Living Lab Research Articles

Exploring a geodesign approach for circular economy transition of cities and regions: Three European cases

Transitioning towards a circular built environment and turning waste into resources have become one of the new sustainability paradigms today. However, a circular transition can be considered a ‘wicked problem’. The multiple dimensions and scales of the circular transition and its substantial spatial implications fit well into the planning approach of Geodesign. The Horizon 2020 funded project “Resource Management in the periurban Areas - Going beyond Urban Metabolism (REPAiR)” implemented an innovative Geodesign approach. Moreover, it explored its capability to support spatial decision-making processes for the circular economy transition of the built environment within urban planning practices. This article aims to understand to what extent a process of Geodesign, which is conducted with the support of a digital tool and a Living Lab approach, can support the creation of localised circular economy strategies and foster the circular economy transition in cities and territories. The analysis explores and compares the results of three European cases -Amsterdam, Hamburg and Naples. It considers the kind of data input required to run the process in every phase, the stakeholders involved and their typology, the specific urban or territorial, planning and governance scales of analysis, and the final output definition after the Geodesign process implementation. The approach outputs constitute a decision support system for easing negotiations between local actors regarding the circularity strategies to implement. The findings reveal an intertwinement between different forms of knowledge included in the process, ranging from sustainability to governance and design, and the actors engaged in planning a circularity transition spatially. However, even using similar starting data, the local information and the starting conditions strongly influence the process and the types of strategies elaborated in each case.

A Living Lab approach to understanding dairy farmers' technology and data needs to improve herd health: Focus groups from 6 European countries

For successful development and adoption of technology on dairy farms, farmers need to be included in the innovation process. However, the design of agricultural technologies usually takes a top-down approach with little involvement of end-users at the early stages. Living Labs offer a methodology that involve end-users throughout the development process and emphasize the importance of understanding users' needs. Currently, exploration of dairy farmers' needs of technologies has been limited to specific types of technology (e.g., smartphone apps) and adult cattle. The aim of this study was to use a Living Lab approach to identify dairy farmers' needs of data and technologies to improve herd health and inform innovation development. Eighteen focus groups were conducted with, in total, 80 dairy farmers from Belgium, Ireland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and the UK. Data were analyzed using Template Analysis and 6 themes were generated which represented the fundamental needs of autonomy, comfort, competence, community and relatedness, purpose, and security. Farmers favored technologies that provided them with convenience, facilitated their knowledge and understanding of problems on farm, and allowed them to be self-reliant. Issues with data sharing and accessibility, and usability of software were barriers to technology use. Furthermore, farmers were facing problems around recruitment and management of labor and needed ways to reduce stress. Controlling aspects of the barn environment, such as air quality, hygiene, and stocking density, was a particular concern in relation to youngstock management. In conclusion, the findings suggest that developers of farm technologies may want to include farmers in the design process to ensure a positive user experience and improve accessibility. The needs identified in this study can be used as a framework when designing farm technologies to strengthen need satisfaction and reduce any potential harm toward needs.

Responsible living labs: what can go wrong?

