Liquid Biofertilizer Research Articles

Growth and yield response of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L. var. Tuktuk) from different source materials applied with liquid biofertilizers

Abstract. Purba JH, Wahyuni PS, Zulkarnaen, Sasmita N, Yuniti IGD, Pandawani NP. 2020. Growth and yield response of shallot (Allium ascalonicum L. var. Tuktuk) from different source materials applied with liquid biofertilizers. Biodiversitas 21: 127-133. This research was to examine growth and yield of shallots using different sources of propagation material, namely true shallot seed (TSS) and bulbs. Soil biological fertility, which was generally low, was improved by the addition of liquid organic fertilizer. The purpose of this study a) to determine the differences in the propagation of plants from seeds and bulbs of shallot Tuktuk varieties, and b) to determine the effect of liquid biofertilizer maxigrow and rhizobacteria. The study used a one-factor randomized design. The results showed that the growth and yield of shallots propagated with bulbs were better than the origin of the seeds. The treatment of the two types of liquid biofertilizer produces tangible growth and yield, but there was no significant difference between the two kinds of liquid organic fertilizer.

PENGAMATAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN BAYAM (Amaranthus tricolor L.) PASCA APLIKASI BIOFERTILIZER (BAHAN AKTIF Aspergillus sp.) SEDIAAN CAIR

The study about the observation of spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) growth after the addition of liquid biofertilizer (active ingredient Aspergillussp.) had been conducted in Taman Pangan Gizi Langaleso Village, Dolo Subdistrict, Sigi District, Central Sulawesi, and Laboratory of Biotechnology, Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University, Palu, from March to November 2018. The aim of the study was to observe the growth of spinach after the addition liquid biofertilizer (active ingredient Aspergillus sp.) along with the fermented soybean liquid waste and coconut water waste as the main media. This study was designed using the Completely Randomized Design which consisted of 7 treatments with 5 repetitions. The treatments were arranged as follows: P0 (without the addition ofbiofertilizer, as the negative control), P1 (2.5%biofertilizer addition), P2 (5%biofertilizer addition), P3 (7.5%biofertilizer addition), P4 (10%biofertilizer addition), P5 (12.5%biofertilizer addition), P6 (NPK addition, without the addition of biofertilizer, acting as the positive control). The results showed that treatment P4 was indicated as the best growth among any other treatments as well as the control, based on the parameters of the height of the plants (10 cm), the number of leaves (8.35 leaf blades), the dry weight of biomass (1.95 g), the fresh weight of canopy (4.94), the fresh weight of leaves (2.07 g), the dry weight of leaves (0.22 g), the fresh weight of roots (2.11 g), the dry weight of roots (0.24 g) and the length of the roots (12.2 cm).

Leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll index in guava fertirrigated with bovine biofertilizer and nitrogen

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of fertirrigation with nitrogen and liquid bovine biofertilizer on gas exchange and leaf chlorophyll index of 'paluma' guava (Psidium guajava L.). The experimental design was randomized blocks with treatments distributed in a factorial arrangement (2 × 4) referring to mineral fertilizing with N (50% and 100% of N recommended) and biofertilizer concentrations (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5% of the fertirrigated volume). Variables evaluated were chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), total chlorophyll indexes (Chltotal), internal CO2 concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), net photosynthesis (A), instant carboxylation efficiency (iCE) and water use efficiency (WUE). The biofertilizer significantly affected Chl a, Chl b, Chltotal, A, gs and E, with quadratic polynomial adjustment of the results. However, there was no effect of N fertilization and interaction between the factors. Maximum index of Chltotal was 32.31 obtained with the estimated dose of 3.8% of the biofertilizer; while A, gs and E presented maximum responses of 19.09 µmol of CO2 m-2 s-1, 0.28 mol of H2O m-2 s-1 and 4.93 mmol of H2O m-2 s-1, with estimated doses of 3.6%, 3.6%, and 3.7%, respectively. Generally, liquid bovine biofertilizer applied via fertirrigation affects positively the photosynthetic responses in 'paluma' guava, however, with decreasing effects for doses above 3.8%.

