech Republic. Despite this fact, there is a richness of natural and cultural attractiveness and the organization of varied cultural events. The goal of this research was to determine the assumptions of tourist attractiveness from the point of view of local actors, based on the hypothesis that the attractiveness of the city is closely linked to the attractiveness of tourism. Local actors are the ones who can recognize the genius loci of the place, which should have been considered in development planning. The literature review is mainly devoted to the role of culture, cultural tourism, and rural tourism. This research works with primary and secondary data, with the secondary data being based on location, selection, and implementation assumptions for tourism. The primary data were obtained using a quantitative questionnaire survey method for two target groups—local visitors and local entrepreneurs. This research shows that local actors are aware of their destination’s potential and support tourism development. However, cultural events are more likely intended to meet residents’ needs, not visitors. It is clear that small industrial towns are rather marginally devoted to the development of tourism. Yet, all local actors need to cooperate for further rural (and tourism) development.

Examining Local Traditional Food Entrepreneurs in Selangor and Sabah States during Covid 19 Pandemic

The study aims to explore local entrepreneurs’ profile criteria during covid 19 pandemic in Sabah and Selangor states. Two (2) themes have been identified for this study which are 1) Food category and 2) Business criteria. Twenty (20) informants from selected business categories are being identified and interviewed using a semi-structured question and online video and phone recording due to the Covid 19 pandemic. The finding shows that entrepreneurs from both states share similarities in food categories and customer backgrounds. They also implement technology such as online delivery applications to sustain their business during the Covid-19 pandemic.

SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES OF FORMING FINANCIAL MECHANISMS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES

Financial mechanisms play a pivotal role in bolstering the development of territorial communities, especially in times of crises and challenging situations. These mechanisms supply essential funding to stabilize local economies, aid vulnerable populations, and establish the groundwork for future growth. By funding local enterprises, entrepreneurs, and infrastructure projects, financial mechanisms stimulate economic activity and create employment opportunities. During crises, targeted support through grants, subsidies, and microfinance programs can assist at-risk segments of the population, such as low-income households, small business proprietors, and marginalized communities. Additionally, investing in infrastructure and initiatives that enhance the resilience of the local region against future crises, such as renewable energy sources and disaster preparedness, proves essential for sustainable development. Public-private partnerships are lauded as effective means to harness resources and expertise from both sectors, thereby magnifying the impact of development projects. Moreover, financial mechanisms offer backing for innovative solutions that aptly address development challenges. This article scrutinizes recent research and publications to pinpoint key components, challenges, and potential benefits of financial mechanisms for territorial community development. Scholars emphasize the significance of generating local revenue, collaborating with central governments and international organizations, engaging in public-private partnerships, utilizing microfinance institutions, and establishing community-based banking systems to empower territorial communities. Scientific and methodological principles are explored, encompassing comprehensive research and analysis, transparency and accountability, adaptability, inclusivity, sustainability, innovation, and capacity building. These principles furnish a structured and evidence-based approach for effectively managing financial resources and fostering sustainable and comprehensive growth within communities. The article underscores the significance of well-designed financial mechanisms in bolstering the development of territorial communities, while also laying the foundation for prospective research and implementation in this critical realm of study. Keywords: scientific and methodological principles, financial mechanisms, territorial communities, public management, development.