Livestock Complexes Research Articles

К ВОПРОСУ ПЕРЕКАЧКИ И ВНЕСЕНИЯ В ПОЧВУ ЖИДКИХ ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ УДОБРЕНИЙ ИЗ ЛАГУН-НАВОЗОХРАНИЛИЩ

The most effective technology for processing, storing and using manure effluents from livestock complexes into organic fertilizers, which involves homogenizing the manure mass in a manure storage lagoon using a pontoon pump, has been substantiated. Shortcomings have been identified in ensuring the working process of pumping from manure storage lagoons and applying liquid organic fertilizers (ZHOU) to the soil, in connection with which a promising unit for transporting ZHOU from a manure storage lagoon and applying them to the soil has been justified and developed. The purpose of the article is to increase the efficiency of the process of pumping and applying ZHOU from manure storage lagoons using an improved unit. An improved design of the unit for applying ZHOU has been developed, which has a high uniformity of distribution of the working fluid over the width of the unit. The test conditions of the unit for applying ZHOU in the fields adjacent to the livestock complex are given. A method has been developed for determining the uniformity of the distribution of ZHOU along the discharge hoses of the unit. Experimental studies of the prototype unit have been carried out. Based on the results of measurements, a histogram of comparative tests with a known variant and graphical dependences of the uniformity of the distribution of ZHOU over the discharge hoses are constructed. The efficiency of the unit is determined, which consists in the uniform distribution of the working fluid of the ZHOU over the width of the unit, due to the use of a distribution dome.

PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE DIGITALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK FARMING (EXAMPLE IN THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN)

The article provides detailed reviews and analyzes of the perspective of artificial intelligence in Uzbekistan. The importance of artificial intelligence in the development of firms, companies, as well as in the fields of medicine, agriculture has been need by process of digitalization. Also, the demographic changes of the Republic of Uzbekistan were analyzed and forecast indicators for 2024-2030 were developed. Based on these forecast indicators, it was determined that by 2030, the demand of the population of the Republic for meat and dairy products will increase by 19.2%, and for milk products by 16.3%. To meet this demand, suggestions and recommendations have been developed for the automation of livestock complexes based on digital technologies, the use of robotic CR-1 and MR-S2 remote-controlled digital technologies for increasing the milk yield of dairy cows

Проблемы современного состояния сельского хозяйства Пермского края

The modern world food market is showing stable trends due to increasing demand for agricultural products. The article examines the state of agriculture in the Perm region, analyzes the structure of the livestock complex, the dynamics of sown areas and agricultural products in the context of livestock and crop production sectors.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ В ЛЕЧЕНИИ КОРОВ, БОЛЬНЫХ ГНОЙНО-КАТАРАЛЬНОЙ ФОРМОЙ МАСТИТА, В УСЛОВИЯХ РЕСПУБЛИКИ СЕВЕРНАЯ ОСЕТИЯ-АЛАНИЯ

Today for veterinary specialists the selection of effective treatment regimens for mastitis in cows in order to reduce treatment time with complete restoration of mammary gland function is an urgent task. For this purpose, we conducted research on the basis of the Iraf-Agro livestock complex in North Ossetia-Alania, on cows with various forms of mastitis. To determine the effectiveness of treatment regimens for mastitis in cows, we formed two groups of 12 heads each and an average weight of 350-400 kg. Nitotx and Cobactan were used as antibacterial drugs, which in a short time have a detrimental effect on both conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microflora. Cows in the control group were administered Nitox intramuscularly at 48-hour intervals at a dose of 1 ml per 10 kg of live weight in combination with intracisternal injection of Mastifort into the affected quarter of the udder once a day for three days. The experimental group was treated with Cobactan at a dose of 2 ml per 45 kg of live weight, and Mastifort was administered to the affected quarter once and Dexofort 0.02 mg per kg of live weight was administered intramuscularly once. The therapeutic effectiveness of complex treatment of mastitis in cows of the experimental group before recovery from mild and moderate forms of mastitis averaged from 92 to 100%. While in the control this figure was 87-100%. The duration of treatment for cows in the experimental group for purulent catarrhal mastitis was on average 5 days, while for cows in the control group it was 8 days. The reduction in treatment time occurred due to the correctly selected combination of broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs in the form of complex therapy for purulent catarrhal mastitis in cows. Thus, the use of these drugs can reduce the time required to restore milk production.

