Live Weight Of Chickens Research Articles

Influence of a new saponite-containing feed additive on the productive qualities of broiler chickens

The article presents the results of the study on the introduction of a saponite-containing mineral feed additive of natural origin into the diet of ROSS-308 broiler chickens in the amount of 1, 3 and 5 kg per ton of feed. An increase in the average daily gain by 3.7; 4.3 and 4.4 g, respectively, and in the absolute gain by 154.7; 174.9 and 181.3 g in the period from 1 to 42 days of age was found. At the time of slaughter, the live weight of chickens in the 1st and 2nd experimental groups significantly exceeded the control: by 174.6 (6.3%; P ≤ 0.001) and 154.6 g (5.6%; P ≤ 0.001). The survival rate of the experimental group chickens was 6.7% higher. In the blood of chickens from experimental groups 1–3, compared with the control analogs, an increase in total protein by 1.5; 2.2 and 2.1 g/l, calcium by 0.28; 0.21 and 0.29 mmol/l, phosphorus by 0.3; 0.43 and 0.42 mmol/l was recorded. A conclusion was made about an increase in the economic and biological indicators of broiler chickens when adding a saponite-containing mineral supplement to the diet, due to the enrichment of the compound feed with minerals and the high sorption capacity of the above-mentioned supplement, while the best effect was achieved when including it in the feed in the amount of 3 kg per ton.

Эффективность использования новой кормовой добавки на основе органических кислот при выращивании цыплят-бройлеров

Purpose. Studying the effectiveness of using feed additive "Aciform" when included in the diet of broiler chickens. Materials and Methods. The objects of research were broiler chickens of Cobb-500 cross and feed additive "Aciform". The experiment was carried out in the conditions of the farm of Krest'yanskiy Dvor LLC (Volgograd region). Three groups (two experimental and control) were formed, 140 animals each. The poultry in the control group received feed that did not contain the studied feed additive. Norm for adding additive was 1 kg per 1 ton of feed in the 1st experimental group and 2 kg per 1 ton of feed in the 2nd experimental group. The duration of feeding is from 14 days to 42 days of age. During the experiment, the safety of poultry, the percentage of mortality and pecking, as well as the dynamics of live weight gain and the occurrence of possible side effects when using the feed additive were monitored using standard scientific research methods (zootechnical, mathematical) and certified laboratory equipment. Results. The use of new feed additive "Aciform" in feeding broiler chickens from 14 to 42 days of age at an input rate of 1 and 2 kg per 1 ton of feed had a positive effect on the increase in live weight of chickens. The chickens of experimental groups (1 and 2) exceeded poultry of control group in terms of the average daily gain in live weight by 1.0 and 2.9% (P≤0.05) for the entire experimental period, in terms of absolute increase on the 42nd day of growing – by 1.0 and 2.1%. The incidence of pecking in poultry of experimental groups (1 and 2) was 2.9 and 1.8%, and in the control group – 2.1%. In the groups of broiler chickens that received the test additive as part of the diet (1st and 2nd experimental), there were fewer dead poultry by 2.9 and 3.4%, and the survival rate was higher by 2.9 and 3.8% than in control group. Conclusion. The inclusion of new feed additive "Aciform" in the diet of broiler chickens had a positive effect on the safety, growth rate and productive qualities of the poultry.

Productive qualities of broiler chickens at different levels of soluble fraction of fish waste hydrolyzate in feed