Phosphorus Sources Combined with Doses of Organic Compost Increased the Population of Soil Microorganisms and P Level in the Soil and Plant and the Dry Matter of Sugarcane

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of P sources and filter cake, enriched or not with biofertilizers and liquid peat, on the microbial population and the soil available P levels and shoot dry matter and P accumulation by sugarcane. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement 4 × 3 + 1 and three replications. The treatments consisted in four sources of P: simple superphosphate, triple superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate and reactive natural phosphate combined with three levels of organic compound: without filter cake, decomposed filter cake (30 t ha−1, dry basis) and decomposed filter cake enriched with liquid peat (4 mL kg−1 of filter cake) and biofertilizers (480 mL kg−1 of filter cake) and a control treatment without organic compound and without phosphorus. At 45 and 110 days after planting the total population of bacteria and fungi, phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms and total microorganisms were evaluated. After 60 and 110 days, the soil available P, plants’ P and dry matter and P accumulation were evaluated. The organic compound increased the population of soil microorganism, the soil P levels, the accumulation of P and dry matter by the plants, regardless of the source of P, although the enrichment with biofertilizer and liquid peat did not enhance this effect. In conclusion, the presence of organic compost enhances the effects of phosphate fertilization.

Biofertilizer in leaf and drip applications: an alternative to increase tomato productivity

The tomato is a species of undetermined growth and extremely demanding in nutrients Therefore, the search of new ways to maximize the use and supply of fertilizers sources and their application mechanisms are important to improve the tomato culture management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the application methods of liquid biofertilizer (BF) and the harvest times throughout cultivation. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, in a 3x6 factorial with subdivided plot and seven replications. The treatments were foliar and drip BF application and a control, without application of BF, and harvesting time (85; 92; 99; 106; 113; 120 days after transplanting-DAT). Leaf application resulted in a class I production increase in the second week of harvest (92 DAT), while drip application reflected higher class II and III production in the fourth week (106 DAT). In all treatments, at 92 DAT higher production of large fruits (class I) was observed. Production of average fruits (class II) occurred at 92 and 113 DAT and small fruit (class III) production was concentrated at 113 DAT. The adoption of BF, regardless of the application form, provides an increase in total productivity, with an income up to 35% higher. Therefore, biofertilizer is a good source for nutrition implementation aiming at yields and returns in the tomato production chain.

Microalgal liquid biofertilizer and biostimulant effect on green gram (Vigna radiata L) an experimental cultivation

Microalgae-based biofertilizers have been proven to be very successful and an alternate source for agricultural sectors in reducing the usage of harmful chemical fertilizers. Focusing on this, liquid biofertilizer extracts of Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis are used to improve the growth of green gram Vigna radiata (L.). The microalgal extracts of Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis showed maximum chemical composition and elemental contents. Growth parameters of shoot, root length, and weight of green gram (Vigna radiata) at flowering stage were found to be at a higher level with treatments I and II. Similarly, maximum number of fresh weights of root nodules, plant heights, plant branches, plant leaves, and leaf area index were recorded as 100% with treatment I of Chlorella vulgaris and treatment II of Spirulina platensis in treated plants. The leaf chemical composition such as N, P, and K, total carbohydrates, Indole, and phenol evidenced with good results in plants treated with Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis. The soil characterisstics such as pH, EC (ds/m), Ca++, Na+, Mg++, K+, CO−3, Cl−, HCO−3, and So4 and physical characteristics of green gram including water absorption index, water solubility index, water absorption, and oil absorption were observed in superior level in microalgae-treated plants. The proximate composition and mineral composition of green gram seed flour were also recorded to be higher with Chlorella vulgaris and Spirulina platensis treatments. The antinutritional factors and phytohaemagglutinating activities of green gram were also found to be higher in microalgal-treated plants. Thus, the implications of Chlorella vulgaris as well as Spirulina platensis were proven to be pros of liquid biofertilizers in the production of green gram.

