Lipid Profile Values Research Articles

Heart-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (H-FABP) in Patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Undergoing Cardiac Rehabilitation Program

Heart-type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein (H-FABP), compared with classical biomarkers, proved to have high sensitivity for myocardial damage size in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. High H-FABP levels are strongly associated in case of death, post-operatively acute kidney injury and atrial fibrillation. Cardiac rehabilitation is an instrument of medical management in cardiovascular diseases; beyond prevention, it can improve heart and muscle functioning in patients that were undergoing CABG, and cardiac and vascular adaptation. Over a 2-year period, 110 subjects were randomized and comprehensively evaluated. The mean age of the patients under study was 65.70 � 9.91 years old. For the H-FABP, the mean value in the Phase I was 67.40 � 9.81 ng/mL, while the mean value in Phase III was 4.80 � 2.30 ng/mL. The difference registered between the plasma H-FABP value in the first 24 h after cardiac surgery and the value in 6 months after the onset of cardiac rehabilitation program was important and statistically significant, as p [ 0.05. Fibrinogen showed significant phase-to-phase reductions of plasmatic values. Lipid profile values showed a statistically significant decrease. The renal filtration function evaluated by plasma creatinine showed statistically significant improvement and, in terms of absolute values, creatinine level was reduced in a range between 0.2-0.4 mg/dL. Also, it was recorded a significantly lower level of blood urea. The reduction of plasma H-FABP values were registered between the first phase (the first 24 h) after cardiac surgery and the third phase of the cardiac rehabilitation program. H-FABP protein had a higher sensitivity and specificity when compared to other enzymes of myocardial cytolysis.

The potential for interaction of tolbutamide with pomegranate juice against diabetic induced complications in rats

BackgroundPomegranate can inhibit cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 activity, which is largely responsible for the metabolism of sulfonylureas. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction of pomegranate and tolbutamide (TOL) against diabetic-induced complications. MethodsDiabetes was induced via administration of alloxan (150mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Rats (n=8) were treated with pomegranate juice (PJ) [3mL/animal, per os (p.o.)], TOL (20mg/kg, p.o.), and their combination for 4 weeks. Twenty-four hours after the last treatment, the pharmacodynamic interaction of PJ and TOL was evaluated by antinociceptive activity, electrocardiographic parameters, serum glucose, biomarkers, and lipid profile values. The influence of PJ on the pharmacokinetics of TOL was studied using the high performance liquid chromatography method. ResultsThe combination of PJ and TOL resulted in a significant improvement against diabetic complications compared to the group treated with TOL alone. The combination group was found to be the best protective group by significant improvement of antinociceptive activity, restoration of electrocardiographic parameters, serum glucose, biomarkers, and lipid profile compared to the group treated with TOL alone. Results of the pharmacokinetic study revealed that PJ increases bioavailability and half-life, along with a decrease in clearance and elimination rate of TOL. ConclusionFrom this study, it can be concluded that the combination of PJ and TOL exhibited profound protection compared to TOL alone against diabetic complications. The findings of pharmacokinetic interaction justified the results of pharmacodynamic interaction.

The Comparison and Estimation of the Prognostic Value of Lipid Profiles in Patients With Prostate Cancer Depends on Cancer Stage Advancement.

Lipid profiles and prostate cancer have a controversial relationship, and the predictive ability of lipids in determining cancer risk estimation is still questionable. This study demonstrates a significance assessment of the plasma lipid profiles of subjects with prostate cancer. Locoregional subjects irradiated with external beam therapy were compared to prostate cancer subjects with bone metastases. The histopathologic diagnosis of 103 subjects (71 locoregional [Group 1] and 32 palliative [Group 2]) were analyzed and compared using their blood samples, total cholesterol (CHL), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. The HDL/CHL, LDL/CHL, and TG/HDL ratios were used for better fit and comparison. Subjects were grouped according to their cancer stages and assessed using statins in both groups. In this study, serum HDL/CHL was significantly increased in Group 1 compared to Group 2 (p = .02), and time–statin factor in relation was statistically significant (p = .02). For Group 2, this index decreased with each day after radiotherapy (p = .07), which means the CHL was increased. Negative effects were noticed at the time of observation of the LDL/HDL ratio with an approximate increase of 0.0025 each day in palliative subjects. This ratio showed a statically significant elevation (p = .04). There was not a statistically significant difference in the value of the TG/HDL ratio between both groups. As the survival of cancer subjects increases, frequent control of the lipid profile gains importance.

