Literature Review Of Diagnosis Research Articles

The prevalence of Lupus Anticoagulant in Iranian children and adolescents; Current status and literature review of diagnosis

The prevalence of Lupus Anticoagulant in Iranian children and adolescents; Current status and literature review of diagnosis

Primary PNET of Maxilla

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) are a type of small round cell tumors developing from migrating embryonal cells of the neural crest. Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors (pPNETs) are less common with varying incidence of occurrence in head and neck region. Only 8 reported cases of primary PNET of maxilla are available in English literature. We report a case of 8-year-old boy diagnosed as pPNET of maxilla after detailed radiologic, histopathologic, including immuno-histochemical examination and molecular diagnosis using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showing EWS-FLI1 translocation. The boy was treated with multiagent combination chemotherapy to be followed by definitive radiation therapy. A brief literature review of diagnosis and management of the previous 8 reported cases is done. In view of no definitive guideline for management of such cases, treatment on the lines of other pPNET is suggested.

Management of severe acute pancreatitis.

Acute pancreatitis is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Current management guidelines are sometimes equivocal, particularly in relation to the surgical treatment of severe disease. This review assesses available investigative and treatment strategies to allow the development of a formalized management approach. A literature review of diagnosis, staging and management of acute pancreatitis was performed. Recent evidence has helped to clarify the roles of computed tomography, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, prophylactic antibiotics, enteral feeding and fine-needle aspiration for bacteriology in the management of acute pancreatitis. Despite a relative shortage of prospective randomized trials there has been a significant change in the surgical management of acute pancreatitis over the past 20 years. This change has been away from early aggressive surgical intervention towards more conservative management, except when infected necrosis is confirmed. A formalized approach, with appropriate use of the various non-surgical and surgical options, is feasible in the management of severe acute pancreatitis.

Isopropanol ingestion: Case report with pharmacokinetic analysis

An unusual case of acute isopropanol overdose which occurred within the confines of the emergency department is reported. Serial serum concentrations of isopropanol and its metabolite acetone were followed for 43 hours. Pharmacokinetic analysis is presented, as well as a brief literature review of diagnosis and management. CNS toxicity was related mainly to isopropanol concentrations. The calculated half-life of isopropanol was 7.3 hours. Because of the pharmacokinetic profile of isopropanol, management decisions regarding the use of hemodialysis should be made within one to two hours of patient presentation.