List Of Objects Research Articles

Виды объектов иска по делам о признании постройки самовольной

The question of the types of objects of unauthorized construction is of great importance for the arbitration process. The main purpose of the study is to correctly determine the object of the claim in cases of recognizing the building as unauthorized, which is the guarantee of a legal and well-grounded court decision. To achieve this goal, the views of scientists regarding the composition of real estate objects, which can be recognized as unauthorized buildings, have been studied. The current legislation, the legal positions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation and the Supreme Arbitration Court, expressed by it before its liquidation, and the practice of arbitration courts of the Russian Federation are analyzed. Research results: the concept of a building is disclosed, which is important for determining the object of the claim. Recognition of construction as real estate allowed real estate to be classified into traditional and non-traditional. Traditional objects that, under certain conditions, can be recognized as unauthorized constructions include buildings, structures, other structures, including objects of unfinished construction, non-traditional real estate objects that appeared as a result of the development of certain sectors of the economy, in particular linear objects, apartment buildings, artificial land plots, parking spaces, etc. Since all objects in respect of which claims for unauthorized construction can be filed relate to real estate, a proposal was made to amend Article 130 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, adding to the list of real estate objects, those types that are contained in part 7 of Art. 1 of the Registration Law 2015.

АНАЛІЗ АРХІТЕКТУРНО-РОЗПЛАНУВАЛЬНОЇ СТРУКТУРИТА ФОРТИФІКАЦІЙНИХ ОБ’ЄКТІВ МІСТА ЛЬВОВАЗА КАРТОЮ ЖАНА ДОЕТЧА 1770 Р. (1750 Р.)

The article analyzes the plan of the city of Lviv by Jean Doetsch from 1770 - one of the first cartographic sources to the history of the city. The significance of the plan for the scientific reconstruction of the state of the architectural and town-planning structures of the city for the second half of the 18th century is revealed. The hypothesis that the map was made for educational and military purposes is substantiated. This is evidenced by a careful fixation of the fortification structure of the city center, indicating the number of lines of defensive walls, fossas, gates, other elements. Many objects depicted on the plan were lost at a later time, so their identification, analysis of the planning structure are important to preserve information about them. Brief characteristics are given for such objects. The peculiarity of Doetsch's map is that the plan of the High Castle which is presented twice on the sheet. The image of the inventory plan of the ruins of the High Castle is placed in a separate vignette in the lower left corner of the map. This image is a unique material that accurately conveys the nature of the fortifications of the complex and indicates its real state in the second half of the XVIII century. This plan of the castle made in a more detailed scale than the map. Another image of the High Castle, painted directly "in situ" on the mountain, does not show the correct configuration and planimetric structure of the object. We consider this image as a project of modernization of the castle fortifications, which was crossed out from an unknown source. Such special attention to the High Castle, a medieval defensive object, also, in our opinion, demonstrates the didactic purposes of compiling the map. The map as a whole accurately conveys the urban structure of Lviv in the second half of the eighteenth century and is a very valuable source for studying its history and architecture. Also valuable is the information with the list of the main objects of Lviv included in the vignette-explication of “Nomina Locorum” to the map, although there are some mistakes regarding the name and numbering of individual objects. The plans of a number of objects of Lviv from that time - St. George's Cathedral, St. John's Church near the High Castle, the Jesuit Garden, Armenian monasteries in the Krakow suburbs, some palace complexes that no longer exist today have a particular value. The question remains why Doetsch's plan does not depict two defensive bastion lines built around the Krakow and Halych suburbs in the 17th century: the so-called F. Getkant's line (from the 1630s) and Jan Berentz's defensive belt (from the 1670s). At the time of compiling the map, they still existed and were the dominant defense complexes in the panorama and landscape of the city. As a separate study, the analysis and identification of the location of the palace of the royal mayor A. Moszinsky on the basis of J. Doetsch's map was performed. We consider this a good example of using the informative potential of the map.