Estrogen receptor \u03b1 gene polymorphism and vascular complications in girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus

The effect of estrogens is mediated by activation of estrogen receptors (ERs). Because ER-α gene polymorphisms may exert different effects in childhood, we analyzed the associations between the IVS1 −397T>C (PvuII) polymorphism and systemic inflammatory state, proangiogenic factors, frequency of monocyte subsets, lipid profile, blood pressure, and vascular complications in girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1). We examined 180 young girls with DM1 and 120 healthy age-matched controls. The analysis concerned PvuII polymorphism of the ER-α gene as well as the levels of serum inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, TNF-α), proangiogenic factors (VEGF, angiogenin), 17β-estradiol, values of monocyte subsets (CD14++CD16− and CD14+CD16+), lipid profile, and blood pressure. In our study, girls with CC genotype had lower level of inflammatory and angiogenic factors and lower frequencies of CD14+CD16+ monocytes in comparison to CT or TT carriers. Simultaneously, the CC carriers had a greater population of CD14++CD16− monocytes, increased blood pressure, and serum levels of: estrogen, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol than girls bearing CT or TT genotype. Our study suggests a pleiotropic effect of PvuII polymorphic CC variant on diabetic vasculopathies. Although the CC genotype carriers demonstrate less inflammatory and angiogenic activity, they seem to display less favorable cardiometabolic features. Based on our study, we cannot distinguish PvuII ER-α genotype that could be useful in identification of DM1 girls that are more prone to develop of late vascular complications, before the occurrence of first clinical symptoms.

Prevalence of Diet Atherogenicity and Coexistence of Lipid Disorders and Arterial Hypertension among 50-year-old Inhabitants of Wroclaw, Poland.

The incorrect composition of a diet, its atherogenicity, is conducive to the occurrence of lipid disorders, arterial hypertension (HTN), diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of incorrect anthropometric and biochemical parameters as well as diet atherogenicity. The study group included 1,520 adults (880 women, 640 men). The nutritional status evaluation was based on respondents' BMI and waist circumference. The diet atherogenicity was estimated using Keys Index (KI) and P/S ratio. Total cholesterol (TCh), LDL cholesterol as well as triglycerides (TG) concentration in blood serum were also evaluated. In 56.8% of women and 60.8% of men waist circumference exceeded referential values. The diets of 71.4% of women and 87.3% of men were atherogenic. HTN was observed in 64.1% of the study population. Hypercholesterolaemia was found in approximately 72% of the respondents. The increased LDL cholesterol concentration were found in 57.5% of women and 64.5% of men. Abnormal concentration of HDL cholesterol occurred among approximately 20% of respondents. Hypertriglyceridaemia was recognised in 26% of women and 44% of men. In the group of women and men with HTN, mean values, i.e. BMI, waist circumference and TG (with TCh concentration additionally noted in men) were found as significant. Normal lipid profile and arterial pressure values were observed in 6.6% of the population. In the diets of men with HTN were observed higher values of KI compared to group without HTN. No significant differences were found in the frequency of occurrence of the analysed parameters either among the group of women with HTN or without it. In the group of men with HTN, the abnormal BMI, waist circumference and TG occurred more frequently.