PurposeThis study aims to investigate how living lab (LL) activities align with responsible research and innovation (RRI) principles, particularly in artificial intelligence (AI)-driven digital transformation (DT) processes. The study seeks to define a framework termed “responsible living lab” (RLL), emphasizing transparency, stakeholder engagement, ethics and sustainability. This emerging issue paper also proposes several directions for future researchers in the field.Design/methodology/approachThe research methodology involved a literature review complemented by insights from a workshop on defining RLLs. The literature review followed a concept-centric approach, searching key journals and conferences, yielding 32 relevant articles. Backward and forward citation analysis added 19 more articles. The workshop, conducted in the context of UrbanTestbeds.JR and SynAir-G projects, used a reverse brainstorming approach to explore potential ethical and responsible issues in LL activities. In total, 13 experts engaged in collaborative discussions, highlighting insights into AI’s role in promoting RRI within LL activities. The workshop facilitated knowledge sharing and a deeper understanding of RLL, particularly in the context of DT and AI.FindingsThis emerging issue paper highlights ethical considerations in LL activities, emphasizing user voluntariness, user interests and unintended participation. AI in DT introduces challenges like bias, transparency and digital divide, necessitating responsible practices. Workshop insights underscore challenges: AI bias, data privacy and transparency; opportunities: inclusive decision-making and efficient innovation. The synthesis defines RLLs as frameworks ensuring transparency, stakeholder engagement, ethical considerations and sustainability in AI-driven DT within LLs. RLLs aim to align DT with ethical values, fostering inclusivity, responsible resource use and human rights protection.Originality/valueThe proposed definition of RLL introduces a framework prioritizing transparency, stakeholder engagement, ethics and sustainability in LL activities, particularly those involving AI for DT. This definition aligns LL practices with RRI, addressing ethical implications of AI. The value of RLL lies in promoting inclusive and sustainable innovation, prioritizing stakeholder needs, fostering collaboration and ensuring environmental and social responsibility throughout LL activities. This concept serves as a foundational step toward a more responsible and sustainable LL approach in the era of AI-driven technologies.

Measuring and visualising 15-min-areas for fair CO2 budget distribution

The “MyFairShare” project develops fair CO2 mobility budgets for individuals. Here, “fairness” mainly depends on the people’s location as everyone should be able to access all destinations necessary to perform everyday tasks. Therefore, a basic understanding about the accessibility of facilities to visit within an area is needed, regarding all activities that must be performed. Given this, the amount of emitted CO2 is computed, assuming the use of sustainable modes while regarding reasonable ranges, i.e. a travel time of 15 min. In order to achieve this, a software system for computing this metric has been developed. It is based on open source applications and uses data that—besides public transport data in GTFS format—is freely available throughout Europe. This paper describes the method and presents the results of applying it to the project’s five Living Labs Berlin, Jelgava, London, Sarpsborg, and Vienna. The results show that besides population density, the possibility to use sustainable modes of transport highly depend on the land use mix, i.e. the allocation of facilities daily activities may be performed at in the vicinity of places of inhabitancy.

Categorizing digital data collection and intervention tools in health and wellbeing living lab settings: A modified Delphi study

BackgroundHealth and Wellbeing Living Labs are a valuable research infrastructure for exploring innovative solutions to tackle complex healthcare challenges and promote overall wellbeing. A knowledge gap exists in categorizing and understanding the types of ICT tools and technical devices employed by Living Labs. AimDefine a comprehensive taxonomy that effectively categorizes and organizes the digital data collection and intervention tools employed in Health and Wellbeing Living Lab research studies. MethodsA modified consensus-seeking Delphi study was conducted, starting with a pre-study involving a survey and semistructured interviews (N=30) to gather information on existing equipment. The follow-up three Delphi rounds with a panel of living lab experts (R1 N=18, R2 - 3 N=15) from 10 different countries focused on achieving consensus on the category definitions, ease of reading, and included subitems for each category. Due to the controversial results in the 2nd round of qualitative feedback, an online workshop was organized to clarify the contradictory issues. ResultsThe resulting taxonomy included 52 subitems, which were divided into three levels as follows: The first level consists of 'devices for data monitoring and collection' and 'technologies for intervention.' At the second level, the 'data monitoring and collection' category is further divided into 'environmental' and 'human' monitoring. The latter includes the following third-level categories: 'biometrics,' 'activity and behavioral monitoring,' 'cognitive ability and mental processes,' 'electrical biosignals and physiological monitoring measures,' '(primary) vital signs,' and 'body size and composition.' At the second level, 'technologies for intervention' consists of 'assistive technology,' 'extended reality – XR (VR & AR),' and 'serious games' categories. ConclusionA common language and standardized terminology are established to enable effective communication with living labs and their customers. The taxonomy opens a roadmap for further studies to map related devices based on their functionality, features, target populations, and intended outcomes, fostering collaboration and enhancing data capture and exploitation.

