Company Liquidity Research Articles

Analysis of the Effect of Return on Assets (ROA) and Current Ratio (CR), on Stock Prices with Earnings Per Share (EPS) as a Moderation Variable (On the Mining Sector on the IDX 2020- 2022)

In the investment world, investment decisions are important in determining future investment success. In capital market activities, stock prices are a very important factor and need to be considered by investors because stock prices show the performance of the issuer. One of them is a mining company in Indonesia. The stock price also shows the value of the company, with the higher the stock price of a company, the higher the value of the company and vice versa. Return On Assets (ROA) is a ratio of profitability that shows the result (return) on the total assets used in the Company. The current ratio (CR) is a liquidity ratio that compares the company's current assets with the company's current liabilities. Earnings per share (EPS) is an important indicator in fundamental stock analysis, which describes how much profit a company generates for each share owned by an investor. This study uses regression analysis which aims to determine the effect of variable performance, at least in terms of ROA, does not affect the value of the company's shares in the time period studied. The Current Ratio (CR) also does not affect the share price of mining companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2020–2022 period. This means that the company's liquidity level as measured by CR does not significantly affect the company's share price in the market. In the mining industry listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2020–2022 period, earnings per share (EPS) does not affect the effect of Return On Assets (ROA) on stock prices. In other words, a change in a company's EPS does not change how ROA affects its share price. Earning Per Share (EPS) is also not able to moderate the influence of the Current Ratio (CR) on share prices in the mining industry which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2020–2022 period. This means that a change in a company's EPS does not change the way CR affects the company's stock price.

An Exploratory Study on Compulsory Liquidation of a Company and its Liability

This research paper delves into the intricacies of company liquidation, focusing on the winding-up process as an essential legal mechanism to terminate a corporation's existence. The study addresses the objectives of understanding the causes of liquidation, the liabilities of companies during liquidation, and the powers of courts and tribunals in the process. The research scope primarily centers on India's legal framework, encompassing the Companies Act of 2013 and the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code of 2016. The paper finds that while insolvency is often perceived as the primary reason for liquidation, other factors contribute to the decision. Compulsory winding-up procedures are aimed at permanently closing businesses that are no longer viable, relieving directors of unmanageable debts, and preventing improper trade practices. The research highlights the roles of different adjudicating authorities and examines the differences between voluntary and compulsory winding-up modes. The study draws from existing literature and empirical research to substantiate its findings. The authors compare provisions under the Companies Act and the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code to showcase the evolution of winding-up regulations. They emphasize the importance of efficient liquidation procedures to address India's bad debt issues. In conclusion, the paper underscores that while insolvency is a significant factor, other circumstances lead to company liquidation. The legal reforms introduced by the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code have streamlined and expedited the winding-up process, ultimately aiming to facilitate the resolution of bad debts and improve the overall economic landscape. The authors suggest more prudent enforcement of penalties, the preference for voluntary winding-up when suitable, and continued emphasis on the efficiency of the new legal framework.

Substantiating the normative values of company's liquidity ratios: Evidence from the engineering, transport and logistics industries

Subject. The article addresses the normative values of financial indicators of the liquidity group that are formed as a result of financial and economic relations of the enterprise. Objectives. The aim is to calculate the normative values of financial indicators of the liquidity group for engineering, transport and logistics companies, using the hierarchical cluster analysis tool. Methods. The study draws on general scientific research methods. Results. We offered an algorithm to calculate the normative values of financial indicators, using the hierarchical cluster analysis; calculated the normative values of the quick liquidity ratio, current liquidity ratio, and absolute liquidity ratio for the branches of mechanical engineering, transport and logistics. Conclusions. The calculated financial indicators are applicable for the analysis of financial and economic activities of mechanical engineering, transport and logistics enterprises. The proposed algorithm based on the method of hierarchical cluster analysis can be used to calculate other financial indicators of enterprises operating in various industries.

Effect of accounting disclosure on returns of shares in the algerian stock exchange : application of var model

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between annual document disclosure and the stock liquidity for companies listed on the Algeria stock market. VAR model was used to examine the impact of the market efficiency on the stock prices of the companies from 2000 to 2015. The findings indicate that there was no significant effect related to the timing of publication of financial information over a period of study on stock returns in the days around the publication days of annual financial statements; Accounting disclosure also affects, directly or indirectly, the decisions of investors, as well as activating the stock market and increasing the movement of trading and stock prices with it The effect of disclosure becomes clear when the information is published late or inaccurate or excellent in its presentation and its failure to rely on agreed accounting principles and standards, or result in a negative impact on the behavior of the investor, This affects the degree of risk that he is willing to bear according to his circumstances. The timing of the financial information release depends on the basic environment in which Algerian institutions operate.

