Public education in modern Japan has been highly centralized in system and bureaucratic in administration since the beginning. The reformation after World War II brought the democratic educational system in Japan, but it's ideas have not been sufficiently brought into existence and especially in recent years we see somewhat backward movement toward centralization of education on the part of the governmental policies, though in a different way from the one found before the reformation.But the bureaucratic organization of educational adminitration is changing ceaselessly, especially under the rapid social change in Japan after the war. In this article, the change in organization of local educational administration is characterized as bureaucratization, and the focus is put on the relationship between educational administration and the increasing educational expectations of farmers for their childen, as they cannot help seeking their jobs outside the agriculture under the present conditions.Now, the irrationality found in bureaucratic organization of education, which is closely related to the traditional power structure as a stabilizer in rural community, is disappearing along with the change in rural social structure and the newly emerging charcteristics of farmers. While the foundations for more rationalized bureaucratic structure in education are being provided steadily, the necessity for centralized educational policies on the national level is increasing. We unavoidably are confronted with the problem of bureaucratization in the organization of local educational administration.