Bridging Sustainability Realms: A Thematic Synthesis of Sustainable Living Labs

This review paper aims to shed light on the concept of sustainable living labs by reviewing earlier studies on the subject. Within the discipline of architecture, academic research has witnessed a noticeable surge of interest in sustainable living and living labs since the early 2000s. However, the body of literature on these two subjects remains limited in quantity. To comprehend this gap, the present review article examines a collection of 41 articles, published between 2014 and 2023 obtained from journals in Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct focused on architecture, innovation, and sustainability. This research explores diverse topics in sustainable living labs focusing firstly on university campuses as sustainable living labs, second on innovation in sustainable living labs, third on sustainable living labs to achieve sustainable development goals, and finally on urban sustainable living labs. Additionally, this paper provides a comparative overview of the methodological approaches utilized in the reviewed articles. a gap in the literature has been identified in the integration of sustainable living and living labs as a combined concept, to create research that focuses on the impact of sustainable living labs. Finally, research shows that there is a lack of focus on understanding the impact of such sustainable living labs among specific users such as architectural students, which can add value to the existing body of literature in future studies.

Liberal Arts Education in the Anthropocene and the PBL Living Lab : Focusing on Korea University's Core Liberal Arts Course LIBERTY JUSTICE TRUTH Ⅱ

In this article, we discuss the meaning and possibility of convergence liberal arts education in the Anthropocene. This article introduces the development process of the LIBERTY JUSTICE TRUTH Ⅱ, core curriculum at Korea University, and describes the educational significance of PBL and the living lab, which are at the core of the course. The liberal arts education of the Anthropocene should move towards the transformation of social and technological systems for sustainability. PBL is gaining attention as a learner-centered educational methodology, and the ‘living lab’ is emerging as a methodology that expands the social and public role of universities by emphasizing active linkage and cooperation with local communities. The characteristics of the PBL process of the LIBERTY JUSTICE TRUTH Ⅱ course are as follows. First, it implements a student-centered teaching model. Second, it establishes a co-agents model that unites and cooperates through a network of actors with diverse perspectives, knowledge, and experiences. Third, it implements a living lab that solves social problems practiced by learners as citizens and educational subjects. In the Anthropocene, humans need to change their thinking and behavior and their relationships with other living and non-living beings. Since it requires students to think about and put into practice a fundamental transformation of the human condition, the design idea of the LIBERTY JUSTICE TRUTH Ⅱ course embodies the essence of liberal arts education in the Anthropocene. The course, which combines PBL and a living lab, has practical significance as a liberal arts education program for the transformation of contemporary thinking and behavior.

Urban living labs as public policy for smart cities: Evidence from tech parks in São Paulo, Brazil

Technology Park projects have been developed as Urban Living Labs to plan compact and multifunctional cities that integrate sustainability and innovation. Due to accelerated urbanization, the climate crisis, and post-pandemic challenges in the Global South, governments, businesses, and academia are working together on solutions for smarter and more sustainable cities. In this regard, a case study of the International Hub for Sustainable Development (HIDS) in Campinas, São Paulo, was conducted to comprehend these projects' potential in urban planning processes. This exploratory research is based on data collection following a mix of primary and secondary data and semi-structured interviews with 11 members of the HIDS advisory board with a technical profile. The results demonstrate how this type of initiative in Brazil has been configured as a public policy of innovation with the potential to boost urban planning for smart and sustainable cities. Over time, these projects have multiplied in the country, reaching 93 in 2021, with 58 in operation, 13 in the implementation stage, and 22 in planning.