The Effect of Working Capital Management and Family Ownership on Profitability and Liquidity (Study of Family Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022)

This article aims to examine the impact of working capital management and family ownership on the profitability and liquidity of family-owned companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2022. The research utilizes a quantitative approach by analyzing financial data about working capital, family ownership, profitability, and company liquidity. The data used in the study is obtained from publicly available financial reports of family-owned companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Data collection is conducted through a thorough review of documentation. The research sample consists of active family-owned companies that possess complete data for analysis. Multiple linear regression is employed to assess the relationship between working capital management, family ownership, profitability, and company liquidity. The findings reveal that both working capital management and family ownership significantly influence the profitability and liquidity of family firms. These findings offer valuable insights for family firm management to enhance their financial performance. Effective management of working capital can contribute to improved profitability and liquidity, while family ownership also plays a crucial role in determining the financial performance of family-owned companies. Furthermore, in addition to its practical implications, this research contributes theoretically to the existing literature on working capital management and family ownership, specifically in the context of family-owned companies in Indonesia.

The Effect of Debt To Equity Ratio, Current Ratio, Return On Equity on the Company's Share Price PT.Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk

Stock prices in the capital market fluctuate which also causes ups and downs of investor interest to invest in the company. These rates vary from time to time depending on the performance of the Company. Stock prices rise when there is excess demand. However, stock prices also fall when there is excess demand. Therefore, the performance of a company affects the high share price of the company PT.Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk. The solvency ratio is a ratio that measures how much a company's assets are financed by debt. Part of the solvency ratio included in research material is the ratio of debt to equity. The debt to equity ratio shows how much the equity to debt ratio is used to capitalize the company's assets. The liquidity ratio is an asset that is used in a market that functions in such a way that, the result can be quickly converted into money at the current market price. The higher the current ratio, the better the company's liquidity. The profitability ratio is seen as the influence of the company's stock price as a percentage of return on equity (ROE). ROE measures the return received by company owners (shareholders) from any capital paid to the company in the form of dividends. The research data used is in the form of secondary data in the form of the financial statements of the company PT.Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk which have been published on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2015-2019. The sample for this study was 5 financial statements of the company PT.Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk using a sample determination technique, namely total sampling. The data analysis technique used analysis with the help of the SPSS 25 program. The results showed that the DER variable had a negative and insignificant effect on stock prices, the CR variable had a negative and insignificant effect on stock prices. And the ROE variable had a positive and significant effect on stock prices. the company's share price PT.Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk.

Trade credit supply and financial distress outcomes: evidence from Australian voluntary administrations

PurposeThe objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between trade credit supply and financial distress outcomes, considering the role that trade credit plays as a substantial source of liquidity for distressed companies. Specifically, it examines whether there is an association between trade credit supply and the outcomes experienced by companies that undergo the voluntary administration (VA) insolvency procedure under Australian corporate law.Design/methodology/approachThe study examines a sample of companies that were listed on the Australian Securities Exchange and entered VA between 2002 and 2019. Ordered logistic regression is used to determine the relation between trade credit and VA outcomes. The VA outcomes considered are as follows: (1) company liquidation, (2) orderly dissolution through an agreement with creditors, or (3) an agreement with creditors for reorganization of all or part of the company's business.FindingsThe findings show that trade creditors' willingness to supply credit is influenced by their rational expectations about the future prospects of financially distressed customers. Higher levels of trade credit and an increase in trade credit supply prior to VA are associated with a greater probability of achieving a reorganization versus a liquidation or dissolution outcome.Originality/valueThere is no apparent prior study investigating the connection between trade credit supply and outcomes for distressed companies entering insolvency administration. Therefore, this study provides novel evidence on the role of trade credit in the context of financial distress. Understanding the relationship between trade credit supply and outcomes is particularly significant considering that many jurisdictions offer distressed companies the opportunity to pursue reorganization under their insolvency laws. Examining financial distress and trade credit in the Australian creditor-friendly context expands on existing research. Prior research has predominantly relied on data from the United States, which has debtor-friendly bankruptcy law. Consequently, these studies may lack generalizability to jurisdictions with creditor-friendly law such as Australia.

