List Of Specimens Research Articles

Charles Darwin's Zoology Notes and Specimen Lists from HMS Beagle

Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection provides a powerful meta-theoretical framework that has the potential to unify and energize research in the social sciences just as it has the biological sciences and the field of psychology. A rapidly growing body of research in the field of evolutionary psychology has documented the importance of evolutionary forces in shaping patterns of human cognition and behavior. The process of natural selection is proposed to have shaped many behaviors that represent crimes in modern societies, such as murder, assault, rape, and theft, to address ancestrally recurrent conflicts between individuals. The cost-inflicting strategies that we recognize as crimes may have been favored by natural selection when they gave individuals an advantage in competition for scarce, reproductively reproductively-relevant resources. An exploration of the contexts of ancestrally recurrent conflicts for these resources and how the process of selection operates to shape adaptive strategies in individuals to best competitors can help to elucidate the nature of cognitive and behavioral adaptations that are hypothesized to produce criminal behaviors. An evolutionary forensic psychology represents the beginning of a revolution of thought and discovery that will bring us closer to the true nature of individuals, societies, morality, crime, and what our laws are capable of doing.

Charles Darwin's zoology notes & specimen lists from H.M.S. Beagle

Introduction Acknowledgements Note on editorial policy Principal sources of references Zoology notes Specimen lists Specimens in spirits of wine Specimens not in spirits Index of animals and plants, Index of people, ships and places.

Book Review of 'Charles Darwin's Zoology Notes and Specimen Lists from H. M. S. Beagle' by Richard Keynes

Book Review of 'Charles Darwin's Zoology Notes and Specimen Lists from H. M. S. Beagle' by Richard Keynes

Primates from Rudabánya: allocation of specimens to individuals, sex and age categories

Fossil primates have been known from the late Miocene locality of Rudabánya since 1965. Numerous campaigns of collecting, sampling and excavation have been carried out since that time by several teams of researchers, but the sample of primates has never been fully catalogued and published. Here we provide a comprehensive list of all primate specimens from Rudabánya with provenience data and allocation to individuals. At the main locality of R II 16 individuals are attributed to Anapithecus and nine to Dryopithecus, based on dental remains. Anapithecus comes mostly from a layer of gray to black marl and Dryopithecus is found mostly in a less consolidated overlying black mud. However, both taxa are found in both layers. Anapithecus is represented by larger proportions of juveniles and females, andDryopithecus by more adult and subadult males. Both species are represented primarily by dental remains, but those ofDryopithecus are more commonly associated with mandibles and maxillae, while in Anapithecus most individuals are represented by associated dentitions. Dryopithecus is better represented by postcrania other than phalanges.Anapithecus age and sex frequency distributions are more typical of those of carnivore and chimpanzee prey assemblages than Dryopithecus.

A Redescription of Atheris squamigera (Serpentes: Viperidae) with Comments on the Validity of Atheris anisolepis

