Loader System Research Articles

A Model of an Extending Front Loader

Front loaders used in agriculture are characterized by a compact structure, which limits the scope of their application. The loading possibilities are expanded by designing front loaders equipped with telescopic arms. This design increases the loader’s working area, making it easier to load trucks. It is necessary to work on the arm extension drive and perform strength analyses on the new structures. This article presents a FEM numerical analysis of the structure of an extending front loader and an assessment of the state of stress and the value of displacements under the influence of load. This study discusses the advantages and disadvantages of front loaders compared to telehandlers and the legal requirements and standards for the design of front loaders in Europe. This work presents the concept of loader arm movement and assesses the effectiveness of using hydraulic motors coupled with a screw gear. The obtained results prove that the newly designed extending front loader system is safe and stable.

Ensuring quick changeability of the working bodies of technological machines in the construction and maintenance of the landscape, road-building, and agricultural industries

The relevance of the subject matter is conditioned by the high-efficiency use of reconfigurable manufacturing systems during construction work and the associated need to develop and implement technological machines with replaceable working bodies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the invariance of the equipment used by types of work in landscape and landscape construction. The study used theoretical methods of analysis and synthesis of information on the principles of the practical application of a universal machine with a wide range of mounted technological working bodies. The results obtained indicate the high relevance of the issue of the rapid changeability of mounted technological working bodies. Its effective solution lies in the creation of reconfigurable production machines based on a universal wheelbase with replaceable working bodies of variable layout by type of work, for which a new design of an inter-module basing and fastening device is proposed. The possibility of its practical application in the BobCat loader system is considered. It is established that, in general, the use of the BobTach mounting frame during various technological operations ensures an increase in the efficiency of this technological equipment. In addition, it significantly increases the performance of the entire model range of equipment and testifies to the versatility of the specified mounting frame. The practical significance of the results obtained is conditioned by the possibility of their application in the development and implementation of modern technological machines with rapidly replaceable working bodies in the agricultural sector and road construction.

Container loading problem based on robotic loader system: An optimization approach

With the development of intelligent logistics technology, some companies began to use robots instead of humans to load cargo. This paper studies a novel container loading problem based on robotic loader system (CLP-RLS). Different from the existing robot-packable pattern in the literature, the robotic loader system in this paper consists of a depalletizing robot, an automatic telescopic roller line and a loading robot, in which the loading robot will enter the carriage along with the automatic telescopic roller line. In CLP-RLS, it is necessary to consider not only many practical constraints already in the literature, including load balancing, orientation, stability, and multi-drop but also two new constraints related to robotic loader system: pallet continuity constraint (the loading sequence of cargo on the same pallet is continuous) and robot position constraint (the robot can only load cargo incrementally from the front to the back of the truck). Due to the difficulty in modeling CLP-RLS and the large scale of the real-case instances, we present a tree search approach based on wall-building to solve CLP-RLS, intending to find a feasible loading scheme for the RLS to minimize the length required to load all cargo. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified through both real-case instances and numerical instances.

RNA‐seq‐driven expression analysis to investigate cardiovascular disease genes with associated phenotypes among atrial fibrillation patients

RNA‐seq‐driven expression analysis to investigate cardiovascular disease genes with associated phenotypes among atrial fibrillation patients

Evaluating the energy storage capabilities of forklift actuator

Energy saving in construction and logistics is a topical and open issue today. Forklifts are one of the main self-propelled means of mechanization of warehouses, in which the effect of energy recovery can be applied. This is due to the peculiarity of such systems that operate in overclocking and braking modes. The purpose of this work is to study the energy consumption in the drive system of the loader based on the analysis of the sequence diagram of its operation for given sections of movement. Methodology. The equation of traction balance of a wheeled machine is used to estimate energy consumption at given sections of the load movement. Determination of the kinematic parameters of the loader system with the load is determined from the condition of maximum traction. Results. The mass characteristics of the system, speed of movement, characteristics of the road surface contribute to the formation of the energy return by the system of the loader in the process of its braking. Increasing operating speeds will have a positive effect on energy savings in energy storage systems. Analysis of energy consumption during the operation of the loader shows that in the process of its operation you can effectively store from 30 to 70% of energy. Originality. This study uses an engineering assessment approach that will be useful for practical applications in the design of such systems. Practical value. In this study, the sequence diagram of the energy consumption of a forklift when working with loads of 2000 kg, 1000 kg and 500 kg is essential. The sequence diagram method is simple and can therefore be easily implemented in forklift control systems to enable energy recovery systems.