Liquidity and Profitability of Retail Companies: Evidence from Indonesia

This study aims to examine effect of liquidity on profitability of publicly listed retail companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX). This study uses firm size and Working Capital Management (WCM) efficiency as control variables. The sample in this study consisted of 15 publicly listed retail companies in the period of 2014-2019. All variables are measured by a ratio scale. Profitability is proxied by return on assets. Data was analyzed with panel data regression using a fixed effect model. This study shows that liquidity has a positive and significant effect on profitability when measured using the current ratio. In addition, company size has a significant positive effect on profitability. A higher composition of current assets to current liability improves profitability. On the other hand, Cash Conversion Cycle (CCC) as a proxy of WCM efficiency has a significant negative correlation with profitability. This research findings contribute to understanding of the impact of liquidity, firm size and CCC on profitability in retail industry.

Does the Debt Ratio Mediate the Effect of Liquidity Ratio and Profitability Ratio on Stock Returns?: Empirical Evidence on Wholesale and Retail Trade Sub-Sector Companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange

This study aims to analyze the mediating effect of the debt ratio on the effect of liquidity and profitability on stock returns. Stock prices and returns are one unit, so that to estimate stock prices and returns can be seen from the company's financial performance, through financial ratios such as liquidity ratios, profitability ratios, and debt or leverage ratios. Companies with good financial performance are expected to have good stock performance. This study used a sample of 31 public companies in the wholesale and retail trade sub-sector which were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2016-2020 period. Sampling of this research was based on purposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique used is tiered linear regression, path analysis, and the Sobel test. The results of this study indicate that the significant liquidity ratio has a negative effect on the debt ratio and the liquidity ratio does not have a significant negative effect on stock returns. The profitability ratio has a significant positive effect on the debt ratio which confirms the trade-off theory. The profitability ratio has a significant positive effect on stock returns, while the debt ratio has a significant negative effect on stock returns. The debt ratio is not significant to mediate the positive negative effect of the liquidity ratio on stock returns. Likewise, the debt ratio is not significant mediating the negative positive effect of profitability ratios on stock returns. The results of this study suggest that investors who expect high stock returns do not need to pay attention to the company's debt ratio, but rather pay attention to the company's liquidity and profitability.

Analysis of the liquidity, solvency and profitability of the mining companies listed on the S&P/BVL Mining Index during the 2004–2020 period.

In several countries, mining contributes more than most sectors to economic growth. But the activity is marked by cyclical behaviour, including booms in the price of metals—such as that which occurred in the period 2004-2012. Therefore, it is important for investors to identify the financial performance of companies in the sector. This study aims to analyse the levels of liquidity, solvency, and profitability of Peruvian mining companies listed on the S&P/BVL Mining Index for the period 2004–2020, given the contribution of mining to GDP growth and employment in Peru. We utilise a quantitative approach, collecting data from the companies’ financial statements through Bloomberg. The research design is non-experimental, based on a descriptive, comparative, and longitudinal approach. For the statistical analysis, descriptive statistics tests and Student’s t-test were carried out. Analysis of the results reveal that the liquidity, solvency, and profitability of this group of companies exhibited a better performance during the metal-price boom period, with a marked decrease in the following period.

Kinerja keuangan sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19 perusahan subsektor Telekomunikasi

The spread of the Covid-19 pandemic had an impact on all community activities from the educational, health, and economic aspects. Restrictions on activities imposed by the governments of various countries have reduced the volume of sales and production of business companies which had an impact on the company's financial performance. The purpose of the research is to analyze how significant the difference is in the financial performance of telecommunications sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between before and during the covid-19 pandemic. This study uses the telecommunications subsector because, during the covid-19 pandemic, the industry has been considered to have a positive impact, but not all of them experienced positive financial growth. The measured financial performance includes profitability, liquidity, and solvency. The population consists of all telecommunications sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The number of samples in this study is 19 telecommunications sub-sector companies consecutively for the 2018-2021 with saturated sampling technique. This type of research is is a descriptive quantitative study using a paired sample t-test. The findings show that the company's profitability and solvency before and during the Covid-19 pandemic experienced significant decrease. However, the company's liquidity did not change significantly during that time

Pengaruh Leverage dan Likuiditas terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Pemoderasi Umur Perusahaan