Increasingly pastor: Innovations in the research of biblical explanations and homiletics of St. Augustine

This contribution starts with a brief outline of Augustine’s life and then proceeds with the various ways by which his works have been named and set in order. Recent digital developments were key to the removal of apologetic and theological assumptions from the list of Augustine’s works: objective, alphabetical and chronological lists have become more mainstream. These digital technologies have also been put to good use to find unknown Augustinian texts hidden in old manuscripts. The same means can be deployed to check whether texts were really authored by him. This may certainly enhance our esteem of former Augustinian researchers for their achievements in this field. In particular, one may bring to the fore their retrieval of Augustine’s letters and sermons, both in times long past and in recent decades. The next part of this article continues by looking closer into the research of Augustine’s Bible exposition and homiletics. Special attention is given to the relationship between the sermons that are catalogued as sermones ad populum and related sermons from the expositions of all 150 Psalms over against those that cover the whole gospel of John. New discoveries also raise questions about the way Augustine’s many short sermons relate to his long homilies. These questions are a reason to reconsider the way Augustine’s sermons are constructed and structured. Finally, we outline how new digital techniques are of help to reinvestigate the sermons in the way he uses words and Scripture in order to show in more detail Augustine’s pastoral profile. This pastoral fine-tuning is illustrated with three examples.

To the discussion on the need to include election commissions in the list of objects of prosecutorial supervision

To the discussion on the need to include election commissions in the list of objects of prosecutorial supervision

2022.3.01ЗАХИСТ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ КРИТИЧНОЇ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ: АКТУАЛЬНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ШЛЯХИ ЇХ ВИРІШЕННЯ

Advantages of the modern digital world and development of information technologies stipulated appearance of new threats to national security in an information sphere. All more frequent by the objects of cyberattacs, amount and power of which grows constantly, the information resources of financial institutions, enterprises of transport and power engineering, public organs, which guarantee security, defense, safety in case of disasters. Therefore a research purpose is a search of solutions of issues of the day for protection of national critical information infrastructure. Methods. For implementation of research different materials were used and applied aggregate of scientific and specially-legal scientific methods: dialectical method, system’s method and the analysis of content, method of induction and deduction, formal law method and others. These methods were select taking into account a select purpose and tasks of research. Results. The actual state of the legal adjusting of protection of critical information infrastructure of Ukraine is reflected In the article. The reference list of objects of domestic critical informative infrastructure, which require defence, is offered, for the use in scientific researches and practice. Actual threats are marked to safety of critical informative infrastructure, certain in the documents of strategic level and additionally specified on results the analysis of the materials of practice of counteraction to such threats. Such threats acquire fundamentally a new value in the conditions of conduct of Russian Federation of hybrid war against Ukraine and have tendencies to strengthening of them negative influence on the state of national security in it’s different spheres. Safety and security of objects of critical informative infrastructure from such threats are certain in Ukraine at conceptual level one of base elements of the national system of firmness. Modern problem aspects and necessities of defence of objects of critical informative infrastructure are outlined, offered paths of their decision taking into account Ukrainian and world experience, in thereby legislative, organizational, technical, regime, reconnaissance, counterespionage and investigation. Conclusions. For Ukraine characteristic are lacks of the legal adjusting of functioning and defence of national critical informative infrastructure, imperfection of public policy in the sphere of her defence in the conditions of high risk of feasance of diversions and terrorist and cyberattacs on her objects. Therefore for organization of effective defence of ОCІІ of Ukraine it is necessary to complete the forming of legislative ground of this activity, form the national system of defence of such objects, enter only methodology of providing of them stable functioning. It is also expedient to provide introduction of international standards of activity, adjusting of state-private partnership and development of international cooperation.

СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПРОСТОРОВІ ВІДМІННОСТІ РОЗВИТКУ ІНКЛЮЗИВНОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ У ВЕЛИКОМУ МІСТІ

The concept of inclusiveness in urban development is not new. The contemporary interpretation of the term is associated with equal access of all social groups regardless of age, gender, health, wealth, etc., to full life activity as equal members of society. The inclusiveness of development itself is an indicator of measuring the city residents’ quality of life in the context of convenience, comfort, availability of services and space for citizens. It demonstrates the level of integration of all residents into the community. The article presents the results of the study of socio-spatial differences in the development of the inclusive infrastructure of a large city. The research is based on the data from observations and structured interviews conducted in January-March 2022 in the cities of Poltava and Kropyvnytskyi. The criteria for the selection of research sites were locations in the urban space in zones with different functions. A study of characteristic and typical (representative) parts was carried out according to the list of objects in each of the research areas in Poltava and Kropyvnytskyi. The mapping was used to visualise the functional content of the active floors of buildings and display the categories of their facades within the selected streets as urban public spaces. It was determined that Poltava is characterised by socio-spatial differences in the development of the inclusive infrastructure of pedestrian streets between the city centre, and industrial and new-build residential areas. An analysis of the functional content of the active floors of buildings was carried out and the categories of their facades on the pedestrian streets of Kropyvnytskyi were determined. Based on the results of the interviews with the residents of Poltava, the problems and priorities of the inclusive development of the large city were identified. The use of the obtained results for the elaboration of development strategies of the cities of Poltava and Kropyvnytskyi will allow taking into account the features of inclusive development and may contribute to considering the interests and needs of all categories of urban residents to eliminate spatial disparities in the social and economic development of cities.

Institutional approaches to the planning of sustainable use and protection of agricultural lands on the territory of individual land uses

The concepts of institutions and institutional approaches are studied. On the basis of institutional approaches to the planning of sustainable use and protection of agricultural lands of individual land uses, a system of institutes was formed, which include: the Institute of Land Management, the Institute of Land Monitoring, the Institute of the State Land Cadastre, the Institute of Local Self-Government, and the Institute of Local Traditions. The importance and effectiveness of these institutions, namely as systems and their relevance, are substantiated. The tools of these institutes, which allow for planning the sustainable use and protection of agricultural lands of individual land uses, as well as their implementation, have been analysed. The institute of land management and its tools, such as land management schemes and technical and economic justifications for the use and protection of lands of administrative territorial units, territories of territorial communities, and complex plans for the spatial development of the territory of the territorial community, are analysed in detail. The need to introduce a tool of land management regulations to expand the possibilities of the institute of land management in planning the use of territories located outside of settlements is justified. The importance of the institution of land monitoring is substantiated and the urgency of creating and implementing an automated land monitoring system is emphasized. The current state of the Institute of the State Land Cadastre was investigated and the expediency of expanding the list of objects of the State Land Cadastre by adding "agricultural land use" was substantiated. It was found that the significance of the institution of local self-government in the context of planning the sustainable use and protection of agricultural lands of individual land uses increases due to the expansion of the powers of local authorities in the process of decentralization of power. The need to take into account local agricultural traditions when planning the sustainable use and protection of agricultural lands of individual land uses has been confirmed.

Цифровой объект преступления

The study aims to analyze the transitional provisions of the digital era and their adaptation to the existing criminal law realities, to determine the signs of a digital object of crime and the main question of whether such digital objects are protected by the criminal law of the country. The transition of economic relations to electronic services and social networks was the reason for the transformation of crime from real to virtual and led to the emergence of the term “digital crimes” in the science of criminal law, which requires a conceptual justification of the concept of a digital object of crime, to which the author, in a highly specialized sense, refers social relations that develop upon the turnover of digital financial assets, virtual assets and cryptocurrencies. After digital technologies have turned into general-purpose technologies affecting all sectors of the economy and society, the usual criminal-legal approach to determining the object of encroachment has become unnecessarily blunt, since the criminal law contains a sufficiently large number of elements of crimes referring to various kinds of normative legal acts regulating virtual legal relations. At the same time, such legislation is vague and does not solve law enforcement issues. During the preparation of the article, formal-logical methods were mainly used for the analysis of socio-legal phenomena. The author draws attention to the fact that social realities require the defining of the boundaries of secure communication in the digital and information spheres, the subject and mechanisms of its legal support and protection. At the same time, the definition of the digital object of crime is justified in the context of classical theories of the object of crime, innovative trends, and actualization of the doctrine of criminal law. Based on the conducted research, the author comes to the conclusion that the axiology of the digital object of crime caused by public attitude to it obliges the state to consolidate it as a social value and put it among those protected by criminal law, including them in the list of objects of civil rights. The digital object of crime is socially significant values and benefits of subjects of virtual property relations that develop in the sphere of turnover of digital financial assets, virtual currency and cryptocurrencies, subject to criminal protection, which the guilty person encroaches on, wishing to cause damage to their owner. The concept of the digital object of crime proposed by the author in this regard is a timely and relevant solution to a number of problems of the qualification of digital crimes.

