Literature Study Research Articles

The Method of Scriptural Interpretation according to Origen

The practice of interpreting Scripture by the Church Fathers has become a precious legacy and has significantly contributed to the development of current methods of interpreting Scripture. One of the figures in this context is Origen. This paper explores Origen’s method of scriptural interpretation through observation of his homily on the figure and story of Rahab (Jos 2:1–24) contained in his Homilies on Joshua. The research method used is a literature study. Based on the analysis of his homily on Rahab, it was found that Origen intensely used allegory as a method to convey profound spiritual meaning in interpreting Scripture. In addition, he also combined allegorical with other methods such as typological, Scriptura scripturae interpres, Christological, and ecclesiological. The findings can make significant contributions for Christians today. First, by interpreting the physical violence in the story of Rahab as ‘spiritual violence’, Christians are invited to counteract and prevent the misuse of violent texts in Scripture as motivation and justification for committing wrongdoing. Secondly, by placing Rahab as a symbol of divine love and mercy, Origen shows that all people can belong to the family of God through faith in Jesus, repentance, and good deeds.

Implikasi Postmodernisme Dalam Masyarakat Kontemporer (Analisis Paradigma Pemikiran Tokoh Jean Francois Lyotard)

This article aims to investigate the implications of postmodernism in contemporary society by analyzing the paradigm of thought of the figure Jean-François Lyotard. Lyotard is known as one of the leading thinkers in postmodern thought, and this research aims to understand how his idea of skepticism towards grand narratives influences and permeates the structures of power, knowledge, and language in the context of contemporary society. This study uses a qualitative approach with a focus on the analysis of key texts by Jean-François Lyotard, especially "The Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge." Analysis is performed to identify key concepts such as grand narratives, language games, and changes in knowledge structure. In addition, literature studies on the application of these concepts in the context of contemporary society are also involved to support research findings. The research findings suggest that Lyotard's postmodern views have significant implications in contemporary society. Skepticism of grand narratives creates space for narrative plurality, uncertainty of knowledge, and diverse language games. These implications affect power structures by challenging central authority and paving the way for a diversity of values and views. In addition, Lyotard's concepts also had an impact on changes in the way society understood and conveyed knowledge.

THE ROLE OF FOLKLORE IN THE UPBRINGING OF PATRIOTISM OF PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENTS

This article examines the problem of fostering patriotism in younger schoolchildren with hearing impairments and the importance of the pedagogical potential of folklore in this process. The study aimed to substantiate the pedagogical potential of folklore in the upbringing of patriotism in younger schoolchildren with hearing impairments. Research methods include the study and analysis of psychological, pedagogical, methodological, and special literature, as well as conducting experimental work with the introduction of empirical research methods. The experimental part of the study was conducted on teachers and teachers of a special school, and the results were achieved. Throughout the study, we identified the pedagogical potential of folklore and its use by teachers in the upbringing of patriotism of younger students with hearing impairments.

Matrix Structure and Manpower Development: A Paradigm Shift

The paper examine matrix structure and manpower development;a paradigm shift. The aim of this research is to determine the extent to which matrix structure improves an organisational manpower effectiveness as well as to ascertain how matrix structure increase organisational manpower efficiency. The content analysis methodology was used in this study. The data and information used in this study are from the existing literature and previous studies. The secondary data sources include textbooks, journal articles, reports and internet. Research question raised in this paper was explored by the concept of matrix structure. The findings of the research reveal that team motivation, problem solving, skills and knowledge acquired on the job enhance manpower effectiveness while the managerial skills required in the matrix structure centred on positive on the positive achievement of the firm and individual employee. The study recommends that careful attention should be paid to the creation of matrix structure in terms of coordination, communication and control.