This study aims to explore how leverage and liquidity affect the value of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2022. Firm age is also considered a moderating variable in the analysis, using a sample of 15 companies using SPSS 23.0 for quantitative data analysis. Secondary data were used which were obtained from annual reports taken from the respective company websites and the website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The research population consists of banking companies listed on the IDX in the 2018-2022 period. The results of the study found that leverage has a significant negative effect on firm value, while the liquidity ratio has no significant effect. In addition, firm age was found to moderate the relationship between leverage and firm value, but not the relationship between liquidity and firm value. The analysis shows that the combined leverage ratio and liquidity account for 81.9% of the variance in firm value, with the remaining 18.1% being influenced by other variables not included in the study. It can be concluded that leverage has a significant negative effect on firm value, while liquidity has no impact on firm value. In addition, firm age can moderate the relationship between leverage and firm value, but not moderate the relationship between liquidity and firm value in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study provides valuable insights, emphasizing the importance of firm age as a moderating variable in the relationship between leverage and firm value.

MEASURING THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LTD. IN BHOPAL USING RATIO ANALYSIS

This study use ratio analysis to evaluate Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd.'s (BSNL) financial standing in Bhopal. Financial health was assessed by looking at liquidity, profitability, and solvency measures for 2018, 2019, and 2020. The ratio research showed that BSNL has serious money problems since the company's liquidity, profitability, and solvency ratios are all poor. A fall in the company's current ratio and quick ratio over time indicates that meeting short-term commitments may be difficult for BSNL. The company has been losing money and failing to generate positive returns for its investors since its net profit margin ratio, return on assets ratio, and return on equity ratio are all below zero. The increasing debt-to-equity ratio, debt-to-total-assets ratio, and interest coverage ratio all indicate that the company is more dependent on debt financing rather than equity funding. This indicates that the corporation may have trouble generating enough revenue to meet its interest expenditures. Based on the results of this study, BSNL should make certain strategic adjustments to boost its bottom line. The recommended measures, such as better working capital management, debt reduction, revenue growth, and customer service improvement, may aid the firm in overcoming its financial difficulties. BSNL's overall financial health is in a vulnerable state, and the corporation has to take immediate measures to strengthen its bottom line.

Aspects of ensuring the rights of shareholders in the process of activities of joint-stock companies

The article is devoted to the study of certain aspects of ensuring the rights of shareholders in the process of conducting contractual work by a joint-stock company. The article emphasizes that a joint-stock company can enter into various contracts to ensure the conduct of its business activities. Depending on the subject and price of the contract, as well as taking into account the conditions of concluding the contract, the legislator separately defines contracts that can be qualified as significant contracts and contracts with interest. The conclusion of the specified contracts by a joint-stock company, taking into account the essence of the concept of corporate rights, can directly affect the conditions for shareholders to exercise the right to receive dividends and/or part of the company's property in proportion to their share in the authorized capital during the liquidation of the joint-stock company. Therefore, it is an important issue to ensure the rights of shareholders in the process of concluding significant contracts and contracts with interests by joint-stock companies. The article analyzes the current legislation of Ukraine on the issue of contracts by joint-stock companies. It is noted that the norms of the new Law of Ukraine "On Joint Stock Companies", which entered into force on January 1, 2023, provide for a slightly new approach to the essence of the concepts of a significant contract and a contract with an interest and the procedure for their conclusion.
 The article emphasizes that depending on such essential conditions as the subject of the contract and its price, some of the contracts should be classified as significant. As for the contract with an interest, the determining factor for such qualification is the person of the counterparty of such a company, which can be, for example, an official of the joint-stock company itself or another person who is related to an official of the company. Therefore, the provisions of the current legislation of Ukraine define the procedure for agreeing to conclude such contracts in order to prevent negative consequences that may occur when the joint-stock company fulfills its obligations under the specified contracts.
 The conclusions emphasize the need for further improvement of the mechanism of application of the current legislation of Ukraine in practice to ensure reliable security of the joint-stock company and protection of shareholders' rights.

Determinants of Firm Competitiveness: Econometric Evidence from the Bulgarian Industry

The factor effects of profitability at company and sectoral levels have earned a special status in research literature as a general measure of competitiveness. The Covid-19 crisis resulted in restrictions in consumption, rising levels of company debt, and increased concerns about company liquidity, which has led to revenue risks for industrial production firms. This study attempts to examine several factor effects that have impacted the financial performance, respectively the competitiveness of Bulgarian enterprises.

