Load Cell Test Research Articles

RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PEMILAH PADA BIJI BUAH KELAPA SAWIT BERDASARKAN WARNA DAN BERAT

In the palm oil industry, processing oil palm kernels in the field to improve the quality of palm oil produced is an important activity. Palm kernel harvesting occurs when the oil content is highest and the free fatty acid content is lowest. To maximize the harvest, it is necessary to develop a Sorting Equipment Design on Palm Oil Seeds based on color and weight carried out in Penajam Paser Utara. The purpose of this tool is to detect the maturity level of oil palm kernels with the TCS3200 Sensor, as well as reading the weight of oil palm seeds with the Loadcell Sensor. The main components in making this tool include TCS3200 Sensor and Loadcell Sensor, with other supporting components namely Conveyor, Infrared (IR) Sensor, DC Motor, Servo Motor, and LCD.The results of the IR sensor test had an average error of 0.05 in distance readings, the Loadcell test had an average error of 1.08 in weight readings and the TCS 3200 Sensor had no error in determining the maturity category in oil palm fruit seeds.

Thermally crosslinked and quaternized polybenzimidazole ionomer binders for solid alkaline fuel cells

A novel anion-conducting ionomer binder, quaternized polybenzimidazoles (QPBIs) with 4-methyl-4-glycidylmorpholin-4-ium chloride (MGMC) in the main-chain and/or in the side group were synthesized for solid alkaline fuel cells (SAFCs). Crosslinking of the polybenzimidazole derivatives using a crosslinker containing epoxy groups formed ionomer binder in electrodes, and the crosslinked QPBIs showed better mechanical stability than non-crosslinked QPBIs. During the electrode drying process, on-site crosslinking was introduced to form thermally crosslinked ionomer binder in catalyst layers. A bench-scale SAFC with the crosslinked QPBI (CQPBI) containing 35 wt% of ionomer binder showed higher peak power density (35.3 mW cm−2) than the SAFC with 2,2′(m-phenylene)-5,5′bibenzimidazole (m-PBI) with 35 wt% of ionomer binder (20.9 mW cm−2). The membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) with CQPBI (35 wt% binder) showed two times higher chemical stability than that with m-PBI (35 wt% of ionomer binder) in load cell tests.

Double layer load cell test of self-balanced method for bearing capacity of super-long bored piles

The large diameter super-long bored pile’s bearing capacity is generally very high. The self-balanced method is a new type of static load test method, and it is suitable for the test. At Yueqing Bay No. 1 Bridge, a pile with diameter of 2500 mm and length of 112.0 m was discussed in detail. The post grouting technology at pile bottom was used. The self-balanced method was carried out before and after post grouting. The double layer load cell test method was introduced. The ultimate bearing capacity of the upper, the middle, and the lower part piles were obtained. The test results were converted to the traditional top-down method. The ultimate bearing capacity before grouting was 46932 kN, and it was 70680 kN after grouting. The increment percentage was 50.6%.

Experimental Investigation of Tractor and Pusher Hexacopter Performance

Multicopters are increasingly becoming popular for hobby and commercial applications. A variety of quadcopter, hexacopter, and octocopter configurations have emerged, yet few publications carefully investigate their performance. This paper contributes results from a series of dynamometer, wind-tunnel, and autonomous flight tests over different propeller configurations, flight speeds, and angles of attack. A modular small hexacopter platform providing propulsion unit redundancy is tested in the standard tractor configuration and a less common pusher configuration. Static thrust as a function of propeller, motor revolutions per minute, and motor current was determined from dynamometer tests. The hexacopter was mounted on a load cell test stand, and data were collected in the University of Michigan’s wind tunnel over different freestream flow speeds, motor thrust percentages, and hexacopter angles of attack. To validate wind-tunnel performance findings, outdoor autonomous flight tests were conducted. Results show the pusher configuration generates approximately 15% more thrust (lift) than do tractor propellers; however, they exhibit a relatively poor lift-to-drag ratio. These results suggests that a pusher configuration hexacopter will have higher efficiency for local-area surveillance applications requiring hover and slow flight, whereas a tractor configuration is more efficient for payload transport applications that require forward flight at appreciable velocities.