The growth and development of broiler chickens at different levels of the soluble fraction of fish waste hydrolyzate in mixed fodder was studied. The processing of commercial fish is accompanied by the formation of secondary resources, the scope of practical application of which is quite wide (fish proteins are a unique natural material used in various industries, but not fully utilized. Wastes resulting from fish processing are a source of valuable nutritional and biologically active substances, and thus serve as raw materials for various products, including dietary supplements. In order to determine the optimal rate of introduction of the soluble fraction of fish waste hydrolyzate into broiler chicken feed, a scientific and economic experiment was conducted that lasted 42 days. The research was conducted on broiler chickens of the Cobb-500 cross. The difference in the feeding of the experimental groups was that broiler chickens of the first (control) group received complete feed, which corresponded to the nutritional standards in all periods, and the additional introduction of a soluble fraction of fish waste hydrolyzate was: The 2nd experimental group received 0.2 % of the feed additive; poultry of the 3rd and 4th experimental groups consumed feed containing 0.4 and 0.6 % of the experimental additive. It was found that an increase in the content of the soluble fraction of fish waste hydrolyzate in the diet by 0.6 % contributes to an increase in live weight of chickens by 266 g, or 10.25 %, and a decrease in feed costs per 1 kg of live weight gain by 3.8 % compared to the control. It was found that during the growing period, broiler chickens of the 4th group had the highest absolute live weight gain of 2823.8 g, which is 2.63 %, 8.32 % and 10.36 % higher than in the 3rd, 2nd experimental and control groups. The use of feed with a soluble fraction of fish waste hydrolyzate in the feed with a content of 0.6 % increased the average daily weight gain for the entire period of the experiment by 7 g, or 11.63 %, and absolute weight gain by 265.2 g, or 10.36 %, respectively.

The use of feed additives in the diet of egg productivity chickens

Due to the need to increase poultry production obtained at the lowest economic cost, there will always be a need to research the use of new feed additives and means. The inclusion of such additives in poultry compound feed increases productivity, improves metabolism and makes feed more eff ective. The purpose of the work was to analyze the use of feed additives in the diet of egg productivity chickens. In order to conduct the research, three groups of egg productivity chickens were formed: a control group and two experimental ones. Chickens of the 1st experimental group, in addition to the standard feed received the feed additive SibMos Pro in the amount of 0,1 g/kg live weight. For chickens of the 2nd experimental group the drug Immufon was added to the main diet in the dose 0,01 ml/ kg of live weight. It was established that the addition of the studied feed additives SibMos Pro to the diet of chickens in the 1st experimental group and the drug Immufon in the 2nd experimental group had a positive eff ect on the increase in live weight of chickens during the experimental period. Thus, the gain in live weight of one chicken diff ered between groups. The indicator ranged from 934,1 g in the control group to 964,0 g in the 2nd experimental group. The maximum gain in live weight was in the 2nd experimental group, where it was 3,2 % higher than in the control group. The reduction in feed consumption occurred due to better absorption of compound feed in chickens from this group, which was associated with the use of the drug Immufon, which promoted better absorption of feed nutrients. Thus, it was established that the highest productivity indicators were shown by chickens of the 2nd experimental group that received the drug Immufon, therefore we recommend that poultry farms with egg productivity use this drug in the compound feed for young animals at the dose of 0,01 ml/kg of live weight. We also recommend to use the feed additive SibMos Pro in the amount of 0,1 g/kg live weight.

The influence of the mass of incubation eggs on the growth indicators of a live weight of the bred young chickens and the quality of their eggs

