Local Community Efforts Research Articles

Governing pandemics: Resilience and community responses for COVID-19 in Bengaluru and Shanghai

ABSTRACT This study explores governance strategies and community responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Bengaluru and Shanghai. It builds on recent evidence showing China centers on territorial institutions to respond to the pandemic, whereas democratic India relies on associational politics, including alliances with different stakeholders. The study argues that increased community involvement in Shanghai arose from the state’s inadequacies during the crisis, while resident welfare associations (RWAs) in Bengaluru primarily served the middle class and had limited impact on vulnerable populations. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study highlights key lessons that contributed to effective responses in both cities, offering policy recommendations for building resilient cities with stronger leadership. Community reactions in India and China surpassed the normal during the pandemic. Despite differences in urban regimes and political systems, Shanghai’s territorial institutions contrasted with Bengaluru’s associational approach; however local governance and community efforts significantly shaped their pandemic outcomes during the health disaster.

Development In Setu Babakan Tourism Village As A Betawi Icon In Modern Times

This study aims to explore the potential possessed by Setu Babakan Tourism Village in maintaining and developing Betawi Cultural identity in the modern era. Setu Babakan Village is known as one of the leading cultural tourism destinations in Jakarta, which promotes art, music, dance, culinary, and typical Betawi traditions. In the context of globalization and technological development, this study aims to analyze how Setu Babakan Village utilizes its cultural potential to maintain its status as an icon of Betawi Culture. We discussed the efforts of local communities and government support, as well as the challenges faced in safeguarding cultural heritage and promoting it to present and future generations. This research provides insight into the importance of preserving local culture amid the ongoing flow of modernization and globalization. The foundation of this research concept uses the A5 concept (Attractions, Accessibility, Accommodation, Activities, Amenities). The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive. Techniques for determining informants use purposive techniques in data collection using interviews, observation, and documentation techniques. The results of the study show that the development of tourism in Setu Babakan Tourism Village is optimal. However, there are still things that can be improved from each of these components.

Conservation of urban heritage post-earthquake reconstruction through community involvement: case study of THIMI-issues and lessons learned

ABSTRACT Cultural heritage is a reflection of a community’s adopted ways of life. It comprises customs, behaviors, settings, physical objects, artistic expression, and ideals. As an impact of the Earthquake in 2015, the heritage building suffered catastrophic damage. This research examined the Thimi community’s approach to urban heritage construction through conservation, reconstruction, renovation, and restoration, and shares problems, success stories, and lessons learned in the cases of Phalcha (Rest House) and Dyo (Temple). The Thimi Municipality provided all required technical and financial support for these renovation and reconstruction activities. Conducting a depth literature review and understanding the process of both qualitative and quantitative methods of rebuilding, renovating, and restoring the urban cultural heritage structure, this research uses a case study approach. Locals, consultants, and technical employees involved in the rehabilitation and planning work provided most of the materials for all case studies. This study finds that the residents of Thimi feel pride in having their heritage structures restored by local community participation. Despite the local community efforts, there are a few shortcomings with the financial, technical, social, and administrative constructions and understanding of customary practices. The Madhyapur Thimi Municipality has developed measures to support communities willing to lead urban heritage conservation.

DrByron J. Bailey: The Life and Legacy of an Educator, Humanitarian, and Leader.

DrByron J. Bailey, a preeminent figure in the field of Otolaryngology, exemplified an unwavering commitment to patient care, resident education, research excellence, and humanitarian endeavors throughout his illustrious career. Born in 1934, DrBailey played a pivotal role in the growth and success of the Department of Otolaryngology at the University of Texas Medical Branch. A dedicated educator and researcher, he authored groundbreaking research and the seminal textbook, Bailey's Head and Neck Surgery-Otolaryngology. His leadership in major organizations and commitment to research integrity and quality are hallmarks of his career. DrBailey's philanthropic pursuits include improving Otolaryngology care and access in Vietnam and Cuba, and local community efforts in Galveston, Texas. His enduring legacy continues to inspire future generations of Otolaryngologists, serving as a testament to the power of perseverance and dedication to excellence in the pursuit of medical education.

Bilingual youth identities contested through the use of K-12 language arts textbooks in a Korean heritage language classroom

ABSTRACT In the US, many immigrant languages have been maintained through the efforts of local communities in the form of community-based Heritage Language (HL) programs. Previous studies have discussed diverging linguistic practices and identities among students and teachers in HL programs. However, there is little research on how materials use affects such diverging practices in HL classrooms. To this end, this study adopts Actor Network Theory (ANT) as an analytical framework to investigate how a K-12 Korean language arts textbook was used in a community-based Korean HL classroom in the US and how student subjectivities were contested through materials use. Based on four months of ethnographic data, this study mainly discusses two findings. First, influenced by the monolingual conceptualization of bilingualism, the teacher used the textbook to enforce form-focused literacy instruction, which positioned students as an incompetent language learner. Second, during literacy activities, students interpreted and responded to materials through flexible bilingual practices, constructing their identities as competent bilinguals. The study suggests creating an official space for bilingual youth to ‘play with the language of the material’ in HL classrooms.