Efficiency of using the "Meadow of Health" feed table cover

The results of using the polymer cover of the feed table "Meadow of Health" in comparison with the concrete feed table are presented. The research was carried out in the conditions of the dairy livestock complex of the Kirov region on milk cows of the Black-and-White Holstein breed during the lactation period. Concrete feed tables for cows during the lactation stabilization period at the time of carrying out had average wear, while the cover of the feed table "Meadow of Health" remained smooth and even for 6 months. The study of microbial contamination of feed table covers showed, that already one month after the beginning of the experiment, the number of microbial cells was 54.7% lower (p < 0.05) in the 1st experimental group, where the "Meadow of Health" cover was used, compared to the concrete table. The amount of uneaten feed residues on the feed tables with the "Meadow of Health" cover was less in comparison with the concrete feed table (p < 0.05), which indicates better palatability of forage mixture from this cover. When transferring cows from polymer cover to concrete from the 2nd month of lactation, a decrease in average daily milk yields by 0.9 kg was observed. By the 4th month of lactation, the reduction in milk yield was 4.8 kg of milk per head per day. When transferring cows from a concrete feed table to a polymer one, there was an increase in milk productivity by 0.4–1.3 kg per head/day. In the first 3 months, the consumption of feed from a polymer-coated table increased by 2.3–5.6% compared to the concrete one. During 5 months of lactation, cows from the cover of the feed table "Meadow of Health" ate feed by 6.8–8.6% more than from concrete, which led to greater productivity of the animals during the analyzed period. The use of the polymer cover of the feed table "Meadow of Health" allowed to get additional profit in the amount of 20,460 rubles and recoup the costs of its installation already on the 39th day of use.

Analysis of the parasitological situation regarding eimeriosis in cattle in the Russian Federation

The purpose of the study is to review the spread of bovine eimeriosis in the territory of the Russian Federation. Objectives of the study: to analyze the epizootic situation of bovine eimeriosis in the territory of the Russian Federation. Bovine coccidiosis is widespread in many regions of Russia and in other countries of the world. The pathogens are more than 10 species of eimeria, which have a specific localization in the body of animals, as well as morphological differences from each other. Three species (E. zuernii, E. bovis and E. alabamensis) are characterized by the highest pathogenicity and are most often associated with the clinical manifestation of the disease. Mostly young animals aged from 2 weeks to 1 year are ill, and adult animals have an asymptomatic form of invasion. In many animals, eimeria causes dangerous diseases, accompanied by a decrease in productivity, the birth of weak offspring, often the death of young animals, and additional feed costs per unit of production. In livestock complexes, the incidence of calves with eimeriosis is 10–100%, and mortality is 25–60%. The maximum infection of calves and adult animals is observed in the spring and autumn periods, and in some regions in the autumn-winter period. It was found that with an increase in the density of calves in the machine, their infection with eimeria increases significantly. The invasion of calves was minimal when kept in individual machines. Given that parasites have a complex developmental biology, one of the most importantmeasures in the complex of measures ensuring the prevention and elimination of animal diseases with coccidiosis is currently still pharmacotherapy and prevention, contributing not only to the liberation of animals from parasites, but also to prevent the dispersion of the invasive origin in the environment and to prevent the threat of new infection.