Welfare Theory: Social Impact Aspects of Digital Technologies

The review and analytical article examines the multidisciplinary concept of “well-being”, redefined from the standpoint of various fields of sociohumanitarian knowledge, as well as the basic theories of well-being. Within the framework of the philosophical approach, three modern groups of well-being theories are characterized: hedonistic, desire theories and objective list theories. In psychology, there are three groups of theories focused on the study of psychological well-being: developmental psychology, personality psychology and clinical psychology. In sociology, the directions of studying the social well-being of the object and the social well-being of the subject are highlighted. Attention is also focused on the actualization of the impact of digital technologies on the well-being of the population, with the allocation of three areas of expert assessments: relative optimism, predominant pessimism and balanced rationalism. The current discursive problems of the impact of digital technologies on human well-being and on the well-being of various social groups are identified. The ambiguity of the impact of the use of digital technologies is considered on the example of two least protected social groups: adolescent children trying to rebuild from their parental family and form their personal decision–making trajectories, and older people, often with the termination of employment, and almost always with a reduction in social ties, health and a decrease in the quality of life. It is noted that the situational use of digital technologies is more significant for hedonistic well -being (gaining pleasure) and to a lesser extent — for eudemonic (as prosperity) significant throughout life. Procedurally-indicates that in the future a low and excessive level of involvement in digital technologies leads to a decrease in the well-being of growing teenagers, and moderately active-to its growth.

A Painful End for Perfectionism?

This paper examines perfectionist attempts to explain the prudential badness of pain (its badness for those who experience it). It starts by considering simple perfectionist explanations, finding them wanting, before considering the most sophisticated perfectionist attempt to explain prudential badness: Gwen Bradford’s tripartite perfectionism. The paper argues that Bradford’s view, though an improvement on earlier perfectionist proposals, still does not satisfactorily explain the full set of prudentially bad pains. It ends by showing how this provides grounds for a general kind of pessimism about perfectionism and the badness of pain and how this case undermines a general purported advantage of perfectionism over the objective list theory.

Applicability and Performance of Standard Compression Methods for Efficient Data Transmission and Storage in Radar Networks

Modern sensor networks—those used for autonomous driving, security systems, human motion tracking, or smart city/smart factory applications—are shifting to a more centralized data processing approach to enable efficient multimodal sensor fusion for optimal environment perception in complex dynamic situations. Among lidars and cameras, radars are typical for these applications, but they generate huge amounts of data, which cannot be transmitted or stored effectively in current setups. Consequently, manufacturers usually have to process the data “on sensor.” This results in transmitting only a few extracted features as point clouds or object lists to a central processing unit, which usually causes a significant loss of information. With this approach, advanced processing—such as enhancement of resolution by coherent combination of sensors or ghost target removal with advanced algorithms—is hardly possible. To overcome this, we suggest an alternative method by using signal-based compression with defined losses. The following topology will be proposed: the sensors encode raw data without prior radar-specific processing and after transmission, a central unit decodes and processes the radar data, thus benefiting from its more powerful heterogeneous processing system. We will analyze lossless compression algorithms with rate savings of about 30% to 65%, but the focus is on lossy compression algorithms that incorporate higher compression ratios by allowing negligible errors. It is shown that state-of-the-art multimedia compression algorithms can obtain rate savings of 99%, and radar specific algorithms can add a 50-fold gain on top, reaching 99.98%. To assess the distortions of compressed data, we then present different radar-specific evaluation metrics.