Purpose: to determine the influence of the mass of hatching eggs on the growth and development of hatched chickens and on the quality of the eggs obtained from them in hens of the Pushkin breed.Materials and methods. The material for the study was chickens of the Pushkin breed, in the amount of 70 heads. 52 weeks of age and their descendants, used later in reproduction (85 ♀ and 28 ♂). The birds were kept in individual cages. Conditions of keeping and feeding are in accordance with the standards adopted in the bioresource collection of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Growing Animals “Genetic collection of rare and endangered breeds of chickens”. Immediately before incubation, 340 eggs were estimated by mass. hatching eggs. The hatched chickens were weighed at the ages of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 weeks. Depending on the weight of the incubation egg of the mothers and the sex of the chick, the data obtained were divided into three groups: Group I (light) ⩽M-0.5σ (⩽63.7 g-♀ and ⩽65.14 g-♂), Group III ( heavy) ⩾M+0.5σ (⩾68.2 g-♀and ⩾70.07 g-♂), eggs with intermediate weight are classified as “medium” - group II. At the age of 35 weeks, eggs obtained from daughters of the experimental groups were assessed.Results. It was noted that there are high correlation coefficients between weight incubation eggs the weight day-old of chickens: for hens r = 0.85 for roosters 0.95 (Р<0,001). The average live weight at one day of age by group differed significantly from each other. Significant differences were observed in both hens and roosters between groups I and III at 2 (P<0.05), 6, 8, 10, and 12 months of age (P<0.01). There were no significant differences in live weight between groups I-II and II-III. In terms of the quality of daughters' eggs, significant differences were observed in the weight of laid eggs between groups I and II, I and III (P < 0.01). In terms of the mass of protein, yolk, shell and the energy value of eggs, the highest indicators were noted in group III.Conclusion. Studies have shown that the weight of eggs affects not only the live weight of chickens at the daily age, but also the live weight at a later period of growth. The coefficient of heritability of eggs mass (h2) for mothers was 0.701 (P<0.001) and for fathers 0.389 (P<0.01). Thus, it is possible to increase meat productivity without reducing the quality of eggs in meat-egg breeds of chickens by selecting incubation eggs of a larger mass.

Performance of broiler chickens fed compound feeds with various of cereal grains

Maize and wheat are the main cereal forage crops cultivated at a global scale. They are among preferred forage grains for poultry nutrition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the productive performance of broiler chickens, whose compound feeds contained either maize, or wheat alone and maize +wheat combination. The experiment was performed with 120 day-old male ROSS hybrid chicks reared on the floor for 49 days. The birds were divided into three groups, each one consisting of two subgroups, as follows: group Е1 – fed forage with maize and wheat; group Е2 – fed forage with wheat and group Е3 – forage with maize. The live weight, feed intake, feed conversion and slaughter traits were investigated. By the 49th day of age, the live weight of chickens from groups Е1 and Е2 fed diet with maize and wheat (35.99%+28%), and only wheat without maize (66%) were the heaviest, 3147.18 g and 3361.32 g, respectively. Chicks from group E3 fed the diet containing only maize (64.12%) without wheat had the lowest average live weight (2587.75 g at Р<0.0001). Wheat, as a single cereal in broiler compound feeds, and its combination with maize had the most beneficial effect on weight gain and feed conversion over the entire fattening period (P<0.001). The improved weight gain of birds fed these diets was accompanied with higher feed intake (P<0.001) compared to birds fed forage with maize only. The slaughter yield and the breast with bone cut increased statistically significantly in the wheat-fed groups (P<0.001).

Переносимость целевыми видами животных (цыплята – бройлеры) лекарственного препарата для ветеринарного применения «Дитрим® OR»

Poultry is one of the most intensive and dynamic sectors of agricultural production, it is an avantgarde industry not only in animal husbandry, but also in all agriculture. However, various infectious diseases do not bypass this industry. The problems of industrial and private poultry farming are such diseases of poultry as pasteurellosis, colibacteriosis, salmonellosis, staphyllococcosis. The development of new treatments for these diseases is an urgent trend in modern veterinary medicine, which includes preclinical trials, and in particular the assessment of the tolerability of the drug. We conducted studies of the combined antibacterial drug Dithrim® OR. It has been established that oral use of Ditrim® OR in a therapeutic and three-fold therapeutic dose does not have a pronounced pathological effect on the body of broiler chickens. During the experiment, no bird death or clinical signs of intoxication (depression, diarrhea, etc.) were noted. The bird was active and well-fed. The live weight of chickens in the experimental groups did not significantly differ from the weight of the bird that was kept in the control group. It has been found that the preparation at the specified doses, duration and method of use does not adversely affect the body of broiler chickens and is well tolerated by animals.