The use of improved premix recipes in rations of cattle

Complete balanced feeding of farm animals cannot be organized without the use of various balancing additives, in particular premixes. It is important to note that the greatest eff ect from the use of premixes is observed when their recipes are developed taking into account specifi c feeding and housing conditions. The purpose of this work was to study the eff ectiveness of using improved premix recipes based on an analysis of the actual nutritional value of feed in the rations of lactating cows and calves. During the research, two experiments were carried out. The experiments were carried out at the Staraya Chigla livestock complex in the Anninsky district of the Voronezh region. In the experiment on cows, 20 animals were selected, which were divided into two groups (control and experimental) of 10 heads in each using the method of analogue pairs. In an experiment to study the eff ectiveness of the premix in feeding of young animals, two groups of calves of 12 heads in each were similarly formed. Animals of the control groups received farm rations with the premix developed without taking into account the analysis of the nutritional value of the rations. In the experimental groups, cows and calves received new and improved premixes developed based on these specific feeding conditions. The use of the premix with an improved recipe in the rations of cows made it possible to increase the average daily milk yield by 5,61 %, the fat content by 0,05 abs.% and the protein content in milk by 0,15 abs.%. At the same time, there was an increase in the level of digestibility of dry matter by 1,25 abs.%, organic matter by 1,07 abs.%, crude protein by 1,56 abs.%, crude fat by 1,63 abs.%, crude fi ber by 1,08 abs.%, nitrogen-free extractive substances by 1,87 abs.%. Calculation of feed intake for the synthesis of 1 kg of milk showed that they were lower in the experimental group by 0,31 MJ of net lactation energy and 2,97 g of digestible protein. Positive results were also obtained in experiments on calves. The use of the premix developed on the basis of the actual nutritional value of feed and rations, made it possible to increase the live weight of heifers at 12 months of age by 5,04 %, the average daily gain in live weight during the experimental period by 5,74 %, the relative gain by 1,91 abs.%.

The use of targeted premixes in the feeding of replacement heifers

Making optimal conditions for feeding and housing of young animals ensures the correct and timely development of internal organs, including reproductive function, which has a positive impact on the realization of the high genetic potential of animals in adulthood. This can only be achieved by using balancing additives such as premixes developed on the basis of an actual analysis of feeding conditions. The purpose of this work was to study the feasibility of using premixes developed taking into account feeding characteristics (targeted) in the rations of replacement heifers up to 12 months of age. The experiment was carried out at the Staraya Chigla livestock complex of EkoNivaAgro-Severnoye LLC, geographically located in the Anninsky district of the Voronezh region from 2020 to 2023. The heifers were selected by using the analogue pair method and distributed into groups of 12 heads in each (control and experimental groups). It was established as a result of the studies that the use of a targeted premix contributed to the intensity of growth of young animals, which was confi rmed by an increase in the live weight of heifers by the end of the experiment by 5,04 %, an average daily gain by 5,74 %, and a relative gain by 1,91 %. Analysis of the reproductive function of heifers showed that the age of fi rst heat occurred 5,5 days earlier in animals of the experimental group, and the age of fi rst eff ective insemination was 18,09 days earlier. Fertility from the fi rst insemination was higher in heifers that were fed the targeted premix by 8,34 %. The insemination index was also better in the experimental group. Thus, the research has proven the feasibility of developing and using targeted premixes.

Changes in blood biochemical parameters in highly productive cows with ketosis.

Biochemical blood testing is the main diagnostic indicator of the clinical condition of highly productive animals and a method of determining changes in metabolic disorders. This study focuses on metabolic changes (ketosis), which are of the utmost importance in the assessment of the health status of animals, as well as differences in intergroup characteristics. The main focus of this study is to demonstrate the influence of subclinical ketosis in highly productive cows on changes in biochemical blood parameters during different physiological periods to further prevent this disease, adjust feeding rations, and prevent premature culling of animals. This study aimed to evaluate and establish changes in the biochemical status dynamics of highly productive cows with metabolic disorders in an industrial livestock complex. Blood samples were systematically collected from highly productive cows of the Simmental breed (n = 60) and served as the primary material for subsequent analyses. Each methodological step was designed to ensure evaluation of the metabolic changes associated with post-calving adjustments in highly productive dairy cows. This study employed a comprehensive approach integrating clinical assessments, laboratory analyses, biochemical evaluations, instrumental measurements, and statistical analyses. A biochemical blood test showed that the number of ketone bodies in the experimental group exceeded the norm, varied depending on the physiological state of the animals, and ranged from 0.89 to 1.45 mmol/L. At 10 days after calving, the highest indicator was 1.45 ± 0.05 mmol/L. This indicator was 1.05 mmol/L higher than that in the control group and exceeded the norm by 0.95. Excess ketone bodies in the blood of animals led to accumulation in urine and milk, indicating a disturbance in metabolic processes in the body and a decrease in the quality of animal husbandry products. The sample size and the focus on a single breed from one geographical location may limit the generalizability of the findings. Further research should explore the mechanistic bases of ketosis development, potentially integrating genomic and proteomic approaches to understand the genetic predispositions and molecular pathways involved.