Cultivating Sustainability: Quebec’s Living Labs as Ecological Catalysts

Agriculture is often considered a major factor in environmental degradation. This case study delves into the use of sociotechnical experiments—and, more specifically, agroecosystem living labs (ALLs)—to facilitate the transition of conventional agricultural practices toward heightened sustainability. Our research indicates that achieving successful collaboration, such as an experiment, necessitates the alignment of expectations, the establishment of trust, the cultivation of patience, and the allocation of substantial resources. This investigation into agroecosystem living labs contributes to our comprehension of the actors’ networks, their interactions with experimental sites, and the dynamics of open innovation.

Contextualizing and generalizing drivers and barriers of urban living labs for climate resilience

AbstractUrban Living Labs are open innovation ecosystems that integrate research and innovation activities within urban communities. However, while solutions co‐created and tested in the Urban Living Labs must be contextualized and tailored to each city's uniqueness, broader impact requires generalization and systematic replication across geographical, institutional, and sectoral boundaries. This article examines nine Living Labs in European coastal cities, identifying several barriers and drivers for mainstreaming and upscaling solutions to increase climate resilience through the Living Lab Integrative Process. Our analysis focuses on three main categories. First, social and cultural aspects highlighted include stakeholder engagement and awareness, communication, and dissemination. Second, we assess institutional and political aspects, such as silos, bureaucracy, and resources. Last, we investigate technical factors as knowledge and experience, technical and internal capacity, data availability and accessibility, climate‐related policies and actions, and long‐term perspective. The results suggest that while some barriers and drivers are common across the cases, providing generalizable patterns, there are also specific differences requiring tailored solutions at the local scale. Nonetheless, the diversity in drivers indicates the potential for sharing knowledge across cases to translate, embed, and scale solutions, enhancing the transition toward climate resilience. Learning and innovation in real‐life contexts are fundamental in the Living Lab approach, and our findings demonstrate that cross‐case learning can enhance an iterative process of contextualizing and generalizing innovative climate solutions.

SustAinimal Grazing Living Lab – a survey of grazing management on dairy farms in northern Sweden

ABSTRACT A survey was conducted on 302 Sweden dairy farms (response rate 98%) to identify grazing and grassland management strategies and main challenges to grazing in northern Sweden. The most common grazing strategy on all dairy farms was continuous grazing (59%) followed by rotational grazing (45%), while organic dairy farms preferentially adopted rotational grazing (69%). The main challenges reported in grazing dairy cows on temporary grasslands on conventional farms were trampling damage and seasonal variations in grass growth, while for organic dairy farmers, the primary challenge was weed control. Only a few farms had grazing on semi-natural grasslands. Future sustainable grazing should focus on optimising grazing strategy in relation to on-farm grazing locations and nutrient supply for high-yielding dairy cows.

SAMSax—An Innovative Living Lab for the Advancement of a Circular Economy through Additive Manufacturing Technologies

The sustainable development of products is of great interest to both industry and consumers due to various factors, such as anthropogenic climate change and the scarcity of resources and materials. In response to this, the simul+ Living Lab Sustainable Additive Manufacturing in Saxony (SAMSax) has been established as a physical experimental space aimed at improving the sustainability of products. This includes selecting resource-efficient manufacturing processes, using renewable materials, reducing energy consumption during use, and designing for recyclability. The innovative approach of the lab also integrates an open innovation process, involving present and potential stakeholders. Collaborating closely with stakeholders from industry, academia, and government fosters idea generation, provides solution approaches, and enhances acceptance and practical implementation. Methodologically, SAMSax focuses on upcycling organic and inorganic residues as well as by-products from industry and agriculture, reintegrating them as innovative components in industrial production using additive manufacturing (“3D printing”). The Living Lab provides a space for networking and active knowledge transfer through digital technologies, analyses, and collaborative developments, enabling the testing and evaluation of innovations in a real-world environment. Several potential waste materials suitable for additive manufacturing and new products have already been identified. In addition to industrial residues, materials, such as paper and wood dust; industrial by-products, such as sand; and agricultural residues, like harvest residues, are being analyzed, processed, and tested using additive manufacturing in the laboratory. In this way, SAMSax can contribute to an integrated and consistent circular economy. The research aims to demonstrate that the SAMSax Living Lab is a crucial driver of innovation in the field of additive manufacturing. Furthermore, this study contributes by presenting the Living Lab as an application-oriented research environment, focusing on innovative implementation in small- and medium-sized enterprises.