A multibody model of a wheel loader with pneumatic boom suspension and proving ground testing

In this paper a multibody dynamic model of a wheeled tractor-front-end loader system with pneumatic boom suspension is created. A front-end loader was designed and manufactured to validate the dynamic model and to conduct proving ground tests. Comparisons of some simulation results with the measured data revealed that the proposed dynamics model can well describe the vibrations of the tested compact wheel loader. In addition, the results of tests for RMS acceleration and spectral densities at different speeds are presented.

Hydraulically operated palm oil loader system design as fresh fruit bunch collector

<span>Palm oil is one of the main agricultural contributors to Malaysia’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Although commercial palm oil plantations have flourished in Malaysia for decades, there is still room for improvement especially in minimizing manpower load and developing efficient machinery to improve the various processes involved in the palm oil industry from estate to the mills. This paper presents a modified towable backhoe to assist in the Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) collecting process as an effort to save time. The main objective of this study is to design a machine that can be used by smallholders of oil palm in order to help speed up the work process. With a boom extension and an innovative grabber, the pressure needed to operate the hydraulic system was analyzed to ensure the towable backhoe functioned effectively and fulfilled its objectives. From the calculations done, the maximum pressure that the system can supply is 31.28 MPa which is higher than the 11 MPa minimum required for the hydraulic system to operate.</span>

The Many Roles of Binding Cooperativity in the Control of DNA Replication

The Many Roles of Binding Cooperativity in the Control of DNA Replication

A Secure Boot Loader System for Loading an Operating System with Fingerprint Authentication

In today’s world, people are constantly on move and portable systems are in demand. With technology advancement, people exploit different types of memory devices for a portable system. For any external boot medium, the BIOS boot order setting change is required. The dynamic boot loader successfully eliminated this dependency and allowed the user to directly boot from any portable USB. The usage of USB has grown exponentially in recent years and securing it has become a major concern. In this paper, the USB is devised as a highly secured portable boot medium with fingerprint authentication to ensure data security. It performs feature extraction by combining both Local Directional Pattern (LDP) and Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOG) which improves the accuracy rate. The classification is performed by random forest classifier, such that the intended users alone are granted access to the private storage area of the USB drive.

Investigating the effect of far and near field to fault on seismic behavior of dual frames with convergent bracing equipped with viscose damper

Abstract In this study, non-linear behavior of steel frames with dual lateral loader system with convergent crossing and chevron bracing equipped with linear and non-linear liquid viscose dampers i...

Characteristics and detectability of Windows auto-start extensibility points in memory forensics

Computer forensics is performed during a security incident response process on disk devices or on the memory of the compromised system. The latter case, known as memory forensics, consists in dumping the memory to a file and analyzing it with the appropriate tools. Many security incidents are caused by malware that targets and persists as long as possible in a Windows system within an organization. The persistence is achieved using Auto-Start Extensibility Points (ASEPs), the subset of OS and application extensibility points that allow a program to auto-start without any explicit user invocation. In this paper, we propose a taxonomy of the Windows ASEPs, considering the features that are used or abused by malware to achieve persistence. This taxonomy splits into four categories: system persistence mechanisms, program loader abuse, application abuse, and system behavior abuse. We detail the characteristics of each extensibility point (namely, write permissions, execution privileges, detectability in memory forensics, freshness of system requirements, and execution and configuration scopes). Many of these ASEPs rely on the Windows Registry. We also introduce the tool Winesap, a Volatility plugin that analyzes the registry-based Windows ASEPs in a memory dump. Furthermore, we state the order of execution of some of these registry-based extensibility points and evaluate the effectiveness of our tool in memory dumps taken from a Windows OS where extensibility points were used. Winesap was successful in marking all the registry-based Windows ASEPs as suspicious registry keys.

Selection of an optimal electric monorail loading technique in underground mining using analytic hierarchy process and Yager's technique

The electric monorail transport system has found wide application in decline development. However, the loading mechanism in this haulage system still possesses a great challenge to its overall optimal efficiency. It has been demonstrated that high loading time is the main pitfall to high advance rates in monorail application. In this paper, the analytic hierarchy process and Yager's multiple criteria decision making techniques were used to select the optimal loading mechanism in the electric monorail transport system among three loading alternatives, namely, electric loader, conventional load-haul-dump unit and pneumatic loading system. Results of the two methods show that the electric loading technique is the optimal monorail loading system for efficient decline development in narrow vein deposits. Additionally, sensitivity analyses under the two techniques show that the electric loader system is always selected as the optimal solution to ±40% changes in the weight of criteria. It was also deduced that the solution under both methods is most sensitive to changes in the weight of the loading rate criterion.