Effective Method of Improving the Performance Properties of Wall Products On the Basis of the Gypsum Binder

The basis of the conducted research was the goal of modifying composite gypsum-containing binders for the manufacture of wall products with increased water resistance, strength, frost resistance, and durability by developing a hydrophobizing solution for processing products based on gypsum binder. The article presents the results of research on the modification of artificial gypsum stone with a developed hydrophobizing chemical solution based on calcium polysulfide and titanium dioxide. Comparative indicators of water absorption of original and solution-impregnated samples, which were exposed to the frontal influence of water, are given. The water absorption of the modified samples is within 9...21% and does not change after the frontal impact of rain. Indicators of chemical resistance of impregnated samples in solutions of magnesium sulfate, urea, acetic and oxalic acids, which are characteristic components for aggressive environments of livestock complexes, food and chemical industry, are presented. The test results of the samples showed that the developed chemical solution provides a chemical resistance factor of 0.7, that is, they are chemically stable in such environments. It is shown that, depending on the number of applied layers of the solution or the time of impregnation, hydrophobization gives high indicators of the softening coefficient of the products, which is in the range of 0.6...0.82. The research results showed that thanks to the developed hydrophobizing solution, the construction and technical characteristics of the artificial gypsum stone are significantly increased. Wall products made of this material have high operational characteristics, and it is advisable to use them both indoors and outdoors.

Production of meat and processed products in the conditions of technological modernization of agro-industrial complex of the East Kazakhstan region

Goal - the current situation and promising directions for the development of meat industry in the East Kazakhstan region are considered, and limiting factors for its growth are identified. During the research process, in the context of a comprehensive analysis, calculationconstructive, statistical-economic, expert, and monographic methods were used. Results – an assessment of the main parameters of livestock complex and meat processing sector in the Eastern region over the past five years is presented. Based on the results of the study, it was revealed that there are positive changes in meat sector, but overall production is not efficient enough. The authors note the lack of raw materials and high cost of raw materials. Food imports occupy a significant place, and small-scale production of farms leads to decrease in the competitiveness of goods produced. Conclusions – the results of the study made it possible to substantiate the most optimal directions for increasing the volume of meat product subcomplex and expanding meat products market through effective government regulation, development of cooperative and integration relations between agricultural producers and processing industry enterprises, allowing the creation of cooperatives that contribute to increasing the size of production and processing of meat products. As economic measures, it is advisable to stimulate supply and demand for food products, preferential lending throughout the entire cycle of obtaining products and selling them on domestic and foreign markets. The authors focus on the need to find options for reducing costs of production processes, implementing innovative projects and forming cluster-type associations. The creation of new enterprises (meat processing plants, poultry farms) will create new jobs and increase the income of the population.

Роль инвестиций в повышении экономической эффективности сельскохозяйственного производства

The research is aimed at studying the role of investments in increasing the economic efficiency of agricultural production. As a result of the analysis, a close relationship was revealed between the index of the physical volume of investments and the increase in gross output. More than 70 % of state support for agriculture is concentrated in the Central Federal District and the Volga Federal District. This fact determines the uneven development of rural areas. The authors note that the livestock industry, due to the high saturation of the domestic market, becomes less attractive to investors, as the risks of non-demand for products increase. A negative situation is also developing in grain production as a result of the lack of opportunities for the development of the production base, high export duties, reduced technological efficiency of cultivation, and high natural and climatic risks. A decrease in investments is also observed in the greenhouse industry, due to the highly competitive market and the lack of state support measures to reimburse capital costs for the construction of greenhouses. There is no stagnation in the industrial segment of dairy production. There is a tendency to suspend investment projects for the construction or modernization of livestock complexes, greenhouse complexes, grain terminals, as well as grain processing plants. The main attractive segments for investment at the moment are the production of fertilizers, grain cultivation, production of oils and fats, and production of dairy products.