Evaluating the Comparative Values of Lipid Profile among Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women

Evaluating the Comparative Values of Lipid Profile among Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women

A Prospective Study on Incidence of Dyslipidemia in Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic syndrome characterized by increased blood sugar levels in the body. Dyslipidemia in diabetes is one of the most important reasons for silent heart attacks. The main aim and Objectives of this study are to evaluate the incidence of dyslipidemia after the diagnosis of Diabetes mellitus Methodology: A prospective non interventional single centred study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital. A specially designed proforma was used to collect the data from the case sheets such as patient demographics. Lipid profile values were obtained from the patient after obtaining written consent from each patient and correlated with American Dyslipidemic Associations standard values. The incidence rate was calculated. Results: We have included 500 patients in this study. We also observed that there were isolated, combined and mixed patterns of dyslipidemia in Diabetes Mellitus. The incidence rate was found to be 45.60%. Although there was no significant difference between the incidence rate of men and women. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia in Diabetes Mellitus possess a major threat of myocardial risk and heart attacks. As HbA1C is monitored every 3 months we recommend the monitoring of lipid profile test also every 3 months. Regular monitoring of Lipid Profile is an important way to prevent silent heart attacks.

Effect of Ethanol Leaf Extract of Moringa oleifera on Oxidative Stress and Atherogenic Indices of Otapiapia-Exposed Albino Rats

Objective: Otapiapia is a locally produced, easily accessible, non-regulated household pesticide, which could easily contaminate human food. The ameliorative effect of ethanol leaf extract of Moringa oliefera on otapiapiainduced changes in oxidative stress, lipid profile and atherogenic indices of albino rats was investigated using standard methods. Methodology: Twenty-four apparently healthy Wister male albino rats (150-180 g) were divided into 4 groups (IIV) of 6 animals each. Group I served as the control, while group II animals were given otapiapia contaminated feed and distilled water. Group III were fed uncontaminated diet and M. oleifera extract drink. Group IV animals were also given the contaminated diet and M. oliefera extract. The feed and drinks were provided ad libitum for a period of 14 days. Result: The results show that intake of otapiapia significantly (p<0.05) reduced serum superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and HDL-c concentration but increased significantly (p<0.05) the concentrations of malondialdehyde, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, LDL-c and VLDL-c. The derangements were significantly more pronounced in the atherogenic predictor indices than with lipid profile values. The observed effects of otapiapia were significantly (p<0.05) countered by administration of M. oliefera leaf extract. Conclusion: The results indicate that M. oleifera is a potent anti-poison with ameliorative effect against otapiapia-induced changes in biomarkers of oxidative and atherogenic damages in animals.

Evaluation of Antioxidant, Hypolipidemic, and Antiatherogenic Property of Lycopene and Astaxanthin in Atherosclerosis-induced Rats.

Background:Atherosclerosis is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Antioxidants play a major role in prophylaxis and prevention of progression and complications of atherosclerosis.Objective:In this study, we are evaluating the antiatherosclerotic effect of two antioxidants such as astaxanthin and lycopene.Materials and Methods:After acclimatization, 24 male SD rats, 8–10 weeks old, 150 ± 10 g, maintained as per CPCSEA guidelines were divided into four groups of six rats each. Baseline values of weight lipid profile and 2-Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) assay were taken. All the rats were fed with high cholesterol diet (HCD). HCD only, HCD + atorvastatin (50 mg/kg), HCD + lycopene (50 mg/kg), and HCD + astaxanthin (50 mg/kg) were given to control, standard, lycopene, and astaxanthin groups, respectively, through oral gavage for 45 days. The rats were sacrificed at the end of the study, blood sample collected from aorta, and then aorta was dissected for histopathology.Results:The lipid profile showed lycopene and astaxanthin decreased total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), very LDL-C, and triglycerides and increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level significantly (P < 0.05) compared to the control but less than atorvastatin. The TBARS value of lycopene was significantly lower compared to HCD and atorvastatin groups, whereas astaxanthin was significantly less than HCD group only. The histopathology showed only Type I lesions, no naked fatty streaks, few foam cells in lycopene, and astaxanthin groups compared to control where we observed Type II and III lesions, visible fatty streaks and many foam cells with intimal thickening in HCD group.Conclusion:In this study, lycopene and astaxanthin showed antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, and antiatherosclerotic property. This warrants further study for including them in the treatment of atherosclerosis.SUMMARY Antioxidants play a major role in prophylaxis and prevention of progression and complications of atherosclerosis.Lycopene and Astaxanthin are suitable candidates for further research in cardiovascular disease and there is paucity of studies evaluating their role in prevention of atherosclerosis.The effect of lycopene and Astaxanthin for anti-atherosclerotic property was evaluated in high cholesterol diet fed rats.The lipid profile showed lycopene and Astaxanthin decreased TC, LDL-C, VLDL-C and triglycerides and increased HDL-C level significantly (P < 0.05) compared to the control but less than atorvastatin.The TBARS value of Lycopene was significantly lower compared to HCD and atorvastatin groups while Astaxanthin was significantly less than HCD group only.The histopathology showed only type I lesions, no naked fatty streaks, few foam cells in lycopene and Astaxanthin groups compared to control.The study proves Lycopene and Astaxanthin have hypolipideamic and anti-atherogenic potential can be included in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. Abbreviations Used: TC: total cholesterol, HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C: low density lipoprotein cholesterol, VLDL-C: very Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG: triglycerides, and TBARS: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, HCD: high cholesterol diet.

