Literary Prizes Research Articles

Contemporary Greek prose: An anthology; Contemporary Greek poetry: An anthology

The review discusses two anthologies of contemporary Greek literature (prose and poetry), comprising works of the authors distinguished with the country’s State Prize for Literature in the years from 2010 to 2018. The two books succeed in capturing the multidimensional character of Greece’s modern life and literature in small forms (short stories, novellas and poems). The first anthology features short stories and novellas by fourteen authors. The second contains works by twenty poets, each represented by five poems. While some authors were rewarded for their literary debut, others received the prize for lifetime achievements. Thanks to the anthologies, characterised by a diversity of subjects, artistic methods and poetic messages, the Russian audiences can join in the polylogue between classics and avant-gardists, realists and surrealists, and gurus and novices, as well as broaden their knowledge of the latest developments in a literature rooted in ancient history that remains unique and inspired through the oeuvre of its masters.

EAST-WEST DICHOTOMY: A STUDY OF ORHAN PAMUK’S NOVELSILENT HOUSE

Geographically and linguistically, Turkey has been at the core of the debate surrounding the conflict between East and the West and subsequently between the West and the Islamic world. Orhan Pamuk characterises Turkey as a "JanusNation" which within itself accommodated generational contradictions: between East and West, secularism and religion, and modernism and tradition. Pamuk does not choose one over the other but argues that the country must incorporate all of these contradictions.Orhan Pamuk's literary works are frequently characterised by the East-West conflicts leading to a sort of confusion or loss of personal identity. In the press announcement made on Orhan Pamuk's receipt of the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2006, the Swedish Academy lauded Pamuk as a novelist "who in the quest for the melancholic soul of his native city has discovered new symbols for the clash and interlacing of cultures" (The Nobel Prize in Literature 2006). The clash between two dissimilar cultures East and West, and the phenomena of history and modernity and love and hate make the kernel of Pamuk's literary works.The article attempts to illustrate that the current world has experienced the transition from one stage to another; nonetheless, the dichotomy between the East and the West is still pervasive in the modern world. The East-West dichotomy has multiple implications in different disciplines, including sociology, geography, history, theology, and literary studies. Regardless of the differences in its practices, it continues to symbolise the historical separation or polarization between the East and the West, which still exists in the contemporary world. In this context, Orhan Pamuk have been chosen to investigate the scope and depth of the conflict between two cultures and ideologies.

Presenting Norwegian Literature in Czechoslovakia: Norwegian Literature in Czech Translations 1945–1968

Translations contribute to spreading but also shaping of cultural memory. While the choice of titles which get to be translated is contingent on many factors which the publishers take into consideration, decision-making in totalitarian countries is fettered. In communist Czechoslovakia, the final selection of books, and therefore memories, had to meet yet another criterion which deformed the natural literary development – censorship. The article focuses on Norwegian literature which was introduced into Czech between 1945 and 1968. Norwegian literature had already had a strong position on the Czechoslovak literary market since the end of the 19th century and in the first half of the 20th century thanks to several publishing houses, translators, and the introduction of the Nobel Prize in literature. This tradition was first interrupted by the WWII and shortly after again by the communist coup in 1948. Although the restrictions began loosening later, the Soviet intervention in 1968 installed the restrictions again.The object is to present and examine the image of Norwegian literature in Czech literary memory as it was shaped by the cultural policies of totalitarian Czechoslovakia; and to show and explain which type of literature could enter Czech bookshops and libraries. The focus often shifted to a specific literary genre, republishing the earlier works of the Norwegian canon, or works by authors whose work was translated into Czech although they were marginalized in Norway and did not make it into the Norwegian national canon. An important part of such a perception is not only remembering but also forgetting. The article therefore also maps the active suppressing of memories by black-listing particular authors or works.Lastly, the article is also concerned with peritexts of translation, namely introductions and afterwords, as these often contributed to mediation of the transfer.