Building capacity for the use of systems science to support local government public health planning: a case study of the VicHealth Local Government Partnership in Victoria, Australia

ObjectiveTo present an approach to build capacity for the use of systems science to support local communities in municipal public health and well-being planning.DesignCase study.SettingLocal government authorities participating in the...

Italian Politics and Culture from Fascism to Postwar Democracy in the Life and Work of Uguccione Ranieri di Sorbello (1906–1969)

Italian Politics and Culture from Fascism to Postwar Democracy in the Life and Work of Uguccione Ranieri di Sorbello (1906–1969)

Does local community effort relate to neighbors' homelessness?

Interjurisdictional spillovers can compromise the effectiveness of homeless assistance policy and service provision, as individuals that become homeless in service deserts are forced to move to nearby communities that provide services they require. The resulting migration causes difficulties in accurately measuring the effectiveness of homeless assistance policies and hinders the establishment of measures aimed at ending homelessness at a regional level. The present investigation addresses these challenges by exploring how local community effort aided by government and nonprofit organizations relates to interjurisdictional outcomes. Our findings indicate that an increase in homeless services offered by nonprofit organizations in a community relates with fewer services (i.e., reduction in total beds per homeless person) and more homelessness in neighboring communities. Further, simultaneously increasing the number of both government and nonprofit organizations mitigates some of the negative spillovers. These findings augment the results yielded by previous research in this field, as they indicate that cross-sector collaboration can benefit the broader community and is more effective in reaching vulnerable populations and reducing homelessness than investing in government and nonprofit-led efforts executed independently.

Problems of Palliative and Hospice Care in Territorial Communities as a Part of Place Branding

In the EU, palliative care is a comprehensive system of patient support: social, psychological, spiritual and, of course, medical care. How it works in other countries and what the experience should be applied so that children in Ukraine can not only adequately anesthetize, but also not violate their rights. These and a number of other issues and challenges today are highlighted in this study. The object of research is palliative and hospice care.The research was preceded by the following questions: to analyze current problems of palliative and hospice care in Ukraine and the world; to analyze the regulatory and legal support for palliative care in Ukraine; to study statistical data on the need for palliative and hospice care in Ukraine and local communities; to conduct a survey of residents of the united territorial communities on their awareness of palliative and hospice care and its needs in communities; develop recommendations for the implementation of modern methods of palliative care for residents of united territorial communities. The analysis examined the experience of European countries in this issue and the challenges facing Ukraine. The legal framework governing the provision of palliative care to terminally ill patients in Ukraine was analyzed. A representative survey was conducted on public awareness of the provision of palliative and hospice care to patients among the population of Sumy region. 150 respondents took part in the survey: 33% of women and 67% of men. According to the results of the research, hypotheses about the problems and needs of hospice and palliative care were confirmed. It has been found that the elderly and people with incurable diseases need it the most, and most agree that such people should be cared for in special institutions that need to be formed at the level of territorial communities. Which in turn has a significant impact on the place brand formation due to the stakeholders involvement. As a result of the study, proposals were presented to address current issues of palliative and hospice care in Ukraine, using the experience of EU countries and the implementation of it through the efforts of local communities, which in turn forms the brand of the place.

A Study on Local Community Efforts to Utilize Oriental White Storks as a Local Resource

A Study on Local Community Efforts to Utilize Oriental White Storks as a Local Resource

Scientists' Warning to Humanity on Threats to Indigenous and Local Knowledge Systems

The knowledge systems and practices of Indigenous Peoples and local communities play critical roles in safeguarding the biological and cultural diversity of our planet. Globalization, government policies, capitalism, colonialism, and other rapid social-ecological changes threaten the relationships between Indigenous Peoples and local communities and their environments, thereby challenging the continuity and dynamism of Indigenous and Local Knowledge (ILK). In this article, we contribute to the “World Scientists' Warning to Humanity,” issued by the Alliance of World Scientists, by exploring opportunities for sustaining ILK systems on behalf of the future stewardship of our planet. Our warning raises the alarm about the pervasive and ubiquitous erosion of knowledge and practice and the social and ecological consequences of this erosion. While ILK systems can be adaptable and resilient, the foundations of these knowledge systems are compromised by ongoing suppression, misrepresentation, appropriation, assimilation, disconnection, and destruction of biocultural heritage. Three case studies illustrate these processes and how protecting ILK is central to biocultural conservation. We conclude with 15 recommendations that call for the recognition and support of Indigenous Peoples and local communities and their knowledge systems. Enacting these recommendations will entail a transformative and sustained shift in how ILK systems, their knowledge holders, and their multiple expressions in lands and waters are recognized, affirmed, and valued. We appeal for urgent action to support the efforts of Indigenous Peoples and local communities around the world to maintain their knowledge systems, languages, stewardship rights, ties to lands and waters, and the biocultural integrity of their territories—on which we all depend.