Rs-198 Liquid Biofertilizers Affect Microbial Community Diversity and Enzyme Activities and Promote Vitis vinifera L. Growth.

Chemical fertilizers were applied on perennial tree vines to obtain high yields, which have resulted in considerable deterioration of soil quality, and it is likely to have negative impacts on the development of the grape industry. In this study, P. putida Rs-198 liquid biofertilizer (Rs198LBF) was inoculated into grape rhizosphere soils to assess its influence on grape growth and microbial community. Field experiment results showed that grape growth and quality increased depending on the concentrations of Rs198LBF applications. The berry weight, length, and width in addition with 60 ml Rs198LBF (1.44 × 1013 cfu ml−1 Rs-198) per grapevine treatment (BFP3) were 17.2%, 6.2%, and 4.4% higher than those of CK (control, non-inoculation) treatment, respectively. The available phosphorus contents in addition with 40 ml Rs198LBF per grapevine (BFP2) and BFP3 treatments were 12.6% and 55.3% higher than those of CK treatment (P < 0.05). The activities of invertase and alkaline phosphatase were improved in BFP2 and BFP3 treatment compared with those in CK. The relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria significantly increased compared with that in CK treatment (P < 0.05). The clusters of orthologous groups (COG) annotation illustrated that the application of 60 ml Rs198LBF increased the relative abundance of metabolic genes in rhizosphere soil. The results of this study show that biofertilizer is very effective in enhancing plant growth and affects soil community diversity.

Incidência de doença no feijão-caupi submetido a diferentes doses de biofertilizante

O uso do biofertilizante líquido é uma alternativa sustentável para o uso agrícola, pois trata-se de uma técnica que consiste no emprego de resíduos orgânicos domésticos que são biodegradados por microorganismos, disponibilizando nutrientes para utilização em cultivos agrícolas. E pode ser uma alternativa viável para a produção de feijão-caupi, fornecendo nutrientes adequados para esta cultura, além de propiciar inibição à doenças e insetos. Diante disso, o objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar a incidência de doença no feijão-caupi submetido a diferentes doses de biofertilizante. O experimento foi desenvolvido no viveiro da Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, conduzido em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com cinco repetições. Os tratamentos foram 4 doses de biofertilizante (50, 100, 150 e 200 ml planta -1) e adubação mineral em função da análise do solo. Os dados de doenças foram submetidos a matriz binária de presença e ausência de doença e posteriormente analisados pelo teste TCL a 5% de probabilidade. O teste não apontou significância para incidência de doenças na adubação mineral com p5%, as doses de 50 e 200 ml planta-1 também apresentaram maior incidência de doenças p5%. As doses de biofertilizante que apresentaram significância e as menores incidências de doenças no feijão-caupi foram as doses de 100 e 150 ml planta-1 com p5% e apresentando 9% de incidência de doenças. O uso do biofertilizante líquido aplicado no solo inibiu a incidência de doenças no feijão-caupi.

Formulation of Bacillus and Azotobacter Consortia in Liquid Cultures: Preliminary Research on Microbes-Coated Urea

The spore-forming Bacillus and cysts forming Azotobacter are Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria which has been used as biofertilizer in sustainable agriculture since they tolerant to dried soil. Drought resistant microbes will be useful to coat urea in order to reduce the lost of nitrogen. The objectives of this preliminary study were to study the effect of molasse based liquid media on the population of Bacillus spore and Azotobacter vegetative cell and to determine the composition of four bacterial species in liquid formula. In the first experiment The Bacillus subtilis, B. megaterium, A. chroococcum and A. vinelandii were grown separately in 1% cane molasses enriched with 0.1% NH4Cl. As control treatment, The Bacillus and Azotobacter were grown in Nutrient Broth and Ashby’s mannitol broth respectively. In the second experiment, different composition of said Bacillus and Azotobacter were grown in molasses based liquid media prior to count the spore and vegetative cell. The results showed that molasses-based media supported bacterial growth and initial ratio 1:1:1:1 of liquid inoculant was effective to increase bacterial growth. This experiment suggested that the use of organic based media was useful practice of liquid biofertilizer formulation for granule urea coating.