The conjugation of productive features of dairy cattle of the Holstein breed

Relevance. Currently, in the Sverdlovsk region, more than 75% of the total number of cattle belongs to the Holstein breed, created by absorbing domestic black-and-white cattle into Holsteins. The study of the variability of the productive qualities of cows during lactation is important for identifying the possibility of increasing productive longevity and the efficiency of breeding and using Holstein cattle of the Ural selection in the conditions of the Middle Urals.Methods. The study was conducted in one of the typical livestock complexes of the Holstein black-and white cattle breed in the Sverdlovsk region. All cows that completed four lactation periods were included in the assessment. Milk productivity was assessed by control milks, milk quality indicators: MJ and MDB in milk in an average milk sample from each cow, once a month correlation coefficients between productive characteristics were calculated in the Uralplemcenter dairy laboratory. The automated program “SELEX. Dairy cattle.”Results. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that significantly more milk was produced from age-and-sex cows during the third lactation than during the first and second, as well as the fourth lactation (p ≤ 0.01 — for the first, p ≤ 0.05 — for the second and fourth). The live weight significantly increased with age in the second lactation at p ≤ 0.01 relative to the first, and from the third onwards — at p ≤ 0.001 relative to the first lactation. There is a tendency to decrease the mass fraction of fat (MJ) in milk and a simultaneous increase in MDB with age from the first to the fourth lactation. When carrying out breeding work, it is possible to take into account the positive correlation coefficients for predicting the further milk productivity of cows according to the milk yield of the first heifers, the invariance of milk quality indicators with changes in milk yield and the positive effect of live weight of cows on their productivity. The research is exploratory and was carried out within the framework of scientific research of the Ural State Agrarian University (state registration No. AAAA19-1191014000069).

Reducing the emission of harmful gases from pig manure using different doses of biodestructors

The anthropogenic impact of the functioning of livestock complexes on the environment is caused by the release of gaseous air pollutants into the atmosphere, including harmful gases such as methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nitrogen oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O). The latter cause environmental degradation and have a negative impact on the climate balance of the planet. Therefore, the basis of the planned research was to evaluate the effectiveness of different doses of "Scarabei" and "Vodohrai Chystyi Khliv" biodestructors on the emission of harmful gases from pig manure in vitro. In the process of conducting experimental studies, it was established that the addition of "Scarabei" and "Vodohrai Chystyi Khliv" biodestructors to pig waste helps to reduce the level of CH4 emissions up to 14.4% and 22.3%, NH3 up to 23.7% and 39.7%, H2S up to 22.2% and 38.2%, CO2 up to 23.4% and 35.6%, NO up to 14.6% and 23.2%, respectively. Simultaneously, with the reduction of emissions of the studied gases, biodestructors also provide a lower level of pH, i.e., its shift to the acidic side up to 5.54 ("Scarabei") and 5.12 ("Vodohrai Chystyi Khliv"), against 6.2–6.5 – in the control. Thus, the results obtained indicate the feasibility of using the studied biodestructors, such as "Scarabei" and "Vodohrai Chystyi Khliv" at a dose of 40 g/m3 for lower emissions of harmful gases, both when storing manure in storage facilities (lagoons) and directly in the pig keeping premises, which will prevent the negative impact of intensive pig production on the environment.

Организационные основы устройства подъездных автомобильных путей к объекту содержания крупного рогатого скота

The article discusses the basics of constructing access roads to a cattle facility. The construction of access roads to livestock farms is a rather complex process in terms of organization and personnel qualifications. It is complicated by the lack of specialized equipment, engineering and geodetic equipment and the necessary qualifications of workers, which leads to its traumatic and non-technical nature. The management of the organization bears a great responsibility for compliance with technical requirements and labor protection requirements during road construction. Keywords: RECLAMATION, INSTALLATION OF ACCESS ROADS, SETTLED AREAS, FILL, ASPHALT CONCRETE, CEMENT CONCRETE, CONCRETE, LIVESTOCK COMPLEX, PROJECT, GEODETIC REFERENCE, ECOLOGY, PROTECTION LABOR, URBAN PLANNING CODE

The influence of mycotoxins on quality indicators of milk in cows in a large livestock complex

The influence of mycotoxins on quality indicators of milk in cows in a large livestock complex

THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON THE CONTENT OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN THE GREEN MASS OF CORN