The effect of vaccination on the live weight of chickens and the absolute weight of the spleen and gland

Choosing optimal chicken immunization programs is an urgent problem in poultry farming. Studying the morphology of the organs of the chickens' immune system allows you to objectively assess the effectiveness of prevention methods. The article provides data on the effect of multiple vaccinations on the live weight of chickens and the absolute weight of immune defense organs: the spleen and gland of chickens aged 1, 15, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 120 days. One of the leading indicators of the growth of young birds is the dynamics of live weight under the influence of external factors. Identical technological conditions at the beginning of the experiment and the selection of livestock according to the principle of analogs in groups made it possible to assess the effect of vaccination on the chickens' bodies based on live weight indicators. According to our research results, it was established that in chickens of 100- and 120-day-old age, with multiple vaccinations, there is a probable increase in live weight indicators compared to the control group of animals. Our research showed that by 25 days in chickens (vaccinated six times), the hands of the absolute mass of the spleen practically did not change. At the same time, in 25-, 100-, and 120-day-old chickens, there is an increase in the absolute mass of the spleen and the gland at 15- and 50-day-old compared to the indicators of non-vaccinated animals. This indicates the implementation of immune reactions in the studied organs of immune protection due to increased migration of T- and B-lymphocytes to them. In addition, if age periods are compared, a decrease in the absolute mass of the Garder gland was found in 75-day-old chickens compared to 50-day-old chickens, which indicated the involutional processes of this gland. The maximum parameters of the gland's absolute mass were found at 50 days in chickens of both the vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups. Thus, in vaccinated chickens, this indicator of the gland was 0.095 g. Organometric changes in the spleen and gland of vaccinated chickens can be one of the criteria for diagnosing poultry immunodeficiencies.

WHAT IS USEFUL TO KNOW ABOUT THE USE OF ORGANIC ACIDS IN FEED AND WATER FOR POULTRY

The ban on the use of antibiotic stimulators of poultry productivity, as well as the growing awareness of consumers in the field of food safety and poultry health, were an incentive for the introduction of alternative concepts for maintaining the health of the gastrointestinal tract, on the condition of which 70% of feed costs in the structure of the cost of production depend. We have summarized the results of our own research on the use of acidifiers through feed and water. It is shown that in order to select an effective dose of the drug, it is necessary to determine the acid-binding properties of the components (KSS), which differ significantly and if this is not taken into account, then adding an acidifier to compound feeds with low KSS can cause cloacitis. At the same time, on compound feeds with high KSS, the addition of an acidifier contributed to a decrease in the indicator by 20-36%, which led to an improvement in the microbiological balance in the gastrointestinal tract, an increase in the digestibility of protein, fat, fiber by 3.1; 2.1 and 4.9%, respectively. The use of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus increased by 5.6; 4.1; 4.9%, and the productivity of broilers by 3.1% while reducing feed costs per unit of production by 4.21 and 7.38%, respectively, in physical and monetary terms. When using organic acids (KisOrg) through water (300 ml/t to pH-4.5) five times for three days in a row during the period of rearing repair young, the live weight of chickens and roosters increased by 1.92% and 2.6%, the uniformity by weight increased by 5.6% and 7.3%, respectively. The same mixture of acids, when applied three times through water in an amount of 350ml / t (pH 4.0) when growing broilers, contributed to an increase in live weight by 3.1% while reducing feed costs by 4.5%.

What is useful to know about the use of organic acids in feed and water for poultry

The ban on the use of antibiotic stimulators of poultry productivity, as well as the growing awareness of consumers in the field of food safety and poultry health, were an incentive for the introduction of alternative concepts for maintaining the health of the gastrointestinal tract, on the condition of which 70% of feed costs in the structure of the cost of production depend. We have summarized the results of our own research on the use of acidifiers through feed and water. It is shown that in order to select an effective dose of the drug, it is necessary to determine the acid-binding properties of the components (KSS), which differ significantly and if this is not taken into account, then adding an acidifier to compound feeds with low KSS can cause cloacitis. At the same time, on compound feeds with high KSS, the addition of an acidifier contributed to a decrease in the indicator by 20-36%, which led to an improvement in the microbiological balance in the gastrointestinal tract, an increase in the digestibility of protein, fat, fiber by 3.1; 2.1 and 4.9%, respectively. The use of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus increased by 5.6; 4.1; 4.9%, and the productivity of broilers by 3.1% while reducing feed costs per unit of production by 4.21 and 7.38%, respectively, in physical and monetary terms. When using organic acids (KisOrg) through water (300 ml/t to pH-4.5) five times for three days in a row during the period of rearing repair young, the live weight of chickens and roosters increased by 1.92% and 2.6%, the uniformity by weight increased by 5.6% and 7.3%, respectively. The same mixture of acids, when applied three times through water in an amount of 350ml / t (pH 4.0) when growing broilers, contributed to an increase in live weight by 3.1% while reducing feed costs by 4.5%.

