List Of Items Research Articles

A simplified measure of burnout symptoms among paramedics - an exploratory analysis of a Hungarian sample

BackgroundBurnout is still one of the leading mental health problems. According to research results over the past decades, healthcare workers, including paramedics, are considered a high-risk group. In concordance with these results, the available resources need to prioritize monitoring paramedics’ mental health.MethodsIn our study, we investigated whether the available test batteries measuring burnout could be reduced while maintaining their effectiveness. We reduced the 21-item Burnout Measurement and the 8-item version of the Psychosomatic Symptom Scale using the data of 727 Hungarian paramedics. We selected the top four items of the questionnaires that were significantly correlated with the original Burnout Measure Index and the Psychosomatic Scale Index. The classification efficiency of the shortened list of items was based on the initial risk categories of the Burnout Measure and its sensitivity was analyzed using Binary Logistic regression and ROC curves. We then used Two-Step Cluster Analysis to test the ability of the shortened Burnout Measure Index to develop new risk categories. The reliability indicators were also explored.ResultsThe results show that the Burnout Measurement can be reduced to 4 items with a classification efficiency of 93.5% in determining the level of burnout. The 5-item reduction of the Psychosomatic Symptom Scale can classify subjects to the appropriate intervention level for burnout with an efficiency of 81.6%. The ROC analysis suggests that the shortened questionnaires have an excellent separative ability to discriminate between the initial risk groups. Three new risk categories were also identified as a result of the cluster analysis.ConclusionThe shortened scales may be proven effective in resource management, which could significantly quicken the assessment of burnout in the future. The abbreviated scale is also suitable for classifying subjects into risk categories. However, further research is needed to see whether the shortened scales can be used as a diagnostic tool.

Retrieving effectively from source memory: Evidence for differentiation and local matching processes

The ability to distinguish between different explanations of human memory abilities continues to be the subject of many ongoing theoretical debates. These debates attempt to account for a growing corpus of empirical phenomena in item-memory judgments, which include the list strength effect, the strength-based mirror effect, and output interference. One of the main theoretical contenders is the Retrieving Effectively from Memory (REM) model. We show that REM, in its current form, has difficulties in accounting for source-memory judgments – a situation that calls for its revision. We propose an extended REM model that assumes a local-matching process for source judgments alongside source differentiation. We report a first evaluation of this model’s predictions using three experiments in which we manipulated the relative source-memory strength of different lists of items. Analogous to item-memory judgments, we observed a null list strength effect and a strength-based mirror effect in the case of source memory. In a second evaluation, which relied on a novel experiment alongside two previously published datasets, we evaluated the model’s predictions regarding the manifestation of output interference in item and lack of it in source memory judgments. Our results showed output interference severely affecting the accuracy of item-memory judgments but having a null or negligible impact when it comes to source-memory judgments. Altogether, these results support REM’s core notion of differentiation (for both item and source information) as well as the concept of local matching proposed by the present extension.

МЕТОДИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ЕШЕЛОНУВАННЯ ПРЕДМЕТІВ РЕЧОВОГО ТА ПРОДОВОЛЬЧОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ У СКЛАДІ КОМПЛЕКСУ БОЙОВОГО ЕКІПІРУВАННЯ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ГВАРДІЇ УКРАЇНИ

The article is devoted to the analysis of the methodological provisions underlying the distribution of items of material and food support as part of the combat equipment complex of a serviceman of the National Guard of Ukraine by echelons. The main factors, indicators and criteria affecting the list of necessary items of clothing and food supply and their echeloning are determined. When performing specific assigned tasks, there is no need for servicemen to carry all the items of clothing specified in the supply standards, because the nature of the tasks, the conditions of their per-formance, the situation, the duration of stay and other parameters usually do not require the entire list of items. In addition, a number of items are seasonal items. The need to have food on hand is also de-termined by the nature, duration and conditions of the tasks to be performed. At the same time, both the lack of necessary items of clothing and food supply and excessive items will lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of the actions of a serviceman, may negatively affect his combat capability, endur-ance, health, and level of protection. It is shown that the task of echeloning the combat equipment complex (by elements of clothing and food supply) of a serviceman of the National Guard of Ukraine, depending on the nature of service and combat (combat) tasks, should be solved in two stages. At the first stage, it is necessary to form a list of items of material property and establish the need to have a set of food (elements of material and food supply) necessary for the period of performance of the as-signed service-combat (combat) task. The second stage is to distribute the items (elements) of clothing and food supply from the list of necessary items by echelons. It is advisable to distribute the necessary items of clothing and food to the servicemen of the Na-tional Guard of Ukraine in four echelons, which corresponds to the peculiarities of the service and combat (combat) tasks assigned to military units. The echelons are formed in accordance with the needs of servicemen for items of clothing and food sets in relation to the time of the task.