Semantic fields in the book of the Arabs by Abu Al-Mansur Al-Jawaliqi The animal as a model

The Flandra Road novel is one of the most famous works of the French writer Claude Simon, who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1985. His novel, which dates back to 1960, is full of indications that show the extent to which the writer was affected by the horrors of war, especially the First and Second World Wars. He is a soldier who escaped from Nazi prisons. In addition to being greatly affected by France's defeats in wars ago. This is what left its influence on the plot of Flandra Road and the linguistic style used in it.
 The reader of the novel finds himself in front of unfamiliar linguistic methods, the writer's intention to include them in a way that draws attention, as if it is an implicit message that needs to be read between its lines, and this is the goal of the research that sheds light on three themes that were chosen to be studied and analyzed in order to know the motives for their appearance in this text. The writer deliberately fragmented the language in the narrative text. For example, the narrator appears once with the pronoun (I) and again with the pronoun (he), which refers to George, the main character, who is lost with his companions in the forests of Flandra.
 The second theme of the research deals with the frequent use of the subject's noun and the relationship of this use with the writer's influence on drawing and photography. As for the last axis, it deals with punctuation marks that disappear in some places, such as: comma, period, and quotation marks, especially in direct speech, or those that are repeated, such as parentheses, for example, in many passages within the novel.

The structure of the novel character In the novel "The Ring of Sand" by the storyteller Fouad Al-Takarli - an applied study

The Flandra Road novel is one of the most famous works of the French writer Claude Simon, who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1985. His novel, which dates back to 1960, is full of indications that show the extent to which the writer was affected by the horrors of war, especially the First and Second World Wars. He is a soldier who escaped from Nazi prisons. In addition to being greatly affected by France's defeats in wars ago. This is what left its influence on the plot of Flandra Road and the linguistic style used in it. The reader of the novel finds himself in front of unfamiliar linguistic methods, the writer's intention to include them in a way that draws attention, as if it is an implicit message that needs to be read between its lines, and this is the goal of the research that sheds light on three themes that were chosen to be studied and analyzed in order to know the motives for their appearance in this text. The writer deliberately fragmented the language in the narrative text. For example, the narrator appears once with the pronoun (I) and again with the pronoun (he), which refers to George, the main character, who is lost with his companions in the forests of Flandra. The second theme of the research deals with the frequent use of the subject's noun and the relationship of this use with the writer's influence on drawing and photography. As for the last axis, it deals with punctuation marks that disappear in some places, such as: comma, period, and quotation marks, especially in direct speech, or those that are repeated, such as parentheses, for example, in many passages within the novel.

Memories for the Future? An Ecocritical Reading of Andri Snær Magnason’s On Time and Water. A History of Our Future (2019)

Andri Snær Magnason’s On Time and Water. A History of Our Future, categorized as a novel when nominated for the Nordic Literary Prize in 2020, is a unique contribution to cli-fi literature and the understanding of climate change. A generic hybrid of autobiography, stories, myths, family- and Icelandic history and culture interwoven with references to international cultures, scientific discussions and evidence-based material, the novel spans times and places and addresses the future. Applying theories from ecocriticism and memory studies, the article explores how the compositional complexity of the book, including its mental time travels, contributes to the production of images of the future.

Rise, fall, and resurrection of educational technologies: the curious case of Decroly in Spain

ABSTRACT This article, delivered as one of two keynote lectures at the International Standing Conference for the History of Education (ISCHE) in Milan in September 2022, offers an example of an autosociobiographical approach to the history of education, in which the life story of the author is entangled with the collective movement of a generation of pedagogues, to capture “the lived dimension of History”, quoting the winner of the 2022 Nobel Prize in Literature, Annie Ernaux. It describes the journey of the “centres of interest”, a pedagogical technology closely linked to the Belgian educational reformer and scientist Ovide Decroly, which evoked positive and negative emotions among the Spanish pedagogical explorers who visited Decroly Schools in the first decades of the twentieth century. This technology found its way into material school culture in Spain, grew into a veritable mania, but died an early death after the Spanish Civil War. It returned in a new guise, the “globalised didactic units”, thanks to textbooks written by the first post-war generations of pedagogues, who rediscovered Decroly’s ideas, and developed an emotional bond with these textbooks, and ‒ without knowing it ‒ also with their pre-war predecessors.