Experimental determination of comparative sensitivity of eimeria to chemotherapeutic preparations and phytobiotics

The sensitivity of the organism of broiler chickens artificially infested with a mixture of three types of eimeria to anti-eimeria drugs used in the Belgorod region was determined. For the experiment, synthetic coccidiostatics (decoquinate, maduramycin, nicarbazine, robenidin), ionophore antibiotics (lasalocid, monensin, narazine) and a complex phytobiotic “AdiCox AR” were taken. The smallest loss of live body weight of chickens was observed when feeding them in the diet of lasalocid, then decoquinate. Feeding the specialized feed additive “AdiCox AR” ensured the preservation of gains in live weight of chickens by 19.0% less than the most effective ionophore antibiotic lasalocid in our experiments. Then, in descending order, followed: narazine 10%, monensin 20%, nicarbazine 25%, maduramycin 1%, robenidin 6.6%. In connection with the obtained results, we consider it expedient to use lasalocid 15% at a dose of 500 g / t feed, decoquinate 6% at a dose of 500 g / t feed and AdiCox AR at a dose of 300 g / tons of feed. The use of narazine 10%, monensin 20%, nicarbazine 25%, maduramycin 1% should be carried out under constant monitoring of the sensitivity of the pathogen to the listed drugs. We consider the use of robinidin 6.6% inappropriate.

Productivity of chicken broilers at different levels and ratios between arginine and lysine in compound feed

The article presents research to determine the optimal levels and ratios of arginine and lysine in complete feed for broiler chickens of different ages. The object of research was broiler chickens "Cobb-500". The experiments were performed by the group method. During the main period of 42 days, taking into account the age of the chickens, there were three subperiods: 1-10; 11–22; 23–42 days. 600 heads of 1-day-old broiler chickens were selected for the experiments, from which 6 groups of 100 heads each were formed on the principle of analogues. The age and live weight of chickens were taken into account when selecting analogues. Chickens were kept in one room on the floor at a planting density of 12 heads per 1 m2. The feeding front was 2.5 cm, the watering front was 1.5 cm. The air temperature and lighting of the premises corresponded to the sanitary norms adopted in poultry farming. The chickens were fed compound feed twice a day. The level of lysine and arginine in poultry diets was regulated by the introduction of synthetic preparations of these amino acids in the feed. According to the scheme of the experiment, broiler chickens were fed complete feed during the experiment, balanced in metabolic energy and all nutrients, in accordance with the standards recommended by Cobb. The set and quantity of the main ingredients in the feed were regulated depending on the period of growing chickens (1-10, 11-22 and 23-42 days) and the required content of lysine and arginine. As a result of the conducted researches it was established that the wide arginine-lysine ratio helped to increase the growth rate by reducing feed costs per 1 kg of growth in all periods of cultivation. A slight narrowing of the arginine-lysine ratio contributed to gains at the control level, or slightly higher. With a more significant increase in the share of lysine, the gains decreased incredibly, but more significantly, also increased feed costs.