Production of Liquid Bio-Fertilizer from Old Coconut Water and Molasses using Consortium Microbes

Increasing issue of returning to nature, the presence of organic fertilizer is one of the things required in agriculture sector. The presence of the liquid organic fertilizer, it is expected to have a positive impact on plants and soil. Moreover, in the manufacturing process, it was utilizing wastes. The liquid fertilizer was made by mixing waste from micro-businesses that produce a porridge (old coconut water) and side product of the sugar factory (molasses). Seven litter solutions from the liquid were mixed using a bioreactor equipped with impeller for 8 incubation days. The isolated microbes were inserted with initial number of 1012 using counting chamber method. As a phosphate source, the phosphate rock was implemented into reactor. Every 4 days, the samples were taken and analysed for knowing the concentration of NPK and C components. Three consortium microbe variables were carried out for making the fertilizer where the source of microorganisms from enrichment cultures + old coconut water + molasses (EOM); soil + old coconut water + molasses (SOM); and only old coconut water + molasses (OM). The highest (%) of N, P, K and C components was detected at 0.09; 0.04; 10.5 and 1.74, respectively achieved by the EOM after 8 day of incubation period. The bio-fertilizer was applied into the paddy test plants with a hydroponic system.

Black soldier fly liquid biofertilizer in bunga mayang sugarcane plantation: From experiment to policy implications

Sugarcane is one of the most important cultivated plants for more than a millennial. In Indonesia, especially in Java, sugarcane is also a part of symbolic local culture. In fact, during the Dutch colonialism sugarcane had given substantial wealth to the Dutch and in the early 1930s the export revenue of sugar from Indonesia was the second largest in the world. The status of sugarcane now is still important for Indonesia even though Indonesian status now is one of the largest sugar importing countries in the world. One of major problems for such contradicting path of history is that the continuously lowering Indonesian productivity of sugarcane since the last 45 years. The main conventional choice for sugarcane productivity improvement is, among others, maintaining high dosage of chemical fertilizer. The choice of using high dosage chemical fertilizer such as urea, for example, is not only costly in term of monetary spending but also is costly in term of environmental costs such as water, air, and soil pollutions. In fact agriculture is classified as one of the most polluted sector. This article shares the results of the case study that has been conducted one year (2017-2018) in sugarcane plantation in Bunga Mayang, Lampung Province, Indonesia. The experiment took full recommended dosage application of inorganic N, P, K, fertilizer as experimental control. The results showed that there were no significantly difference in the productivity of sugarcane between the application of full dosage of inorganic N, P, K fertilizer and the half-dosage of inorganic N, P, K fertilizer in combination with 60 l per ha of Black Soldier Fly (BSF)’s liquid biofertilizer. The results implied very important implications for future research, new agricultural practices and new development policy agenda. One of the most important policy implications is how to build a circular economic structure between rural-urban regions where now food and other agricultural products flow from rural to urban regions and create food and other organic wastes in cities. In the next system the circular structure will create no-organic waste that will pollute cities and other areas but cities will become agriculture regional source of biofertilizer produced by BSF’s biofertilizer industry which will fertilize the country sides environments.

Commercial viability of integrated waste treatment in cassava starch industries for targeted resource recoveries

The commercial viability of an integrated waste treatment process for converting wastewater and bagasse from a 200 t/d cassava starch facility, together with the associated cassava stalks, into bioenergy products and biofertilizer coupled with recovery of water for reuse, was assessed using Aspen Plus® simulations. The wastewater and bagasse are anaerobically digested for producing biogas that is combusted for thermal energy (Case I), or augmented with CS for combined heat and power production via steam boiler and turbo-generator while recovering biofertilizer in liquid or solid form (Cases II and III). In Case I, the biogas produced meets the thermal energy needs for starch drying in the cassava starch facility. Case II demonstrates energy self-sufficiency for the combined heat and power process and generates 28.53 MW as surplus power that is adequate for meeting power demands from the starch facility (∼2.17 MW) whereas, Case III generates only 56.5% of the biorefinery’s total power demands. In addition, liquid biofertilizer is recovered in Cases I and II while Case III allows for recovery of solid biofertilizer as well as water for reuse in the combined heat and power production, thus reducing the demand for freshwater by 66%. All three cases present potential profitable commercial investment with Net Present Values between US$ 83.4 million and 130 million, depending mainly on wastewater treatment costs and bioelectricity prices, and minimally on biofertilizer and thermal energy prices. Thus, the integration of water recovery and cassava stalks conversion into cassava waste treatment results in both economic and environmental benefits for the cassava starch industries.