Consideration of accurate dose distribution for Contura balloon catheter in breast brachytherapy with MCNP5 simulation

Introduction: Contura is a balloon applicator that used to deliver intra cavity radiation for Partial Breast Irradiation (PBI) treatments. Contura with 4 peripheral lumens surrounding the central, for loading HDR sources from an after loader system can provide an asymmetric dose distribution and gives a more flexible shape of dose than earlier balloon applicators such as Mammo site. Accurate dosimetry is necessary to avoid deviations in delivered dose from that prescribed for a successful treatment. In this study we tried to explore possible uncertainties in simple water phantom measurements compared to the realistic breast cancer treatment condition with Contura. Materials and Methods: MCNP5 simulations were performed to have investigations on dose distribution. Several trials have been introduced to study the effects of corrections for phantom geometry and content. First, dose distributions were considered for an ICRU-44 breast phantom and the obtained results were compared with water. In next trial geometry was corrected to take the effects of an air cavity as lung inside the chest into account. Investigations were followed in third trial with correction at the breast skin surface to evaluate tissue-air interferences at skin. 192-Ir HDR sources were simulated on 7 dwell positions on each lumen. Lumens were defined inside a water sphere as saline filled balloon. Results have presented as dose distribution plots in breast and dose volume histogram analysis for PTV. Results: The ICRU-44 breast phantom demonstrated differences less than 1% in breast from water. Air cavity as the lung tissue has not shown significant effects on dose distribution in the breast, but correction at skin surface has caused up to 5% overestimations proximity near this area. However almost in other places in the corrected breast, the matched results to the water phantom have been observed. Conclusion: The results of this investigation indicate no significant deviations from a water phantom without any corrections. Therefore, treatment planning systems can still be used without significant uncertainties in treatment of breast cancer using HDR brachytherapy with Contura device. Differences can be corrected to provide a precise dosimetry but because of underestimated values obtained in water phantom dosimetry it can be a conservative approximation.

Investigating Non-Linear Dynamic Behavior of Dual Steel Frames under the Effect of Near and Far Fields to Fault

This study sought to investigate steel frames’ performance with dual lateral loader system (Frame bending + bracings of divergent and convergent) in near and far filed to fault. In order to this, four categories of steel frame with dual system with 8, 10 and 12 story are designed with average formation based on existing seismic regulation in 2800 standard of Iran and tenth chapter of national regulations of construction (planning and performing steel construction). Time history non-linear dynamic analysis under the effect of near and far field earthquakes has been done on plan’s models. Then the maximum of floors’ dislocation, floors’ drift, roof dislocation, base shear and energy curves of frames are shown and compared with each other. All non-linear time history analyses have been accomplished using PERFORM 3D software.

Analysis of longwall face output in screw-type cutter–loader-and-scraper conveyor system in underground mining of flat-lying coal beds

The article gives the analysis of basic mechanisms in variation of output of longwall face versus its length in the cutter–loader and scrape conveyor system in underground mining of flat-lying coal beds. Based on the analysis of interaction between cutter–loader and scrape conveyor, the dependence between the maximum output of longwall face and the longwall length is determined.

PC & ARM-based Design of Remote Control System for Intelligent Home

The core processor of this system is S3C44B0X, the kernel of which is ARMTTDMI. External extension Flash, SDRAM and an Ethernet interface are used to provide remote PC Internet access. Self-made Humidity & wind speed sensor is used to collect environmental data, with stepper motors and relays as the executing agency to control the plant object. With regard to software, vectoring procedure boot loader and operating system uClinux are transplanted to development platform. Meanwhile, an embedded web server is built by way of Boa and CGI to uclinux. Website programs based on embedded web server are written to receive user requests, return to the page and call the relevant subprograms (collection and control) and ultimately meet intelligent home system requirements for remote network control.