Does semantic similarity affect immediate memory for order? Usually not, but sometimes it does.

Recall performance in working memory (WM) is strongly affected by the similarity between items. When asked to encode and recall list of items in their serial order, people confuse more often the position of similar compared to dissimilar items. Models of WM explain this deleterious effect of similarity through a problem of discriminability between WM representations. In contrast, when lists of items that are all semantically similar are compared to lists of dissimilar items, semantic similarity does not negatively impact order memory, questioning the idea that semantic information is part of the WM content. This study reports four experiments in which semantic similarity was manipulated using lists composed of multiple semantic categories. These experiments revealed two main patterns. First, semantic similarity can increase, rather than decrease, order memory. Second, semantic knowledge reliably constrains the way items migrate; when migrating, items tend to do so more often toward the position of other similar items, rather than migrating toward other dissimilar items. These results challenge the way current models of WM represent similarity. The plausibility of different theoretical accounts and mechanisms is discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

A Feature-Space Theory of the Production Effect in Recognition.

Mathematical models explaining production effects assume that production leads to the encoding of additional features, such as phonological ones. This improves memory with a combination of encoding strength and feature distinctiveness, implementing aspects of propositional theories. However, it is not clear why production differs from other manipulations such as study time and spaced repetition, which are also thought to influence strength. Here we extend attentional subsetting theory and propose an explanation based on the dimensionality of feature spaces. Specifically, we suggest phonological features are drawn from a compact feature space. Deeper features are sparsely subselected from a larger subspace. Algebraic and numerical solutions shed light on several findings, including the dependency of production effects on how other list items are encoded (differing from other strength factors) and the production advantage even for homophones. This places production within a continuum of strength-like manipulations that differ in terms of the feature subspaces they operate upon and leads to novel predictions based on direct manipulations of feature-space properties.

Risk assessment of Iran development programs of oil and gas fields: setting up the top-ten list of IDPOGF risk items

Risk assessment of Iran development programs of oil and gas fields: setting up the top-ten list of IDPOGF risk items

Risk Assessment of Iran Development Programs of Oil and Gas Fields (IDPOGF): Setting up the Top-Ten List of IDPOGF Risk Items

Risk Assessment of Iran Development Programs of Oil and Gas Fields (IDPOGF): Setting up the Top-Ten List of IDPOGF Risk Items

Characterisation of complementary feeding practice and locally available climate-resilient crops for complementary food among agro-pastoralists of Ethiopia: a qualitative study.

The current study aims to characterise the complementary feeding practice and identify locally available climate-resilient crops that can be used for complementary feeding among agro-pastoralists in Ethiopia. A phenomenological study in Benna-Tsemay district, comprising focused group discussions, key informant interviews, and household observations, was conducted. A pretested guide was used to capture information regarding types of complementary food, lists of food items, and ingredients included in their complementary formulation. A thematic analysis for emerging points of discussion was carried out. Three major themes, including infant and young child feeding practices, food items included in complementary food, and their consumption frequencies, as well as the incorporation of climate-resilient crops into complementary foods as coping mechanisms, emerged. Breastfeeding was common and regarded as essential. Gruel and porridge from grains, roots, and tubers were regular parts of complementary foods in the study area. Moringa and sorghum were dominantly identified as climate-resilient crops regularly grown and used in complementary foods. Growing these crops was regarded as a coping strategy for drought and seasonal constraints. The district is one of the most drought-prone areas in Ethiopia, compromising the quality of complementary food. Unlike the World Health Organization recommendation, the grains, roots, and tubers-based diet formed the basis of complementary food lacking flesh foods, eggs, pulses, and other fruits and vegetables. Thus, it is recommended to improve complementary food quality through value-addition using locally accessible crops.

ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРИОРИТЕТЫ БЮДЖЕТНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ МЕНЯЮЩЕГОСЯ МЕСТА РОССИИ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ МИРЕ

The article examines statistical data on the volumes of revenues and expenditures of the federal budget of the Russian Federation, as well as expenditures on national defense, national secu-rity and social policy for 2023-2026. A conclusion is made about the stability of budgetary resource spending. An analysis of changes in tax legislation from 2025, the implementation of which determines the implementation of budget policy in Russia, is carried out. The main innovations boil down to an increase in tax rates and an expansion of the list of taxable items. This will increase tax collection and the revenue side of the budget. An analysis of budget expenditures for the implementation of state pro-grams in the considered priority areas of activity of the Russian Federation showed that quite large vol-umes of budget financing are allocated for these purposes. The level and dynamics of the allocation of financial support are different. There will be no significant decrease or increase in the volume of budget financing in the next two-year period for all analyzed state programs. This is a positive moment, indicating the stability of the budget policy in the Russian Federation. The negative aspects include the potential existence of a situation in which a significant increase in budget expenditures is possible, their significant redistribution across industries and areas of activity, and a reduction in budget financing for a number of expenditure items. These are objective reasons that are currently associated with great difficulties in forecasting the development of events. The paper examines the regulatory framework concerning the pri-orities of budget policy in the medium term. The main areas include increasing the openness of budget procedures, the level of tax collection, the quality of tax administration, developing the institute of "pref-erential taxation", focusing on the most complete long-term forecasting and budget planning, optimizing budget financing with maximum focus on "goals-costs-results", focusing on the development of scientific research, radio-electronic, machine-tool industries, expanding the possibilities for using information technologies in the budget sector and strengthening control over the expenditure of budget financing.

Improving Memory Search Through Model-Based Cue Selection.

We often use cues from our environment when we get stuck searching our memories, but prior research has failed to show benefits of cuing with other, randomly selected list items during memory search. What accounts for this discrepancy? We proposed that cues' content critically determines their effectiveness and sought to select the right cues by building a computational model of how cues affect memory search. Participants (N = 195 young adults from the United States) recalled significantly more items when receiving our model's best (vs. worst) cue. Our model provides an account of why some cues better aid recall: Effective cues activate contexts most similar to the remaining items' contexts, facilitating recall in an unsearched area of memory. We discuss our contributions in relation to prominent theories about the effect of external cues.

Campus Lost: Connect and Recover

The Campus Lost and Found web application aims to address the inefficiencies of traditional lost and found systems in college settings. By providing a centralized platform for reporting and retrieving lost items, this application enhances user convenience and promotes a sense of community. Key features include user authentication, detailed item listings, and robust security measures to prevent misuse. This paper discusses the rationale, design, implementation, and benefits of the application, emphasizing its role in creating a connected and secure campus environment.

Modified consistency dysphagia diet protocol for Pakistan: Development perspective

Background: Increased in life expectancy has led to the increased need for texture-modified foods for dysphagia patients, to maintain their nutrition status. At present clinical practices in Pakistan are marred with no standard diet protocols resulting in misunderstanding in recommended consistencies of both food and fluid, hence compromising patients’ safety, necessitating the work of dysphagia diet protocol. Objectives: To develop a dysphagia diet consistency protocol for Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive study recruited 16 Speech-Language Pathologists and dieticians from Rawalpindi & Islamabad using convenient sampling from October 2018 to March 2019. The sample included SLPs and dieticians working for at least 1 year with dysphagia patients. To ensure the process of standardization list of food and fluids was generated by the professionals to analyze the various food textures with the help of a viscometer that contributed to labeling and defining the textures. With the help of the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative Flow Test, Fork Drip Test, Spoon tilt test, Fork Pressure Test, Spoon Pressure Test, and Finger Test, a list of food and fluid items categorized into 8 levels which help the management of dysphagia patients in clinical practice. Results: The current study developed a dysphagia diet protocol and categorized 29 foods and fluids as per the IDDSI framework. 10 items were placed in level 0 (Thin). 2 items were placed in level 1 (slightly thick). 2 items were placed in 2 (mildly thick) 1 item was placed at level 3. Level 4 included 2 items. Level 5 included 3 items. Level 6 included 4 items and Level 7 included 6 regular daily food items. Conclusion: The study successfully developed a standardized dysphagia diet consistency protocol consisting of 29 commonly readily available and popular foods consumed by Pakistanis and placed these items under 8 levels of the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI) recommendations. Keywords: Dysphagia; food consistency; IDDSI; swallowing disorders; texture modification.