Efficiency of expanded compound feed application for broiler chickens

The intensification of animal husbandry is accompanied by an increase in demand for high-quality compound feed, which largely determines the level of development and economics of animal husbandry, especially industrial, specialized livestock farms. Reducing feed costs is one of the key challenges. Its solution is impossible without the rational use of grain and other raw materials, the introduction of modern innovative technologies and equipment at feed mills. Barothermal treatment of the grain mixture in the expander reduces bacterial contamination, completely destroys coliform bacteria, E. coli, mold fungi and salmonella. The technology for the production of expanded feed for broiler chickens was developed in the course of the work. Broiler chickens of the Smena 7 cross were used as the object of the study. It was found that the chicken palatability of the expanded compound feed developed with the help of the optimization program "Korm Optima Expert" improved and at the age of 28 days their live weight increased by 2.5–3 times in groups, chickens that received grits from granular expandate having the highest indicator (915 g). At the end of the experiment 42-days old chickens of the control group had a live weight of 2246 g, and the chickens that received granulated expandate - 2574 g. The average daily gain in live weight of chickens was 66.4 g, which is 7.9% higher than in the control group. The results of the control slaughter of chickens showed an increased yield of meat in chickens treated with expanded pellets (69.5%) compared to the control (67.6%). The best indicators of the productivity of broiler chickens of the Smena 7 cross were obtained when feeding compound feed in the form of grains from granulated expandate in the first period of cultivation and granulated expandate in the second period of cultivation.

Correction of poultry microbiocenosis by a complex of sour milk and propionic microorganisms

In the necessary correction and prevention of dysbacteriosis in animals and humans, the main role is played by the use of probiotics. Probiotics are live microbial supplements that have a beneficial effect on the body by forming a full-fledged barrier of the intestinal mucosa, preventing the attachment of pathogens to it, modulating the body’s defense mechanisms and improving the balance of intestinal microflora. This is achieved by directly antagonizing bacteria and increasing the effectiveness of the immune response. The normal microflora of the intestine of poultry is 99% composed of anaerobic bacteria. It was found that probiotics activate the tissue and humoral immunity of animals (T- and Blymphocyte systems), affect the production of immunoglobulins. To study the effect of a probiotic complex based on fermented milk and propionic microorganisms Streptococcus lactis and Lactobacillus acidophilus, an experiment was carried out on broiler chickens of the KOBB-500 cross. The feed additive “Prolaxim-V” was introduced with water in the watering system in the amount of 0.2 ml per 1 bird/ day. Its use increased the gain in live weight of chickens by 10.4%, improved the indices of intestinal microbiocenosis. The number of lactobacilli, lactococci and bifidobacteria in the intestine increased 5 times compared to the control. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that the use of lactic acid starter cultures with live lactobacilli in poultry diets during growing periods should be recommended to obtain higher growth rates, improve the physiological state of animals and the quality of meat products

INTERCROPPING TO IMPROVE EGG FERTILISATION RATES

In assessing the productivity of the parent flock, one of the most important indicators is the productivity of brood males. For the productive use of brood males, the interspiking method is used. Interspiking is the exchange of 25–30% of males between sections of the house of the same flock, which produces a similar response to increased mating activity as in normal stocking. The effect lasts for 6-8 weeks. The advantage of interspiking is that the males that are swapped are already trained to mate, have the same mass and maturity as the bulk of the males in the house, which significantly increases their chances of success. During the research period, two groups of birds of the parent flock of the Cobb-500 cross were formed using the analog pair method. In the first group, normal mating was used. And in the second group, the interspiking method was used at the age of 36 weeks, in which 25% of the males from the total population were exchanged between poultry houses. The conditions for keeping and feeding the parent flock were the same. Live weight indicators in the second group slightly exceed those of the first group. Thus, the live weight of females after entering the parent herd workshop in the first group was 2194 g, and males - 2793 g, in the second group - 2240 and 2997 g, respectively. At the age of 36 weeks, the live weight of chickens in the second group was higher by 1.8% (3420 g), cockerels - by 0.8%, and amounted to 4012 g. Fertility of eggs in group II is higher by 1.2% (84.9%) than in the first (83.7%), hatchability in group II slightly exceeds this indicator by 0.5% than in group I and amounted to 87, 2 and 86.7%, respectively. The hatching of day-old chickens in group I was 72.6%, in group II it increased by 1.4% and amounted to 74%. Safety in both groups was at a high level and amounted to 92.9 and 93.2%. The gross collection of eggs in group I amounted to 2087.83 thousand pieces, in group II - 2272.34 thousand pieces.