Corona Wedi Buto: Myth in The Efforts of The Tanggulwelahan Villager Facing Covid-19

The COVID-19 virus was declared by WHO as a pandemic towards the beginning of 2020. As a result, Indonesia also implemented physical distancing nationally. This condition was responded to quite diverse by the community, one of which was in Tanggulwelahan Village, Tulungagung Regency. Myth is actually an alternative that people use in addressing these conditions. Therefore, researchers apply qualitative research methods (phenomenology) to explain the social construction of myths in the efforts of local communities to deal with COVID-19. Based on the results of interviews, observations, and analyzes using social construction theory the following results are obtained. "Buto" figure is a sacred symbol for the community because it is believed to have supernatural strength so that it can banish various outbreaks of disease. This understanding was formed through the process of externalization, objectification, and internalization that has been going on for generations. Meanwhile, medical information related to COVID-19 is new knowledge, so it is difficult to replace the old knowledge of society which is actually a myth.

Shark conservation and blanket bans in the eastern Pacific Ocean

AbstractSharks are one of the most threatened marine animals, with fishing identified as the prime human activity responsible for population declines. The tropical eastern Pacific, a biogeographic region spanning the coastal areas from Mexico to Peru including the Colombian Pacific coast and the Galapagos archipelago, forms critical habitat and migratory routes for sharks and other marine megafauna. The Colombian government recently announced a total (blanket) ban on all forms of shark fishing in the country, including artisanal and industrial. Prohibiting shark fisheries in Colombia could drive fishing and trade under‐ground, fueling criminality, and marginalization. This will not only undermine recent efforts of local communities and researchers to manage small‐scale fisheries, but will criminalize a key source of income for a historically marginalized part of Colombian society. To be effective and ethical, this government decision needs to be rethought incorporating a more holistic management strategy consented among different stakeholder groups.

Collaborative Governance dalam Tata Kelola Pariwisata-Desa (Studi Pariwisata-Desa “Bumiaji Agrotourism” di Kota Wisata Batu)

The objective of this research is examines the role of collaborative governance in rural tourism development, especially in the tourist area of "Bumiaji Agrotourism" in Tourist City of Batu. The rapid development of tourism in Batu is still dominated by the artificial tourism destinations, often the highlight in relation to the equitable distribution of welfare and sustainability of tourist development. Until today, the efforts of local governments and communities by presenting a variety of new icon types of community-based tourism destinations in Batu City do not provide assurance that tourism will remain exsist and suistain due to resource limitations in each actor. In accordance with Good Tourism Governance (GTG), tourism management efforts can no longer be charged only to one of the actors. Collaborative governance approach can be used as an alternative solution, especially in rural tourism development in Tourist City of Batu to strengthen the character of tourist destinations as well as tourism network buildings.

Empowering women to protect wildlife in former hunting tourism zones: a political ecology of Akashinga, Zimbabwe

Anti-poaching is an important component of the tourism management system for destinations that rely on wildlife as their key attraction. The present paper, broadly grounded in political ecology, explores how social justice tenets are used to frame and implement anti-poaching initiatives in Sub-Saharan Africa. In particular, the study examines the Akashinga model, a Zimbabwean woman-only anti-poaching initiative founded by the Australian conservation activist, Damien Mander. Political ecology lends itself well to the analysis of social justice initiatives as it unpacks how political, economic and social factors interact with environmental issues and changes. Akashinga is particularly compelling as a socially innovative conservation model intended to replace hunting tourism in Sub-Saharan wilderness areas. Data were collected from a rich selection of online sources, including social media and relevant websites. Our analysis reveals Akashinga’s framing and modus operandi as premised three dimensions: community involvement, the empowerment of women, and the superiority of women in achieving anti-poaching success and broader conservation outcomes. It is argued that, while Akashinga makes a positive contribution to the local community and wildlife conservation efforts, there are important caveats to consider, in the context of postcolonial power relations.