Hypolipidaemic Effects of Gymnema sylvestre on High Fat Diet Induced Dyslipidaemia in Wistar Rats.

Hyperlipidaemia is a well known risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Lifestyle modification can be the initial step to reduce cholesterol levels. There are various drugs which are used to control dyslipidaemia. Treatment of lipid abnormalities is a lifelong battle. Moreover, the safety and effectiveness of long term lipid lowering treatment are questionable. Gymnema Sylvestre (GS) is a well known herb with various medicinal properties. To explore the hypolipidaemic activity of GS leaves extract. Adult healthy female wistar rats, 30 in number, divided into five groups, weighing 150- 200 g were used. Dyslipidaemia was induced in rats by feeding them on high fat diet for four weeks. For the next four weeks GS extract was used as test drug while Atorvastatin was used as standard drug. Blood sample was collected for estimation of lipid profile on day 0, week 4 and week 8. Data was recorded as mean±SEM (Standard error of mean). Paired t-test and one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett's post hoc test was used for comparison. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. SPSS Statistics 20 (IBM software) was used for the analysis. Feeding rats with high fat diet for four weeks led to obesity and dyslipidaemia in rats. GS at both the doses (100mg/kg and 200mg/kg) significantly improved the lipid profile. Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) values reduced significantly while that of High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) increased significantly. GS 200 mg/kg was found more effective than GS 100 mg/kg. GS improved the value of lipid profile significantly but the effect was found inferior to Atorvastatin. From the present study it can be concluded that GS possess an effective hypolipidaemic effect. Hence it can be included as an add on therapy in dyslipidaemia after further confirmatory studies.

Study of variations in lipid profile in different trimesters of pregnancy

Background: This study has been conducted to show a correlation of rise in lipid profile in all three trimesters when compared with nonpregnant controls. Objectives: As previous studies showed that increased lipid profile during pregnancy may lead to serious complications in both mother and fetus. Hence, the aim of our study is to monitor the lipid profile values during all the three trimesters of pregnancy and prevent the complications in both mother and fetus. Materials and Methods: A total 180 pregnant patients were taken with 60 in each trimester. 60 healthy nonpregnant women were taken as control subjects. In both study and control groups, we estimated lipid profile which includes total cholesterol (TC), serum triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Results: In comparison between study and control groups, the levels of TC, serum TGs, and HDL were significantly high in all the three trimesters, but the levels of LDL were significantly high in the second and third trimesters only. Conclusion: Deranged lipid metabolism in pregnancy is associated with complications in mother and fetus. Therefore, it is recommended to get lipid profile done as a routine investigation in all the three trimesters of pregnancy to avoid maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.

CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION WITH DRUG ELUTING STENT IN STABLE ANGINA PATIENTS

Aim . To evaluate the occurence of cardiovascular events (CVE) and influence of lipid parameters on it, as other clinical and instrumental factors of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients during 5 years after selective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug eluting stenting (DES). Material and methods . In the study, 574 patients included, with stable angina (81% males, mean age 60,3 y. o.), hospitalized to the FSBI RCSPC of MHRF for selective PCI with implantation of DES. Patients were prescribed the therapy according to stable angina guidelines, including statins. The analysis was done, of various clinical and instrumental and laboratory parameters for evaluation of prognostic significance. The endpoints were assessed: lethal cases from cardiovascular, as from all causes, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), non-fatal stroke, repeated coronary revascularization, that happened after discharge. Results. During the entire follow-up (average 53,5 months), CVE were registered in 24% cases. Totally, died 29 patients (5,1%), of those 4 (0,7%) — from non-cardiac causes, and repeat revascularization was done in 84 (14,6%) patients, non-fatal MI and stroke developed in 17 (3,0%) and 8 (1,3%), respectively. The risk factors were defined, that are related with the rate of fatal outcomes: smoking, brachiocephalic atherosclerosis, stroke in anamnesis, significant lesion of circumflex artery (CA) and its branches. Non-fatal stroke developed more oftenly in patients with higher body mass index (BMI) (32,2±2,56 versus 28,15±4,22, p=0,0164). Non-fatal MI more oftenly registered in patients with higher number and length of implanted stents (p=0,0018 and p<0,0001, resp.). By the end of follow-up, there were 66,2% patients on statins treatment. Target low density lipoproteides cholesterol (LDL-C) level (<1,8 mM/L) was found in 8,7%, median LDL-C level was 2,8 mM/L. There were no significant differences in LDL-C between those taking statins and discontinued,during 5 years. There was no significant relation of lipid profile values with CVE as well. The number of fatal cases was higher in the group of patients with lower baseline high density lipoproteide cholesterol. Conclusion. Adverse events were found in about quarter of patients. Most of patients did not reach the target LDL-C. There was no significant relation in baseline LDL-C and its level in 5 years, with the occurence of MI, stroke, repeat revascularizations, all cause deaths. This can be explained by the absence of significant differences in LDL-C levels in patients continuing and discontinued statins during the follow-up, and is related to the use of insufficient statins dosages and low adherence to statin treatment.

The Effect of Basil and Cloves in Lowering Blood Pressure in Rats Suffering from High Blood Pressure

The aim of this study was to conduct the possible antihypertensive effects of basil(Ocimumbasilicum) and cloves(Syzygiumaromaticum) in high blood pressure rats. The rats (n=30) were divided into two main groups, the first main group (n=6 rats) fed on basal diet as a control negative group. The second main group (n=24rats) received high sodium diet for 8 weeks to induce hypertensive in rats. After these periods, the high sodium diet group was divided into (4) subgroups (n=6 rats for each), the first subgroup fed on high sodium diet as a control positive group. Subgroups (2, 3 and 4)were fed on high sodium diet supplemented with basil (200mg/kg1 per day), cloves (200mg/kg1 per day) and (basil 100gm/kg + cloves 100gm/kg per day) respectively. Results: the results cleared that, basil, cloves and mixture of theme reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure.in addition to significant decrease in the mean values of total lipid profile, glucose, Serum Glutamic Oxalocetic Transaminase(SGOT)and Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (SGPT) in all treated groups, compared to positive control groups, while high-density lipoprotein (HDLc) increased.

The value of fasting plasma glucose and lipid profiles between 7 and 15 gestational weeks in the prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus

Objective: To explore the value of using fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and lipid profiles between 7 and 15 gestational weeks to predict gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: The medical records of 2 138 pregnant women who had prenatal care in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from August 2011 to February 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. According to results of the oral glucose tolerance tests, women were devided into the GDM group (n=240) and the normal group (n=1 898). Maternal characteristics, FPG and lipid levels between 7 and 15 gestational weeks were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operator characteristics(ROC) curve were used in the analysis. Results: Potential markers for the prediction of GDM included total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) , low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios (LDL-C/HDL-C) , triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios (TG/HDL-C) and FPG. After adjustment of confounding factors, age (OR=1.046, 95%CI:1.003-1.090), pre- pregnancy body mass index (OR=1.104, 95%CI: 1.049-1.161), gravidity>3 (OR=1.768, 95%CI:1.071-2.920), FPG (OR=8.137, 95%CI:5.412-12.236), TG (OR=1.460, 95%CI:1.148-1.858) were independently associated with the risk of developing GDM. Equation, PGDM=1/{1+exp[-(-16.542+0.045×age+0.103×pre-pregnancy body mass index+0.551×gravidity>3+2.110×FPG+0.372×TG)]}, was constructed by the logistic regression analysis. Sensitivity (67.5%) and specificity (70.5%) were determined by the calculated risk score, with a cut-off value of 0.11 (area under the curve: 0.751, 95%CI:0.718-0.783, P<0.001). Conclusions: FPG and TG, together with clinical characteristics may have a better predictive value for the risk of GDM.