-We provide a redescription of the holotype of Atheris squamigera (Hallowell), which previously was reported as lost We show that characters used to differentiate A. anisolepis Mocquard are either present in the holotype of A. squamigera (a male), or are sexually dimorphic traits found in female A. squamigera. We consider A. anisolepis to be a junior synonym of A. squamigera. e etology, Vol. 34, No. 3, p . 386-389, 20 Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles i i of theris squamigera (Serpentes: Viperidae) with t e alidity of Atheris anisolepis Atheris squamigera of Central Africa is a widespread species renowned for its variability (Spawls and Branch 1995). Since its description by Hallowell (1856), A. squamigera has had a tangled taxonomic history, incorporating numerous variously recognized synonyms and subspecies (reviewed in McDiarmid et al., 1999). Of particular contention has been the recognition of Atheris anisolepis Mocquard (1887). Recent treatments have recognized this taxon as distinct from A. squamigera (Broadley, 1996, 1998; McDiarmid et al., 1999), or as a subspecies (Golay et al., 1993). Trape and Roux-Esteve (1995) also supported the validity of A. anisolepis, but recognized the taxon as A. laeviceps Boettger (1887). Appearing at the end of 1887, Boettger's A. laeviceps is considered a junior synonym of A. anisolepis (reviewed in Broadley, 1998; McDiarmid 3 Present Address: Zoo Atlanta, 800 Cherokee Ave., S.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30315-1440, USA. t al., 1999). However, both McDiarmid et al. (1999) and Broadley (1996, 1998) have commented on the uncertainty that persists over the validity of A. anisolepis. Adding to the confusion surrounding Atheris squamigera and A. anisolepis, Hughes and Barry (1969) reported the holotype of A. squamigera (ANSP 6949) as lost. Apparently, no authority has re-examined and reported on the type of A. squamigera since its original description, leading to the tentative recognition of A. anisolepis by McDiarmid et al. (1999) and Broadley (1996, 1998). To address the status of Atheris anisolepis Mocquard, we examined 31 specimens of A. squamigera, including the holotype re-discovered in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and topotypic A. anisolepis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Characters in the description and systematic account follow those used in recent treatments 386 This content downloaded from 207.46.13.146 on Tue, 23 Aug 2016 05:04:13 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms REDESCRIPTION OF ATHERIS SQUAMIGERA of the genus by Broadley (1998) and Lawson (1999). Features of scalation were examined by holding preserved specimens under a dissecting microscope. Scale terminology generally is that of Klauber (1956), except for the terms suprarostrals, interoculabials, and interorbitals in keeping with Broadley (1998). Interrictal counts were made by counting scales across the back of the head between the posterior supralabials. Dorsal scale rows were counted approximately one head-length posterior to the head, at midbody, and approximately one head-length anterior to the vent. Color descriptions in preservative are based on the standard of Smithe (1975). Snout-vent length (SVL) and tail length were measured to the nearest mm using a meter stick. Other standard measurements were taken to the nearest 0.1 mm using a dial caliper held under a dissecting microscope. Museum abbreviations refer to Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (ANSP), American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), and The University of Texas at Arlington (UTA). A list of specimens examined is given in Appendix 1. To clarify confusion surrounding the highly variable Atheris squamigera and the variously recognized A. anisolepis, we provide the following redescription and diagnosis of A. squamigera.

Itinerary and specimen list of M.A. Pocock’s botanical collecting expedition in Zambia and Angola in 1925

Mary Agard Pocock, bom in Rondebosch in 1886, and best known as an algologist, was also a ‘trailblazer' in the biological exploration o f Angola. She, and the ethnologist Dorothea Bleek, undertook a scientific expedition which started at Livingstone, Zambia, and ended at Lobito Bay, Angola, during the dry season, from April to October 1925.During the journey Mary Pocock collected ± 1 000 specimens in the Zambesian region o f endemism (II). as delineated by White (1983) o f which 12 were considered to be species novae. Many o f the specimens were painted by Mary. Some original paintings are housed in the Selmar Schonland Herbarium, Grahamstown (GRA). She also kept detailed diaries o f her route past villages and through the different vegetation types. Collecting locations, with specimen numbers relating to her collection in the Zambesian region, are indicated. An alphabetical list o f all the species collected by Mary Pocock during this exploration has been compiled

Notes relating to the flora of Bhutan: XXXVI. Umbelliferae, II

The second and final part, in which Himalayan taxa in the genera Acronema, Angelica, Chamaesciadium, Chamaesium, Heracleum, Lalldhwojia, Oenanthe, Physospermopsis, Pimpinella, Pleurospermopsis, Pleurospermum, Schulzia, Selinum, Sinocarum, Tordyliopsis and Vicatia are typified with notes on some critical groups (notably Acronema, Selinum and Sinocarum). The new name Cnidium bhutanicum is established. A list of voucher specimens for the whole Flora account is appended.

A Novel Karyotype in a South Indian Tettigonid. (Subfam: Listroscelinae-Orthoptera).