Integrate ecosystem services into socio-economic development to enhance achievement of sustainable development goals in the post-pandemic era

The COVID-19 pandemic has stalled and rolled back progress on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Ecosystem services (ESs), defined as the contributions of ecosystems to human well-being, underpin the achievement of SDGs. To promote SDG achievement in post-pandemic era, we teased out the links between ESs and SDGs while examining the impact of COVID-19. We found that ESs benefited all SDGs, yet man-made pressures led to degradation of ecosystems and their services. There is broad consensus that the virus lurks in degraded ecosystems and generates spillover due to human interference. The pandemic and global lockdown/restriction disrupted the flow of ESs and altered human ESs demand, threatening the efforts for the SDGs. We suggested: 1) to study the association and traceability of ESs-SDGs under the pandemic; 2) to prioritize pressing issues such as health care, livelihood, and resource security and in the long run, we should promote human-nature harmony to achieve the SDGs; and 3) to enhance ESs and to promote the SDGs through local community efforts, ESs accounting, and ecosystem restoration. This paper provides insights into the importance of ESs to the SDGs and the ways to integrate ESs into socio-economic development to promote the SDG achievement after the pandemic.

Local Government and Community Efforts in the Development of Kalaodi Agrotourism, Tidore Archipelago City, Indonesia

This research aimed to examine the development of Kalaodi Agrotourism, the development of tourism facilities in the Kalaodi Agrotourism area, and the development of human resources in the tourism sector carried out by local governments and communities. This research used a qualitative descriptive approach, and it used an interactive model as the data analysis technique. The results showed that Kalaodi had many kinds of tourism wealth, specifically, in the form of nature, agro, and cultural tourism. The Kalaodi community had the will and enthusiasm to develop tourism objects in their area. There were various public transportation facilities such as roads, good sanitation, electricity facilities, and communication facilities even though Kalaodi was a village located far from the central government and urban areas. In addition, the Kalaodi community had developed human resource development programs, such as the creation of literacy houses, the formation of art galleries, English language training, and home industry product development training. In developing agrotourism, the collaboration between the local government and the community is needed, both in the development of tourist objects and tourism support facilities. Keywords: Development, Kalaodi Agrotourism, Tidore

POTENSI USAHA MASYARAKAT DESA KEDONDONG DI HTI HUTAN KETAPANG INDUSTRI KABUPATEN KETAPANG

The purpose of this study was to obtain information business potentials for local community in Kedondong village that could develop with the establishment of PT Hutan Ketapang Industri. Analyze the potential of local resources and the economic impact of the bussines potensial at Kedondong village take by direct interviews to respodent. This research was conducted in Kedondong Village, Kendawangan District, Ketapang Regency with an effective period of 4 weeks in the field. Equipment used in this study included a list of questions, stationery, cameras and voice recorders. Data collection is done using survey methods and direct observation in the field. Sampling was done by Slovin technique. Based on the results of the study, local community efforts to business potential in Kedondong Village with establisment PT HKI, which is done by the community including utilizing vacant land to be used as agricultural land, gardens, livestock or, among others, opening business opportunities such as food stalls, workshops, agriculture and fishery.Keywords: Business Potential, Kedondong village, PT HKI

PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK TANI MELALUI PENYULUHAN BUDIDAYA TANAMAN KAKAO DAN PENGENDALIAN HAMA PENYAKIT KAKAO

This article aims to identify and analyze the empowerment program for farming groups through countering cultivation and cocoa pest control, and to empower farmer groups by increasing broader insight into the cocoa plant, as well as the pests and diseases that attack these plants. The method of study used Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) approach to obtain the local community efforts in conducting their own assessments, analysis and planning. The study results showed that in the last few years, most of the people of Padasuka Village, Sub- District of Petir have planted many cocoa trees. Because it has a normal height of 400 meters above sea level, it makes cacao trees thrive in this village. However, even so, there are still many people who do not really understand how to plant and care for cocoa trees which results in many experiencing crop failures. When viewed in the market, the price of cocoa beans is quite stable so that it can help the community's economy. Therefore, this is inseparable from the role of extension workers who provide education and empowerment of farmers. We together with the Agricultural Extension Center (BPP) have provided education through socialization programs to the community, especially the Harapan Sejahtera III farmer group. Activities carried out include counseling on cocoa cultivation, pest control in cocoa, and field practice of making pest traps.

The Role of Food and Culinary Heritage For Postdisaster Recovery: The Case of Earthquake in the Marche Region (Italy)

The aim of this study is to analyze the role of food and gastronomy in expanding the tourism sector in the territory of Marche region (Italy), hit by major earthquakes in 2016 and 2017. One of the first actions taken by individuals, municipalities, institutions, and nonprofit associations was to set up e-commerce initiatives to sell local food and wine products in order to support farms and businesses affected by the earthquake. Five e-commerce companies were interviewed to understand the level of involvement of local actors and the importance of food and gastronomy in the recovery phase. They indicated a need for more initiatives similar to these to promote sustainable development and proposed that the tourism sector could be drawn into a collaboration with food and wine producers and sellers, so as to offer consumers and tourists a more complete and typical experience of the Marche region. Finally, they felt that the efforts of local communities must be supported by cooperation from the regional and national government.