Excellence in art is unutterable: interview with Isidore Diala

In this interview with Chibueze Darlington Anuonye, Nigerian writer and respected literary scholar Isidore Diala speaks about his recently published play, The Truce, and about the impact of literary prizes on his creative and scholarly careers, highlighting the prospects and challenges of writing and publishing in Africa, where the economic capital of literature is daunted by the economic austerity of the continent.

Метафорика современного художественного текста (на материале романа Г. Мюллер «Качели дыхания»)

The article aims to consider the metaphor of a literary text as a reflection of ideological or aesthetic priorities typical of a certain era, as a manifestation of the national and cultural conditionality of its author’s work and as a way of expressing a linguistic picture of the world, closely interconnected with its ideological and artistic principles and life experience. The corpus of the study is represented by the text of the novel “The Swing of the Breath” by Herta Müller, who received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2009 for it. The metaphor of this text as a set of metaphors, which are the main method of artistic expression in the novel, are characterized by special properties: they are mainly cognitive metaphors, the basis for which is the method of transforming the objective world into a symbolic presentation of abstract concepts. The spread of personifications, replacing communication with people and between people with contacts with inanimate objects, reflects the author’s rejection of totalitarianism as a principle of power that humiliates the human person, which, as a result, refuses to sympathize with one’s neighbor. Non-traditional ways of creating metaphors are shown through the method of word creation, the combination of incompatible elements of the language, giving the effect of vivid poetic expressiveness. Attention is also paid to the linguocultural specifics of G. Muller’s work.

Sámi Literature in Norwegian Language Arts Textbooks

Sámi Literature in Norwegian Language Arts Textbooks

THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA, THE BATTLE OF LIFE FOR ALL HUMAN KIND

<p><span>The Old Man And The Sea, by Ernest Hemingway, went in printing in 1952, a year later was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for fiction. In 1954, Hemingway was given the Nobel Prize in Literature. After such a big success and a long and well accomplished career, a few years later, on a Sunday, the morning July 2nd 1961, Hemingway committed suicide. The paradox of the author’s ending with the ending of his most famous novel The Old Man And The Sea is that Ernest Hemingway, the man, gave up, whereas his character in the novel Santiago never gave up, was never defeated, emerging triumphant with the struggle against larger forces. This paradox raises the question: is The Old Man And The Sea a reflection of the author’s personal life and agony, as most commentators believe, or is it much more than that? A novel that depicts and represents the constant struggle of human kind in every era? Why was Hemingway in agony? Ernest Hemingway was a writer that belonged to the Lost Generation. One can imagine living the horrors of WWI, known as the Great War, being a personal witness in the Civil Spanish War, then WWII, living the entire adult life in and between wars. One looses hope and only dwells in the despair of loss, and agonizing in every breath. But as painful as his life was, Hemingway wrote this novel not just like a reflection of his own agony, not just as an expression of his own voice, but more than that, he portrayed the constant human struggle throughout the centuries, speaking in the voice of all humanity, past, present and future. This approach is the key what makes the novel so great. And the style and symbolism used in it make it a masterpiece therefore reading it a very thrilling experience. In this paper I will analyze the symbolism used in The Old Man And The Sea as well as make a comparison with a flow of historical and literary memory and conscience of the human kind, the world at large and of its author Ernest Hemingway. The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis on why this novel goes beyond the voice of the author. It is a universal work that represents the struggle and calling of humanity throughout the ages.</span></p><p><span><strong>Keywords:</strong> Hemingway, Old Man, sea, symbolism, Santiago, Manolin, Marlin, sharks, lions, fish, humankind, struggle, universal.</span></p>

The Aesthetic Inheritance of the Mao Dun Literature Prize in the Flux—Take Xu Mao and His Daughters and A Tale of the Wind as Examples

The Aesthetic Inheritance of the Mao Dun Literature Prize in the Flux—Take Xu Mao and His Daughters and A Tale of the Wind as Examples