Online Rentals Things

This project aims to “Online Rental Things" is a comprehensive platform designed to revolutionize the way people access and share various items and resources. In today's fast-paced world, the concept of ownership is evolving, and this project addresses that shift by providing a convenient and efficient solution for renting items ranging from tools and equipment to electronics and recreational gear. The platform offers a user-friendly website and mobile app, enabling users to easily list items they have available for rent or browse and rent items they need for short-term use. It incorporates robust features, including secure payment processing, user reviews, and a reliable rating system to build trust among the community of users. "Online Rental Things" not only promotes resource sharing and sustainability but also fosters a sense of community by connecting people with shared needs and interests. This project aims to simplify the rental process, reduce waste, and empower individuals to make the most of their belongings while reducing the overall environmental impact. With the potential to disrupt traditional consumption patterns and promote the sharing economy, "Online Rental Things" offers a forward-looking solution to modern living, where access to items is prioritized over ownership, promoting economic efficiency and environmental consciousness. Online rental platforms are expanding choice and convenience, allowing customers to rent from a wide array of providers with the click of a button or tap of a finger. The business of online rental is undergoing rapid change as new online platforms race to capture markets and customers across most of the metropolitan cities in India. The paper aims to investigate attributes for online rental platforms by proposing and empirically testing platform attributes-conversion model, examine how platform characteristics influence the renting decision of a consumer and how it subsequently lead to conversion. A mix method design was adopted for the study and a pilot study comprising of 341 respondents was carried out. The study focuses on six key attributes - occupational mobility, psychological ownership, complementary services, social gratification, perceived value, and customization, while identifying the most important attributes for renting online

Creating a patient reported outcome measure for medication-related quality of life: a concept mapping brainstorming study in Ontario, Canada

Introduction: Persons with mobility limitations generally take multiple medications to manage their conditions; however, healthcare providers across different settings do not currently have a way to measure the impact that medication taking has on patients’ quality of life (QoL). Current tools are limited, narrowly focused on few QoL domains and none focus on persons with mobility limitations. 
 Target Audience: The target audience for our study findings are healthcare providers working with individuals with mobility limitations across different healthcare settings. 
 Who was involved: This study included patient and caregiver partners. They were involved in the grant application, study participant recruitment, data collection, and final data analysis. This study also involved healthcare providers who supported participant recruitment and will be knowledge users, including pharmacists, physicians, and physical therapists. 
 Aims and Methods: The aim of this study was to identify a list of potential items for the creation of a patient reported outcome measure (PROM) from the perspectives of individuals with mobility limitations who take medications. We used a mixed methods concept mapping approach to gather perspectives from across Canada. Here, we report on the results of the qualitative brainstorming phase of the study. Participants created a list of statements reflecting what matters to them about their medications in their everyday life. The statements were de-duplicated and condensed, following which, they were thematically analyzed and mapped onto common quality of life domains. 
 Results: Twenty-two persons with mobility limitations across Canada participated in this study. Six hundred and ninety-four statements were condensed into 80 final statements. The final statements mapped onto common quality of life domains (physical health; mental health; employment/social/leisure activities; daily activities; interactions with providers; navigating the healthcare system; autonomy and decision-making; financial health) indicating a comprehensive list of items for the creation of the PROM. In addition, we identified some mobility limitation specific concepts relating to barriers to physically accessing medications and necessary testing, and to perceived health plan or policy restrictions.
 Learnings for the international audience: Results from this study emphasized the importance of including patient autonomy, decision-making and financial concerns, which are often excluded from other measures related to medication taking and QoL. Additionally, we identified other topics that matter to individuals such as impact on lifestyle activities, patient self-management, ease of access to medications and necessary testing, as well as financial challenges associated with medication taking. 
 Next Steps: The next phases of concept mapping will be conducted, which will identify statements that are important and realistic to individuals with mobility limitations and a final conceptual mapping session. Statements that are rated highly on both scales will inform the development of items for the PROM, which will be validated in future work. In developing and validating a PROM for medication-related QoL, we aim to provide clinicians with an invaluable tool to enhance and monitor clinical care and patient outcomes. We envision this PROM might be used to inform overall medication management.