THE ANALYSIS OF DARK TRIAD CONCEPT IN THE SONG LYRICS OF METALLICA’S “MASTER OF PUPPETS” AND “SAD BUT TRUE”

The dark triad personality is commonly understood in the field of psychological studies. However, the analysis of the dark triad is still relatively new in the realm of literary studies. This article presents the dark triad in the lyrics of Metallica’s songs “Master of Puppets” and “Sad but True”. The selection of these two songs is based on the popularity of the song and the choice of words that cause multiple interpretations among Metallica fans. The findings of this research show that there are three traits of the dark triad found in both song lyrics. Machiavellianism represents manipulation; narcissism represents self-admiration; psychopathy represents anti-social and cruelty. This article can hopefully provide in-depth understanding to listeners as the music from previous decades keeps making comebacks.

Sharenting Ethics in Indonesian Family Communication Through Cultural Values of Digital Parenting

This research examines the phenomenon of sharenting (sharing-parenting) in the Indonesian cultural context, focusing on how traditional values influence digital parenting practices. This research uses a comprehensive literature study methodology to analyse the intersection between local wisdom and digital communication ethics in care. This study reveals that Indonesian parents practice sharenting through three main cultural pillars: harmony, unggah ungguh, and tepo seliro. These values significantly shape how information about children is shared on social media, creating patterns that differ from Western individualistic approaches. The findings show that parenting practices in Indonesia's digital era are firmly rooted in collective cultural values, where sharing information about children is not simply seen as personal documentation but as part of communal responsibility. This research identifies unique challenges in balancing traditional values with digital privacy concerns, especially in how Indonesian parents interpret and implement privacy boundaries within their collective cultural framework. This study contributes to developing a culturally sensitive ethical framework for digital parenting in Indonesia, emphasizing a balance between traditional values and modern digital practices. Findings suggest practical sharing guidelines in Indonesia must integrate collective cultural values while addressing contemporary digital privacy concerns. Furthermore, this research proposes practical recommendations for implementing culturally appropriate digital literacy programs and developing policies that protect children's interests while respecting traditional family values.

Ratio Decidendi District Court Decision in Case of Deed Not Read Based on Notary Position Law (Decision No 873/Pdt.G/2013/ Pn.Sby)

This research is aimed at analyzing the Ratio Decidendi of District Court Decision No. 873/Pdt.G/2013/PN.Sby against notaries who do not read their deeds. The purpose of this research is to determine and analyze the Decidendi Ratio of District Court Decision No. 873/Pdt.G/2013/PN.Sby regarding deeds that were not read by a notary. Then to analyze the responsibilities of notary officials based on article 16 paragraph 1 letter (m) of the Law on Notary Positions. This type of research uses normative juridical research using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach using literature study legal material search techniques. The analysis technique used in this research is the interpretation technique used is systematic interpretation. Based on this, the problem formulation is (1) What is the judge's consideration (Ratio Decidendi) regarding Decision No. 873/Pdt.G/2013/PN.Sby regarding deeds that were not read by a notary? and problem formulation (2) What are the responsibilities of notary officials for deeds that are not read out based on article 16 paragraph 1 letter m based on the Law on Notary Positions? (1) Ratio Decidendi, namely the implementation of a decision with a ruling that the lawsuit cannot be accepted (Niet Ontvankelijk verklaard) in District Court Case No. 873/Pdt.G/2013/PN.Sby, even though in principle the lawsuit is not accepted, the notary still has responsibility for deed that he has made. Even though in principle the lawsuit is not accepted, the judge should consider not carrying out the obligation to read the deed by a notary(2) The Notary's responsibility for a deed that is not read, in this case the Notary can be sued because the authentic deed is downgraded to a private deed and then be sued civilly, namely regarding compensation based on 1365 of the Civil Code, as well as administrative sanctions based on the Code of Ethics. Notary. The advice that can be given is that during the examination of the case, if the lawsuit contains formal defects, it is better to stop it so that the decision is not rejected. Then the parties in the lawsuit must make a detailed lawsuit so that the lawsuit can be granted. Then there are administrative sanctions for the notary who does not carry out the obligation to read the deed. less severe and less of a deterrent effect, then the supervisory board should ensure that the deed made by the notary is truly authentic or not during its inspection and there should be a clear place for complaints for the public to the regional supervisory board.