Literary Attacks on Thornton Wilder

Abstract Having been attacked by the Marxist critic Michael Gold in 1930 for ostensibly ignoring the social issues of the day, and by Joseph Campbell and Henry Morton Robinson in 1942 and 1943 with accusations insinuating plagiarism, Thornton Wilder responded primarily as a creative writer. Although his plays and novels reflect his own literary goals, some passages include subtle responses to his critics. His prefaces, personal correspondence, and memoranda for his attorneys directly responded to the accusations. The attacks, at times ad hominem and homophobic, and often made in bad faith, had consequences. Wilder experienced astonishment, disgust, and personal distress. As a result of one controversy, The Skin of Our Teeth failed to win the New York Drama Critics’ Circle Award. Nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1949, Wilder did not win, an outcome some critics attribute to these controversies. Wilder reacted to these attacks in the same way he lived his life and composed his writings, with poise, dignity, sensitivity, creativity, and an affirmation of human freedom.

Trumpet: Revisiting and Reimagining Thornton Wilder’s The Trumpet Shall Sound

Abstract The Trumpet Shall Sound (1919–20) is Thornton Wilder’s first known full-length, published, and produced play. The action is straightforward: While their master is away on a prolonged journey, three servants open the house to roomers for profit, but then they live in guilt and fear of discovery. The play was awarded a college literary prize and it attracted the attention of talented director Richard Boleslavsky, but his production received mixed reviews. Wilder considered rewriting the problematic final act, but instead he moved on to Pulitzer Prize–winning literary and theatrical projects. This article revisits The Trumpet Shall Sound and shows its value as a harbinger of its author’s later genius. In structure and themes, this early allegorical work foreshadows Wilder’s mature exploration of the microcosm of the everyday connected through religious and mythic sources to the universal. The article also describes how its author followed the characters, dialogue, and symbolism and drew on input from scholars as she reimagined Wilder’s play as Trumpet, her 2020 and 2022 adaptations.

An Analysis of the Humanistic Thought and Its Practical Significance in <i>The Old Man and the Sea</i>

<i>The Old Man and the Sea</i> is a novellas written by Ernest Hemingway and published in 1952, which not only won him the Pulitzer Prize in 1953, but also the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954. This work created a "Fever of Hemingway literary" around the world. In this work, Hemingway not only portrays the images of dual Christs, the Great Marlin and the old man Santiago, but also the little boy Manolin as the Redeemer. This article takes the three images of the old man Santiago, the young boy Manolin, and the big marlin as the starting point to analyze the humanistic thoughts in <i>The Old Man and the Sea</i> and the rich practical significance behind them. The old man Santiago develops a sense of camaraderie with the big marlin during their intense struggle and is ultimately saved by the young boy Manolin. In face of voidable death, he still believes that a man can be destroyed, but not defeated. He dares to struggle against the cruel social reality and cruel fate. In this process, it also reflects Hemingway's reflection on the fate of modern Western individuals as a representative writer of The Lost Generation, as well as his concern and exploration for the way out of human survival difficulties.

The Polyphonic Structure in Modern Arabic Novel: “With Particular Reference to Miramar, The Spartan Diwan, and Bookseller’s Notebooks as Case Studies”

This critical study aims at exploring the polyphonic structure in three Modern Arabic Novels. The first novel, Miramar, written by Mahfouz, won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1988. It is set in Alexandria, Egypt, in 1960. The second novel, authored by the Algerian Issawi, is entitled al diwan al-party (The Spartan Diwan or Court) and is set from 1815 to 1833. The third novel, dafatir al-Waraq (Bookseller’s Notebooks), is from Jordan and is written by Barjass. The paper tries to clarify and uncover the narration method in these three modern Arabic novels that demonstrate a narrative discursive style parallel to what Bakhtin suggests as a Polyphonic Novel. The central question behind this argument is ‘what are the primary features of polyphonic narrative in these three novels?’ The attempt to answer this question clarifies the ways these features contribute to the meaning of these novels. The paper concludes that the polyphonic structure becomes an evitable feature of Modern Arabic Novel and is evident in the existence of multiple narrators, diverse cultures, stream of consciousness, the interrelationship of literary genres, and using poetic language and dialogues.