A model for the vibrator–ground coupling vibration and the dynamic responses under excitation of sweep signal

To analyze the behavior of the vibrator–ground coupling vibration, a model containing equivalent dynamic stiffness and equivalent dynamic damping to describe the interaction between the vibrator and the ground is established based on half-space theory. According to load cell test, this model shows a good agreement with the experimental data. Dynamic responses of the structure are analyzed on displacement, velocity, acceleration, and ground force. Results show that the stroke and pump displacement are main constraints that limit the bandwidth of vibrator toward low frequency, and the stroke of conventional vibrator is not long enough to achieve lower frequency. Analysis of velocity response indicates that with the increase of frequency, a larger mass results in a lower velocity under external force. The influence of the ground acting on the baseplate is limited, and the acceleration of the baseplate is determined by its own mass beyond 80 Hz. Analysis of ground force shows that the response of the structure can be divided into three stages. The reaction mass, the baseplate, and the ground play different roles in dominating the ground force at different frequency bands.

Design of Prototype System for Temperature and Humidity Control in Flour Storage

Storage of wheat flour requires good temperature and humidity to avoid mold growth that can damage the nutrients in wheat flour. The temperatures and humidity required for proper storage are above temperatures and humidity below 60% RH. The method used in flour storage is FIFO (First In First Out) using a Load cell sensor as a marker for flour input. The incoming flour will input the time, location and amount of flour, so that it can be easily determined which flour will come out first. To facilitate monitoring of temperature, humidity and stock amount in flour storage in this study, sending monitoring data wirelessly using an internet network that can be accessed anywhere. The test results of this study show that the DHT22 sensor can measure temperature and humidity well, which has a RE (Relative Error) value of 0.5% temperature and 3.9% humidity compared to the HTC-1 measuring instrument. The load cell test compared to digital scales has an accurate value using a linear formula. In the QoS test, sending sensor data to the web server has a good value according to the ITU-T standard, namely delay <150ms

Simulation of Galian C Mining Communication Management between the Company and the Local Government

The purpose of making this system is to monitor the purchase of excavated sand C to reduce fraudulent payment of levies by mine owners and make it easier for DISPENDA to control mining vehicles. This system uses 2 pieces of RFID which are used to identify vehicle numbers that leave and enter the mine. At the entrance and exit of the mine there is a load cell that is used forweighing the weight of sand which is used as the basis for the levy value and the price of sand. From the results of the load cell test, it shows that the calibration results were carried out well. This is proven by the measurement accuracy of the load cell. Based on data from test resultsQOS where the average value of transmission delay is 113.5 ms, throughput is at 0.077 mbit / sec - 0.138 mbit / sec and packet loss is 0.0%. In accordance with the TIPHON standard, this situation belongs to a very good range.

DEVELOPMENT OF SLOPE MONITORING DEVICE USING ACCELEROMETER

There are many types of instruments that have been used for monitoring the high risk slopes as a precaution to prevent the loss of lives. Unfortunately, there is no such works of installation slope monitoring instrumentation as detectors and preventive actions before the slope failure. Automatic Wireless Accelerometer Monitoring System (AWAM) is a new device of monitoring system using accelerometer, introduced in this research. It is more efficient than conventional techniques and less expensive. The application and operation of this system does not interrupted by physical obstacles, different climate conditions, and the construction works at site. In addition, no contact is required since the accelerometers are installed on the slope. Consequently, geomorphology limitations are not considered as limitations of the system operation. This paper discusses the sensor database system by AWAM and shows the effectiveness of the device to monitor slope failures and act as a warning sign. It was presented in two parts; the first part consisted of the physical modelling calibration test from sensor database system (AWAM device) and from load cell test while the second part discussed on the numerical model simulated by using software (Slope/W and LimitState) and the data from vane shear test. The AWAM device can be used as a monitoring system to detect soil movements. However, accelerometer was able to give AWAM’s readings if the device is moving in tilting modes.