The optimal content of trace elements in green feeds is of fundamental importance for ensuring high productivity of cattle. For the production of green fodder, corn grown in fields located near livestock complexes and fertilized by by-products of animal husbandry (BPA) is used. In conditions of a high load of BPA (manure, manure runoff), the accumulation of trace elements in the green mass of corn (GMC) occurs more intensively than when using fertilizers in mineral form. Corn cultivation promotes active removal of Fe, Zn, Mn from the soil and weak removal of Cu. The accumulation of trace elements in plants grown on acidic soils fertilized by BPA is higher than when grown on neutral soils. According to the absolute content in GMC, trace elements are arranged in the following sequence: Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu. The corresponding series coincides with the sequence of decreasing concentrations of mobile forms of elements in agro-ecosystems, but differs from the sequence of changes in the indices of accumulation (IA) of trace elements. The IA values calculated on the basis of experimental data are arranged as follows: Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu. The IA of all trace elements, except Cu, in the GMC was higher than one, so corn can be classified as battery plants. IA Cu in different agro-ecosystems was below 1 and practically did not depend on the level of metabolic acidity. The weak accumulation is probably due to the low Cu content in sod-podzolic soils, the high stability of Cu complexes with organic ligands and the significant content of nitrogen available to plants in soils fertilized by BPA.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В УПРАВЛЕНИИ ИНФЕКЦИЯМИ В ЖИВОТНОВОДСТВЕ

Disinfection is the only effective way to combat infectious diseases and to prevent them in the livestock complex’s conditions, as well as one of the methods of adequate level product quality maintaining. By regard to livestock complexes, there are three main types of treatment: preventive, that is carried out before new premises commissioning; forced - systematical, upon detection of a sick animal; final, it is a set of measures taken to quarantine from the farm removing. In some cases, for example, at on dairy complexes or farms’ maternity wards where the forced disinfection is carried out, one of the most important tasks is a certain treatment method due to the completely impossibility the farm premises from animals to relieve. This is exactly the way for aerosol disinfection works. The use of modern portable aerosol systems allows to safe fast, efficient and aerosol disinfection, including at the presence of animals, that is certainly a huge advantage. For example, at cold mist generators using, treatment occurs by a cloud consisting of the smallest particles of disinfectant (5-50 microns) forming, which, once in the environment, settle on the surface for some time, even into the smallest cracks penetrating. The particles spraying this size exactly allows to spray a disinfectant without farm animals body harm. Unlike hot mist generators, cold mist treatment in the animals’ presence if the disinfectant is not toxic to animals can be carried out. In addition such portable systems using ensures high quality accurate of disinfectant application, economical consumption, processing time minimizing, and also air environment’s high quality treatment, that is a huge advantage due to the fact that many infectious diseases by airborne droplets are transmitted. In addition to cold mist generators, it is possible disinfection units for aerosol disinfection using.

Agroecological assessment of the efficiency of utilization of quail manure in the restoration of disturbed sod-podzolic soils with the formation of a stable herbage

The most acute environmental problems of our time include large volumes of bird droppings produced annually at large livestock complexes. At the same time, the sod-podzolic soils dominating in the Non-Chernozem zone of the European part of Russia are characterized by low reserves of humus, which quickly fall with intensive agricultural use and soil anthropogenic degradation. To restore degraded sod-podzolic soils, a peat-sand substrate enriched with compost from quail manure without and with the application of phosphogypsum to stabilize organic compounds of compost was used with the support of project No. 075-15-2021-1030 of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia. The vegetation experiment showed the maximum increase in plant biomass of the herbage in the variant with the combined use of compost and phosphogypsum: respectively, 30% higher than the control one. In the summer, there is an increased intensity of soil CO2 emissions in the variants with compost, but with a multiple more active increase in grass biomass growing, so one can talk about the atmosphere carbon sequestering nature of the technology of utilization of quail droppings during the restoration of disturbed sod-podzolic soils with the formation of a stable herbage.

The effect of alcohol on the preservation of the nutritional value of the haylage when it is packed in agrostretch film

The article discusses the issue of the formation of alcohol vapor in haylage packaged in agrostretch film. The haylage includes ryegrass and alfalfa, which makes it possible to provide the entire livestock complex with a high-quality feed mixture. It was established that at the time of harvesting and packaging of haylage, the percentage of alcohol settled at 2.6%. The observation period for changes in the percentage of alcohol inside a soft container made of agrostretch film was 11 days. As a result of research, it was found that the percentage of alcohol decreases sharply and already on the tenth day becomes zero. At the same time, the percentage of carbon dioxide in the packaged haylage increases, which prevents the development of pathogenic microflora and the formation of fungi.