An eco-feminist Interpretation of Alice Monroe's Short Story "Dear Life"

The inequality of social status between men and women has always been one of the social problems warmly discussed in novels. Alice Munro is a contemporary Canadian woman Author, awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize in Literature, is known for describing women's lives, inspiring them, and guiding them; William Faulkner is an American, the representative writer of the Southern Renaissance, who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1949, represented women in the American South through a series of female characters, the sympathy of tragic fate led the trend of female consciousness in America at that time. This paper discusses the female consciousness in Alice Monroe's novel and analyzes the awakening of female consciousness.

A Mysticism Approach to Yeats Byzantium

William Butler Yeats is the most famous poet in the history of modern Irish literature. He is called the greatest poet of our time by T.S Eliot. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1925. He has a strong interest in mysticism and has made unremitting exploration of it throughout his life. Mysticism is an important source of Yeatss life creation. From the early collection of Irish folklore and mythology to the formation of the later mysterious system, Yeats constructed his own set of mythological systems. Yeats mysticism is particularly evident in his poem Byzantium. His poems are full of mystery due to the combination of Irish folk mythology, Swedish mysticism philosophy, Judaism and Christian doctrine, Indian Buddhist thought, ancient Greek and ancient Egyptian mythology and other factors. Among them, his poems are famous for the symbol of Oriental mysticism. This paper makes a detailed interpretation of Byzantine and then implements the analysis of this masterpiece in each section. Based on this analysis, this paper focuses on the interpretation of mysticism in poetry and its impact in order to achieve a better understanding of the mysticism embodied in poetry and provide a valuable reference for future research on related issues.

Linguistic processes in La Route des Flandres by Claude Simon

The Flandra Road novel is one of the most famous works of the French writer Claude Simon, who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1985. His novel, which dates back to 1960, is full of indications that show the extent to which the writer was affected by the horrors of war, especially the First and Second World Wars. He is a soldier who escaped from Nazi prisons. In addition to being greatly affected by France's defeats in wars ago. This is what left its influence on the plot of Flandra Road and the linguistic style used in it. The reader of the novel finds himself in front of unfamiliar linguistic methods, the writer's intention to include them in a way that draws attention, as if it is an implicit message that needs to be read between its lines, and this is the goal of the research that sheds light on three themes that were chosen to be studied and analyzed in order to know the motives for their appearance in this text. The writer deliberately fragmented the language in the narrative text. For example, the narrator appears once with the pronoun (I) and again with the pronoun (he), which refers to George, the main character, who is lost with his companions in the forests of Flandra. The second theme of the research deals with the frequent use of the subject's noun and the relationship of this use with the writer's influence on drawing and photography. As for the last axis, it deals with punctuation marks that disappear in some places, such as: comma, period, and quotation marks, especially in direct speech, or those that are repeated, such as parentheses, for example, in many passages within the novel.

The Exploration of Identity in the Works of Toni Morrison: An Analytical Study

The subject of identification in Toni Morrison's writing is examined in this study. A well-knownwriter of African descent, Morrison has received numerous honors for works, including theNobel Prize for Literature in 1993. Morrison’s books are renowned for the incisive depictions ofAfrican-American life and the nuanced ways in which history, race, and gender interact to createidentity. The aim of this study is to explore how Morrison's characters deal with identity issuesand the difficulties of existing in a society that is frequently unfriendly to people through ananalysis of the novels. The article focuses in particular on the ways that Morrison's charactersnavigate the conflict between individuality and community and how the characters attempt tobalance the needs and wants with those of respective social and cultural environments. The thesisof the study is that Morrison's writings offer a potent witness to the ongoing fight for selfdetermination and the significance of appreciating the complexity of identity. Morrisonemphasizes the ways in which identity is created by a variety of elements in great storytellingand complex characterizations. The Novels also stresses the significance of embracing andenjoying the various experiences and viewpoints that make up the human experience.