Deciphering the 4',7-Dihydroxy-3'-Methylflavone from Boerhavia, Agonist/Antagonist Interactions Against 5-HT2 Receptors using Homology Modeling, Molecular Docking, and Dynamic Simulation Studies.

Seizures, depression, and anxiety are neurological disorders that affected innumerable people worldwide. Recent research has revealed that targeting 5-hydroxytryptamine 2 (5-HT2) receptors can help suppress these conditions. An in-depth literature study has identified that phytocompounds from the Boerhavia genus could reduce seizures. Therefore, homology models of 5-HT2 receptors were generated and validated using techniques such as the alignment of amino acid sequences and the Ramachandran plot. Later, a comparison of modeled structures was made with a non-redundant set of PDB structures. The pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness, blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and Lipinski's rule of five shed light on 22 phytocompounds, which are the potential candidates for molecular docking among 127 Boerhavia's bioactive. Notably, molecular docking analysis revealed 4',7-dihydroxy-3'-methylflavone as the most potent lead compound, which has a strong binding affinity to all modeled receptors. Additionally, with a remarkably high docking score of -9.1 kcal/mol, 4',7-dihydroxy-3'-methylflavone showed promising interactions, particularly with 5-HT2A receptor, as seen from the RMSD, SASA, Rg, and number of hydrogen bonds during 100 ns molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Molecular Mechanics-Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA) further confirmed that 4',7-dihydroxy-3'-methylflavone is the best novel phytocompound in Boerhavia genus for 5-HT2 receptor as agonist/antagonist activity against seizures.

The Image of China in Russian Literature from the Early 20th Century to the 1950s

Abstract: In recent years, scholars from various countries have begun to focus on the theme of the East in their literary studies, and more attention has been paid to the image of China in Russian literature. However, most of the studies on Russian literature in the first half of the 20th century focus only on the Silver Age, and pay less attention to the image of China in Russian literature of other eras. This article focuses on the early 20th century to the 1950s, when Russia interacted with China most frequently, systematically combing it with the specific historical background and international situation of the times, and presents a complete image of China in the Russian literature. The study found that although Russian writers of each era had different experiences about China, and their own writing intentions were different, even the images of China written by Russian writers of the same era presented different characteristics, Russian literature from the early 20th century to the 1950s consistently reflected the social realities of both China and Russia. In fact, the process that Russian writers from the early 1900s to the 1950s constructed a more realistic and complete image of China was also a process that literary creation broke through national stereotypes. The evolution of the image of China in Russian literature from the beginning of the 20th century to the 1950s reflects the process of mutual interaction between the cultures of China and Russia, and also symbolizes the macro-trend of the world's national cultures to continuously eliminate the barriers between them and mingle with each other.

Telaah Hubungan Tongkonan dan Lanskap Budaya Toraja: Analisis Sistem Aktivitas dan Ekspresi Sistem Setting

Tongkonan, as vernacular architecture, cannot be dissociated from its cultural landscape. Tongkonan and its cultural landscape form a holistic entity that constitutes Toraja culture as a whole. However, most current research focuses solely on Tongkonan’s architectural and structural aspects. There are still few studies that explore Tongkonan’s vernacular architecture in connection with its cultural landscape, including its relationship to the culture of its people and its geographical context. This research is a desk study with the aim of formulating aspects related to further examining the relationship between Tongkonan as vernacular architecture and its cultural landscape based on theory of systems of activity and systems of setting. In addition, this paper contributes to fulfilling the 11th SDGs, covering four pillars -social, economic, ecology, and cultural. The method used is qualitative-descriptive with content analysis to analyze data obtained from the literature study. The analysis is supported by empirical studies in Kete' Kesu village in North Toraja Regency. The chosen location is an ancient village with a fairly complete cultural landscape and good accessibility. The findings show that the systems of activity for Toraja people in Tongkonan and its cultural landscape include domestic, religius, ecology and socio-economic activities. The systems of setting for Tongkonan and its cultural landscape encompass Tongkonan itself, alang, grazing area, puya, rante, saroan, paddy field, forest/kombong, farm, lantang, middle yard, Tongkonan surrounding, penanian, territory/liliq, area diamben, area ma'dika, area renge direnge, bridge, villages, settlement, pasar, graveyard, parampa.

