Persian Loanwords Research Articles

Semantic Changes of Persian Loanwords in Bashkir Turkish

Semantic Changes of Persian Loanwords in Bashkir Turkish

The Status of [h] and [ʔ] in the Sistani Dialect of Miyankangi

The purpose of this article is to determine the phonemic status of [h] and [ʔ] in the Sistani dialect of Miyankangi. Auditory tests applied to the relevant data show that [ʔ] occurs mainly in word-initial position, where it stands in free variation with O. The only place where [h] is heard is in Arabic and Persian loanwords, and only in the pronunciation of some speakers who are educated and/or live in urban centres, where inhabitants are in closer touch with Persian than in rural areas. The sound [h] also occurs in the pronunuciation of some Arabic loanwords where it replaces the glottal plosive, particularly in word medial, intervocalic position. The investigation shows that neither [ʔ] nor [h] have phonemic status in the Sistani dialect of Miyankangi at present, but that more intense contact with Persian may change this state in the future, particularly for [h].

Telltale Signs of a Semitic Prototext for the Peshitta of Daniel

Abstract Earlier scholars concluded correctly that the Peshitta of Daniel was translated from a Semitic prototext, but their arguments were less than compelling. Basing the argument on vocabulary, to wit the consistent rendering of Hebrew as and Aramaic as, the use of Persian loanwords, and the preservation of a rare Semitic adverb, provides a more convincing case than offered in the past. Though not necessary to prove the point, the author suggests that what could be interpreted as a peal passive participle may in fact be an internal peal passive suffix conjugation form. This suggestion is presented for scholarly consideration and should not be considered fundamental to the major thesis.

John R. Perry. « Lexical Areas and Semantic Fields of Arabic Loanwords in Persian and Beyond », in : Éva Ágnes Csató ; Bo Isaksson and Carina Jahani, eds., Linguistic Convergence and Areal Diffusion: Case Studies from Iranian, Semitic and Turkic. London - New York, Routledge Curzon, 2005, pp. 97-109.

John R. Perry. « Lexical Areas and Semantic Fields of Arabic Loanwords in Persian and Beyond », in : Éva Ágnes Csató ; Bo Isaksson and Carina Jahani, eds., Linguistic Convergence and Areal Diffusion: Case Studies from Iranian, Semitic and Turkic. London - New York, Routledge Curzon, 2005, pp. 97-109.

Persian loanwords in English

A survey of terms inherited from Persian, often through intermediate languages. ENGLISH may be considered a typical case of a European language indebted to Persian, often through the intermediary of another language, a point with which this survey seeks to deal. A comprehensive list of such loanwords, direct and indirect, can be found in Cannon and Kaye (2001), to which the reader is referred for the full list of the 811 items, including their etyma. One hundred and thirty three of these are distant loans, as with the word azure (‘a light purplish blue’), which comes into English through Old French, probably through Old Spanish azur ∼ azul, which comes in turn from Arabic lazaward ∼ lazuward, and ultimately from Persian lajuvard (‘azure; cobalt blue’). This thematically-organized article provides a general review of the field.

Persian and Turkish Loan-Words in Malay

Persian and Turkish Loan-Words in Malay

Persian Loanwords in Anatolian Turkish

It is well known that Ottoman Turkish literature from its very beginning to the early part of this century was strongly influenced by the classical Persian literature. Knowledge of the Persian language and letters was a sine qua non of Ottoman education. No wonder that the dictionaries of Ottoman abound in poetic, but also prosaic, Persian loanwords. The prosaic ones include a large amount of househould terminology, which markedly differs from the high-level poetic terms by its stronger assimilation and integration in the Turkish language. These terms for domestic objects and concepts must have been borrowed at an early stage, however difficult it may be to state when. It is also difficult to assess the role which was played by erudite snobbery in their borrowing, although we may assume that it was not large. Less attention has been paid to the Persian loanwords which are not represented in the standard language, but are being used in the dialects of Anatolia. With some of these our present study intends to deal. All materials presented here have been extracted from the Saz derleme dergisi (DD, see Works cited in abbrevation, at end of article) which only lists those words that can be regarded as completely assimilated. In this, our study follows a number of earlier studies (Andreas Tietze: 'Griechische Lehnwdrter im anatolischen Tiirkisch', Oriens, vol. 8, 1955, pp. 204-257; 'Slavische Lehnwirter in der tiirkischen Volkssprache', Oriens, vol. 10, 1957, PP. 1-47; 'Direkte arabische Entlehnungen im anatolischen Tiirkisch', Melanges Jean Deny, Ankara, 1958, pp. 255-333; 'Einige weitere griechische Lehnw*rter im anatolischen Tiirkisch', Nemeth armagans, Ankara, 1962, pp. 373-388). The material presented in this article is arranged in the alphabetical order of the etyma. Each entry begins with the Modern Persian etymon, often followed by remarks about is formation, dialectical variants, and the distribution in geographically significant areas; a colon then leads

Persian Loanwords in Anatolian Turkish

Persian Loanwords in Anatolian Turkish

Sogdian Loan-words in New Persian

It is well known what an extraordinary power of absorbing foreign words Persian possesses. In addition to the innumerable Arabic words which since the creation of the New Persian literary language have formed an integral part of Persian speech, we have a fair number of Aramaic words 1 on the one hand, and of Eastern Iranian words on the other; in later times, there is also considerable borrowing from Turkish. It is, I think, proper to regard Eastern Iranian words in Persian as “loan-words” in the same way as, say, Arabic or Aramaic words; for no Eastern Iranian language is amongst the constituent dialects of Modern Persian, which can perhaps best be defined as the descendant of the current language of culture and commerce which developed in Persia during the Sasanian era. So far, little attention has been paid to the Eastern Iranian words in Persian. Horn, in his excellent paper on the New Persian literary language, quoted examples such as Balaχšān, Hilmand, fiš “mane”, fay, fuy “idol”, malaχ “locust”, bilist “span”, lōγḻdan “to milk”, etc., words whose phonetic habitus does not agree with the normal Persian development. To-day we are in a much more fortunate position since the Sogdian language has gradually become known to us: seen from Persia, Sogdian was by far the most important Eastern Iranian language, a language of culture, literature, and commerce, whose territory bordered on the area of Persian speech and extended towards the frontiers of China.