Dynamics of sustained co-design in Urban Living Labs

ABSTRACT Urban Living Labs (ULLs) are increasingly applied to tackle wicked design challenges in smart cities and smart mobility contexts. A persisting challenge for ULLs in urban contexts is creating engagement and scaling research insights and design findings. Drawing on a case study concerned with the co-design of future mobility services, where private and public sectors collaborated to explore future mobility in two different user communities, we explore co-design and scaling dynamics from a participatory infrastructure perspective. Based on the findings, we introduce the concepts of patching and cogitation. Cogitation is defined as a reflective state, which revolves around the act of embracing co-design methods and logic to address a design challenge. Patching is described as an activity that aids in scaling findings and insights from ULLs to support cogitation within the ULL, and the sustaining of findings into other contexts. We argue that the concepts of patching and cogitation can help researchers and practitioners understand the micro-dynamics of engaged co-design and scaling dynamics and provide support when planning, managing, and analysing participatory infrastructures such as ULLs.

Urban living labs as innovation infrastructure for local urban intervention acceleration and student social learning: the impacts on community wellbeing in Heerlen.

Cities are championing urban experiments in order to address societal challenges and increased urban complexity. In fact, and following fellow researchers, urban experiments are used as a method in a broader trend in public policy to align urban planning with citizen needs by viewing cities as platforms for societal transformation that require, and should draw on, active involvement of residents. In this study, we demonstrate the impacts of placemaking and Urban Living Labs not only for healthy environments but also in facilitating transdisciplinary learning. Therefore, we elaborate on the Aurora transformation process in the neighborhood GMS in Heerlen-North as being one of the 16 Dutch neighborhoods that need extra attention to its socio-urban challenges due to the historical context and consequent local development. Hence, providing two main results for ULLs as infrastructure for innovation for community wellbeing. First, as an alternative spatial planning approach for urban contexts with extreme social-urban conditions that draw on the multitude of local values to generate and accelerate urban transformations going beyond the traditional impacts of urban transformations including public health equity, health outcomes, and addressing social-economic determinants of community wellbeing. Second, as an infrastructure for education innovation encompassing and operationalising social learning theory. Subsequently, it addresses societal issues in these neighborhoods, such as loneliness, social exclusion, or democratic decision-making more appropriately and enhances student, and urban stakeholder, learning through transdisciplinary collaboration among those involved and by connecting education, research methods and questions, and real-life socio-urban challenges. We conclude the article by emphasizing its novelty, providing a discussion, and enumerating implications for theory, practice, policy, and research.

A Living Lab for Family Centered Knowledge Exchange in Pediatric Rehabilitation and Development Research: A Study Protocol

Background Historically, the experiences and voices of children and youth living with neurodiversity or rehabilitation needs and their families have not been fully represented in health research. Formative research in this context indicates that families value learning from the experiences of other families as well as from empirical research. However, innovative systems are needed to support this imperative. In response, we co-designed a virtual living lab with families and clinicians to support family-centered knowledge exchange in neurodiversity and rehabilitation research. Living labs are collaborative, user-centered, long-term, and multimethod systems with potential to support the exchange of knowledge of lived experience. This proposal outlines a longitudinal arts-based and qualitative research study that incorporates storytelling as a powerful tool to elicit and exchange stories of lived experience through the virtual living lab, and subsequent usability testing of the platform. Methods and Analysis Stage 1- We will conduct an integrated knowledge translation study inclusive of user centered lab design and construction. Stage 2- We will conduct a 6-month longitudinal qualitative storytelling study with 30–40 participants including neurodiverse children and youth ages 5–19 years, their siblings, and parent/guardians, guided by the F-words framework which is based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. Following user-registration within the virtual lab, participants will complete a minimum of 1 story monthly, accompanied by an arts-based component, for 6 months. Conclusion Findings will inform the co-development of an arts-based knowledge translation resource to communicate key findings. Stage 3- A subset of families will be sampled to complete usability testing of the living lab platform and storytelling feature using a sequential explanatory mixed methods design. Usability evaluation will inform future platform refinements and provide indications of acceptability and use across subgroups.