Maternal lipid profile and the relation with spontaneous preterm delivery: a systematic review

BackgroundIt is unknown whether an unfavorable (atherogenic) lipid profile and homocysteine level, which could supersede clinical cardiovascular disease, is also associated with an increased risk of spontaneous preterm delivery (sPTD). A systematic review of studies assessing the lipid profile and homocysteine value of women with sPTD compared to women with term delivery in pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy.MethodsA systematic search of peer-reviewed articles published between January 1980 and May 2014 was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane database. We included case–control and cohort studies that examined triglycerides, high/low density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol and homocysteine in women with sPTD. Articles were subdivided in pre-pregnancy, first, second and third trimester. Of 708 articles reviewed for eligibility, 14 met our inclusion criteria.Results and conclusionNine cohort studies and five case–control studies were analyzed, reporting on 1466 cases with sPTD and 11296 controls with term delivery. The studies suggest a possible elevated risk of sPTD in woman with high TG levels, no association of high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol with the risk of sPTD was found. High homocysteine levels are associated with sPTD in the second trimester. The role of triglycerides and homocysteine in sPTD should be explored further.

Self-Efficacy, Self-Care and Glycemic Control among Canadian South Asians with Type 2 Diabetes

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between self-efficacy, self-care behaviours and glycemic control in South Asian adults with type 2 diabetes living in Canada. This study used a cross-sectional design of 41 South Asian adults with type 2 diabetes. Blood samples were collected to determine HbA1c and lipid profile values. The participants were asked to complete a self-report questionnaire consisting of items assessing sociodemographic characteristics, diabetes self-care behaviours using the revised Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Measure (SDSCA-revised) and diabetes-specific self-efficacy using the Stanford Self-Efficacy Scale. Participants' blood pressure, height, weight and waist circumference were also measured. Bivariate correlations found positive relationships between physical activity self-care items and the total self-efficacy score (r=0.7104753, p<0.001). Some of the self-care behaviours including testing blood sugar, taking diabetes pills, eating fruits and vegetables, eating high fat foods and physical activity were related to sociodemographic and clinical measures. Checking feet had a positive relationship with total cholesterol (r=0.35, p=0.028). However, there were no significant relationships between self-efficacy, sociodemographic variables, HbA1c and other clinical measures.

Body Mass Index Is Better than Other Anthropometric Indices for Identifying Dyslipidemia in Chinese Children with Obesity.

BackgroundBody mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) are used in screening and predicting obesity in adults. However, the best identifier of metabolic complications in children with obesity remains unclear. This study evaluated lipid profile distribution and investigated the best anthropometric parameter in association with lipid disorders in children with obesity.MethodsA total of 2243 school children aged 7–17 years were enrolled in Guangzhou, China, in 2014. The anthropometric indices and lipid profiles were measured. Dyslipidemia was defined according to the US Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents. The association between anthropometry (BMI, WC, and WHR) and lipid profile values was examined using chi-square analysis and discriminant function analysis. Information about demography, physical activity, and dietary intake was provided by the participant children and their parents.ResultsChildren aged 10–14 and 15–17 years old generally had higher triglyceride values but lower median concentration of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with children aged 7–9 years old (all P < 0.001). These lipid parameters fluctuated in children aged 10–14 years old. The combination of age groups, BMI, WC and WHR achieved 65.1% accuracy in determining dyslipidemic disorders. BMI correctly identified 77% of the total dyslipidemic disorders in obese children, which was higher than that by WHR (70.8%) (P< 0.05).ConclusionThe distribution of lipid profiles in Chinese children differed between younger and older age groups, and the tendency of these lipid levels remarkably fluctuated during 10 to 14 years old. BMI had better practical utility in identifying dyslipidemia among school-aged children with obesity compared with other anthropometric measures.