Liquid microbial consortium: A potential tool for sustainable soil health

The green revolution brought amazing consequences in food grain production but with insufficient concern for agricultural sustainability. The availability and affordability of fossil fuel based chemical fertilizers at farm level in India have been ensured only through imports and subsidies which are largely dependent on GDP of the country. Dependence on chemicals for future agricultural needs would result in further loss in soil health, possibilities of water contamination and calculated burden on the fiscal system. Indiscriminate synthetic fertilizer usage has polluted the soil, water basins, destroyed micro-organisms and eco-friendly insects, made the crop more susceptible to diseases and depleted soil fertility at the primary levels as of today, which is the main concern of the write up. In this critical context Microorganisms have been emerged as the potential alternative for the productivity, reliability and sustainability of the global food chain. Carrier based biofertilzers has already proved to be the best over the agro chemicals and have been showing the tremendous effect on the global agriculture productivity since the past two decades. Rectifying the disadvantages of the carrier based biofertilizers, liquid biofertilizers have been developed which would be the only alternative for the cost effective sustainable agriculture. The article focuses on Liquid Biofertilizer Technology providing reliable reasons for their necessity, specificity and emphasizes that “Use of agriculturally important microorganisms in different combinations i.e. Liquid microbial consortium (LMC) is the only solution for restoration of soil health”. Even though biofertilizers are being produced and distributed constantly by private agencies, NGO’s, State and Central Government production units for the last three decades, their corresponding usage is not in the satisfactory proportions. To cope with the rising demands for food commodities, serious efforts are being made by the State and Central Governments (under the National Projects) for the sufficient agricultural production by popularizing biofertilizers and making them available to the farmer community. In spite of these efforts, the rate of consumption of biofertilizers is not to the optimum level in comparison with the agrochemicals. The reason attributed is the “non-availability of good and suitable carrier materials” that raises contamination problems and shorter shelf life.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK HAYATI CAIR ULTRA GEN DAN PUPUK MAJEMUK NPK MAHKOTA (12-12-17-2) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) DI MAIN NURSERY

This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of ultra gene liquid biofertilizers and crowns compound NPK and to find out whether there is any interaction between the both of it on the growth of oil palm seedlings.This research was carried out at the main nursery land of Nusantara I Plantation Limited Company (PTPN I) Kebun Baru, Langsa City, Aceh Province from June to September 2017. This study used factorial randomized block design with 16 treatments repeated 3 times. This study consisted of two factors, namely the dose of ultra gene liquid biofertilizer 0.100, 200 and 300 ml and the dose of crowns compound NPK fertilizer 0,5,10 and 15 g. The results showed that the dose of Ultra Gen liquid biofertilizer significantly affected the stem diameter, leaf number and leaf area in almost all MSP and significantly affected the leaf area of 6 MSP. The dose of Ultra Gen liquid biofertilizer treatment has a very significant effect on the growth of oil palm seedlings, which is indicated by the parameters of the increase in stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf area, and only a significant effect on leaf area 6 weeks after observation. The dose of 200 ml of the Ultra Gen factor shows better growth than other doses. There is a real interaction on seedling growth as indicated by the parameters of the number of seedlings. The highest number of seed leaves was shown by the treatment of 100 ml / polybag ultra gen with NPK 5g/polybag (U1N1), and 200 ml / polybag with no NPK fertilization (U2N0), although not significantly different from the U0N0 and U3N3 treatment combinations, but significantly different with the combination of other treatments. Keywords: crowns NPK, oil palm seeds, ultra gene liquid biofertilizers