Updating information of mycoses and antifungal medicines to find effective platforms for the production of new thiazole compounds

Introduction. Information about mycoses and antifungal drugs of the modern type is often fragmentary and unsystematic, which requires correction.Aim. To systematize the latest information about fungi and mycoses, means of combating them and the problems encountered along the way, to highlight the latest achievements in the field of synthesis and research of the activities of 1,2,4-triazole as a potential fungicidal compound.Materials and methods. The materials were the authors' research published in advanced scientific journals, conducted around the world in the field of studying fungi, antifungal drugs, and the search for new antifungal agents.Results and discussion. The article provides an overview of current information on the morphobiological features of fungi, updating their taxonomy and nomenclature, shows the role of fungi in nature and the development of fungal infections in humans and animals, structured information on the classification of mycoses and their pathogens. The latest information is also provided on the pharmacological properties of the main currently existing antifungal drugs, the mechanisms of formation of resistance to them in fungi, in a comparative aspect with other groups of antimycotic drugs, the prospects of azoles and their derivatives as new fungicidal drugs and disinfectants are shown. Literature studies have shown that 1,2,4-triazole derivatives have a wide range of antifungal activity, which extends to other types of activity.Conclusion. It was noted that the significant prospects of triazoles are due, among other things, to the fungicidal effect on resistant strains of fungi-pathogens of human and animal infections. The advantage of the new derivatives is the low level of concentrations suppressing fungi, low cytotoxicity, which allows them to be used for intravenous administration in the future. Updating information on the effectiveness of new antifungal compounds will help researchers systematize knowledge about the properties of azoles, which can contribute to the search and development of new potential candidates for antifungal drugs with high efficiency and selectivity, and contribute to the formation of new research directions for the search for effective means of combating mycoses in various fields of human activity.

The Influence of Accessibility, Design, and BUMDes Website Features on the Effectiveness of BUMDes Management in Sumberpucung District

Good management of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) is very important to support economic growth in the region. The BUMDes website of Sumberpucung District has been developed to support the effectiveness of BUMDes management there. This study aims to explore the influence of the existence of the website in terms of accessibility, interface design, and website features on the effectiveness of BUMDes management. Research data were obtained through literature studies and filling out questionnaires from 25 research samples. The research instruments used were tested through validity and reliability tests, and the data and regression models used were tested through classical assumption tests and hypothesis tests. The results of the study showed that accessibility, interface design, and website features had a significant positive effect on the effectiveness of BUMDes management in Sumberpucung District. The three variables also had a simultaneous effect on the effectiveness of BUMDes management. The results of this study are expected to be a consideration in the management of BUMDes in Sumberpucung District in the future and provide broader insights regarding the use of information technology and organizational management.