Meat qualities of cross cobb-500 broilers grown with the use of the antioxidant dihydroquercetin

The Research is devoted to the study of the effect of the biologically active additive “Dihydroquercetin” in the compound feed on the indicators of meat productivity of broiler chickens. The results show that the increase in live weight of chickens that received dihydroquercetin in addition to the main ration was ahead of their control peers by 11,91-32,78 %. During the 40-day period of growing broilers, in the experimental groups with the addition of dihydroquercetin, they had a live weight of 15,22-50,51% more. From the beginning of fattening to the age of 40 days, the absolute and average daily growth rates showed a steady upward trend, then there was a decrease in the growth rate of chickens. The greatest effectiveness of the drug was noted at the beginning of the experiment, which indicates a positive corrective effect of the antioxidant on metabolism and an increase in the level of assimilation processes in the body of broilers. Up to 10 days of age, the chickens of the experimental groups receiving dihydroquercetin had higher relative growth rates, which obviously characterizes their better adaptation to the conditions of the experiment. The magnitude and nature of changes in the relative increase in live weight of broilers with longer cultivation up to 60 days of age indicate its inexpediency-even when using the drug dihydroquercetin, due to the unprofitability of its further use, and the lack of recoupment of costs for the purchase. In general, the higher studied indicators during the experiment were observed in broiler chickens of the III-IV experimental groups, the best result was shown in the group of birds receiving dihydroquercetin Supplement at the level of 1 g/100 g of feed, which allows us to consider it optimal.

Comparative characteristics of the growth and development of meategg and egg-meat chickens

Relevance. Recently, the number of many breeds and lines of chickens has significantly decreased, while others are under threat of extinction. Reducing the genetic resources of chicken’s worldwide limits the possibilities of future breeding programs. The study of the genetic diversity of the species allows you to more accurately manage the productive and potential of chicken breeds, the possibilities of its use for obtaining Biosafety and full-fledged food. Adding exterior estimation data to the bird breeding value forecast increases its accuracy and is relevant.Methods. The study was conducted on chickens of two experimental populations «Experimental CS» meat-egg of productivity and «Experimental LZS» egg-meat productivity from the Genetic collection of rare and endangered chicken breeds Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding — Branch of the L.K. Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry.Results. The highest absolute increase in live weight of chickens is observed in the period of 4-8 weeks, and the relative increase at the age of 4 weeks, regardless of the type of productivity of chickens. The results of cultivation largely depend on the intensity of growth of the bird in the early period, up to four weeks of age. The superiority of the meat-egg population in comparison with the egg-meat population was revealed in terms of breast circumference (5.0–7.7%).

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ КОРМОВОЙ ДОБАВКИ «Reasil®Humic Health» В КОМБИКОРМАХ ДЛЯ ЦЫПЛЯТ

Biologically active additives of natural origin have become increasingly interesting in recent years. These include humic acid preparations. Biologically active feed additives "Reasl," produced by Life Force LLC from humic acids based on leonardite, combine the properties of enterosorbent of mycotoxins and pesticide residues, immunostimulator and anthogonist of pathogenic flora, stimulator of protein biosynthesis and muscle mass growth. The purpose of the experiment was to study the efficiency of using the feed additive "Reasil ® Humic Health," consisting of high molecular weight sodium salts of humic acids from Leonardite, in the composition of feedstuffs for broiler chickens. The chickens of the first control group were prepared with the main diet a full-diet combination feed, which consisted of corn grains, wheat, extruded soybean, sunflower cake, sunflower oil, meat-bone flour, monocalcium phosphate and premix. For the chicks, 1.2 and 3 test groups were added to the feed further with a "Reasil ® Humic Health" feed additive in an amount of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g per kg of feed, respectively. During the whole period of the experiment, the average living mass of one chicken in the control group increased by 2293 ± 30.93 g, which is 84.17 g less than in the 1st experimental group. Increasing the supply of the feed supplement "Reasil®Humic Health" to 1.5 g/kg of feed stock increased the absolute increase in living weight in the third group by 172.25 g. A further increase in the amount of supplement to 2 g/kg of feed stock did not have a further stimulating effect on the increase in live weight of chickens, compared with the previous level. However, the difference with the control was 150.05 g or 6.56%. The results of the weighing and calculations showed that the relative increase in the live weight of broiler chickens was higher in the 2nd test group and amounted to 185.69%, which is 1.11% higher compared to the control group. Thus, the addition of 1.5 g/kg of feedstuff to the feedstuff of "Reasil®Humic Health" provided for the growing of heavier poultry and confirmed its usefulness in poultry farming.

