The role of Na+-activated channels in cellular function, if any, is still elusive. We have attempted to implicate a Na+-activated nonselective cation channel in the activation of lobster olfactory receptor neurons. We show that a Na+-activated channel occurs in the odor-detecting outer dendrites. With the use of pharmacological blockers of the channel together with ion substitution, we show that a substantial part of the odor-evoked depolarization in these cells can be ascribed to a Na+-activated conductance. We hypothesize, therefore, that the Na+-activated channel amplifies the receptor current as a result of being secondarily activated by the primary odor transduction pathway.