Penalties for economic crimes in the criminal laws of the UK and the USA

The subject of the presented research is the criminal law on punishment and other measures of criminal law applied in Great Britain and the United States to persons who have been found guilty of committing economic crimes. Purpose of the study: to present scientifically grounded proposals on the advisability of including in the Russian criminal law certain measures of criminal law that are applied to persons convicted of economic crimes, as an effective means of preventing white-collar crime. List of methods and objects of research. In the course of the research, dialectical, comparative-legal, formal-logical, as well as other methods of cognition used in theoretical and legal research were used in aggregate. Conclusions of the study: in the UK and the US, the practice of attracting persons convicted of many economic crimes is characterized by a high degree of severity. Punishments and other measures of criminal law, as a rule, involve the imposition of imprisonment for long periods. In addition, the perpetrator is subject to penalties aimed at the seizure of illegally obtained material values, as well as compensation for harm caused to the victim as a result of criminal activity. Such methods of combating economic crime have a high effect of private prevention of the commission of new crimes. But a significant number of people held in places of deprivation of liberty has an extremely negative effect on the financial and other interests of the state. Therefore, the Russian policy of humanizing criminal responsibility is seen as more promising in terms of countering modern economic crime. At the same time, the rule on the application of property-related punishments should be considered as a priority in the fight against economic crimes.

Preservation, enrichment and use of the collection fund of energy and aromatic plants of M. M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of NAS of Ukraine as a scientific object that is a national treasure

Intr0ducti0n. Because plants are an important factor in the existence of the biosphere and life on Earth, plant resources are an invaluable asset that requires comprehensive study, conservation and rational use in the context of global climate change. Matcrials and mcth0ds. The subject of research was the collection of spice, essential, medicinal, energy, oilseeds, sugar plants. The object of the study was the process of introduction, selection, conservation and enrichment of genetic resources of energy and aromatic plants. Methods of introduction, acclimatization, adaptation, selection, biotech- nology are used. Physiological, biochemical, allelopathic, and ecological methods were also used. Rcsults and discus- si0n. For many years of introduction and selection work in the department of cultural flora of NBG collected valuable gene pool of useful plants (about 2000 taxa) part of which, namely “Collection Fund of Energy and Aromatic Plants of the National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine ” (over 1500 samples) is included in the List of scientific objects that make up the National Heritage.The structure and features of the scientific object (systematic, morphological-biological, botanical-geographical, ecological) are comprehensively studied and the social and economic significance of the respective groups of useful plants is assessed. About 100 varieties have been created by various selection and genetic methods, which are recommended for growing in all agro-climatic zones of Ukraine. For the first time, about 50 new highly productive economically valuable crops from the collection fund have been introduced into the State Reg- ister of Plant Varieties of Ukraine. Based on the use of the collection fund, about 50 promising phytotechnologies for the production of biofuels, food products and phytomedicines have been developed. For the first time in Ukraine more than 40 Methods of examination of varieties of new energy and aromatic crops for difference, homogeneity and stability have been developed. C0nclusi0ns. As a result of many years of introductory and selection-genetic work in the department of cultural flora of the NBG, the “Collection Fund of Energy and Aromatic Plants” was created — as a scientific object that is a National Heritage. Important scientific and practical results on the preservation, enrichment and use of the collection have been obtained.

Differentiation of criminal liability depending on the signs of the subject of the composition of a transport crime

Subject of research: signs of the subject of the offenses under Art. 264 and 2641 of the Criminal Code of Russia (hereinafter the Criminal Code).
 Purpose of the study: formulation of proposals on the content of the category "subject of traffic crimes", depending on which a qualitative differentiation of responsibility for crimes involving the use of motor vehicles is ensured.
 List of methods and objects of research. To obtain the results of the research, the methods of cognition used in the humanities (legal) sciences were used. The method of content analysis was used in the study of the content of Art. 264, 2641, 109 and 118 of the Criminal Code, as well as Resolutions of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of December 9, 2008 No. 25. The dialectical method was used in the study of opinions on the qualification of some transport crimes. Logical and systemic-structural methods were applied in the study of the typical degree of social danger of the criminal's personality.
 Conclusions based on the results of the study: 1) the subject of the offenses under Art. 264 and 2641 CC is special. It is determined on the basis of the existence of an official right to drive a vehicle and the corresponding obligation to comply with the relevant safety rules; 2) the instructor possesses the characteristics of a subject of corpus delicti of transport crimes in cases when he had a real opportunity to drive a training vehicle and (or) exercised direct control of it together with the student.