Analisis Pengelolaan Limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun (B3) di Industri Perhotelan Kota Jambi

This research aims to identify the type and amount of B3 waste, identify B3 waste management based on Government Regulation Number 22 of 2021, as well as the SWOT strategy for B3 waste management in the Jambi City hotel industry. The research method is a mixed method. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of open interviews using questionnaires, documentation and literature studies. This research used two types of informants, namely 5 experts and 36 hotel staff, with a questionnaire as the data collection instrument. The results of this research are the type of B3 waste in hotels, namely used oil with the highest amount, namely 0.786 tonnes, and the smallest amount, namely used cloth, amounting to 0.009 tonnes. The research results also found that the hotels that produced the most B3 waste were 5-star hotels, amounting to 0.752 tons. The stages of B3 waste management implemented in the hotel industry are the reduction stage and the storage stage. In the SWOT diagram, it is in quadrant II, namely a combination of strategies between strengths and threats (ST strategy), namely central government regulations, administrative sanctions for hotels, reducing the use of B3 waste in hotels, preparing TPS for B3 waste not mixed with other waste, the government working together. with third parties for B3 waste management, inviting the public to protect the environment.

Implementation of point of sales at Kopi Lentera using agile methods and scrum framework

Implement Point Of Sales (POS) at Kopi Lentera using Agile and Scrum Framework methods to improve transaction efficiency and accuracy and customer service quality. The purpose of this research is to improve efficiency in the transaction process, reduce errors, and improve customer relations by offering more responsive services through the design of a web-based POS system. The Agile method and Scrum Framework are utilized for managing the development process to ensure speed and adaptability to change. The data collection process is carried out by observation, interview, and literature study. Then the implementation of the device will be tested with the System Usability Scale (SUS) conducted on 10 respondents through a questionnaire. The study concludes that applying the agile-scrum method can result in the development of a POS system that meets the needs with a shorter development time. The implementation results show an increase in the efficiency of recording and transactions, as well as improving the quality of customer service.

A Training Person Need Analysis for Music Teachers Readiness to Teaching Music Vocational for Visually Impaired Student: A Review

Music vocational is a programme that provides students with work, networking and learning activities outside of school through music performance or other musical activities that encourage students to gain some experience in a music industry job setting. However, music vocational education is still developing and is currently trying to reach students with special needs through special schools. The standardised skills that are commonly used and developed in society need to be understood and practised by children with special needs, especially the visually impaired students. However, its programme some case not being executed by the relevant teachers background. This study aims to examine the need for relevant music teachers for the implementation of music vocational training programmes in special education settings. Literature study on this study to explain the standard specifications of music vocational education and training teachers and how to implement vocational or specialised music learning for visually impaired students. The qualitative data show that vocational music education requires teachers with at least two years' experience and knowledge of music and the music industry, as well as several strategies for teaching visually impaired students in vocational music programmes that are directed towards self-determination in preparation for possible future careers.

Implementation of Independent Curriculum for Elementary Schools in Indonesian Schools Abroad

The curriculum is an important guideline in the learning process, especially the Independent Curriculum is a curriculum designed to recover post-pandemic learning. This study aims to determine the implementation of the independent curriculum in elementary schools in Indonesia and Indonesian schools abroad which includes planning, implementation, and constraints and strategies. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a comparative approach. Data were collected using interviews, observations, document analysis, and literature studies. The data were analyzed using an interactive model of Miles & Huberman. The results of the study show that planning the implementation of the independent curriculum involves the preparation of learning tools such as learning outcomes (CP), learning objectives (TP), learning objectives (ATP), and teaching modules, as well as holding training, workshops, and In House Training (IHT) to improve teacher competence. The implementation of the curriculum in Indonesia has been running comprehensively since the 2023/2024 school year, while abroad it will start in 2022. The main obstacles include lack of teacher knowledge and training, teacher readiness, school support, and student diversity, as well as the lack of human resources and access to information abroad. To overcome these obstacles, ongoing training for teachers and adequate facilities and infrastructure are needed, along with innovative strategies such as the use of technology in learning.