무선 갠트리 로더 시스템 개발

갠트리 로더(Gantry loader)는 생산설비 자동화의 물류이송에서 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 최근 물류 반송거리가 확대되면서 이동반(Carrier)과 제어반(Controller)의 유선연결로 갠트리 운동의 장해, 주기적 유지보수로 인한 시간 지연 등이 문제점으로 대두되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이동반과 제어반의 연결을 무선화 하여 생산효율을 향상시키고자 갠트리 로더의 기구부를 트롤리 바(Trolley Bar)를 사용하여 개선하고 무선통신 시스템과 모션 제어기 및 제어 프로그램을 제작하여 무선 갠트리 로더 시스템을 개발하였으며 유선 갠트리 시스템과의 비교 평가를 통해 정밀도와 안정성을 확인하였다. Gantry loader which is also called as gantry robot is a kind of cartesian coordinate robot with two or more linear motions. A conventional gantry system has cableveyor for protecting power and signal cables, but the use of cableveyor makes a delay of work due to frequent repairing for its aging. This study reports that a wireless gantry loader is able to be operated without a power line for power transmission or a signal cable for motion control. The wireless gantry loader enables a convenient maintenance and a stable productivity by the reduction of wire broken from fatigue. The developed loader system is controlled by PC-based motion controller and is communicated by wireless LAN devices. The line from a power source to the loader system was substituted by attaching trolley bar on the traveling beam. The loader system was designed to be moved with high speed and high repeatability, and the motion was observed continuously by monitoring system in the PC-based controller. The maximum speed and the repeatability for the transferring and loading axes are 200 m/min, 60 mm and 100 m/min, 40 mm respectively.

전달 경로 분석과 패널 기여도 분석을 이용한 휠로더의 실내소음 저감에 관한 연구

Transfer path analysis(TPA) and panel contribution analysis(PCA) have been used widely to reduce interior noise of mechanical systems. TPA enables us to decompose interior noise into air-borne and structure-borne noises and estimate the path contribution of noise sources. PCA is also used to identify the noise contribution of each sub-panel in vibro-acoustic systems. In this paper, TPA and PCA are applied to wheel loader, one of the heavy construction equipments. Firstly, TPA for air-borne noise is conducted to estimate the contribution of air-borne sources using pressure transfer function. Thereafter, TPA for structure -borne noise is employed to verify the results of air-borne source quantification through the synthesis of two results. Secondly, PCA is performed by both TPA using pressure transfer function between panels inside the cabin and boundry element method(BEM) for the cabin of wheel loader with various boundary conditions. As a results, it was found that TPA conducted by experiments and PCA accomplished by both experiments and BEM are very effective methods in analyzing the path and contribution of the noises for reducing an interior noise level in the wheel loader system.

Automated 100-position specimen loader and image acquisition system for transmission electron microscopy

We report the development of a novel, multi-specimen imaging system for high-throughput transmission electron microscopy. Our cartridge-based loading system, called the “Gatling”, permits the sequential examination of as many as 100 specimens in the microscope for room temperature electron microscopy using mechanisms for rapid and automated specimen exchange. The software for the operation of the Gatling and automated data acquisition has been implemented in an updated version of our in-house program AutoEM. In the current implementation of the system, the time required to deliver 95 specimens into the microscope and collect overview images from each is about 13 h. Regions of interest are identified from a low magnification atlas generation from each specimen and an unlimited number of higher magnifications images can be subsequently acquired from these regions using fully automated data acquisition procedures that can be controlled from a remote interface. We anticipate that the availability of the Gatling will greatly accelerate the speed of data acquisition for a variety of applications in biology, materials science, and nanotechnology that require rapid screening and image analysis of multiple specimens.

Helicase binding to DnaI exposes a cryptic DNA-binding site during helicase loading in Bacillus subtilis

The Bacillus subtilis DnaI, DnaB and DnaD proteins load the replicative ring helicase DnaC onto DNA during priming of DNA replication. Here we show that DnaI consists of a C-terminal domain (Cd) with ATPase and DNA-binding activities and an N-terminal domain (Nd) that interacts with the replicative ring helicase. A Zn2+-binding module mediates the interaction with the helicase and C67, C70 and H84 are involved in the coordination of the Zn2+. DnaI binds ATP and exhibits ATPase activity that is not stimulated by ssDNA, because the DNA-binding site on Cd is masked by Nd. The ATPase activity resides on the Cd domain and when detached from the Nd domain, it becomes sensitive to stimulation by ssDNA because its cryptic DNA-binding site is exposed. Therefore, Nd acts as a molecular ‘switch’ regulating access to the ssDNA binding site on Cd, in response to binding of the helicase. DnaI is sufficient to load the replicative helicase from a complex with six DnaI molecules, so there is no requirement for a dual helicase loader system.