The distribution of economic rights to intellectual property rights objects, created in higher education institutions of Ukraine on order

Keywords: the distribution of economic rights; economic intellectual property rights; intellectualproperty rights objects, created on order; higher education institutions; intellectualproperty rights of higher education institutions; intellectual property rights objects;agreements for the creation on order and the use of intellectual property rights objects
 The article investigates the procedure for the distribution of economic rights to IPR objects,created in higher education institutions of Ukraine on order. In the course of researchgeneral requirements of the current legislation of Ukraine concerning possiblevariants of distribution of economic rights to IPR objects, created on order, have been defined.Based on this analysis it has been found that the legislator departed from the previouslyexisting unified approach to the distribution of economic rights to IPR objects,created on order, therefore, there are currently several legally enshrined approaches tothe distribution of economic rights to such objects. At the same time, the choice of one oranother option will depend on the type of the IPR object, created on order (work or anotherIPR objects), and in some cases from the purpose of its creation (has been createdspecifically as a piece of software or not).In addition, the author discovered the existence of a legal conflict between the provisionsof Part. 4 Art. 440 and Art. 1112 of the Civil Code of Ukraine, Part 6 of Art. 33 ofthe Law of Ukraine «On Copyright and Related Rights» regarding the approach to thedistribution of economic rights, in particular, to works, created on order (except for worksof visual art). Also, it has been established that Art. 430 and Art. 1112 of the Civil Codeof Ukraine contain a different approach to determining the list of IPR objects, that can becreated on order.The article also disclosed the consequences of the existence of these inconsistencies forthe law enforcement practice, including for resolving the issue of choosing an appropriateform of agreement for the settlement of legal relations regarding the creation of IPR objects,other than a work, which are included in the concept of "an object, created on order"today. The fundamental importance of solving this issue for the educational sphere hasbeen revealed.Based on the results of the study, a general vision of possible options for the distributionof economic rights to IPR objects, created in higher education institutions of Ukraineon order, has been outlined. Also, suggestions to improve the legislation of Ukraine havebeen made.

Detection and tracking of weakly emitting point objects based on the analysis of a sequence of miniseries of images

This paper discusses the problem of detecting and tracking moving, weakly emitting point objects. It is proposed to solve it by using a sequential two-stage method of processing miniseries of images (frames) obtained by an optoelectronic system. The proposed method includes an original procedure of interframe processing of miniseries of images, a feature of which is to operate with two lists of objects: the main list and an intermediate (buffer) list. The indicated lists are updated after each miniseries of images is processed. The buffer list of objects in this case plays a subsidiary role and is used to filter out (eliminate) the false signals that appear during frame processing of the images. The use of the proposed interframe processing procedure makes it possible to work with low-SNR images, and this is regarded as a substantial advantage of the well-known track-before-detect method. Statistical experiments using miniseries of model frames confirm that the proposed method is workable.

Behavioral Responses of Households to Tax Reforms

Over the past 10 years, significant reforms have taken place in the Russian tax area. Households are under the influence caused by the following changes: the rules for property and land tax recalculating according to the cadastre data including summer cottages and garages in the list of taxable objects, the transport tax on luxury cars, and the introduction of a progressive personal income tax scale. Accordingly, the purpose of this article is to examine the response of households to changes in tax policy and to interpret this response using behavioral approach. The key hypothesis of the study is that households demonstrate varying degrees of reaction to any changes in tax legislation. Likewise, in the context of the deteriorating fiscal environment, households seek to optimize the tax burden. The authors analyzed the theoretical and methodological basis of this topic, which allowed the authors to propose improvements in methods of studying households. The study was conducted on the basis of data on payments of taxes by the Russian households. The authors revealed the features of the relationship of tax payments and different economic indicators. It is established by the Pearson correlation coefficient that there are varying degrees of households' reaction to changes in tax legislation, and households' responses are not uneven for all types of taxes. Authors also calculated the coefficient of elasticity of tax payments depending on various factors. The approach given in the article is needed for a more complete understanding of how effects of tax changes to households may be used to create effective techniques and measures in tax policy. This study makes unique contributions to further researches in the area, which will lead to the introduction of new mechanisms for state programs in tax area and forecast their implementation for the medium- and long-terms.