Potency of biofertilizer to control damping off disease and stimulate plant growth on Japansche Citroen Seedling

Damping off is one of the diseases caused by soil-borne pathogens resulting in the death of seedling in a short time. Control of this disease is quite difficult. The study aimed to examine the potential of biofertilizers and the time of application to damping off disease intensity and plant growth on Japansche citroen seedling. This study used a Factorial Completely Randomized Design with two factors: 1). Biofertilizer namely AzzoFor (P1), liquid biofertilizer (P2), a secondary metabolite of Trichoderma asperellum (P3), the mixture of three biofertilizers (P4), and control (P5), 2). The time of application, namely the treatment of biofertilizers first then followed by the inoculation of F. oxysporum. (A1) and the treatment of F. oxysporu first followed by treatment of biofertilizer (A2). The results showed that the lowest disease intensity was found in A1P3 treatment (0%), while in control reached 41.3%. The treatment of A1P2, A2P1, A2P2 and A2P4 showed the same disease intensity. The highest disease control effectiveness found in A1P2, A1P3, A2P1, A2P2 and A2P4 treatments and this was significantly different compared to A1P4, A2P3 and control treatments. The most significant percentage of seeds germinate at 21 DAS was shown in A1P1 treatment (26.7%) and A2P3 treatment (25.3%), while after 28 DAS, it was in A2P4 treatment (73.3%). The lowest plant height at 28 DAS was A1P4 treatment and control. Biofertilizer is useful for controlling the damping-off disease if applied separately.

Utilization of Vermiwash for the Production of Liquid Biofertilizers and Its Effect on Viability of Inoculant Bacteria and Green Bean Germination

Contribution of biofertilizer in Indonesia as an alternative material for improving soil fertility and crop production is still limited. This may due to several major obstacles on its utilization and effectiveness regarding to it quality in term of its microbial viability of inoculants on formulations. This study aims to determine the effect of liquid biofertilizer formulations made from vermiwash carrier material on indigenous bacterial viability and its testing on germination of green beans ‘Vima-1’. The study included: (1) optimization of pH for the growth of inoculants bacterial consortium in vermiwash formulations with various additives, (2) viability tests and (3) pathogenicity tests of biological fertilizers on green bean sprouts (vegetative phase). The results showed that the best pH for the growth of the consortium of three bacterial isolates was at 5.5. Liquid formulation with a carrier material in the form of vermiwash plus 1% PEG (VP3 treatment) supported the highest viability of the bacterial consortium during 8 weeks incubation. All treatments did not inhibit the growth of green bean sprouts and symptom of pathogenicity was absent in all treated plants. From all treatments, the tallest green bean sprout was detected at VP3 treatment.

Production of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Biofertilizer from Organic Waste Material and Evaluation of Its Performance on the Growth of Corn (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Zea mays&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;)

Biofertilizer can be defined as preparation that contains microbes capable of nitrogen (N)-fixation and phosphate solubilization that promote plant growth. These groups of microbes, classified as Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB), colonize the rhizosphere and the soil. In this work, liquid biofertilizer was produced from whole orange, banana and grape, wheat and rice chaff, Moringa oleifera leaves, soil, and brown sugar (as carbon source) mixed with water and cultured in an anaerobic condition for two weeks. The sieved culture was stored in a tightly sealed PVC container at room temperature for biochemical analysis of microbial population. Nitrogen fixing bacteria (Azotobacter sp.) and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria were isolated using Ashby’s Mannitol Azotobacter medium and Pisvikoya’s PSB medium respectively, while Bacillus sp. was isolated using Bacillus agar. Field experiment was carried out to investigate the performance rates of the biofertilizer against those of the Nitrogen/Phosphorus/Potassium (NPK) chemical fertilizer and the control, on the growth of corn (Zea mays). The experimental design consisted of three treatments of the Biofertilizer, Chemical fertilizer (NPK) and Control, conducted in three replicates. Data collected were analyzed using one-way ANOVA at P