광섬유 센서를 이용한 인장형 그라운드 앵커의 장력측정

그라운드 앵커공법은 현재 우리나라에서 가장 일반적으로 사용되는 사면보강공법들 중 하나이다. 그러므로 앵커로 보강된 사면의 안정성을 장기간 확인하기 위해서는 그라운드 앵커의 긴장력을 측정하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 그러나 전통적인 로드 셀 방식의 측정기술을 제외하고는 특별한 기술이 개발된 것이 없다. 본 논문에서는 지반구조물의 보강을 위해 널리 사용되는 그라운드 앵커의 단기 및 장기 장력을 측정하기 위해 기존에 현장에서 주로 사용되는 스트레인게이지 또는 V/W 타입 로드 셀을 대체할 수 있는 새로운 방법에 대하여 기술하였다. 사용된 센서는 스트레인게이지 또는 V/W타입의 센서에 비해 크기가 작고 내구성이 우수하며 전자기파에 의한 노이즈 발생이 없는 광섬유 브래그격자(Fiber Bragg Grating ; FBG)센서이다. FBG 센서를 내장한 7연 강연선을 이용하여 원하는 위치에서 변형률 감지가 가능한 인장형 앵커를 제작하고 앵커 정착장을 연암과 화강풍화토 지반조건에 각각 2세트(set)씩 시공하여 현장인발실험을 수행하였다. 재하-제하단계를 포함하는 전 하중단계에서 FBG센서로 측정된 변형률로부터 장력 모니터링을 수행하였고 기존 로드 셀로 측정된 결과와 비교하였다. 현장 인발실험 결과, 제안된 광섬유 센서를 이용한 그라운드 앵커의 시공 중 긴장력 측정결과 실내 UTM 결과와 달리 약간의 차이가 있으나 실용적인 차원에서는 충분히 활용 가능한 것으로 확인되었다. Ground anchor method is one of the most popular reinforcing technology in Korea. For the sound monitoring of slope reinforced by permanent anchor for a long period, monitoring the tension force of ground anchor is very important. However, special technology except conventional load cell has not been developed for this purpose. In this paper, a new method is described to replace the conventional strain gauge and V.W. type load cell which has been commonly used as a prestress force monitoring tool for a short-term and long-term. Four 11.5 m long strain detectable tension type anchors were made using FBG sensor embedded tendon since FBG sensor is smaller than strain gauge type load cell and does not have noise from electromagnetic wave. Each two set strain detectable tension type anchors were installed into the different ground conditions, i.e., soft rock and weathered granite soil. Prestress force of ground anchor was monitored during the loading-unloading step from in-situ pullout test using proposed FBG sensor embedded in the tendon and the conventional load cell Test results show that the prestress force monitored from FBG sensor may well be used practically, for it almost matches with that measured from expensive load cell.

Development of steady-state magnetic sensor

A prototype of a new mechanical sensor for steady-state magnetic field has been manufactured and tested which consists of a sensing coil and a load cell. The mechanical force sensor is a new type of magnetic sensor feasible for frequencies smaller than 0.1 Hz and employs the measurement of steady-state electromagnetic force. The sensor has been examined, and the following results were obtained. (1) A signal proportionality to simulated force was obtained in the load cell tests. (2) Reproducible signal drift concerning the temperature was obtained over the range of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor environment. (3) Signal proportionality to the magnetic field was obtained in the steady-state magnetic field measurement tests. (4) The significant increase of load cell linearity error was not observed after irradiation of 7.2×106 Gy. These results indicate that the mechanical sensor will provide the practical feasibility in the long time magnetic field measurement.