Neurophysiology of creativity in conditions of competitive social interaction: data of EEG hyperscanning study

Brain activity changes significantly across various social interaction conditions. However, the impact of social interaction context on neurophysiological correlates of cognitive and creative activity per se remains insufficiently explored [1]. Two distinct types of interactions can be identified when it comes to resolving tasks: cooperation or competition. The aim of this study was to evaluate how competition conditions affect the amplitudes of event-related potentials (ERP) when solving creative and non-creative problems. Subjects (26 men and 18 women) performed two types of tasks both individually and in pairs of the same gender. The tasks consisted of creative and non-creative activities. In the creative tasks, participants were asked to describe unusual uses of everyday objects, such as a brick, newspaper, or paper clip. In the non-creative tasks, participants were requested to list items from various proposed categories, such as transport, furniture, or sports. A total of over one hundred samples of each type were provided for both individual and joint performance. The order of task performance, whether individual or joint, was randomized between pairs of participants. When tasks were performed in pairs, the first responding participant’s answer created competitive conditions and was considered the first response. During the tasks, we recorded EEG/ERP data synchronously using a Mitsar-202 electroencephalograph (LLC Mitsar, St. Petersburg) and the WinEEG software package (Ponomarev V.A., Kropotov Yu.D., No. State Registration 2001610516 dated 08.05.2001). The recording was monopolar from 15 leads with a referent — combined ear electrode. We modified the 10/20 system with a sampling rate of 500 Hz, and a recording band of 0.53–150 Hz. We analyzed the data using a band of 1.6–30 Hz and a 50 Hz cutoff filter. ERPs for each task (creative or non-creative) were compared between the competition and individual performance conditions by conducting a repeated-measures ANOVA for the STATE factor (individual performance/competition conditions) and STATExZONE factor interaction (15 EEG leads) in the selected time intervals showing differences. Competition conditions resulted in decreased amplitudes of both sensory components, P1 and P2, and semantic components with N400 and P600 latency in both creative and non-creative activities. This suggests the presence of difficulty in finding an answer. The proportion of correct responses was significantly lower in the competitive conditions than during individual task performance. The median correct response rate was 45% (31–55) compared to 56% (49–74) in the creative task, and 87% (82–93) compared to 66% (60–76) in the non-creative task, during competition and individual performance, respectively. Probably, a significant portion of the resources used when performing the task in social interaction conditions were aimed at evaluating the partner’s reactions and responses. This assessment was reflected in the reduction of earlier components associated with attention (P1, P2) as well as later components associated with semantic processing of stimuli (N400, P600). The conditions of the competition had a more noticeable impact on the ERP in the creative task as compared to the non-creative task.

Pembangunan Sistem Inventory Berbasis Website pada Toko Lancar Abadi

In this research. Researchers will take a problem still experienced by many entrepreneurs who are just starting or have been running for a long time. An inventory system sometimes it is often underestimated by entrepreneurs, In addition to functioning to see a list of stock items, The inventory system can also be used as a notification if the stock of an item will run out or less than the amount already determined, The researchers will analyze what kind of inventory system is in accordance by the needs of the lancar abadi store. The goal expected by the research is to be able to assist the store in managing data . The final result of this research is an inventory system can manage the data of lancar abadi

Using the delpha technique, to refined science lessons, activities, and local resources to create a science module for two female senior secondary students in Nigeria.