Increasing efficiency in the poultry meat production when using iron and copper nanoparticles in nutrition

The paperis aimed at studying the increasing efficiency in the poultry meat production when using iron and copper nanoparticles in nutrition. A maximum increase in the gain in live weight of chickens by 9-12 % in comparison with the control group in the first week after the injection of nanoparticles is observed. An increase in values of a number of blood parameters (hemoglobin, total protein, white blood cells) is noted. Copper nanoparticles increase the body’s immune response on the first dayof experiment by several orders in comparison with both control and iron nanoparticles. The analysis of mineral exchange data showed a decrease in a number of toxic (As, Pb, Al, Cd) elements and an increase in the level of a number of essential (Mg, Co, Fe, Cu, Na, F) elements in broiler tissues after exposure to copper nanoforms and iron nanoforms. The analysis shows more effective influence on the metabolic processes of chickens and require further detailed study of the processes of their transformation in the broiler body. The obtained result shows the possibility of using these forms in the industrial production of animal feed.

Influence of SUB-PRO probiotic on meat productivity of broiler chickens

We studied dynamics of live weight and morphological composition of carcasses in Ross 308 chickens at 1-, 21-, 28-, 34-, 38- and 42-day ages when SUB-PRO probiotic was included in the diet instead of Maxus G feed antibiotic in amount of 100 g/ton of feed. By the age of 42, chickens in the control group (I) reached a live weight of 2234 28.4 g, chickens in the experimental group (II) - 2329 27.3 g, and chickens who took feed antibiotic (III) - 2320 33.4 g. Live weight of chickens of the II group by the age of 42 days exceeded the I group by 95 g or 4.25 % (P 0.05), the III group - by 86 g or 3.85 %. In terms of carcass weight, the experimental group exceeded the control group by 4.60 % (P 0.05), group III - by 4.53 %. The meat productivity of chickens taking antibiotic was not studied further, since that had no practical significance. Over the entire period of rearing, the average daily gain in live weight in control chickens was 52.20 g, in the experimental chickens - 54.46 g. The relative muscle weight in broiler carcasses of the experimental group increased from 55.34 to 66.37 %v from 1 to 42 days of age, while the relative bone weight decreased from 33.23 to 16.78 %. By the age of 42, absolute muscle and bone weight had 123.47- and 51.91-fold increase, respectively, in comparison with diurnal weight. The data of anatomical cutting of chicken carcasses showed that, in terms of muscle and bone content, the most valuable were: breast - 84.63 and 8.25 %, thigh - 75.66 and 12.54 %, respectively; less valuable: drumstick - 67.86 and 20.98 %, wing - 50.58 and 33.53 %, respectively. Diameter of muscle fibers of superficial pectoralis muscle in 42-day-old broilers was 55.20 m; water content - 75.10 %, fat - 1.60 %, protein - 22.31 %. In terms of microbiological parameters, carcass meat meets the requirements of GOST 31468-2012 interstate standard. The inclusion of SUB-PRO probiotic in chicken diet instead of antibiotic does not reduce productivity, but excludes the negative consequences of antibiotic use.