1) During a chromosomal survey of the tettigonids an unusual specimen No. 207 (in our list of specimens) was discovered which is tentatively placed under the genus Euhexacentrus of the subfam : Listroscelinae. 2) Euhexacentrus sp. (specimen No. 207) is unusual among the tettigonids as its karyotype has the lowest chromosome number of 2n=9 (8A+X) with 4 pairs of metacentric autosomes and a smaller acrocentric X chromosome. 3) This karyotype is compared with the karyotype of E. annulicornis, whose chromosome number is 12 (10A+XY) and are all metacentric. 4) The karyotype details of all the known species of the subfam : Listroscelinae are presented for comparison along with the present Euhexacentrus sp. 5) The probable evolution of the present karyotype is discussed.

Revision and Typification of Brazilian Augusta (Rubiaceae, Rondeletieae), with Ecological Observations on the Riverine Vegetation of the Cerrado and Atlantic Forests

A revision of Brazilian Augusta and general comments on the systematics of this genus are presented. The complex taxonomic history of this taxon has caused confusion over its correct nomenclature. The peculiar geographic distribution of Augusta has stimulated field observations and analysis of the ecology of the Brazilian ecosystems where this taxon occurs, which are here presented. The five Brazilian species of Augusta described by Pohl are here treated as ecotypes of A. longifolia. This species has two distinct varieties: var. Longifolia, widespread throughout the Brazilian cerrado, and var. parvifolia, endemic to the Atlantic forest near Rio de Janeiro. Typification, list of representative specimens, and distribution map of A. longifolia are also included.

The list of type specimens of Crassulaceae from East and South Africa and Madagascar in the Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute (LE)

A list of the type specimens of specific and infraspecific taxa of African and Madagascar Crassulaceae preserved in the herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (LE) in St. Petersburg is given.

Notes concerning the Typification of Names of William Roxburgh's Species of Phanerogams

Summary. An outline is given of William Roxburgh's botanical work in India leading to the publication of 'Hortus Bengalensis', 'Plants of the Coast of Coromandel' and 'Flora Indica'. The locations of the main sets of Roxburgh's specimens and drawings are discussed. Problems in typifying the names of Roxburgh's species are discussed as well as the relevance of the Flora Indica drawings. A partial list of Roxburgh specimens of his species is given: this is largely based on a manuscript list at Brussels of specimens there from the Martius herbarium, and on entries in Wallich's 'Catalogue'. Other specimens at Edinburgh, Liverpool, Oxford etc. are included. The corresponding drawings at Kew or Calcutta are listed where these are present.

Mosses from the Mascarenes - 5.

A list of Pottiaceae specimens is presented. Trichostomum bombayense C.Müll. is transferred to the genus Pseudosymblepharis Broth., and a new combination is made: Pseudosymblepharis bombayensis (C.Müll.) P. Sollman. Five new synonyms are proposed. Gametophyte characters, separating non-fruiting material of Pseudosymblepharis bombayensis from Trichostomum tenuirostre (Hook. & Tayl.) Lindb., are listed.

The type specimens of mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) deposited in the entomological collection of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

A list of type specimens of 100 mosquito species deposited in the Entomological collection of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz is presented. It includes five holotypes belonging to the subfamily Anophelinae; 56 holotypes of Culicinae and two of Toxorhynchitinae. A lectotype is designated for Toxorhynchites fluminensis. The holotypes of six nominal species - Psorophora chiquitana, Psorophora circunflava, Psorophora melanota, Psorophora lanei, Wyeomyia brucei and Uranotaenia noctivaga - previously considered non existent or of unknown location were found in the collection.

Three Previously Undescribed Central American Species of Sloanea (Elaeocarpaceae)

Sloanea geniculata Damon A. Smith, S. laevigata Damon A. Smith, and S. rugosa Damon A. Smith are described from Nicaragua and Costa Rica based primarily on stamen, foliage, and stip- ule characters. They are differentiated from the most closely related S. faginea Standley, S. schom- burgkii Bentham, and S. meianthera Donnell Smith, respectively, and Latin diagnoses, specimen lists, and summaries of distinguishing features are pro- vided. Illustrations are also provided for S. geni- culata and S. rugosa. Although Costa Rica has the highest collection density of any Central American country (Gentry, 1978), new species are continually being discov- ered there, particularly among hard to collect ar- borescent groups. Sloanea is a case in point, with eleven species new to science and eight range ex- tensions recorded in Costa Rica in the forty years since C. E. Smith's (1954) monograph of the New World species (D. A. Smith, in prep.). Three of the new species occur along the eastern edge of the Caribbean piedmont. Although they are at present known only from small areas in Costa Rica and Nicaragua, the true range of each may well be larg- er. They are presented here to accommodate pub- lication of the Flora of Nicaragua. The information presented here is in large part a product of research conducted at Duke University, Durham, North Car- olina (D. A. Smith, 1985). In the following descriptions, growth incre- ment indicates that portion of a twig produced during a flush of growth.

