Liquid In Patients Research Articles

Altered solid and liquid gastric emptying in patients with duodenal ulcer disease.

Alteration in gastric emptying has been implicated in duodenal ulcer disease. The precise abnormalities remain controversial. We have used a radionuclide technique to assess solid and liquid gastric emptying in 14 patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcer and 22 healthy controls. Solid gastric emptying values for the patient group fell within the normal range. The median time taken for 50% (T50) of the liquid marker to empty from the stomach was 12 minutes (range 6-23 minutes) which was significantly faster (p less than .005) than controls (median 18 minutes, range 11-35). In 10 of the 14 patients, however, the rate of liquid emptying was within the normal range. There was no significant difference in the T50 for gastric emptying of solids between the groups, but in duodenal ulcer patients food left the stomach significantly earlier than in controls (p less than .05). After this, however, the linear rate at which duodenal ulcer patients emptied solid food from the stomach was a median 0.75%/minutes (range 0.5-1.4 minutes), which was slower (p less than .0005) than controls, median 1.25/minutes (range 0.7-2.3). These results show that the pattern of gastric emptying of digestible solids and liquids in patients with duodenal ulcer disease, as a group, is significantly altered.

Routine studies of swallowed radionuclide transit in paediatrics: experience with 400 patients.

Scintigraphic studies of swallowed 99m Tc-sulphur colloid mixed with a few millilitres of liquid, performed on 400 paediatric patients of all ages, allowed visualisation of foregut function and measurement of oesophageal transit time and gastric emptying proportions. This non-invasive and physiological procedure requires a standard gamma camera with computing facilities and was performed as an outpatient routine. It proved very effective for the detection of gastro-oesophageal reflux and aspiration of refluxed liquid in patients of all ages but especially in neonates. The relevance of these scintigraphic results to oesophagitis, repeated respiratory problems, cyanotic and apnoeic spells and alternative methods of investigation is described.

Safety of Hot and Cold Liquids in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Patients with acute myocardial infarction are frequently not fed hot and cold liquids because of possible deleterious effects on heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac rhythm. In an attempt to identify and quantify such changes, hot liquid with a temperature in excess of 70 degrees C and cold liquid at an average temperature of 7 degree C were ingested by 20 patients within 36 hours of documented myocardial infarction and by 11 control patients with severe anginal episodes or chest wall syndromes. Heart rate and rhythm were continuously monitored during ingestion of the hot and cold liquids, and blood pressure was recorded intermittently. No patient in either group had a change in cardiac rhythm or an increase in ectopy during ingestion of the hot and cold liquids. Changes in blood pressure and heart rate were also not significant during liquid ingestion by patients with infarction and control patients. The practice of avoiding ingestion of hot and cold liquids by patients with acute myocardial infarction is not supported by these observations.

Antibodies Against Sheep Erythrocytes Produced by the Injection of Hydatid Liquid in Patients with Hydatid Cyst

Summary The injection of hydatid fluid in patients with hydatid cyst provokes the increase in their serum of agglutinins and hemolysins for the red cells of sheep and agglutinins for the red cells of rabbits. The increase in the titer of these heterologous antibodies is the more marked, the more intense is the response of the patient to intracutaneous injection of hydatid fluid (Casoni's reaction). In subjects without hydatid cysts and in noninfected rabbits the injection of hydatid fluid does not cause the appearance of such antibodies. Taking into account the results of these investigations, we present the hypothesis that for the appearance of this type of heterophilic antibodies the previous sensitization of tissues to the hydatid antigen is necessary.