Rancangan Sistem Profil Desa Sei Rotan Berbasis Website

In Sei Rotan Village, the village profile data processing process is carried out manually. The process of processing village profiles like this can result in unsafe storage of village profiles. So the researcher designed a website-based sei rattan village profile system, In this design there is a system design and a system interface design, the programming language used in this system is the php programming language and for the database is stored in MySQL Xampp. This research aims to design a profile system for Sei Rotan Villages, so that the data processed or input is stored safely. This research was conducted in Sei Rotan Village, Percut Sei Tuan District. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with data collection techniques through literature studies and observations. For the system development method, the researcher uses prototype. Judging from the above problems, there is a solution to overcome it so that the data before it is processed insecurely becomes safe and can be applied to the design of the village profile system of sei rattan. With this study, can conclude that the design of the village profile system made by the researcher is very helpful for Sei Rotan Village to access the village profile system quickly and safely in data storage.

Pembuktian Kasus Hukum Perkawinan

This study discusses the issue of marriage according to civil law in Indonesia, especially related to the importance of marriage registration to ensure the validity of marriage and the legal impact arising from unregistered marriages. This study aims to identify relevant legal provisions in marriage cases, especially those related to unregistered marriages, otherwise known as sirri marriages. The method used in this study is normative juridical, with secondary data from literature studies. The results of the study show that unregistered marriages have the potential to cause various legal problems, both for married couples and children born from the marriage. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of marriage registration as formal and legal evidence that protects the civil rights of husband and wife and children born from a valid marriage.

Women empowerment in restaurants: effects of femvertising, purplewashing and feminist identity on consumers’ willingness to pay a premium

Purpose Despite the increasing popularity of women-owned businesses in the marketplace, relatively few studies in the hospitality literature have focused on these businesses. Hence, this study aims to examine the impact of femvertising and purplewashing on consumers’ willingness to pay a premium at women-owned restaurants, as well as the role of feminist self-identification and psychological closeness underlying these associated effects. The study aims to provide insights into women-owned restaurant marketing strategies and to highlight the importance of authentic brand activism in consumer behavior in the restaurant industry. Design/methodology/approach Building on Construal Level Theory, this paper conducts two online experiments with 486 US participants who have dined at or ordered takeout from a restaurant. The studies aim to investigate consumers’ opinions about brand activism strategies (i.e. femvertising and purplewashing) in restaurants. Findings The results of two experimental studies indicate that a femvertising strategy increases consumers’ willingness to pay a premium for a women-owned restaurant compared to a non-women-owned restaurant. Moreover, consumers who identify more strongly as feminists are more likely to pay more for women-owned restaurants when purplewashing is absent (vs present). Additionally, psychological closeness serves as an underlying mechanism that explains these effects. Practical implications This study provides clear and actionable recommendations to help business stakeholders, owners and managers to market and advertise women-owned restaurants. For example, women-owned restaurant practitioners should feature women empowerment messaging in their advertisements to attract more consumers. However, they should avoid using purplewashing and other inauthentic brand activism practices in advertisements. Originality/value This research contributes to the hospitality literature on women entrepreneurship by exploring the effective marketing strategies of women-owned restaurants and investigating how to advertise women-owned businesses in the hospitality field. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is also the very first study to explore the role of femvertising and purplewashing in consumers’ food-related decision-making.

Exploring the Role of Public and Private Partnerships in Educational Development of Nepal

The education system of Nepal has undergone significant transformation in the last few decades. The transition is observed from a primarily government-driven model to one that increasingly incorporates public-private partnerships (PPPs). This paper aims to explore the role of these partnerships in enhancing educational quality, access, and equity in Nepal. By examining case studies, policy frameworks, and outcomes of various initiatives, it is assessed the efficacy of PPPs in addressing the systemic challenges faced by the Nepali education sector. The research also provides critical insights into how these partnerships can be leveraged to achieve Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4: Quality Education. Additionally, this paper also explores the role of PPPs in enhancing Nepal's educational development by improving infrastructure, access to education, teacher training, and overall quality of education. Through a review of existing literature and case studies, this study assesses the effectiveness, challenges, and potential of PPPs in transforming educational landscape of Nepal. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 11, Issue-4: 136-140.