Interest of a Hospital-Based Geriatric Living Lab among Inpatients with Neurocognitive Disorders: The ALLEGRIA Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to determine the participation rates, levels of engagement, and abilities to answer User eXperience (UX) questionnaires according to the presence and severity of major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD) among participants involved in gerontechnological experimentations within a hospital-based geriatric clinical living lab. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis examining all consecutive geriatric patients involved in the Allegro living lab experimentations, separated according to the presence and severity of MNCD. Participation rates were assessed using the “Task-Based Experiment”-type User eXperience (TBE-UX). Participation was considered successful if patients fully completed the TBE-UX experimental procedure. Engagement level was characterized using a five-point scale: interactive, constructive, active, passive, and disengaged. The abilities to answer UX questionnaires were characterized using a five-point scale from “no completion” to “completion in autonomy.” Results: 313 patients were included. All patients without MNCD and with mild MNCD fully completed the TBE-UX procedures. Their engagement behaviors were rather active and constructive. All patients without MNCD and 88% of those with mild MNCD were able to fully complete the UX questionnaires. 96.2% of the patients with moderate MNCD fully followed the TBE-UX procedures. Their engagement behaviors were mainly active or passive. 64.2% were able to fully complete the UX questionnaires. 76.5% of the patients with severe MNCD fully followed the TBE-UX procedures. Their engagement behaviors were mainly passive or disengaged. 35.3% were able to fully complete the UX questionnaires. Conclusion: Living lab experimentations appear feasible with older adults, even with those with MNCD. Task support can be offered to those with severe MNCD.

Repairing Landscapes toward the Regeneration of Periurban Ecologies. A Living Lab process in the South of Italy

Contemporary metropolitan areas present landscapes in transition towards sustainability, showing a regenerative potential based on their own natural, aesthetic, social, eco-systemic characteristics. This is connected to forms of landscape regeneration, taking into account different structures: spatial features, economic forces, but also communities’ perceptions and imaginaries. This paper unpacks this general question by making reference to some experimentations in the Campania Region in the South of Italy, and by investigating the ecological dimension within an Urban Metabolism approach and through a Living Labs methodology, to achieve communities’ and institutional engagement in the co-creation of knowledgea and regeneration strategies.

Development of an economically viable plastic recovery waste management system in Cibodas and Padamukti Village, West Java

Out of the 2,142 existing community-managed sorting and recycling facilities in Indonesia, known as TPS-3R, only 14% are functioning optimally due to economic challenges, highlighting the need for financially viable TPS-3R. To address this issue, the research aims to recommend an economically viable plastic recovery waste management system with optimum residue and income. Cibodas and Padamukti Villages are chosen as the case study location, as it has only 20% waste collection coverage and is located in the Citarum Watershed, whose river is a source of water for 60 million people and is part of the Citarik Ecotourism Living Lab. Primary data collection was carried out through interviews with recyclers in the villages and through waste volume and composition characterization. Three scenarios were developed for the Plastic Recovery Facility (PRF) objectives: Scenario 1 (S1) serves as the baseline of PRF, Scenario 2 (S2) buys plastic wastes from existing traders to be processed with more advanced plastic recycling technologies, and Scenario 3 (S3) is a self-sustaining PRF that could be replicated for the whole villages. Data analysis involved mass balance, financial models, BCR, NPV, and multicriteria decision-making. The residue disposed of in landfills is 32%, 17%, and 28% of the total waste managed for S1, S2, and S3. Financial modeling yielded BCR values of 1.06, 1.15, and 1.24, as well as NPV +IDR78,036,332; +IDR465,224,754; and +IDR354,414,072. The results highlight the importance of detailed analysis of mass balance and financial modeling according to the waste composition in any TPS-3R location, especially the differences in the value of rigid and flexible plastics, which will affect the types of technology and products. While the recommended scenario, S3, does not eliminate the need for capital investment from the government, it provides a framework to plan PRF with an operating surplus, which will increase the community’s willingness to run it and ensure the PRF’s long-term functionality to yield social and environmental benefits.