One of Everything: The Breakthrough Listen Exotica Catalog

Abstract We present Breakthrough Listen’s Exotica Catalog as the centerpiece of our efforts to expand the diversity of targets surveyed in the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI). As motivation, we introduce the concept of survey breadth, the diversity of objects observed during a program. Several reasons for pursuing a broad program are given, including increasing the chance of a positive result in SETI, commensal astrophysics, and characterizing systematics. The Exotica Catalog is a 963 entry collection of 816 distinct targets intended to include “one of everything” in astronomy. It contains four samples: the Prototype sample, with an archetype of every known major type of nontransient celestial object; the Superlative sample of objects, with the most extreme properties; the Anomaly sample of enigmatic targets that are in some way unexplained; and the Control sample, with sources not expected to produce positive results. As far as we are aware, this is the first object list in recent times with the purpose of spanning the breadth of astrophysics. We share it with the community in hopes that it can guide treasury surveys and as a general reference work. Accompanying the catalog is an extensive discussion of the classification of objects and a new classification system for anomalies. Extensive notes on the objects in the catalog are available online. We discuss how we intend to proceed with observations in the catalog, contrast it with our extant Exotica efforts, and suggest how similar tactics may be applied to other programs.

PETROPHYTIC VEGETATION OF THE DONETS RIDGE

Unique plant habitats are described for the petrophytic communities of the Donets ridge. A scientific basis for the conservation of zonal steppe vegetation and its petrophytic variants is proposed using a number of the characteristic petrophytic communities of Donets ridge as examples. Several criteria of conservation importance are proposed to evaluate the reasons for including the natural territories in the list of protected objects. Recommendations for improving the protection of the steppe petrophyte vegetation of the Donetsk ridge are given. Proposals for creating an ecological network within the studied area have been formulated.

THEORETICAL BASIS FOR FORMING ACCOUNTING AND ANALYTICAL SUPPORT FOR LIQUIDITY RISK MANAGEMENT AND PAYMENT CAPACITY OF THE ENTERPRISE

The article substantiates the need to form accounting and analytical support for liquidity and solvency risk management of the enterprise, which is associated with a high degree of variability of external and internal factors, deteriorating financial condition of domestic enterprises. The key task of accounting and analytical support is to form an information base on the existing and potential risks of the enterprise, aimed at justifying management decisions, removing uncertainty in the process of their preparation and adoption. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical foundations of the formation of accounting and analytical support for liquidity risk management and solvency of the enterprise. According to the results of critical analysis of the interpretations of the concepts "risk", "liquidity risk" and "accounting and analytical support" in the scientific economic literature, a number of approaches to understanding their economic essence are identified, their key features and content are revealed. The author's definition of "accounting and analytical support" is proposed, which means a set of processes for collecting, processing, accumulating and transmitting reliable and relevant information about existing and potential risks of the enterprise, based on accounting, analysis and control data and serves as an information base for preparation and management decisions. The existing classifications of risks are generalized and systematized, their main advantages and disadvantages are identified, which allows to simplify the process of their identification, analysis and assessment. It is proved that the most dangerous for the company are internal financial risks, in particular, risks of liquidity and solvency (financial stability). The place of accounting and analytical support in the risk management system of the enterprise is determined. The main goal is formulated, the range of tasks is revealed, the list of subjects and objects of enterprise risk management. The main functions, principles and methods of enterprise risk management are described. It is argued that the leading role in the system of enterprise risk management functions belongs to accounting, analysis and control.