Scaphopoda‐Typen und ‐Typoide (Mollusca) im Zoologischen Museum in Berlin

Catalogue of the Types of Scaphopoda (Mollusca) in the Collections of the Zoological Museum in BerlinThis paper provides a list of the type specimens of Scaphopoda (Mollusca) in the collections of the Zoological Museum in Berlin. It includes thirty‐two types of species, described by Wilhelm Dunker, Frederick Wollaston Hutton, Siegfried H. F. Jaeckel, Eduard von Martens, Ludwig Plate, George Brettingham Sowerby and Henry Suter. Collection and bibliographical data are provided for the specimens.

Collection transfer

I he National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution), Department 01 Paleobiology, recently received the collection of invertebrate fossils (except Insecta and Patagonia material) formerly housed in the Princeton University, Department of Geological and Geophysical Sciences. This fine collection contains approximately 70,000 specimens; type and nontype specimens were stored together in taxonomic order. Current documentation for the entire collection consists of a card catalogue. Following curation, the specimens will be housed taxonomically in standing type and nontype collections. Lists of type specimens received will be published as they are isolated. Borrowers should return specimens to the Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, upon completion of loans.

The Identity of Microdendron sinense (Polytrichaceae)

Microdendron sinense Broth. (Polytrichaceae) is transferred to Pogonatum, as Po- gonatum sinense (Broth.) Hyv6nen & Wu comb. nov. The sporophyte of the species is described in detail for the first time. The monotypic genus Microdendron Broth. was described by Brotherus (1929) on material collected by Handel-Mazzetti in China in northwestern Yun- nan. Unfortunately, the type material (H-BR) in- cluded no sporophytes (although two setae were il- lustrated and described in Brotherus 1929). Accordingly the status of this monotypic genus has been in doubt. Gametophytic characters imply close affinity to Dendroligotrichum (C. Miill.) Broth. (Brotherus 1929) and to Pogonatum P. Beauv. (Smith 1971; Hyv6nen 1989). Chen et al. (1978) gave an overall description of the species and illustrations of the sporophyte, but no taxonomic conclusions were drawn. Li (1985) published illustrations of M. sinense but without further discussion. Neither of these Chinese treatments cited specimens. Three specimens recently collected in China in Yunnan and Xizang (see the list of specimens below) include young capsules and allow study of the peri- stome teeth and other important characters of the sporophyte. In addition to these specimens the type material and the recent collection reported by Long (1992) from Bhutan were also studied.

Notes on Elaeagia myriantha, Comb. Nov. (Rubiaceae)

Notes on Elaeagia myriantha, Comb. Nov. (Rubiaceae)

A taxonomic revision of the genus Monanthes Haworth (Crassulaceae)

The genus Monanthes Haworth (Crassulaceae) is critically revised. 10 species and 1 heterotypic subspecies are recognized and classified into 3 sections in this study: sect. Monanthoidea incl. M. atlantica, M. lowei, M. brachycaulos, M. minima, M. pallens, M. icterica; sect. Monanthes incl. M. polyphylla ssp. polyphylla, M. polyphylla ssp. amydros, M. muralis; sect. Sedoidea incl. M. laxiflora, M. anagensis. Keys are given for their identification, as well as descriptions for each taxon together with synonyms, distribution, a list of specimens examined and additional notes. Putative inter- and infrageneric relationships are discussed on the basis of comparative morphology.

Philippine brittlestars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) described by R. Koehler (1922): A corrected and annotated list of type specimens

Philippine brittlestars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) described by R. Koehler (1922): A corrected and annotated list of type specimens