This article outlines how topics and related activities based upon elements related to interest and anxiety for Nigerian senior secondary school two (SS II) science textbooks were identified, which was part of greater study conducted which was aimed to ascertain the elements and contents connected to interest and anxiety in science learning of the Nigerian SS II science curriculum. First, an initial list of items, topics, activities, and local materials relevant to interest and anxiety was established. Second, using this list and a framework for relevancy and not relevancy of the elements, topics, connected activities, and local materials for SS II science Curriculum and School Textbooks were analysed. Third, based on this content analysis, a possible list of 40 different topics and their related activities for the inclusion of elements related to interest and anxiety was arranged. The list of the elements, topics related activities and local materials were refined by applying two-round Expert consensus which has been considered consistent in Delphi technique. The Expert’s consensus survey technique was employed to reach the level of consensus from specialists in the field of scientific education regarding the suitability of the items of the study (that is, aspects, subjects, related activities, and local materials in the SS II Nigerian science textbooks) that must be included. The results showed that of the element and 6 topics and related activities were 22 statements with options of “Yes” and “No” the higher percentages (%) of the experts responded “Yes” for round one. The results also indicated that of 24 statements for the suitability of the topics and related activities there are higher percentages (%) of “Yes”. This confirmed that the themes, related activities, and local community learning materials could be incorporated into the Science Education module for Nigerian SS II female students.

The impact of hostile abortion legislation on the United States maternal mortality crisis: a call for increased abortion education.

The growing restrictive abortion policies nationwide and the Supreme Court decision on Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization place increasing barriers to abortion access in the United States. These restrictions disproportionately affect low-income people of color, immigrants, and non-English speakers, and have the potential to exacerbate already existing racial inequities in maternal and neonatal outcomes. The United States is facing a Black maternal health crisis where Black birthing people are more than twice as likely to experience maternal mortality and severe maternal morbidity compared to White birthing people. Restrictions creating geographic, transportation, and financial barriers to obtaining an abortion can result in increased rates of maternal death and adverse outcomes across all groups but especially among Black birthing people. Restrictive abortion laws in certain states will decrease already limited training opportunities in abortion care for medical professionals, despite the existing abortion provider shortage. There is an immediate need for federal legislation codifying broad abortion care access into law and expanding access to abortion training across medical education. This commentary explores the impact of restrictive abortion laws on the Black maternal health crisis through multiple pathways in a logic model. By identifying current barriers to abortion education in medical school and residency, we created a list of action items to expand abortion education and access.

A coping self-insight scale for adults: development and preliminary psychometric properties

ABSTRACT Background Self-insights focused on the coping process are implicated in the refinement of capacities for resilience. To advance this research, we must identify key coping self-insights and develop a concise measurement tool. Objective The purpose of this paper is to develop evidence for the construct dimensionality and validity of a measure of coping self-insight. Methods Items measuring 13 coping self-insight dimensions were generated via consultation with theoretical work, subject matter experts, and pre-testing items for clarity. Thereafter, the dimensionality of items was assessed with undergraduate students (N = 232) and an online sample (N = 800) via exploratory and confirmatory analyses. Finally, a multi-trait, multi-method approach was used to test discriminant validity in a further sample of students (N = 228). Results The initial item list was reduced to five key dimensions that balanced data-driven and conceptual considerations. Confirmatory Factor Analysis revealed moderate-to-strong correlations (r = .47–.80) among dimensions. We also demonstrated evidence of internal reliability, convergent, criterion, and discriminant validity. Invariance tests for sub-groups of interest (e.g., sex, sample type) frequently demonstrated metric or scalar invariance, except for age sub-groups. Conclusions Findings offer a starting point regarding the types of coping self-insights important for the emergence of resilience and a validated tool for future research.

Software para recolección de evidencias digitales rápidas en sistemas Windows

In the field of Digital Forensics, there are numerous criteria to consider when determining which elements are relevant for obtaining useful information to clarify a case. During a search and seizure procedure, when there are numerous technological items that could be candidates for confiscation for in-depth analysis in the laboratory, it becomes necessary to discern which elements would be of interest, and which would not provide useful information. This is because the analysis times grow exponentially as more equipment and mass storage devices are added to the list of items to be seized. In this paper, we present an "on-site" application software for obtaining digital forensic evidence during search and seizure procedures, following the current protocol of action. This software will also be used as an "indicator" of the content of the equipment under analysis, allowing the acting expert to make decisions (such as whether to confiscate a specific piece of equipment or not) at the location where the procedure is being carried out.