Therapeutic potential of ethanolic extract of Solanum nigrum for lipofundin-induced hyperlipidemia in Rabbits

Attenuation of hyperlipidemia with extract of medicinally important plant and reversal of lipid disorders is clinically very important. The aim of present study was to identify the therapeutic potential of Solanum nigrum ethanolic extract in lowering the cholesterol level in lipofundin treated hyperlipidimic rabbits in vivo. 20% lipofundin was used to induce hyperlipidmia in rabbits @ 2 ml/kg body weight through slow intravenous administration in the marginal ear vein for 7 days. For next 2 weeks the control group was placed at standard diet, whereas the test group was given the ethanolic crude extract of Solanum nigrum at the dose of 300 mg/kg body weight. On the completion of treatment blood samples were collected from both control and test groups and were analyzed for the lipid profile values. It was observed in the test group after treatment with ethanolic extract of S. nigrum, the raised level of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, highdensity lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein were decreased towards normal values. Thus the present study demonstrated that S. nigrum possessed significant anti-hyper lipidimic activity in lipofundin induced hyperlipidimic rabbits.

The Effect of Preoperative Apolipoprotein A-I on the Prognosis of Surgical Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Large Sample Study.

The prognostic value of serum lipid-profile in renal cell cancer (RCC) remains unknown. The purpose of the study is to explore the association between the serum lipid-profile and RCC patients.The levels of preoperative serum lipid-profile (including cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol [HDL-C], low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol [LDL-C], apolipoprotein A-I [ApoA-I], and apolipoprotein B [ApoB]) were retrospectively performed in 786 patients with RCC. The cutoff values of the lipids were determined by the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to investigate the prognostic value of serum lipids in RCC.Combined ROC analysis and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, for overall survival (OS), revealed patients with low ApoA-I (<1.04) had significantly lower OS than the high ApoA-I (≥1.04) group (multivariate Cox regression analyses, hazard ratio [HR], 0.57; P = 0.003). Not only in the whole RCC cohort but also in the subgroups stratified according to the pT1-2 (P = 0.002), pN0 (P < 0.001), and pM0 (P = 0.001) status, respectively. Moreover, in the 755 patients with nonmetastasis, the low ApoA-I group was also associated with shortened disease-free survival (DFS) time compared to the high ApoA-I group (multivariate Cox regression analyses, HR, 0.65; P = 0.033). However, the other lipids were not independent prognostic factors for surgical RCC.An elevated level of preoperative ApoA-I was demonstrated to be related with better survival in patients with surgical RCC. Measuring the preoperative ApoA-I might be a simple way for finding the poor prognostic patients who should enrolled in further clinical trials and management.

Serum lipid profile in oral squamous cell carcinoma: alterations and association with some clinicopathological parameters and tobacco use

Hypocholesterolemia has been observed in patients with cancers of various organs; however the potential role of alterations in serum lipid profile in oral cancer remains controversial. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the serum lipid profile in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its prognostic significance. Ninety untreated OSCC patients, who reported to the craniofacial unit for treatment between 2011 and 2014, were identified to obtain clinicopathological data and preoperative blood investigations including lipid profile. The fasting blood lipid profile, including total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and low density lipoprotein (LDL), was evaluated using a fully automated biochemistry analyser. Data were analyzed statistically using the Student's t-test, analysis of variance, and post hoc tests. Statistically significant decreases in serum TC, HDL, and LDL levels were observed in OSCC patients as compared to healthy controls (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in mean lipid profile values in terms of stage, grade, or lymph node metastasis. This study identified changes in lipid profiles in OSCC. The results suggest that during the development and progression of OSCC, levels of serum lipids are decreased. A review of the literature confirmed that OSCC patients exhibit aberrant serum lipid patterns.