The Impact of the Corona Pandemic (COVID-19) on the Liquidity and Profitability on Listed Companies in the Palestine Stock Exchange

The study deal with the subject of the profitability and liquidity of companies listed on the Palestine Stock Exchange in light of the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic, as the study aimed to verify whether or not there is an impact of the pandemic on the profitability and liquidity of the companies under study by addressing the main problem about knowing the extent to which the various sectors listed in the market are affected by the pandemic. The descriptive approach was adopted for the theoretical aspect, while for the practical side, the earnings per share were adopted as an indicator of liquidity and profitability and were extracted from the financial statements of companies that have been published on the website of the Palestine Stock Exchange. The study was able to include (25) companies from different sectors for which data was available; after collecting and analyzing data and testing the two hypotheses of the study, the study reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is that there is no statistically significant effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the liquidity and profitability of companies listed on the Palestine Stock Exchange, and a set of proposals were presented, including Investors in financial markets should not generalize the reaction and indices of developed markets to emerging markets. The study also recommended the need to rely on other financial indicators other than profitability and liquidity to evaluate financial performance. It is also possible to study the impact of the Corona epidemic crisis on the financial and non-financial performance of organizations in general.

Ruang Lingkup Manajemen Keuangan Scope Of Financial Management

Effective financial management is an important factor in the success and sustainability of the company. One of the key aspects of financial management is managing company liquidity. This abstract aims to describe the importance of managing liquidity and its impact on the company's financial performance. The results of the analysis show that good liquidity management contributes positively to the company's financial performance. Companies that have a high liquidity ratio tend to have a better level of profitability and are able to generate stable growth. In addition, good liquidity management also provides benefits in facing external challenges, such as financial crises or market fluctuations. The company's financial managers need to find the right balance between sufficient liquidity to meet operational needs and profitable investments. In addition, this research can also contribute knowledge regarding best practices in financial management to academics and researchers in this field.

Financial Performance Analysis Based on Financial Ratios at PT Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk.

This study aims to determine the financial performance of PT Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk, which is contained in the financial statements on the official website of PT Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk. This research uses a quantitative descriptive approach using liquidity, solvency, activity, and profitability ratios. The results of the research conducted showed that the financial performance of PT Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia Tbk in 2019–2021 was quite good because the company's liquidity, solvency, activity, and profitability ratios were in good condition.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE BEFORE AND DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Many industries around the world are impacted by COVID-19 pandemic. In this research, we aim to examine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic to firms’ financial performance by analyzing whether there is significant difference between firms’ profitability, liquidity, solvency, and activity before and during COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses purposive sampling method which resulted in 105 companies from food and beverages, telecommunication, transportation, tourism, restaurant, and hotel subsectors listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2020. We first divide the data into two period, 2019 for the period before COVID-19 pandemic and 2020 for the period during COVID-19 pandemic. Then, we uses paired samples t-test and Wilcoxon signedrank test for hypothesis testing. The data is processed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26. The results indicate that the profitability and activity of food and beverages companies differ significantly, while liquidity and solvency do not. The solvency of telecommunication companies differs significantly, while profitability, liquidity, and activity do not. The profitability, solvency, and activity of transportation companies differ significantly, while liquidity does not. The profitability, liquidity, solvency, and activity of tourism, restaurant, and hotel companies differ significantly.

TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA SỰ BÙNG PHÁT COVID-19 ĐẾN LỢI NHUẬN VÀ THANH KHOẢN CỔ PHIẾU CỦA CÁC CÔNG TY PHI TÀI CHÍNH NIÊM YẾT TẠI VIỆT NAM IMPACT OF COVID-19 OUTBREAK ON STOCK'S RETURNS AND LIQUIDITY OF LISTED NON-FINANCIAL COMPANIES IN VIETNAM

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on stock’s returns and liquidity of listed non-financial companies in Vietnam. The authors used panel data regression on a dataset of 647 listed non-financial companies in Vietnam from January 30th, 2020 to April 30th, 2022. The regression results show that the daily growth in the total number of confirmed cases caused by COVID-19 have significant negative effects on stock’s returns and liquidity across all companies. The study also found that the COVID-19 lockdown had a significant positive effect on the stock's returns and liquidity of companies. In addition, research results also show that stock’s returns and liquidity are different across market capitalization during the COVID-19 outbreak. From this result, the article has given some policy implications for the government and investors. Keywords: COVID-19, Daily stock returns, Stock’s liquidity. JEL Classification: E00, E19, E29