Design and development of serious games for future proof peatland management: Option for virtual Living Labs

Worldwide, including Indonesia and the EU, current (agricultural) use in peatlands is based on massive water drainage. Because drainage leads to environmental problems, many scholars, policy makers and (agricultural) entrepreneurs are rethinking peatland use, aiming for more sustainable peatland management, based on rewetting. However, policymakers and governments often hesitate to implement measures in practice, because rewetting peatlands could have massive socio-economic impacts. Serious Gaming (SG) can facilitate the transition to more sustainable use of peat areas because it provides a safe environment in which social and physical impact of choices can be simulated and evaluated. The SG website http://peatland.eu/ aims to contribute to transition processes for sustainable futures by exploring processes of communication, participation, and social-ecological learning in peatland initiatives. Envisioning a similar impact of this virtual Living Lab it is the ambition to design http://peatland.asia/ and thereby provide a learning strategy for Higher Education Institutes and other interested parties. Achieving such strategy requires a transdisciplinary approach to meet user experience and interface requirements, scientific validity, and contemporary relevance. This paper explores both websites in a context of a collaborative initiative to engage a diversity of peatland colleagues in the further development of interactive relevance of the website.

효율적인 스마트시티 구현을 위한 리빙랩 활성화 방안에 관한 연구

1. CONTENTS (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES This study identified and analyzed the overall status and problems while operating and managing the Smart City Living Lab, and aims to provide appropriate information related to this. In addition, as the preparation of publicity measures is becoming more important, we would like to suggest some improvement (management) measures regarding this. In other words, the purpose is to lay the foundation to further activate the smart city living lab operation to realize a successful smart city in the future. (2) RESEARCH METHOD This study was conducted by investigating academic papers, degree papers, and various homepages. In particular, interviews were conducted with experts and residents with related expertise on the information necessary for the smart city living lab activation plan, and the contents of the interview were organized based on literature data. (3) RESEARCH FINDINGS Technology, government organization, institutions, and market characteristics will all be important in revitalizing smart city living labs, but above all, it will be most important to improve residents' understanding and empathy and encourage continuous participation to get feedback. To this end, it was concluded that organic cooperation from stakeholders should be made to identify problems from a long-term perspective and actively reflect them in the Living Lab for efficient smart city implementation to form a stable relationship. 2. RESULTS As the technological innovation environment changes significantly, horizontal and open-minded innovation in which residents directly participate and cooperate is becoming a new pattern in Smart City Living Lab, and case analysis necessary to maximize the value and potential of Smart City Living Lab is becoming more important. Therefore, this study identified and analyzed the overall status and problems while operating and managing the Smart City Living Lab, and aims to provide appropriate information related to this. In addition, as the preparation of promotional measures is becoming more important, I would like to suggest some improvement (management) measures in this regard. In other words, we wanted to lay the foundation for further revitalizing the operation of the smart city living lab in order to successfully realize the smart city in the future. For about 17 months from July 14, 2021 to December 31, 2022, the interview was conducted on private, national policy, technology, and experts, including corporate experts and residents' council members. In order to realize a smart city, it was concluded that it was necessary to identify problems from a long-term perspective.