Fertilization with liquid swine manure increases productivity and improves the quality of Urochloa decumbens

This study aims at assessing the influence of mineral fertilization and biofertilizer from liquid swine manure (LSM) in productivity, levels of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) of Urochloa decumbens. The experiment was carried out in a red Latosol under a Urochloa decumbens pasture, in a state of degradation with loss of vigor and forage productivity. The delineation chosen for this study was randomized blocks with six treatments (control without fertilization, control with use of mineral fertilizer and four unique concentrations of liquid swine manure biofertilizer (61 m3 ha-1, 121 m3 ha-1, 181 m3 ha-1, 241 m3 ha-1)). The application of residue has been split in two times on the surface of the soil, by means of a distributor of liquid waste with a fan-shaped application. Yield and bromatological features were evaluated for two years. Fertilization with LSM can fully replace mineral fertilizing in Urochloa decumbens pasture systems, resulting in an increase, as a result, in the dry mass yield from the dosage of 121 m3 ha-1 and the reduction in fiber content in neutral and acid detergent. The increments in yield were observed in the second year, while improvement in bromatological quality was observed from the first application of LSM.

Beneficial impact and its role of liquid bio fertilizer from liquid waste fermentation on coffee growth to support innovative agrotourism

In managing organic coffee farming at Wanagiri village, Sukasada subdisrict of Buleleng, once a year farmers are faced by the problems of high volume of liquid waste produced from wet coffee processing. This waste usually danger to soil and crops, all plants dead when thouch with this waste. Improvement of the soil need to take at least 6 month to be normal again. The purpose of this study is to create technology in solving this waste problem through implementing fermentation by using indigenous micro organism(IMO) which finally produce liquid bio fertilizer. This fertilizer is then examined to the field research on coffee. In applying bio fertilizer for coffee crop it is shown that dilluting 5 times with water can produce better result for all parameter measured as indicated by high significant different amongst treatment. Therefore, liquid waste which was exsposed as the main factor to break soil condition, in contrast now become a fruitful benefit for farmers in order to fulfill the need of organic fertilizer to protect organic sertification.

PENGARUH PUPUK HAYATI CAIR DAN JARAK TANAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN KACANG TANAH ( Arachis hypogaea L. ) VARIETAS TALAM 1

This study aimed to: (1) determine the effect of the interaction between liquid biofertilizer and plant spacing on growth and yield of peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) varieties Talam 1, (2) determine the concentration of liquid biofertilizer that gives effect the best on the growth and yield of peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) varieties Talam 1, and (3) determine the relationship between growth and yield components of peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) varieties Talam 1. The experiment was conducted from April until July 2018 at Sangkanurip Village, Cigandamekar District, Kuningan Regency. Located at a hight of 434,2 m above sea level.The method used in this study is the experimental method. The experimental design used was a randomized block design (RBD) factorial. The study consisted of two treatment factors, is the dose of biofertilizer concentration and the plant spacing repeated three times. The first factor, namely the concentration liquid biofertilizer consists of four levels, namely: K1 (concentration 0 ml / 1 liter of water) K2 (concentration 5 ml / 1 liter of water) K3 (concentration 10 ml / 1 liter of water) K4 (concentration 15 ml / 1 liter of water). The second factor is a spacing (J) consists of three levels, namely: J1 (30 x 15 cm), J2 (30 x 20 cm), and J3 (30 x 25 cm).The results showed that: (1) there is an interaction between liquid biofertilizer and plant spacing on plant height DAP age 41, fresh pods weight per hill, and the weight of dry pods per plot, (2) The treatment of concentration 10 ml / 1 liter of water (K3) and a spacing of 30 x 20 cm (J2) showed the best effect on the weight of dry pods each plot which produces 1.43 kg/plot, equivalent to the average yield of 2,33 tons / ha, with assuming 80% effective field, (3) there is a significant correlation between plant height age 31, 41 DAP, number of leaves age 21, 41 DAP, leaf area index, and root volume with the weight of dry pods for each plot.